A detachable retaining wall facilitating real-time observation of filling progress and its application method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detachable retaining wall for real-time observation of the filling progress and its application method. A mounting limit groove is constructed in a circular shape in a rock-drilling roadway connected to the goaf to be filled. Vertical and horizontal drainage ditches are constructed on the roadway floor. A retaining wall composed of hollow columns and high-strength baffles is installed in the mounting limit groove. During filling, the accumulated water is mainly discharged through the water filtration holes on the high-strength baffles of the retaining wall. When it is necessary to observe the filling progress in real time, the drainage function of the vertical and horizontal drainage ditches is closed by changing the water filtration channels on the hollow columns of the retaining wall, so that the accumulated filling water in the goaf can only be discharged through the water filtration holes on the hollow columns, and the water filtration position can be directly observed, thereby realizing the real-time observation of the filling progress, ensuring the filling quality such as full roof contact, and making the originally invisible and intangible goaf filling work controllable. After the filling is completed, the retaining wall can be detached and reused, and personnel and equipment can directly enter the filling body for secondary construction, avoiding the construction obstacles caused by building a solid retaining wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of goaf filling in mines, and particularly relates to a detachable retaining wall for real-time observation of filling progress and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The goaf is a major threat faced in mine exploitation. There are many methods for dealing with goafs. From the perspective of eliminating potential hazards, the filling method has the best effect and the most mature technology application.

[0003] When using the filling method to handle the goaf, the quality of filling directly affects the stability of the surrounding rock of the goaf and the safety of the next-step mining. To inspect the filling quality, samples of the filling body must be taken, and finally relevant parameters for evaluating the quality are obtained through experimental methods.

[0004] However, the conventional filling retaining wall is a reinforced concrete solid retaining wall, which is completely closed before the goaf filling and cannot be opened and disassembled. This undoubtedly causes great difficulties in sampling work. Especially after the filling is completed, when secondary construction needs to be carried out on the filling body (such as driving a roadway in the filling body), the reinforced concrete solid retaining wall becomes an obstacle to construction, preventing personnel and equipment from entering the filling body for construction.

[0005] In addition, using the conventional filling retaining wall is not conducive to observing the filling progress. Because the reinforced concrete retaining wall is a solid closed retaining wall, the goaf filling is carried out in a closed space, and the filling progress cannot be observed in real time. When the goaf is filled in stages, this disadvantage is even more obvious. Especially when the filling body approaches the roof position of the goaf, it is necessary to fully master the filling progress and carry out roof contact filling for the goaf. At this time, due to the obstruction of the reinforced concrete retaining wall, the construction personnel have no way of knowing the roof contact situation in the goaf, which greatly increases the difficulty of roof contact and even causes a large-area empty roof phenomenon, posing a safety hazard to the next-step adjacent stope mining.

[0006] Currently, the drainage of the goaf filled generally reserves a drain pipe at the middle position of the solid filling retaining wall, and the accumulated water in the goaf is discharged to the outside of the goaf through this drain pipe. The drainage speed is slow and the filling condition in the goaf cannot be judged. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a retaining wall that can not only observe the filling progress in real time but also be disassembled and reused, so that the retaining wall can block the overflow of the filling body during the filling process, and can be disassembled to eliminate obstacles after the filling is completed, creating convenient conditions for filling sampling and secondary construction.

[0008] The detachable retaining wall provided by the present invention for facilitating real-time observation of the filling progress includes a hollow column and a high-strength baffle. The hollow column includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved with equal length. The hollow column is arranged obliquely towards the goaf; both ends of the outer cylinder are respectively inserted and fixed into the roof and floor of the drift. The inner cylinder can rotate relative to the outer cylinder; the side wall of the outer cylinder is circumferentially divided into four regions, and water filtering holes are only arranged in two of the opposite regions. When the outer cylinder is fixed, these two regions are used as the side close to the goaf and the side far from the goaf; the side wall of the inner cylinder is circumferentially divided into four regions, and the side wall is axially divided into two sections. The upper section corresponds to the height of the drift, and the lower section is the lower insertion section on the floor of the drift. The upper section is provided with the same water filtering hole arrangement as the outer cylinder, and the lower section selects the other two opposite regions to set water filtering holes; a transverse groove is arranged in the middle of a region with water filtering holes on the outer cylinder, and an operating handle is arranged at the corresponding position of the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder can rotate relative to the outer cylinder by one region along the transverse groove through the operating handle; a drainage notch is arranged at the bottom of the hollow column, and this drainage notch on the inner cylinder is located in one of the regions without water filtering holes; there are multiple high-strength baffles. Each high-strength baffle is a rectangular plate with an inner cavity, and water filtering holes are arranged at its bottom and the side close to the goaf; multiple high-strength baffles are respectively spliced on the left and right sides of the hollow column, and their upper and lower sides are respectively inserted into the roof of the drift and the transverse limiting grooves on the roof. The high-strength baffle close to the side wall of the drift is inserted into the longitudinal limiting groove on the side wall.

[0009] In an implementation manner of the above technical solution, the diameter of the hollow column is greater than the thickness of the high-strength baffle.

[0010] The second object of the present invention is to provide an installation construction and application method of the above retaining wall in a drift, and this method includes the following steps:

[0011] I. Construction of limiting grooves and drainage ditches

[0012] (1) Construct an upper transverse limiting groove on the roof of the drift in the upper part of the goaf to be filled. Construct longitudinal limiting grooves communicating with the transverse limiting groove on both side walls of the drift respectively. The upper transverse limiting groove and the longitudinal limiting grooves are all inclined towards the goaf;

[0013] (2) Construct a transverse drainage ditch between the lower ends corresponding to the longitudinal limiting grooves on the floor of the drift;

[0014] (3) Construct a longitudinal drainage ditch communicating with the middle position of the transverse drainage ditch on the floor of the drift;

[0015] (4) Construct a lower transverse limiting groove directly above the transverse drainage ditch. The width of the lower transverse limiting groove is greater than the width of the transverse drainage ditch. The upper and lower transverse limiting grooves and the left and right longitudinal limiting grooves are used for installing high-strength baffles;

[0016] (5) Construct upper and lower slots at the middle positions of the upper and lower horizontal limit slots respectively, which are used to fix the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder of the hollow column. The bottom surface of the lower slot is flush with the bottom surface of the longitudinal drainage ditch;

[0017] II. Retaining Wall Installation

[0018] (1) Insert the upper and lower ends of the hollow column into the upper and lower slots respectively for fixation. The two water filtering hole areas on the outer cylinder of the hollow column are located on the side close to the goaf and the side far from the goaf respectively. The drainage notch at the bottom of the hollow column is aligned with the longitudinal drainage ditch;

[0019] (2) Install the high-strength baffle plates into the upper and lower horizontal limit slots and the longitudinal limit slot with the water filtering hole side facing the goaf, and splice them to form a retaining wall inclined towards the goaf;

[0020] III. Water Filtration Regulation of Hollow Column

[0021] During the filling process, the water filtering channels of the corresponding roadway height sections on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are closed by staggering the water filtering hole setting areas, while the water filtering channels on the lower insertion section inserted into the transverse drainage ditch are opened. The filling accumulated water is discharged from the water filtering holes on the high-strength baffle plates to the transverse drainage ditch, and then enters the longitudinal drainage ditch from the hollow column and is discharged;

[0022] When it is necessary to observe the filling progress in real time, rotate the inner cylinder by one area through the operating handle to align the water filtering hole setting areas on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder corresponding to the roadway height section to open the water filtering channels of the corresponding section of the hollow column, while the water filtering channels on the lower insertion section inserted into the transverse drainage ditch are closed. At this time, the drainage functions of the transverse drainage ditch and the longitudinal drainage ditch are closed, and the accumulated water in the goaf can only overflow through the water filtering channels on the corresponding roadway height section of the hollow column. At this time, observing the highest position of the water drainage from the water filtering holes on the hollow column can determine the filling progress in the goaf;

[0023] IV. Retaining Wall Disassembly

[0024] After the filling is completed and the filling body is consolidated, disassemble the high-strength baffle plates and the hollow column. Workers and equipment can directly sample the filling body in the goaf or perform secondary construction. The disassembled retaining wall can be reused.

[0025] In the present invention, a circle of installation limit grooves is constructed in the drift for rock drilling connected to the gob to be backfilled. Vertical and horizontal drainage ditches are constructed on the drift floor. A retaining wall composed of hollow columns and high-strength baffles is installed in the installation limit grooves. During backfilling, the accumulated water is mainly discharged through the water filtering holes on the high-strength baffles of the retaining wall. When it is necessary to observe the backfilling progress in real time, the drainage function of the vertical and horizontal drainage ditches is closed, so that the accumulated water in the gob can only be discharged through the water filtering holes on the hollow columns. In this way, the backfilling progress can be accurately judged by the highest water drainage hole position of the water filtering holes on the hollow columns of the retaining wall, thus ensuring the backfilling quality such as full roof contact, and overcoming the potential safety hazards in the next mining of adjacent stopes due to unqualified backfilling quality in the prior art. In addition, the retaining wall is installed around in the installation limit grooves on the drift wall and is of a spliced structure, which can be disassembled and reused after backfilling, solving the problems that the backfilling retaining wall in the prior art cannot be opened and is difficult to recycle. At the same time, no trace is left after the retaining wall is disassembled, and personnel and equipment can directly enter the backfilled body for secondary construction, avoiding the construction obstacles caused by building a solid retaining wall. More importantly, by changing the water filtering channels on the hollow columns of the retaining wall, the water filtering position can be directly observed, so as to realize the real-time observation of the backfilling progress, making the originally invisible and intangible gob backfilling work observable, adjustable and controllable, greatly reducing the backfilling management difficulty, reducing the backfilling cost, and having great practical significance for the scientific scheduling of backfilling work in mines, flexibly adjusting the mining and backfilling plans, and promoting the balance between mining and backfilling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic cross-sectional view along the length direction of the drift for rock drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view in the direction of A in

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the schematic view B-B in

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the schematic view C-C in

[0030] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the enlarged view of part D in DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] It can be seen from Figure 2 that the detachable retaining wall for facilitating the real-time observation of the backfilling progress disclosed in this embodiment includes a hollow column 1 and a high-strength baffle 2. The hollow column 1 corresponds to the middle position in the width direction of the drift for rock drilling, and multiple high-strength baffles 2 are spliced on its left and right sides. The diameter of the hollow column 1 is larger than the thickness of the high-strength baffle 2.

[0032] Combined withFigure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the hollow column 1 includes an inner cylinder 11 and an outer cylinder 12 which are sleeved with equal lengths, and the hollow column is arranged obliquely towards the goaf.

[0033] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the upper end of the outer cylinder 11 is inserted into the upper slot SCC on the roof of the rock-drilling roadway and the lower end is inserted into the lower slot XCC on the floor for fixation.

[0034] Filter holes LSK are provided on both the outer cylinder 12 and the inner cylinder 11, and in order to realize the opening and closing of the water filtration channel between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder 11 can rotate relative to the outer cylinder 12.

[0035] In this embodiment, the side wall of the outer cylinder 12 is circumferentially divided into four regions, and filter holes LSK are only provided in two of the opposite regions. When the outer cylinder is fixed, these two regions are used as the side close to the goaf and the side far from the goaf.

[0036] The side wall of the inner cylinder 11 corresponding to the roadway height section and the lower insertion section is circumferentially divided into four regions. The filter holes LSK are arranged on the side wall of the corresponding roadway height section in the same way as that of the outer cylinder in this section, and filter holes are provided in the other two opposite regions of the lower insertion section.

[0037] As Figure 2 and Figure 5 shown, a transverse groove 121 is provided in the middle of one of the regions with filter holes on the outer cylinder 12, and an operating handle 111 is provided at the corresponding position of the inner cylinder 11. The inner cylinder 11 can rotate relative to the outer cylinder 12 by one region along the transverse groove through the operating handle 111.

[0038] A drainage notch is provided at the bottom of the hollow column 1, and this drainage notch on the inner cylinder is located in one of the regions without filter holes.

[0039] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, there are multiple high-strength baffles 2. Each high-strength baffle 2 is a rectangular plate with an inner cavity, and filter holes LSK are provided at its bottom and on the side close to the goaf.

[0040] High-strength baffles 2 are respectively spliced on the left and right sides of the hollow column 1. The upper side of the high-strength baffle is inserted into the upper transverse limiting groove SXW on the roof of the rock-drilling roadway, the lower side is inserted into the lower transverse groove XXW on the floor, and the high-strength baffle corresponding to the side wall of the rock-drilling roadway is inserted into the longitudinal limiting groove ZXW on the side wall.

[0041] The construction method for installing the retaining wall in the roadway in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0042] I. Construction of Installation Grooves and Drainage Channels

[0043] (1) Construct the upper horizontal limiting groove SXW on the roof of the rock-drilling roadway above the goaf to be backfilled, and construct the vertical limiting grooves ZXW communicating with the horizontal limiting groove on the sidewalls of the rock-drilling roadway respectively. The vertical limiting grooves are inclined towards the goaf.

[0044] (2) Construct the horizontal drainage channel HG between the lower ends corresponding to the vertical limiting grooves on the floor of the rock-drilling roadway.

[0045] (3) Construct the vertical drainage channel ZG communicating with the middle position of the horizontal drainage channel on the floor of the rock-drilling roadway.

[0046] (4) Construct the lower horizontal limiting groove XXW on the upper side directly above the horizontal drainage channel. The width of the lower horizontal limiting groove is greater than that of the horizontal drainage channel. The upper and lower horizontal limiting grooves and the left and right vertical limiting grooves are used to install high-strength baffles.

[0047] (5) Construct the upper insertion slot and the lower insertion slot at the middle positions of the upper horizontal limiting groove and the lower horizontal limiting groove respectively, which are used to fix the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder of the hollow column. The bottom surface of the lower insertion slot is flush with the bottom surface of the vertical drainage channel.

[0048] II. Installation of Retaining Wall

[0049] (1) Insert the upper and lower ends of the hollow column into the upper insertion slot and the lower insertion slot respectively for fixation. The water-filtering hole areas on the outer cylinder of the hollow column are located on the side close to the goaf and the side far from the goaf respectively. At the same time, pay attention to aligning the drainage notch at the bottom of the hollow column with the vertical drainage channel, so that the accumulated water entering the hollow column can directly drain into the vertical drainage channel through this notch.

[0050] (2) Install the high-strength baffle with the side having water-filtering holes facing the goaf in the upper and lower horizontal limiting grooves and the vertical limiting grooves, and splice them to form a retaining wall inclined towards the goaf.

[0051] III. Water Filtration Regulation of Hollow Column

[0052] During the backfilling process, stagger the water-filtering hole setting areas on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder corresponding to the roadway height section to close the water-filtering channel of this section of the hollow column, while open the water-filtering channel on the lower insertion section inserted into the horizontal drainage channel. The accumulated water during backfilling drains from the water-filtering holes on the high-strength baffle to the horizontal drainage channel, and then enters the vertical drainage channel through the hollow column and is discharged.

[0053] When real-time observation of the filling progress is required, rotate the inner cylinder by an area through the operating handle to align the water filtering hole setting areas corresponding to the roadway height sections on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, opening the water filtering channels of the hollow columns in this section. At the same time, the water filtering channels on the lower insertion section inserted into the transverse drainage ditch are closed. At this time, the drainage functions of the transverse drainage ditch and the longitudinal drainage ditch are turned off, and the accumulated water in the goaf can only overflow through the water filtering channels corresponding to the roadway height sections of the hollow columns. At this time, observing the highest position of the water drainage through the water filtering holes on the hollow columns can determine the filling progress in the goaf.

[0054] IV. Retaining Wall Demolition

[0055] After the filling is completed and the filling body is consolidated, the high-strength baffle and the hollow columns are demolished. Workers and equipment can directly sample the filling body in the goaf or perform secondary construction. The demolished retaining wall can be reused.

[0056] In this invention, a limit groove is installed in a circle in the drifting roadway connected to the goaf to be filled. Longitudinal and transverse drainage ditches are constructed on the roadway floor. A retaining wall composed of hollow columns and high-strength baffles is installed in the installed limit groove. During filling, the accumulated water is mainly discharged through the water filtering holes on the high-strength baffle of the retaining wall. When real-time observation of the filling progress is needed, the drainage functions of the longitudinal and transverse drainage ditches are turned off, so that the accumulated filling water in the goaf can only be discharged through the water filtering holes on the hollow columns. In this way, the filling progress can be accurately judged by the highest water drainage hole position of the water filtering holes on the hollow columns of the retaining wall, thus ensuring the filling quality such as full roof contact, and overcoming the potential safety hazards in the next-step mining of adjacent stopes caused by unqualified filling quality in the prior art. In addition, the retaining wall is installed in the installed limit groove on the roadway wall around its perimeter and is of a spliced structure. It can be disassembled and reused after the filling is completed, solving the problems of the non-openable and difficult-to-recycle filling retaining wall in the prior art. At the same time, no trace is left after the retaining wall is demolished, and personnel and equipment can directly enter the filling body for secondary construction, avoiding the construction obstacles caused by building a solid retaining wall. More importantly, by changing the water filtering channels on the hollow columns of the retaining wall, the water filtering position can be directly observed, thus realizing the real-time observation of the filling progress, making the goaf filling work, which was originally invisible and intangible, observable, adjustable, and controllable, greatly reducing the filling management difficulty, lowering the filling cost, and having great practical significance for the scientific scheduling of filling work in mines, flexibly adjusting the mining and filling plan, and promoting the balance between mining and filling.

Claims

1. A detachable retaining wall facilitating real-time observation of the filling progress, characterized in that: It includes a hollow column and high-strength baffles. The hollow column consists of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved with equal lengths, and the hollow column is arranged obliquely towards the goaf. Both ends of the outer cylinder are respectively inserted into and fixed in the roof and floor of the rock-drilling roadway, and the inner cylinder can rotate relative to the outer cylinder. The side wall of the outer cylinder is circumferentially divided into four regions, and water filtering holes are only arranged in two opposite regions. When the outer cylinder is fixed, these two regions are used as the side close to the goaf and the side far from the goaf. The side wall of the inner cylinder is circumferentially divided into four regions, and the side wall is axially divided into two sections. The upper section corresponds to the height of the roadway, and the lower section is the lower insertion section on the floor of the roadway. The upper section is provided with the same water filtering hole arrangement as the outer cylinder, and the lower section selects the other two opposite regions to set water filtering holes. A transverse groove is arranged in the middle of a water filtering hole region of the outer cylinder, and an operating handle is arranged at the corresponding position of the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder can rotate relative to the outer cylinder by one region along the transverse groove through the operating handle. A drainage notch is arranged at the bottom of the hollow column, and this drainage notch on the inner cylinder is located in one region without water filtering holes. There are multiple high-strength baffles. Each high-strength baffle is a rectangular plate with an inner cavity, and water filtering holes are arranged at its bottom and the side close to the goaf. Multiple high-strength baffles are respectively spliced on the left and right sides of the hollow column. Their upper and lower sides are respectively inserted into the transverse limiting grooves on the roof of the rock-drilling roadway and the roof, and the high-strength baffle close to the side wall of the rock-drilling roadway is inserted into the longitudinal limiting groove on the side wall.

2. The detachable retaining wall for facilitating real-time observation of the filling progress according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the hollow column is greater than the thickness of the high-strength baffle.

3. An installation construction and application method of the retaining wall described in claim 1 in a rock-drilling roadway, including the following steps: I. Construction of limiting grooves and drainage ditches (1) Construct an upper transverse limiting groove on the roof of the rock-drilling roadway in the upper part of the goaf to be filled. Longitudinal limiting grooves communicating with the transverse limiting groove are respectively constructed on both side walls of the rock-drilling roadway. The upper transverse limiting groove and the longitudinal limiting grooves are all inclined towards the goaf. (2) Construct a transverse drainage ditch between the lower ends corresponding to the longitudinal limiting grooves on the floor of the rock-drilling roadway. (3) Construct a longitudinal drainage ditch communicating with the middle position of the transverse drainage ditch on the floor of the rock-drilling roadway. (4) Construct a lower transverse limiting groove directly above the transverse drainage ditch. The width of the lower transverse limiting groove is greater than the width of the transverse drainage ditch. The upper and lower transverse limiting grooves and the left and right longitudinal limiting grooves are used for installing high-strength baffles. (5) Construct an upper slot and a lower slot at the middle positions of the upper transverse limiting groove and the lower transverse limiting groove respectively, which are respectively used to fix the upper end and the lower end of the outer cylinder of the hollow column. The bottom surface of the lower slot is flush with the bottom surface of the longitudinal drainage ditch. II. Installation of the retaining wall (1) Insert the upper and lower ends of the hollow column into the upper slot and the lower slot respectively for fixation. The two water filtering hole regions on the outer cylinder of the hollow column are respectively located on the side close to the goaf and the side far from the goaf. The drainage notch at the bottom of the hollow column is aligned with the longitudinal drainage ditch. (2) Install the high-strength baffles with the water filtering hole side facing the goaf in the upper and lower transverse limiting grooves and the longitudinal limiting grooves to splice and form a retaining wall inclined towards the goaf. III. Water filtering regulation of the hollow column During the filling process, the water filtration channels of the hollow column in this section are closed by staggering the water filtration hole setting areas corresponding to the roadway height sections on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, while the water filtration channels on the lower insertion section inserted into the transverse drainage ditch are opened. The accumulated water during filling is discharged from the water filtration holes on the high-strength baffle to the transverse drainage ditch, and then enters the longitudinal drainage ditch from the hollow column and is discharged; When it is necessary to observe the filling progress in real time, rotate the inner cylinder by one area through the operating handle to align the water filtration hole setting areas corresponding to the roadway height sections on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, thereby opening the water filtration channels of the hollow column in this section, while closing the water filtration channels on the lower insertion section inserted into the transverse drainage ditch. At this time, the drainage functions of the transverse drainage ditch and the longitudinal drainage ditch are closed, and the accumulated water in the mined-out area can only overflow through the water filtration channels corresponding to the roadway height sections of the hollow column. At this time, observing the highest position of the water drainage from the water filtration holes on the hollow column can determine the filling progress in the mined-out area; IV. Retaining Wall Demolition After the filling is completed and the filling body is consolidated, the high-strength baffle and the hollow column are disassembled. Workers and equipment can directly take samples or perform secondary construction on the filling body in the mined-out area, and the disassembled retaining wall can be reused.

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