Display device and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a display device and a method for manufacturing the display device, wherein the display device includes a display module configured to define a display surface. The display module includes a display panel, and the display panel includes a plurality of display elements configured to display an image on the display surface. A plurality of diffraction patterns are spaced apart at a constant interval on the display panel. The diffraction pattern is configured to diffract at least some of the light beams emitted from the plurality of display elements. The plurality of diffraction patterns include an organic material.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0014355, filed on February 7, 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] Herein, the present disclosure relates to a display device and a method for manufacturing the same. More particularly, herein, the present disclosure relates to a display device with improved display quality and a method for manufacturing the display device with improved efficiency. Background Art

[0004] With the development of multimedia technology and presentation, display devices are becoming more and more important. Various types of display devices such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light emitting displays (OLEDs) are commonly used in multimedia devices.

[0005] LCD, OLED, etc. may be incorporated into a head mounted display (HMD). For example, the HMD may be mounted on the user's head and have the form of a pair of glasses, a helmet, etc. The HMD displays images in front of the user's eyes so that the user can view the displayed images. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present disclosure provides a display device, which includes a plurality of diffraction patterns and is manufactured through a simplified manufacturing process, in which an organic material is used to form the diffraction pattern to reduce the number of process steps for forming the diffraction pattern, and in the process of forming the diffraction pattern, process steps that may damage the diffraction pattern and a sealing member are omitted, thereby improving display quality.

[0007] Embodiments of the inventive concept provide a display device including a display module configured to define a display surface. The display module includes a display panel including a plurality of display elements configured to display an image on the display surface. A plurality of diffraction patterns are spaced apart at a constant interval on the display panel. The diffraction pattern is configured to diffract at least some of the light beams emitted from the plurality of display elements. The plurality of diffraction patterns include an organic material.

[0008] In embodiments, at least some of the light beams diffracted by the diffraction pattern may constructively interfere.

[0009] In an embodiment, multiple display elements can respectively display pixel unit images on a display surface, light beams that have constructively interfered can display one or more replicated unit images on the display surface, the image can be defined by the pixel unit image and the replicated unit image, and each of the replicated unit images can be displayed on the display surface between pixel unit images that are close to each other.

[0010] In an implementation, each of the plurality of display elements may include an organic light emitting element.

[0011] In an embodiment, the display device may further include an encapsulation layer disposed between the plurality of display elements and the plurality of diffraction patterns.

[0012] In an implementation, the encapsulation layer may include at least one of an organic layer and an inorganic layer.

[0013] In an implementation, the encapsulation layer may be a glass substrate.

[0014] In an embodiment, the display device may further include an optical system disposed in a path of light emitted from the display module to magnify the image. The display surface may include a left-eye image display area and a right-eye image display area.

[0015] In an embodiment, when viewed in a plane, a plurality of diffraction patterns may be arranged side by side to have a constant interval in a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction.

[0016] In an embodiment, when viewed in a plane, a plurality of diffraction patterns may be arranged side by side at constant intervals in a first direction, and may be alternately arranged in a second direction crossing the first direction.

[0017] In an implementation, the display device may further include an inorganic film configured to cover the plurality of diffraction patterns.

[0018] In an embodiment, each of the plurality of diffraction patterns may have a cylindrical shape, a square column shape, or an inscribed cylindrical shape.

[0019] In an embodiment, a plurality of diffraction patterns may be arranged at first intervals in a first direction, and a plurality of display elements may be arranged at second intervals in the first direction, and each of the first intervals may be smaller than each of the second intervals.

[0020] In an embodiment, the display device may further include a cover layer configured to cover the plurality of diffraction patterns and planarize tops of the plurality of diffraction patterns.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a display device includes: forming a plurality of display elements on a substrate; forming an encapsulation layer, the encapsulation layer being configured to cover the plurality of display elements; coating a top surface of the encapsulation layer with an organic material to form an organic film; and patterning the organic film to form a plurality of diffraction patterns.

[0022] In an embodiment, the patterning of the organic film may include forming a plurality of diffraction patterns by exposing the organic layer to light and then developing the exposed organic layer.

[0023] In an embodiment, the patterning of the organic film may include forming a plurality of diffraction patterns such that the plurality of diffraction patterns have constant intervals in a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction.

[0024] In an embodiment, the manufacturing method may further include forming an inorganic film by depositing an inorganic material on the plurality of diffraction patterns.

[0025] In an embodiment, the organic material may include a photosensitive material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept and together with the description are used to describe the principles of the inventive concept. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0028] Figure 2 is taken along line II' according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a display panel shown in ;

[0029] Figure 3 is taken along line II-II' according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a display panel shown in ;

[0030] Figure 4 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 An exploded perspective view of the display module shown in FIG.

[0031] Figure 5 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 An equivalent circuit diagram of a pixel shown in;

[0032] Figure 6 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a display module shown in ;

[0033] Fig. 7A is a plan view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0034] Figure 7B is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0035] Fig. 8A is a plan view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0036] Figure 8B is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0037] Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0038] Fig.10 is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0039] Fig.11 is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0040] Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a display module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0041] Fig.13 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a path along which light travels in a display module according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;

[0042] Fig.14 is a front view of a replica unit image formed on a display surface by a diffracted light beam according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0043] Fig.15 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a display module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0044] Fig.16 is a perspective view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0045] Fig.17 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Fig.16 A perspective view of the display device shown in when being used by a user;

[0046] Fig.18 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Fig.16A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device shown in ; and

[0047] FIG. 19A to FIG. 19E are cross-sectional views illustrating some steps of a method of manufacturing a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Since various changes and modifications may be made to the inventive concept and the inventive concept may take various forms, specific exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are shown in the accompanying drawings and described in detail below. However, it should be understood that this is not intended to limit the inventive concept to a specific disclosure, but is intended to include all changes and modifications, equivalents and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the inventive concept.

[0049] Throughout the specification, when describing the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same elements. In addition, in the drawings, in order to effectively describe the features, the size of the parts can be enlarged or reduced. It should be understood that, although the first, second and other terms can be used in this article to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or part from another element, component, region, layer or part. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the present invention, the first element, the first component, the first area, the first layer or the first part discussed below can be referred to as the second element, the second component, the second area, the second layer or the second part. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form "one", "one" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms.

[0050] It should also be understood that when used in this specification, the terms “include” and / or “comprising” indicate the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or combinations thereof.

[0051] It should also be understood that when a layer (or film, region, substrate, etc.) is referred to as being "on" or "on top of" another layer or substrate, the layer (or film, region, substrate, etc.) may be directly on the other layer or substrate, or there may be intervening layers. In addition, it should be understood that when a layer (or film, region, substrate, etc.) is referred to as being "below" or "on the bottom of" another layer, the layer (or film, region, substrate, etc.) may be directly below the other layer, or there may be one or more intervening layers. In addition, when an element or layer is referred to as being disposed "on" another element or layer, the element or layer may be disposed not only on the upper portion of the other element or layer, but also on the lower portion thereof.

[0052] When a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being in "direct contact" with another element, it may mean that there are no intervening layers, films, regions, or substrates. For example, "direct contact with..." may mean that two layers or two members are placed in contact with each other without using additional members (such as bonding members).

[0053] Hereinafter, a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view taken along line II' shown in FIG.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the display device DD according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may have a rectangular shape having relatively short sides in the first direction DR1 and long sides in the second direction DR2 perpendicular to the first direction DR1. However, the rectangular shape of the display panel is provided for the convenience of description, and the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept is not limited to a specific shape of the display device DD.

[0056] The display device DD may include a display surface IS having a display area DA and a non-display area NDA in a plane defined by a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. The display area DA may be positioned in a central area of ​​the display device DD. The display area DA may display an image IMG. The non-display area NDA may have a frame surrounding the display area DA in a plane defined by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. The non-display area NDA may be configured not to display an image. Exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited to specific shapes of the display area DA and the non-display area NDA.

[0057] The normal direction of the display surface IS (which is the approximate direction of the display image IMG) can be represented by a third direction DR3. The front surface (e.g., top surface) and the rear surface (e.g., bottom surface) of each of the layers or units described below can be distinguished by the third direction DR3. However, the first direction DR1 to the third direction DR3 shown in the present exemplary embodiment are relative concepts and can be converted into other directions in other embodiments. Hereinafter, the first direction to the third direction are defined as directions indicated by the first direction DR1 to the third direction DR3, respectively, and refer to the same figure marks.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown in , the display device DD may include a display module DM. The display surface IS may be substantially defined on the top surface of the display module DM. The display module DM may include a display panel DP having a plurality of display elements for displaying an image, an encapsulation layer ECL disposed on the display panel DP, and a plurality of diffraction patterns DFP. Figures 3 to 15 The display panel DP, the encapsulation layer ECL, and the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP are described in more detail.

[0059] The display module DM according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may further include a cover layer CVL disposed on the diffraction pattern DFP. The cover layer CVL may cover the diffraction pattern DFP. In the present exemplary embodiment, the cover layer CVL may perform a planarization function and provide protection for the diffraction pattern DFP.

[0060] The display device DD according to the present exemplary embodiment may further include an input sensing layer TSL, an anti-reflection layer LRL, and a window member WM.

[0061] The input sensing layer TSL may be disposed on the display module DM. The input sensing layer TSL may detect an external input provided to the display device DD.

[0062] As an example, the input sensing layer TSL can detect an external input inputted through a part of the user's body (such as a finger of the user). However, the external input detectable by the input sensing layer TSL is not limited to any one method. For example, the external input can be inputted through an optical method, a touch method, a magnetic method, etc. A plurality of input sensing electrodes for sensing the external input may be included in the input sensing layer TSL.

[0063] The input sensing layer TSL may detect an external input in various methods. As an example, the input sensing layer TSL may be driven in a capacitance method, a resistance film method, a coordinate detection method, and the like.

[0064] The anti-reflection layer LRL may be disposed on the input sensing layer TSL. The anti-reflection layer LRL may be disposed in a plane such as defined by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 to overlap with the display area DA of the display device DD. The anti-reflection layer LRL may improve image quality by preventing external light incident on the display device DD from the outside from being reflected by the display module DM and viewed by the user. A polarization layer and a phase delay layer may be included in the anti-reflection layer LRL.

[0065] The polarizing layer may have a transmission axis and an absorption axis perpendicular to the transmission axis. A first component of external light incident on the polarizing layer may be absorbed or reflected by the absorption axis and may not pass through the polarizing layer. A second component of external light perpendicular to the first component and incident on the polarizing layer may pass through the polarizing layer. The polarizing layer linearly polarizes the external light.

[0066] In the present exemplary embodiment, the polarizing layer may be composed of a polymer resin stretched in a specific direction. However, exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept are not limited to a specific type of polarizing layer. In another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, the polarizing layer may be a wire grid polarizer.

[0067] The phase delay layer may be disposed on the bottom of the polarization layer. The phase delay layer may have optical anisotropy. Therefore, the phase delay layer may delay the phase of a component of incident light. The phase delay layer changes the polarization state of light. As an example, the phase delay layer may delay the phase of a component of incident light by λ / 4. The phase delay layer may be a quarter-wavelength film. Therefore, the phase of a component of light passing through the phase delay layer may be delayed so that the light passing through the phase delay layer may be changed from a linear polarization state to a circular polarization state, or vice versa.

[0068] According to this exemplary embodiment, even if external light incident on the display device DD from the outside is reflected by the display module DM, the polarization state of the reflected external light may be changed by the phase retardation layer so that the reflected external light may be absorbed or reflected by the polarization layer. Therefore, the external light reflected by the display module DM may not be transmitted through the display surface IS of the display device DD to reach the observer.

[0069] The window member WM may be disposed on top of the anti-reflection layer LRL. The window member WM forms the front surface of the display device DD and provides protection for the anti-reflection layer LRL, the input sensing layer TSL, and the display module DM. For example, the window member WM may include a glass substrate, a sapphire substrate, or a plastic film. The window member WM may have a multi-layer or single-layer structure. As an example, the window member WM may have a laminated structure characterized by a plurality of plastic films bonded by an adhesive. The window member WM may also have a laminated structure of a glass substrate and a plastic film bonded by an adhesive.

[0070] In this exemplary embodiment, the display device DD may further include a plurality of adhesive members AD1 and AD2. The first adhesive member AD1 may be disposed between the input sensing layer TSL and the anti-reflection layer LRL and couple the input sensing layer TSL and the anti-reflection layer LRL. The second adhesive member AD2 may be disposed between the anti-reflection layer LRL and the window member WM and couple the anti-reflection layer LRL and the window member WM.

[0071] In other exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concepts, at least one of the input sensing layer TSL, the anti-reflection layer LRL, and the window member WM may be omitted.

[0072] Figure 3 is taken along line II-II', Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a display panel shown in FIG. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 An exploded perspective view of the display module shown in FIG.

[0073] For the convenience of description, Figure 4 The display panel DP, the encapsulation layer ECL and the diffraction pattern DFP are shown. Figure 1 : is an exploded perspective view of the portion corresponding to the display area DA shown in .

[0074] The display panel DP may include a plurality of display elements configured to display an image IMG on the display panel DP. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the display panel DP according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may be an organic light emitting display panel. Each of the display elements included in the display panel DP according to the present embodiment may be an organic light emitting element OLED. However, the display element is not limited thereto, and may be one of various light emitting elements (including but not limited to LCD, LED, micro-LED, nano-LED, and light emitting elements having quantum dots or quantum rods).

[0075] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the display panel DP may include a base layer BSL, a circuit layer CRL, a pixel layer PXL, and a buffer layer BFL. The base layer BSL may define a rear surface of the display panel DP. The circuit layer CRL may be disposed on the base layer BSL. The circuit layer CRL may include a circuit for driving a light emitting element (e.g., Figure 5 and Figure 6 The invention also includes a plurality of thin film transistors (OLED) and a plurality of signal lines.

[0076] The pixel layer PXL may be disposed on the circuit layer CRL. The pixel layer PXL may include a plurality of display elements and a pixel defining film for separating the display elements. At least one display element of the pixel layer PXL and at least one thin film transistor of the circuit layer CRL connected to the at least one display element may define one pixel PX. Therefore, the display panel DP according to the present exemplary embodiment includes a plurality of pixels PX.

[0077] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the type of the display panel DP can be determined according to the configuration of the pixel layer PXL. The display panel DP may be an organic light-emitting display panel, a liquid crystal display panel, an electrophoretic display panel, an electrowetting display panel, or may be any of various display panels capable of displaying an image. In addition, the display panel DP according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include various embodiments and is not limited to any one exemplary embodiment. In the following figures, a case where the display panel DP is an organic light-emitting display panel is described as an example.

[0078] The buffer layer BFL may be disposed on the pixel layer PXL to cover the pixel layer PXL. There is no particular limitation on the material of the buffer layer BFL. For example, the buffer layer BFL may include an inorganic material or an organic material. Alternatively, the buffer layer BFL may have the form of a single-layer structure, or a stacked structure of at least one of an organic layer and an inorganic layer. In another exemplary embodiment, the buffer layer BFL may also be an air layer. The buffer layer BFL may be a planarization layer that planarizes the top surface of the pixel layer PXL. The buffer layer BFL according to the exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept may be arranged in various forms and is not limited to any one exemplary embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, the buffer layer BFL may also be omitted.

[0079] Reference Figure 4 , the display module DM may include an encapsulation layer ECL and a plurality of diffraction patterns DFP disposed on the display panel DP.

[0080] The encapsulation layer ECL may be disposed on the display panel DP to cover the display panel DP. The encapsulation layer ECL may cover the plurality of pixels PX. The encapsulation layer ECL may be disposed between the plurality of pixels PX and the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP. The encapsulation layer ECL may cover the plurality of pixels PX to protect the plurality of pixels PX from penetration of external oxygen, impurities, moisture, etc.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment, the encapsulation layer ECL may be a transparent insulating substrate. The encapsulation layer ECL may be a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a transparent resin substrate, etc. A sealing member may be provided between the encapsulation layer ECL and the display panel DP to combine the encapsulation layer ECL and the display panel DP together.

[0082] Optionally, the encapsulation layer ECL may have a single-layer structure or a stacked structure of at least one of an organic layer and an inorganic layer. The encapsulation layer ECL may have an inorganic layer and an organic layer alternately stacked. In the present exemplary embodiment, the inorganic layer may block external oxygen and moisture, and the organic layer may flatten the steps generated by the pixel defining film, etc. In the present exemplary embodiment, the inorganic layer may be disposed at the top of the encapsulation layer ECL.

[0083] A plurality of diffraction patterns DFP may be provided on the encapsulation layer ECL. Figure 4 In the exemplary embodiment shown in , the diffraction pattern DFP may be directly disposed on the encapsulation layer ECL. For example, the diffraction pattern DFP may be arranged in a matrix form on the top surface of the encapsulation layer ECL. The diffraction pattern DFP diffracts at least a portion of the incident light. FIG. 7A to FIG. 15 The diffraction pattern DFP is described in more detail.

[0084] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The equivalent circuit diagram of a pixel is shown in Figure 5 , an exemplary embodiment in which the display element is an organic light emitting element OLED is described.

[0085] Reference Figure 5 , the pixel PX may include at least one thin film transistor, at least one capacitor and at least one display element. Figure 5 In the exemplary embodiment shown in , the pixel PX includes a first thin film transistor TFT1, a second thin film transistor TFT2, a capacitor Cap, and an organic light emitting element OLED.

[0086] The first thin film transistor TFT1 may include an output electrode, a control electrode connected to the scan line SL, and an input electrode connected to the data line DL. The first thin film transistor TFT1 may output a data signal applied to the data line DL in response to a scan signal applied to the scan line SL.

[0087] The capacitor Cap may include a first capacitor electrode connected to the first thin film transistor TFT1 and a second capacitor electrode receiving the first power voltage ELVDD. The capacitor Cap may be charged with a voltage or charge amount corresponding to a difference between a voltage corresponding to a data signal received from the first thin film transistor TFT1 and the first power voltage ELVDD.

[0088] The second thin film transistor TFT2 may include an output electrode, a control electrode connected to the output electrode of the first thin film transistor TFT1 and the first capacitor electrode of the capacitor Cap, and an input electrode receiving the first power voltage ELVDD. The output electrode of the second thin film transistor TFT2 may be connected to the organic light emitting element OLED.

[0089] The second thin film transistor TFT2 controls the driving current flowing into the organic light emitting element OLED in response to the amount of charge stored in the capacitor Cap. The on-time of the second thin film transistor TFT2 can be determined according to the amount of charge charged in the capacitor Cap. The output electrode of the second thin film transistor TFT2 can provide a voltage lower than the first power supply voltage ELVDD to the organic light emitting element OLED.

[0090] The organic light emitting element OLED may include a first electrode connected to the second thin film transistor TFT2 and a second electrode receiving the second power voltage ELVSS. The organic light emitting element OLED may include a light emitting pattern disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0091] The organic light emitting element OLED emits light during the on period of the second thin film transistor TFT2. The color of light generated in the organic light emitting element OLED may be determined by the material constituting the light emitting pattern. For example, the color of light generated in the organic light emitting element OLED may be one of red, green, blue, and white. The organic light emitting element OLED substantially defines a light emitting area PXA (see Figure 6 ).

[0092] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a display module is shown in FIG.

[0093] Reference Figure 6 The pixel layer PXL may include the organic light emitting element OLED and the pixel defining layer PDL as described above.

[0094] Each of the organic light emitting elements OLED may include a first electrode EL1, a second electrode EL2 and a light emitting layer OEL. The first electrode EL1 may be a pixel electrode or an anode. The first electrode EL1 may be a semi-transmissive reflective electrode or a reflective electrode. In an exemplary embodiment, the first electrode EL1 may include Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr or a mixture thereof. Alternatively, the first electrode EL1 may be a structure of multiple layers, including a reflective film or a semi-transmissive reflective film formed of the above materials and a transparent conductive film formed of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), etc.

[0095] The second electrode EL2 may be a common electrode or a cathode. The second electrode EL2 may be a transmissive electrode. In an exemplary embodiment, the second electrode EL2 may include Li, Ca, LiF / Ca, LiF / Al, Al, Mg, BaF, Ba, Ag metal, or a compound or mixture thereof (e.g., a compound of Ag and Mg). However, the second electrode EL2 is not limited thereto, and may also include, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), or indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO).

[0096] The pixel defining film PDL may be disposed on the first electrode EL1. The pixel defining film PDL may cover a portion of the first electrode EL1 and expose another portion thereof. A portion of the first electrode EL1 may be exposed through an opening defined in the pixel defining film PDL, and the region in which the opening is defined may correspond to a pixel region. The region covered by the pixel defining film PDL may be a non-luminous region.

[0097] The light emitting layer OEL may be disposed between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2. The light emitting layer OEL may be disposed in the light emitting area PXA defined by the pixel defining layer PDL.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, in addition to the light-emitting layer OEL, a plurality of common layers may be disposed between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2. For example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer may be sequentially stacked between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2. In addition, at least one of a hole blocking layer, a hole buffer layer, and an electron blocking layer may be disposed between the first electrode EL1 and the second electrode EL2.

[0099] The organic light emitting elements OLED may be spaced apart in a first direction DR1 and arranged at predetermined intervals. The organic light emitting elements OLED may also be arranged at similar or identical intervals in a second direction DR2 intersecting the first direction DR1. A plurality of diffraction patterns DFP may be arranged at constant intervals in the first direction DR1. In an exemplary embodiment, the length of each diffraction pattern DFP in the first direction DR1 is smaller than the length of the organic light emitting element OLED. The diffraction patterns DFP may be spaced apart at intervals smaller than each of the intervals between the organic light emitting elements OLED.

[0100] Fig. 7A is a plan view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept. Figure 7B is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept.

[0101] Reference Fig. 7A and Figure 7B, the diffraction pattern DFP may be arranged on the encapsulation layer ECL. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the diffraction patterns DFP may have a cylindrical shape when viewed from the third direction DR3. For example, each of the diffraction patterns DFP may have a circular shape in a plane defined by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. In an exemplary embodiment, the diameters d1 and d2 of each of the diffraction patterns DFP may be about 2.5 μm to about 5.0 μm. The diffraction patterns DFP in adjacent rows may overlap each other in the second direction DR2, and the diffraction patterns DFP in adjacent columns may overlap each other in the first direction DR1. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited to a specific shape and size of each of the diffraction patterns DFP.

[0102] The diffraction pattern DFP may be arranged to have a matrix form having a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns in the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. For example, the diffraction pattern DFP may have rows arranged in the second direction DR2 and extending in the first direction DR1. The diffraction pattern DFP may have columns arranged in the first direction DR1 and extending in the second direction DR2. The diffraction pattern DFP may be arranged to have constant intervals PA1 and PA2 in the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, respectively. Specifically, the diffraction pattern DFP may have a first interval PA1 in the first direction DR1 and a second interval PA2 in the second direction DR2. Fig. 7A In the exemplary embodiment shown in , the first interval PA1 and the second interval PA2 are approximately the same. In the exemplary embodiment, each of the first interval PA1 and the second interval PA2 may be about 4.5 μm to about 7.5 μm both inclusive.

[0103] The diffraction pattern DFP according to the exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept diffracts at least a portion of incident light traveling from the buffer layer BFL toward the display surface IS. In the present embodiment, the first interval PA1 and the second interval PA2 may be differently designed according to the wavelength λ of the light that the diffraction pattern DFP may diffract. In the exemplary embodiment, each of the first interval PA1 and the second interval PA2 may be approximately λ / n*sinθ. n is the refractive index of the diffraction pattern DFP and the cover layer CVL (see Figure 2 ), and θ is an angle formed by the third direction DR3 with the light incident on the diffraction pattern DFP from the buffer layer BFL. In another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, the distances of the first interval PA1 and the second interval PA2 may be different from each other.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, the diffraction pattern DFP may include an organic material. There is no particular limitation on the organic material included in the diffraction pattern DFP. The organic material may diffract at least a portion of the incident light and may be selected according to the wavelength of the light to be diffracted. In an exemplary embodiment, the diffraction pattern DFP may be an organic material including silicon (Si). In an exemplary embodiment, the diffraction pattern DFP may include an acrylic or siloxane material. The organic material included in the diffraction pattern DFP may be selected from organic materials used for the organic light emitting element OLED (see Figure 6 ) is a material that diffracts light generated in the organic material. In an exemplary embodiment described later, the diffraction pattern DFP may be formed by including a photosensitive material in an organic material through a photolithography process.

[0105] Fig. 8A is a plan view of a diffraction pattern according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept. Figure 8B is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept.

[0106] Reference Fig. 8A and Figure 8B , the diffraction patterns DFP-1 may be arranged to have constant intervals PA1 and PA2 in the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, respectively. The diffraction patterns DFP-1 may be arranged side by side to have a constant interval PA1 in the first direction DR1, and alternately arranged in the second direction DR2. More specifically, each of the diffraction patterns DFP-1 that are close to each other in the first direction DR1 may overlap with each other in the first direction DR1, and each of the diffraction patterns DFP-1 that are close to each other in the second direction DR2 may not overlap with each other in the second direction DR2. For example, the diffraction patterns DFP-1 in alternating rows may be offset from each other in the first direction DR1. Fig. 8A In the exemplary embodiment shown in , the diffraction patterns DFP-1 in the even rows (e.g., the second row, the fourth row, and the sixth row) are offset from the corresponding diffraction patterns DFP-1 in the odd rows (e.g., the first row, the third row, and the fifth row) in the first direction DR1 by a distance of about the diameter d1 of the diffraction pattern DFP-1. However, in an optional embodiment, the arrangement of the offset patterns and the distance of the pattern offset may be changed. The diffraction patterns DFP-1 may be arranged in a row in the first direction DR1, and each of the diffraction patterns DFP-1 that are close to each other in the second direction DR2 may be arranged to be close to each other in the diagonal direction.

[0107] Figures 9 to 11 is a perspective view of a diffraction pattern according to other exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept.

[0108] Reference Fig. 9, the diffraction pattern layer DFP-2 may be disposed on the encapsulation layer ECL and have a single layer shape in which a plurality of diffraction pattern holes DFP-H are defined, the plurality of diffraction pattern holes DFP-H having an engraved cylindrical shape. The diffraction pattern holes DFP-H may be defined to penetrate the diffraction pattern layer DFP-2. Figure 7B and Figure 8B The plurality of diffraction patterns DFP and the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP-1 respectively shown in FIG. 1 have a shape protruding from the encapsulation layer ECL toward the light emission direction (eg, the third direction DR3), but in FIG. Fig. 9 The diffraction pattern hole DFP-H shown in FIG. 4 may be in a direction opposite to the light emission direction, such as in a direction from the diffraction pattern layer DFP-2 to the encapsulation layer ECL.

[0109] Reference Fig.10 , the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP-3 may have a square column shape. When viewed from above (eg, from the third direction DR3), the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP-3 may have a quadrilateral shape. Fig.10 exemplarily shown as having a square column shape that is a square shape when viewed in a plane, but the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP-3 are not limited thereto and may have various square column shapes for diffracting light emitted from the display element. The diffraction patterns DFP-3 in adjacent columns overlap with each other in the direction in which the rows extend. The diffraction patterns DFP-3 in adjacent rows overlap with each other in the direction in which the columns extend. However, in other exemplary embodiments, the diffraction patterns DFP-3 in adjacent columns and / or in adjacent rows may be offset from each other (e.g., offset from each other in the first direction DR1 or the second direction DR2).

[0110] Reference Fig.11 , when viewed from above (e.g., in the third direction DR3), the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP-4 may be arranged to have a strip shape. Each of the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP-4 may each extend continuously in the first direction DR1. The diffraction patterns DFP-4 may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the second direction DR2. In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP-4 may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape. However, in other exemplary embodiments, the diffraction patterns DFP-4 may have different shapes. When the diffraction patterns DFP-4 are as shown in FIG. Fig.11When the diffraction pattern DFP-4 is shown in the figure extending in the first direction DR1 and spaced apart in the second direction DR2 perpendicular to the first direction DR1, the duplicated image generated by the diffraction pattern DFP-4 can be arranged only in the second direction DR2. In an optional embodiment, the diffraction pattern DFP-4 can be arranged in a strip extending continuously in the second direction DR2 and spaced apart in the first direction DR1. In other embodiments, the diffraction pattern DFP-4 can be arranged in a strip shape extending in a diagonal direction rather than in the first direction DR1 or the second direction DR2.

[0111] Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a display module according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. Fig.13 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a path along which light travels in a display module according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. Fig.12 Schematically illustrates an optical path of a light beam generated from a display element (eg, an organic light emitting element OLED) according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, and Fig.13 Schematically shows Fig.12 For the convenience of description, Fig.12 and Fig.13 Only one cross section of the display module DM taken along a line parallel to the first direction DR1 is shown, but the display module DM according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept to be described later may also have the same configuration as that of the cross section of the display module DM taken along a line parallel to the second direction DR2.

[0112] Refer to the attached Fig.12 and Fig.13 , a display element (e.g., an organic light emitting element OLED) according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may generate a light beam L1 and a light beam L2. However, generating the light beam L1 and the light beam L2 is for the convenience of description, and the generation of the light beam is not limited thereto. The first light beam L1 may travel upward in a third direction DR3 perpendicular to the display surface IS. The first light beam L1 may pass through the buffer layer BFL, the encapsulation layer ECL, and the diffraction pattern DFP without being diffracted by the diffraction pattern DFP. The first light beam L1 may display each of the pixel unit images IM on the display surface IS.

[0113] The light beams other than the first light beam L1 generated from the display element may be defined as side light beams. For convenience of description, Fig.12 The side beam shown in FIG. 1 is only the second beam L2 . The second beam L2 may form a first angle θ1 with the first beam L1 .

[0114] The second light beam L2 may pass through the buffer layer BFL in a direction forming a first angle θ1 with the first light beam L1. Due to the refractive index difference between the buffer layer BFL and the encapsulation layer ECL, the second light beam L2 may be first refracted at the interface between the buffer layer BFL and the encapsulation layer ECL. The second light beam L2 first refracted at the interface between the buffer layer BFL and the encapsulation layer ECL may form a second angle θ2 with respect to the normal direction of the interface (e.g., the third direction DR3). In an exemplary embodiment, the second angle θ2 may be smaller than the first angle θ1.

[0115] The second light beam L2 refracted at the second angle θ2 may be incident on the encapsulation layer ECL. The second light beam L2 may pass through the encapsulation layer ECL to be incident on the diffraction pattern DFP. The incident second light beam L2 may be diffracted by the diffraction pattern DFP.

[0116] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, a constant interval PA1 (see Fig. 7A ) can diffract the light beam L2 incident at a specific angle θ2 with the first light beam L1 among the incident light beams, thereby displaying the replica unit image IM' on the display surface IS. The second light beam L2 can be incident on the diffraction pattern DFP at a specific angle θ2 for displaying the replica unit image IM'.

[0117] According to the present exemplary embodiment, the second light beam L2 emitted from the display element at the first angle θ1 with the first light beam L1 may be transmitted and refracted by the intervening members BFL and ECL to be incident on the diffraction pattern DFP at the second angle θ2.

[0118] In the present exemplary embodiment, a distance from a top surface of the display element to a top surface of the encapsulation layer ECL on which the diffraction pattern DFP is arranged may be defined as an optical distance Z. In exemplary embodiments, the optical distance Z may be about 50 μm to about 300 μm both inclusive.

[0119] As described above, the diffraction pattern DFP may diffract the second light beam L2 to display the replica unit image IM' on the display surface IS.

[0120] like Fig.13As shown in , each of the second light beams L2 may include a first sub-beam L21 and a second sub-beam L22. The first sub-beam L21 and the second sub-beam L22 may be incident on diffraction patterns DFP different from each other, respectively. The first sub-beam L21 and the second sub-beam L22 may be parallel to each other and extend at a second angle θ2 formed relative to a normal direction n (e.g., a third direction DR3) of the encapsulation layer ECL. A difference in optical path may occur between the first sub-beam L21 and the second sub-beam L22, and the difference in the optical path may be defined as a first distance R.

[0121] According to the present embodiment, the first sub-beam L21 and the second sub-beam L22 may constructively interfere with each other by being diffracted by the diffraction pattern DFP. A phase difference may occur between the first sub-beam L21 and the second sub-beam L22, and the phase difference may correspond to the wavelength λ of the second beam L2. Therefore, the first distance R may be proportional to the wavelength λ of the second beam L2. The first sub-beam L21 and the second sub-beam L22 that have constructively interfered may display one of the replicated unit images IM' on the display surface IS.

[0122] Fig.14 FIG. 1 is a front view of a replicated unit image formed on a display surface by a diffracted light beam according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig.14 Only one light emitting area PXA among the plurality of light emitting areas PXA is shown in FIG.

[0123] The display surface IS according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept includes a plurality of light emitting regions PXA displaying a pixel unit image IM and a plurality of replication regions PRA displaying a replication unit image IM'. The plurality of replication regions PRA are arranged to surround each of the light emitting regions PXA. In the present embodiment, the replication regions PRA may be defined on both sides of the light emitting region PXA in the first direction DR1 and on both sides of the light emitting region PXA in the second direction DR2. The shape of each of the light emitting regions PXA may be the same as the shape of each of the replication regions PRA. Fig.14 In the embodiment, each of the light emitting area PXA and the replication area PRA may have a rhombus shape. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited to a specific shape.

[0124] The light emitting region PXA and the replication region PRA may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other. A distance between an approximate center of the light emitting region PXA and a replication region PRA adjacent to the light emitting region PXA in the first direction DR1 may be defined as a replication interval PP. In an exemplary embodiment, the replication interval PP may be about 25 μm or less.

[0125] According to this exemplary embodiment, the first light beam L1 among the light beams generated from the above-mentioned display element (e.g., the organic light emitting element OLED) passes through the intervening member (buffer layer BFL and encapsulation layer ECL) to display the pixel unit image IM in the light emitting area PXA of the display surface IS. The shape of the pixel unit image IM may correspond to the planar shape of the display element. In addition, the second light beam L2 among the light beams generated from the display element passes through the intervening member (buffer layer BFL and encapsulation layer ECL) to display the replica unit image IM' in the replica area PRA of the display surface IS. The shape of each of the replica unit images IM' may be the same as the shape of the pixel unit image IM. The display module DM may display an image to the user in the form of a mixture of the pixel unit image IM and the replica unit image IM'.

[0126] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of unit images IM and IM' can be displayed on a display surface IS by using light generated from at least one display element. In other words, each of the unit images provided from at least one display element can be replicated into a plurality. A replication area PRA in which the unit images are separately displayed can be formed in a non-luminous area defined by a pixel-defining film PDL between luminous areas PXA on an existing display surface IS. Therefore, a phenomenon in which a non-luminous area may be observed from the outside can be prevented. Therefore, the display quality of the display device DD can be improved.

[0127] Fig.15 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a display module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept. Fig.15 For related descriptions, refer to Fig.12 The components described are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a description of these components will not be given.

[0128] Reference Fig.15 , the display module according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may further include an inorganic film IOL covering the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP. The inorganic film IOL may be disposed to cover the top surface and the side surface of the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP and contact a portion of the top surface of the encapsulation layer ECL exposed by the gaps between the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP. The inorganic film IOL may include silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO x N y ). The inorganic film IOL can prevent the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP that may include an organic material from being damaged due to process conditions (such as a high temperature condition that may occur in a subsequent process). When the display device DD includes the inorganic film IOL covering the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP, the cover layer CVL (see Figure 2 ) can be set on top of the inorganic film IOL.

[0129] Fig.16 is a perspective view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, and Fig.17 yes Fig.16 A perspective view of the display device shown in FIG. 1 when being used by a user. Fig.18 yes Fig.16 A schematic cross-sectional view of a display device shown in FIG.

[0130] For the convenience of description, mainly describe the difference with the exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept described previously, and the omitted description is consistent with the embodiment described previously.In addition, the components described previously are represented by the same reference numerals, and repeated description of these components will not be given.

[0131] Refer to the attached Figures 16 to 18 , the display device DD-1 according to another exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may be a head mounted display (HMD). For example, the display device DD-1 according to this exemplary embodiment may be worn on the head of the user US. The display device DD-1 may display images to the user US while blocking the user's peripheral vision. Therefore, the display device DD-1 may provide a more immersive virtual reality presentation for the user US wearing the display device DD-1.

[0132] The display device DD-1 according to the present exemplary embodiment includes a main body BD, a cover CVR and a display module DM. The main body BD can be worn on the head of the user US. The main body BD can be equipped with a separate band so that the display device DD-1 can be worn on the head of the user US. The main body BD may include an optical system OS. In addition to the optical system OS, the main body BD may accommodate components with various functions. For example, an operating unit for adjusting the volume, screen brightness, etc. may be additionally provided on the outer surface of the main body BD. The operating unit may be provided in the form of a physical button, a touch sensor, etc. In addition, a proximity sensor for determining whether the user US is wearing the display device DD-1 may also be accommodated in the main body BD.

[0133] The cover portion CVR may cover the main body portion BD. The cover portion CVR may protect components accommodated in the main body portion BD.

[0134] The display module DM may be disposed between the cover portion CVR and the body portion BD. The cover portion CVR may cover the display module DM and may be combined with the body portion BD. Therefore, the display module DM may be protected by the cover portion CVR and the body portion BD. The display module DM may define a display surface IS. The display surface IS may be parallel to a plane defined by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. An image may be displayed in a partial area of ​​the display surface IS. The direction in which the image may be displayed is a third direction DR3, and when the user US wears the display device DD-1, the third direction DR3 may be defined as a direction from the display device DD-1 to the user US.

[0135] The display surface IS may include a right-eye image display area R_DA, a left-eye image display area L_DA, and a non-display area NDA.

[0136] The right eye image display area R_DA and the left eye image display area L_DA may be disposed to be spaced apart in the first direction DR1. The non-display area NDA may be defined to surround each of the right eye image display area R_DA and the left eye image display area L_DA and a space therebetween.

[0137] The right-eye image display area R_DA may display an image to the user US in the right eye, and the left-eye image display area L_DA may display an image to the user US in the left eye.

[0138] According to this exemplary embodiment, the optical system OS may be disposed to be spaced apart from the display panel DP in the third direction DR3 in which the image is displayed. The optical system OS may be disposed between the display module DM and the eye US_E of the user US.

[0139] The optical system OS may magnify the image from the display surface IS of the display module DM and provide the magnified image to the user US. The optical system OS may include a right-eye optical system OS_R and a left-eye optical system OS_L. The left-eye optical system OS_L may magnify the image to provide the magnified image to the left pupil of the user US, and the right-eye optical system OS_R may magnify the image to provide the magnified image to the right pupil of the user US. In this exemplary embodiment, the optical system OS may include at least one convex spherical lens or at least one aspherical lens.

[0140] The other components of the display module DM are the same as those of the display module in the above-described embodiment, and thus a description of these components will not be given.

[0141] Since the image from the display surface IS is magnified by the optical system OS in the case of a head-mounted display, the phenomenon that the non-luminous area is visible to the user may be more obvious than in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiment without a head-mounted display. However, according to the present exemplary embodiment, even if the image of the display surface IS is magnified by the optical system OS, the phenomenon that the non-luminous area is observed from the outside can be reduced.

[0142] Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0143] FIG. 19A to FIG. 19E are cross-sectional views sequentially illustrating some steps of a method of manufacturing a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. FIG. 19A to FIG. 19E The formation of a plurality of diffraction patterns in a method for manufacturing a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept is focused on and illustrated. Hereinafter, the components described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of these components will not be given.

[0144] Reference Fig.19A and Fig.19B , a method for manufacturing a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes forming a plurality of display elements on a substrate. Hereinafter, the plurality of display elements are described as a plurality of organic light-emitting elements OLED. However, the plurality of display elements are not limited thereto, and various light-emitting elements may be formed in the method for manufacturing a display device according to this exemplary embodiment.

[0145] The forming of the plurality of display elements may include providing a base layer BSL, forming a circuit layer CRL on the base layer BSL, and forming a pixel layer PXL including an organic light emitting element OLED on the circuit layer CRL. The forming of the plurality of display elements may further include forming a buffer layer BFL on the pixel layer PXL.

[0146] The manufacturing method may include forming an encapsulation layer ECL on a plurality of organic light emitting elements OLED to cover the organic light emitting elements OLED. The encapsulation layer ECL may be a transparent insulating substrate. The formation of the encapsulation layer ECL may include combining a transparent insulating substrate such as a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, and a transparent resin substrate by using a sealing member. The encapsulation layer ECL may have an inorganic layer and an organic layer alternately stacked in a form. In this case, an inorganic layer may be formed at the top of the encapsulation layer ECL.

[0147] The manufacturing method of the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes coating the top surface of the encapsulation layer ECL with an organic material to form an organic film OL. There is no particular limitation on the organic material. The organic material can be used to form a diffraction pattern and can be selected according to the wavelength of the light to be diffracted. In an embodiment, the organic material can be an organic material including silicon (Si). In an exemplary embodiment, the organic material can include an acrylic or siloxane material. The organic material can include a photosensitive material.

[0148] Reference Fig.19C and Fig.19D , a method for manufacturing a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may include exposing a top surface of an organic film OL to light L through a mask MSK having openings formed at constant intervals. When the top surface of the organic film OL is exposed to the light L through the mask MSK, a plurality of diffraction patterns DFP arranged at constant intervals may be formed. In an exemplary embodiment, since the openings of the mask MSK are defined to be arranged at constant intervals in the first direction DR1, and the organic film OL is exposed to the light L at constant intervals in the first direction DR1, a plurality of diffraction patterns DFP may be patterned.

[0149] In an exemplary embodiment, the organic film OL may include a photosensitive material, and a positive photoresist may be used so that a region of the organic film OL exposed to the light L may be removed. Alternatively, a negative photoresist may be used so that a region of the organic film OL not exposed to the light L may be removed. In some exemplary embodiments, the mask MSK may also allow partial transmission of the light L so that only a portion of the photoresist may be removed.

[0150] When an inorganic film is formed using an inorganic material and then the inorganic material is patterned to form a plurality of diffraction patterns, a separate process of photosensitive pattern formation, dry etching, and photosensitive pattern removal is required to form the inorganic film pattern. Therefore, the process may be complicated, and damage may be caused to the encapsulation layer, etc. during the dry etching process. In addition, when the photosensitive pattern is removed, damage may be caused to the plurality of diffraction patterns, thereby reducing the optical efficiency of the display device.

[0151] In the manufacturing method of the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of diffraction patterns formed on the display element for diffracting the light generated in the display element can be formed using organic materials. More specifically, in the manufacturing method of the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an organic film can be formed on the display element using organic materials. The organic film can be patterned by photolithography or the like to form a plurality of diffraction patterns. Since a plurality of diffraction patterns are formed using organic materials in the manufacturing method of the display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the steps of forming and removing separate photosensitive patterns and the dry etching process for etching the inorganic film can be omitted. Therefore, the process can be simplified and foreign matter can be prevented from being generated in the process. In addition, since damage to the encapsulation layer and the plurality of diffraction patterns can be prevented by omitting the process steps, the optical efficiency of the display device can be improved.

[0152] Reference Fig.19E The method for manufacturing a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may further include forming an inorganic film IOL by depositing an inorganic material on the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP. The inorganic material may include silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO x N y In an exemplary embodiment, by forming the inorganic film IOL covering the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP, it is possible to prevent the plurality of diffraction patterns DFP including an organic material from being damaged due to conditions (such as high temperature conditions) that may occur in subsequent processes.

[0153] According to the exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept, by using an organic material instead of an inorganic material to form a diffraction pattern, the process steps for forming the diffraction pattern can be reduced, and the diffraction pattern and the sealing member can be prevented from being damaged. Therefore, the process of manufacturing the display device can be simplified, thereby reducing costs, and improving the reliability and image quality of the display device.

[0154] Although exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept have been described herein, it should be understood that those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present inventive concept as defined by the appended claims or their equivalents.

[0155] Thus, the scope of the inventive concept is to be determined by the broadest permissible interpretation of the following claims and their equivalents, and shall not be restricted or limited by the foregoing detailed description.

Claims

1. A display device comprising a display module configured to define a display surface, in, The display module comprises: The display panel includes a plurality of Display components; a plurality of diffraction patterns spaced at constant intervals on the display panel, the diffraction patterns configured to diffract at least some of the light beams emitted from the plurality of display elements; and an encapsulation layer disposed between the plurality of display elements and the plurality of diffraction patterns, wherein bottom surfaces of the plurality of diffraction patterns directly contact a top surface of the encapsulation layer, Wherein, the plurality of diffraction patterns include organic materials.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein: The at least some of the light beams diffracted by the plurality of diffraction patterns constructively interfere.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein: The plurality of display elements are configured to display pixel-unit images on the display surface, The light beams that have constructively interfered are configured to display one or more replicated unit images adjacent to the pixel unit image on the display surface, The image is defined by the pixel unit image and the replication unit image.

4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the plurality of display elements includes an organic light emitting element.

5. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising an optical system disposed in a path of light emitted from the display module and configured to magnify the image; in, The display surface includes a left-eye image display area and a right-eye image display area.

6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of diffraction patterns are spaced apart from adjacent diffraction patterns on the display panel at a first interval in a first direction, and The plurality of display elements are spaced apart from adjacent display elements in the display panel at a second interval in the first direction, wherein each of the first intervals is smaller than each of the second intervals. 7 . The display device according to claim 1 , further comprising a covering layer configured to cover the plurality of diffraction patterns and flatten tops of the plurality of diffraction patterns.

8. A method for manufacturing a display device, the method comprising: forming a plurality of display elements on a substrate; forming an encapsulation layer configured to cover the plurality of display elements; coating a top surface of the encapsulation layer with an organic material to form an organic film; as well as The organic film is patterned to form a plurality of diffraction patterns, wherein bottom surfaces of the plurality of diffraction patterns directly contact the top surface of the encapsulation layer.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein: The patterning of the organic film includes forming the plurality of diffraction patterns by exposing the organic film to light through a mask and then developing the exposed organic film.

Images