A commercial vehicle urea solution thawing and heat preservation device based on exhaust gas heating

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thawing and heat preservation device for a commercial vehicle urea solution based on exhaust gas heating, comprising: a power heating end; and a connecting platform, which is fixed on the outside of the power heating end, and the connecting platform is connected to the power heating end; a turbine transmission shaft, which comprises a first part, a second part, a third part and a fourth part which are coaxially arranged in sequence; the fourth part passes through the connecting platform and is connected to the power heating end; a turbine, which is fixed on the second part; a turbine housing, which is a receiving cavity structure with two ends open, and one end of the turbine housing is connected to the connecting platform; wherein the turbine is rotatably arranged in the receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is connected to the exhaust manifold of the automobile engine; an exhaust gas heat transfer pipeline, one end of which is connected to the other end of the turbine housing, and the other side flows through the outer wall of the urea tank of the automobile and is connected to the exhaust gas discharge pipe. The present invention has the characteristics of saving energy and improving driving efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of exhaust gas utilization and thawing of urea for commercial vehicles in winter, and more specifically, to a thawing and heat preservation device for urea solution of commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating. Background Art

[0002] The rapid economic development and the increasing convenience of road traffic have greatly increased people's demand for road transportation. Commercial vehicles, as the main energy consumers and pollutant emitters in road transportation, still have much room for improvement in terms of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0003] With the implementation of the fifth phase of the national motor vehicle pollutant emission standards, single-vehicle pollution has been reduced by 30%-50%. In order to achieve the above energy-saving and emission-reduction goals, gasoline engines usually use three-way catalytic converters to convert exhaust gas into nitrogen, but three-way catalytic converters cannot catalyze the large amount of NO generated by diesel engines. X and PM, and the exhaust pressure and calorific value in the diesel engine cylinder are much higher than those in the automobile engine, and the three-way catalytic converter cannot withstand its high temperature and pressure.

[0004] Therefore, the automotive urea solution for commercial vehicle emission reduction has become a necessary product for trucks and buses to meet the national five emission standards and above. The national five emission standard automotive urea solution prescribed by the state begins to freeze when the normal temperature is below -11°C. Some manufacturers use additives (ethanol or ethylene glycol) to lower the freezing point of automotive urea to achieve the purpose of antifreeze, but the ethanol in the additive is a flammable and explosive substance. High concentrations of ethanol are very likely to cause damage and corrosion to the exhaust pipe under high temperature conditions; and the market price of -35°C automotive urea solution is about 40% more expensive than ordinary urea solution, which greatly increases the transportation cost of commercial vehicles. Although commercial vehicles currently sold on the market usually have urea tank defrosting and heating functions, they mostly thaw the crystallized urea liquid in the urea tank through the circulation of engine coolant, but due to the single way of cooling liquid heating, the entire thawing process is slow, and the insulation effect of the urea solution is poor when idling.

[0005] Moreover, the power output of commercial vehicle engines accounts for 35% to 45% of the total energy of fuel combustion, and most of the energy is discharged in the form of exhaust gas, cooling water, etc. The waste heat of engine exhaust has the characteristics of high temperature, high pressure, and fast flow rate, and the energy contained in it accounts for the main part of the wasted heat. Therefore, making full use of exhaust gas resources and turning waste into treasure has important research significance and application value. Summary of the invention

[0006] One purpose of the present invention is to design and develop a urea solution thawing and insulation device for commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating, in which the exhaust gas is converted into mechanical energy through the cooperation of the turbine and the turbine drive shaft, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through the cooperation of the turbine drive shaft and the generator, and the electrical energy is converted into thermal energy through the cooperation of the battery and the heat conductive sheet, so that the urea tank is heated and insulated by the secondary heated exhaust gas, thereby greatly improving the driving efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0008] A thawing and heat preservation device for a commercial vehicle urea solution based on exhaust gas heating comprises the following steps:

[0009] Power heating end; and

[0010] A connecting platform, which is fixed on the outside of the power heating end and connected to the power heating end;

[0011] A turbine transmission shaft, comprising a first portion, a second portion, a third portion and a fourth portion which are coaxially arranged in sequence;

[0012] The diameters of the first part, the second part and the fourth part increase in sequence, the diameter of the third part is larger than that of the fourth part, and is used to isolate the second part from the fourth part, and the fourth part passes through the connecting platform and is connected to the power heating end;

[0013] a turbine fixed to the second portion;

[0014] A turbine housing, which is a receiving cavity structure with two ends open, one end of the turbine housing being connected to the connecting platform;

[0015] Wherein, the turbine is rotatably arranged in the accommodating chamber, and the accommodating chamber is connected to the exhaust manifold of the automobile engine;

[0016] The exhaust gas heat transfer pipeline has one end connected to the other end of the turbine housing, and the other side flows through the outer wall of the urea tank of the vehicle and is connected to the exhaust gas discharge pipe.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes:

[0018] The first turbine cover is rotatably arranged on the fourth part, and the first turbine cover is arranged between the connecting platform and the turbine housing.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes:

[0020] The second turbine cover is a pipeline-type structure, and the second turbine cover is arranged between the turbine housing and the exhaust manifold of the automobile engine.

[0021] Preferably, the power heating end comprises:

[0022] a generator, an input terminal of which is connected to the fourth part;

[0023] a rectifier connected to an output terminal of the generator;

[0024] A storage battery has an input end connected to the rectifier.

[0025] Preferably, it also includes:

[0026] A temperature sensor is arranged in the automobile urea tank;

[0027] An engine status sensor connected to the vehicle engine;

[0028] An exhaust gas heating controller is connected to the temperature sensor, the engine state sensor and the output end of the battery, and is used to control the output power of the battery.

[0029] Preferably, it also includes:

[0030] The heat conducting plate is an annular structure, the heat conducting plate is arranged on the connecting platform, and the heat conducting plate is connected to the exhaust gas heating controller.

[0031] Preferably, it also includes:

[0032] A locking device is arranged on the first part and is used to fix the turbine.

[0033] Preferably, the battery output power satisfies:

[0034] If the urea solution temperature is lower than -15°C and the engine is in operation, the exhaust gas heating controller sends a command to the battery, the battery output power is 900W, and the heating process is terminated when the urea solution temperature is higher than 5°C;

[0035] If the temperature of the urea solution is lower than -5°C and the engine is in operation, the exhaust gas heating controller sends a command to the battery, the battery output power is 500W, and the heating process is terminated when the temperature of the urea solution is higher than 5°C.

[0036] Preferably, the turbine is made of low-segregation nickel-based alloy M38G.

[0037] Preferably, the generator is a synchronous AC generator.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] The thawing and heat preservation device for commercial vehicle urea solution based on exhaust gas heating designed and developed by the present invention adjusts the exhaust gas temperature in real time according to the state of the urea solution in the commercial vehicle, and solves the problem of slow thawing of urea in commercial vehicles in winter in northern my country, which affects transportation efficiency, while realizing waste utilization. The heat preservation function provided by the device also enables commercial vehicle drivers to no longer worry about the poor state of urea solution approaching low temperature under certain parking conditions, which will generate actual economic value in the field of commercial vehicle road transportation; all energy supply of the device comes from exhaust gas emissions, and no additional vehicle energy is required, which saves energy. In addition, the main part of the device is easy to install, low cost, high working reliability, does not require any manual operation by the driver, and is extremely convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power heating end of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first turbine cover of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the turbine transmission shaft of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the central rotating part of the turbine and the turbine transmission shaft parts positioning according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the turbine casing of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second turbine cover of the present invention.

[0048] Fig. 9 The present invention is a flowchart of the device.

[0049] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust gas heat transfer pipeline of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described in detail below so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description.

[0051] The invention provides a thawing and heat preservation device for a commercial vehicle urea solution based on exhaust gas heating, which achieves heating and heat preservation of a urea tank by secondary heating of the exhaust gas, thereby improving driving efficiency.

[0052] The commercial vehicle urea solution thawing and heat preservation device 100 based on exhaust gas heating of this patent is mainly divided into two subsystems, an electric energy storage subsystem and a thermal control subsystem. The starting part of the overall device is the electric energy storage subsystem, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the design of the power energy storage subsystem mainly includes: a power heating end 110, a connecting platform 120, a first turbine cover 140, a bearing 150, a turbine drive shaft 160, a turbine housing 170, a turbine 180, a gasket 181, a nut 182 and a second turbine cover 190.

[0053] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the power heating end 110 includes a generator 111, a rectifier 112 and a battery 113, the output end of the generator 111 is connected to the rectifier 112; the battery 113, the input end of which is connected to the rectifier 112; a connecting platform 120, which is fixed to the outside of the power heating end 110, and has an annular groove, a first central through hole and a plurality of threaded holes on the connecting platform 120, the heat conductive sheet 121 is annular in structure and is arranged in the annular groove on the connecting platform 120 as an exhaust gas heating device, and the heat conductive sheet 121 is connected to the exhaust gas heating controller to heat the exhaust gas.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the first turbine cover 140 includes a first connecting end 141 and a second connecting end 142 that are coaxially arranged. The first connecting end 141 has a plurality of threaded holes and can be fixed one-to-one with the threaded holes on the connecting platform 120. The first connecting end 141 has a second center through hole, and the second center through hole is arranged corresponding to the first center through hole. The second connecting end 142 and the first connecting end 141 form a first accommodating chamber, and the second connecting end 142 has a plurality of threaded holes.

[0055] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the turbine transmission shaft 160 includes a first portion 161, a second portion 162, a third portion 163 and a fourth portion 164 which are coaxially arranged in sequence; the diameters of the first portion 161, the second portion 162 and the fourth portion 164 are successively reduced, and the fourth portion 164 is rotatably passed through the first central through hole and the second central through hole through the bearing 150 arranged in the first accommodation chamber, and then the fourth portion 164 is connected to the input end of the generator; the diameter of the third portion 163 is larger than that of the fourth portion 164, and is used to isolate the second portion 162 from the third portion 163. In this embodiment, the fourth portion 164 is connected to the input end of the generator; the third portion 163 is larger than the fourth portion 164, and is used to isolate the second portion 162 from the third portion 163. The third part 163 is a shaft shoulder, which is used to cooperate with the turbine 180. The turbine 180 is fixed to the second part 162 by a flat key. A thread is provided on the first part 161, which fixes the turbine 180 together with the gasket 181 and the nut 182. In summary, the specific positioning of the turbine 180 consists of three parts, a shaft shoulder provided on one side of the turbine 180, a flat key on the turbine transmission shaft 160, and a gasket 181 and a nut 182 provided on one side of the turbine 180 for fixing. In this embodiment, the type of the flat key is a round bottom type, and the positioning of the turbine transmission shaft 160 is fixed by the third part 163 and the first turbine cover 140.

[0056] like Figure 7 As shown, the turbine housing 170 is a pipeline-type structure having a second accommodating chamber 173 inside, and the turbine housing 170 includes a third connecting end 171, a fourth connecting end 172 and an external pipe 174. The turbine 180 is rotatably arranged in the second accommodating chamber 173, and the portion between the third connecting end 171 and the fourth connecting end 172 of the turbine housing 170 is an arc-shaped structure, that is, the outer side of the second accommodating chamber 173 is an arc-shaped structure, and its size design mainly considers the matching of the parameters such as the width and diameter of the turbine 180 with the turbine housing 170. The third connecting end 171 has a plurality of threaded holes on the upper part, which are connected to the plurality of threaded holes on the second connecting end 142 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the fourth connecting end 172 has a plurality of threaded holes, and the end face opening diameter of the third connecting end 171 is larger than the end face opening diameter of the fourth connecting end 172. One end of the external pipe 174 is connected to the second accommodating chamber 173, and the other end is connected to the exhaust manifold of the automobile engine, and is used for the exhaust gas to enter the device.

[0057] like Figure 8 , Fig.10As shown, the second turbine cover 190 includes a fifth connection end 191 and a sixth connection end 193. The fifth connection end 191 has a plurality of threaded holes for connecting the exhaust gas heat transfer pipeline 220. The sixth connection end 193 has a plurality of threaded holes for correspondingly connecting with the plurality of threaded holes on the fourth connection end 172 one by one, and a pipeline-type passage 192 is formed between the fifth connection end 191 and the sixth connection end 193; the exhaust gas heat transfer pipeline 220 has one end connected to the fifth connection end 191, and the other end flows through the outer walls 210a and 210b of the urea tank of the automobile and is connected to the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 230.

[0058] The design of the thermal control subsystem mainly includes: a temperature sensor, an engine status sensor (not shown in the figure) and an exhaust gas heating controller 130, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in the automobile urea tank to obtain the temperature of the urea solution; the engine status sensor is connected to the automobile engine to obtain the working condition information of the engine; the exhaust gas heating controller 130 is connected to the temperature sensor, the engine status sensor and the output end of the battery 113, receives the signals of the temperature sensor and the engine status sensor, and is used to control the output power of the battery 113 and determine whether to heat or keep the urea solution warm.

[0059] Since this device is an external device installed on the exhaust system, it will inevitably have a certain impact on the exhaust back pressure, which will cause the cylinder to have too little or too much exhaust volume, directly reducing the engine performance. Therefore, the original exhaust muffler is removed to ensure lower back pressure and thus ensure engine performance.

[0060] like Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the specific working process of the commercial vehicle urea solution thawing and heat preservation device based on exhaust gas heating according to the present invention is:

[0061] (1) The high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the engine flows through the exhaust manifold 240 of the automobile engine and enters the external pipe 174 directly connected to the exhaust system, and enters the working start stage;

[0062] (2) After the exhaust gas flows into the turbine housing 170, the exhaust gas pressure decreases. In addition, the shape of the turbine housing 170 and the reduction of the pipeline space cause the flow velocity to increase rapidly. The high-velocity exhaust gas impacts the blades of the turbine 180 in the turbine housing 170. The blades rotate rapidly under the action of the exhaust gas. The turbine drive shaft 160 rotates with the turbine 180 at the same time, thereby completing the transfer of mechanical energy between the gas and the drive shaft.

[0063] (3) The generator 111 connected to one end of the turbine transmission shaft 160 rotates coaxially with the turbine 180, and the generator 111 is driven to generate electrical energy;

[0064] (4) Due to the intermittent operation of the engine and the influence of the shape of the exhaust pipe, the electric energy generated by the generator 111 fluctuates greatly, so the generator 111 is connected to the rectifier 112, and the current is rectified and stabilized before being stored in the battery 113 to achieve the conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy;

[0065] (5) The temperature sensor and the engine status sensor transmit information to the exhaust gas heating controller 130, so that the exhaust gas heating controller 130 determines whether the urea solution needs to be heated or kept warm at this moment;

[0066] The specific judgment logic is:

[0067] If the temperature of the urea solution is lower than -15°C and the engine is in operation, the exhaust gas heating controller 130 sends a command to the battery 113 and heats the exhaust gas through the heat conducting sheet 121. The heating power is 900W. The heating process is terminated when the temperature of the urea solution is higher than 5°C.

[0068] If the urea solution temperature is lower than -5°C and the engine is in operation, the exhaust gas heating controller 130 sends a command to the battery 113 to keep the exhaust gas warm through the heat conducting sheet 121. At this time, the heating power is 500W. The heating process is terminated when the urea solution temperature is higher than 5°C.

[0069] (6) The exhaust gas heated in the turbine housing 170 is discharged through the pipe-type passage 192 of the second turbine cover 190, and finally enters the exhaust gas heat transfer pipeline 220. The pipeline flows through the outer wall of the urea solution tank and is connected to the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 230, meeting the heat exchange conditions. The high-temperature exhaust gas transfers heat energy to the urea solution here to complete the thawing or insulation process.

[0070] In another embodiment, the turbine 180 is a radial flow turbine. The nickel-based alloy has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and its mechanical properties do not change much at a certain temperature. Therefore, the low segregation nickel-based alloy M38G is selected as the design material of the turbine; the generator is a synchronous AC generator, and its model is a high-speed permanent magnet generator ZYKWS-12. The current generated by the generator is collected by the battery after bridge rectification.

[0071] The invention designs and develops a thawing and heat preservation device for a urea solution of a commercial vehicle based on exhaust gas heating. The device adjusts the exhaust gas temperature in real time according to the state of the urea solution in the commercial vehicle, thereby realizing waste utilization and solving the problem of slow thawing of urea in commercial vehicles in winter in northern my country, which affects transportation efficiency. The heat preservation function provided by the device also enables commercial vehicle drivers to no longer worry about the unfavorable state of the urea solution approaching low temperature under certain parking conditions. This will generate actual economic value in the field of commercial vehicle road transportation and has important application significance.

[0072] Furthermore, the device provided by the present invention does not require too many sensors, which can not only reduce the structural complexity of the commercial vehicle urea solution thawing and insulation device, but also reduce the cost of the product; the main body of the device provided by the present invention is easy to install, has high working reliability, does not require any manual operation by the driver, and is extremely convenient to use; all energy supply of the device comes from exhaust emissions, does not require consumption of additional vehicle energy, and saves energy.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A thawing and heat preservation device for urea solution of commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating, characterized in that: include: Power heating end; as well as A connecting platform, which is fixed on the outside of the power heating end and connected to the power heating end; A turbine transmission shaft, comprising a first portion, a second portion, a third portion and a fourth portion which are coaxially arranged in sequence; The diameters of the first part, the second part and the fourth part increase in sequence, the diameter of the third part is larger than that of the fourth part, and is used to isolate the second part from the fourth part, and the fourth part passes through the connecting platform and is connected to the power heating end; a turbine fixed to the second portion; A turbine housing, which is a receiving cavity structure with two ends open, one end of the turbine housing being connected to the connecting platform; Wherein, the turbine is rotatably arranged in the accommodating chamber, and the accommodating chamber is connected to the exhaust manifold of the automobile engine; An exhaust gas heat transfer pipeline, one end of which is connected to the other end of the turbine housing, and the other side of which flows through the outer wall of the urea tank of the vehicle and is connected to the exhaust gas discharge pipe; The power heating end comprises: a generator, an input terminal of which is connected to the fourth part; a rectifier connected to an output terminal of the generator; A storage battery, an input end of which is connected to the rectifier; A temperature sensor is arranged in the automobile urea tank; An engine status sensor connected to the vehicle engine; An exhaust gas heating controller, which is connected to the temperature sensor, the engine state sensor and the output end of the battery, and is used to control the output power of the battery; A heat conducting sheet having an annular structure, the heat conducting sheet is arranged on the connecting platform, and the heat conducting sheet is connected to the exhaust gas heating controller, and the heat conducting sheet can heat the exhaust gas; The battery output power meets the following requirements: If the temperature of the urea solution is lower than -15°C and the engine is in operation, the exhaust gas heating controller sends a command to the battery and heats the exhaust gas through the heat conducting sheet. At this time, the battery output power is 900W. The heating process is terminated when the temperature of the urea solution is higher than 5°C. If the temperature of the urea solution is lower than -5°C and the engine is in operation, the exhaust gas heating controller sends a command to the battery and keeps the exhaust gas warm through the heat conducting sheet. At this time, the battery output power is 500W. The heating process is terminated when the temperature of the urea solution is higher than 5°C. The exhaust gas is converted into mechanical energy through the cooperation of the turbine and the turbine drive shaft, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through the cooperation of the turbine drive shaft and the generator, and the electrical energy is converted into thermal energy through the cooperation of the battery and the heat conductive plate, so that the urea tank is heated and insulated by the secondary heated exhaust gas.

2. The thawing and heat preservation device for urea solution of commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The first turbine cover is rotatably arranged on the fourth part, and the first turbine cover is arranged between the connecting platform and the turbine housing.

3. The thawing and heat preservation device for urea solution of commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: The second turbine cover is a pipeline-type structure, and the second turbine cover is arranged between the turbine housing and the exhaust manifold of the automobile engine.

4. The thawing and heat preservation device for urea solution of commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A locking device is provided on the first part and is used for fixing the turbine.

5. The thawing and heat preservation device for urea solution of commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the turbine is low-segregation nickel-based alloy M38G.

6. The thawing and heat preservation device for urea solution of commercial vehicles based on exhaust gas heating according to claim 5, characterized in that: The generator is a synchronous AC generator.

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