A new type of double-edge grooving tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel double-edge grooving tool, which includes a tool shank and two profiling blades. The two profiling blades are installed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank. The main cutting edge of the working end of one profiling blade has a left deviation angle α, and the main cutting edge of the working end of the other profiling blade has a right deviation angle α. Moreover, the two profiling blades are symmetrically distributed in a left-right mirror image, where α is an acute angle. Compared with a standard grooving tool, during the radial feed process, the contact area between the tool and the workpiece being cut is reduced, so the radial cutting force is decreased. For the machining of the groove, axial reciprocating feed is used for layer-by-layer cutting. Therefore, the cutting force generated by the machining is mainly in the axial direction, and the radial cutting force is greatly reduced, solving the chattering problem during the machining process, improving the machining accuracy, and also being beneficial to improving the machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining of mechanical parts, and particularly to a novel double-edged grooving tool. Background Art

[0002] In the machining of complex profiles, since a large amount of stock allowance needs to be removed by the tool, parameters such as tool accuracy and structural form will directly affect the product quality and machining cost. Especially for the machining of large and weakly rigid parts, since an inner annular groove with a depth greater than 30 mm and a depth-width ratio greater than 1 needs to be machined at the mouth position of the part, and the groove is more than 1 m away from the clamping part, it is prone to vibration during machining. Moreover, the batch size of this part is large and the precision requirement is high. Then, when seeking high-precision turning, the development of high-efficiency tools is particularly important. For the machining of this part, initially a standard grooving tool (4 mm wide and 25 mm overhang, as Figure 1 shown) was used for rough machining. Due to the poor rigidity of the workpiece, the large contact area of the tool width, and the cutting force being radial, the machining vibration was large and normal machining could not be completed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that when a conventional standard grooving tool is used to machine the annular groove of a weakly rigid part, due to the poor rigidity of the workpiece, the large contact area of the tool width, and the cutting force being radial, the machining vibration is large and normal machining cannot be completed. The present invention provides a novel double-edged grooving tool to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A novel double-edged grooving tool includes a tool shank and two profiling inserts. The two profiling inserts are installed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank. The main cutting edge of the working end of one profiling insert has a left offset angle α, and the main cutting edge of the working end of the other profiling insert has a right offset angle α. And the two profiling inserts are symmetrically distributed in a left-right mirror image, where α is an acute angle.

[0006] Especially for the machining of large and weakly rigid parts, since an inner annular groove with a depth greater than 30 mm and a depth-width ratio greater than 1 needs to be machined at the mouth position of the part, and the groove is more than 1 m away from the clamping part, it is prone to vibration during machining. Moreover, the batch size of this part is large and the precision requirement is high. Then, when seeking high-precision turning, the development of high-efficiency tools is particularly important. For the machining of the inner ring groove of this part, the usual machining method is to use a standard grooving tool for machining. Since during the machining process, the grooving tool feeds radially and the depth of cut is relatively large. So the cutting force along the radial direction also increases. Therefore, the workpiece is prone to vibration during the machining process, and thus the machining requirements cannot be met.

[0007] Based on the above background, there are many methods to overcome vibration and improve machining accuracy and efficiency, such as improving the clamping and fixing of workpieces, and improving the numerical control machining accuracy calculation and control methods. In this invention, by improving the structure of the machining tool and changing the feed direction of the tool, the direction of the force exerted by the tool on the workpiece is realized, preventing the vibration of the workpiece and improving the machining accuracy. Specifically, according to the machining characteristics of this part, this invention selects two profiling tools symmetrically arranged with left offset and right offset to machine simultaneously. Compared with the grooving tool, since the depth of cut decreases during the radial feed process, the contact area between the chip and the tool is greatly reduced, effectively reducing the cutting force in the radial direction. Since axial feed is adopted, although the cutting force in the axial direction increases, and the axial direction is rigidly fixed, the impact on the actual cutting process is not significant. Therefore, the problem of workpiece vibration during machining is solved.

[0008] However, when using a single left-offset or right-offset profiling tool, due to the geometric shape characteristics of the forming tool itself, some areas of the workpiece cannot be machined in one go, and there are areas that cannot be machined. Therefore, when machining this groove, it is necessary to load and unload and align the left and right 35° profiling tools back and forth, resulting in high labor intensity and low machining efficiency. A new type of double-headed grooving tool provided by this invention not only solves the problem of tool chatter during machining, but also can avoid changing tools back and forth; it not only improves the machining accuracy, but also improves the machining efficiency.

[0009] Further preferably, the angle α is equal to 35°.

[0010] According to the structure of the tool itself and the machining requirements, to ensure the reasonable force on the blade, improve the machining stability and the tool service life, this invention preferably designs two profiling blades with a left offset of 35° and a right offset of 35° respectively.

[0011] Further preferably, the two profiling blades are both fixed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank by screws.

[0012] Install the two profiling blades in the same plane, and the main cutting edges of the working ends of the two profiling blades are located in the same plane. During machining, when feeding along the axial direction of the workpiece, double-edge simultaneous cutting can be adopted, and the layer-by-layer reciprocating cutting method can be used. The actual machining distance will also be shortened by half. Compared with the single-edge profiling tool, the idle stroke is very small. Each blade has two cutting edges that are alternately cutting, greatly improving the tool durability, and the overall machining efficiency of this groove is increased by more than 2 times.

[0013] Further preferably, through holes are provided at the geometric centers of the two profiling blades, and the screws pass through the through holes and are threadedly connected and fixed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank.

[0014] Using screws to connect the blade and the tool shank has a simple structure and is convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0015] Further preferably, an installation groove is formed on one working surface at the end of the tool shank, and the two profiling blades are fixedly embedded in the installation groove.

[0016] The installation groove plays a role in fixing and limiting the blade.

[0017] Further preferably, the adjacent two side walls of the installation groove away from the free end of the tool shank are of a V-shaped structure, and a wedge-shaped limiting member I and a wedge-shaped limiting member II are convexly provided on the bottom surface of the installation groove, and the wedge-shaped limiting member I and the wedge-shaped limiting member II are located on the center line of the mirror symmetry of the two profiling blades; the two side walls of the main cutting edge of the non-working end of one profiling blade are respectively in contact with one side wall of the V-shaped structure and one inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member I, one side wall of the main cutting edge of the working end of the profiling blade extends leftward out of the installation groove, and the other side wall is in contact with one inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member II; the two side walls of the main cutting edge of the non-working end of the other profiling blade are respectively in contact with the other side wall of the V-shaped structure and the other inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member I, one side wall of the main cutting edge of the working end of the profiling blade extends rightward out of the installation groove, and the other side wall is in contact with the other inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member II.

[0018] The installation groove structure designed by the present invention can realize three-sided positioning of each profiling blade, that is, stable positioning of three sequentially connected sides of each profiling blade. The positioning method is reliable, the structure is stable, which is beneficial to ensuring uniform stress of the blade and improving the service life of the blade.

[0019] Further preferably, a relief hole is provided in contact with the adjacent two side walls of the installation groove away from the free end of the tool shank, and the main cutting edges of the non-working ends of the two profiling blades extend into the relief hole.

[0020] The present invention relates to the relief hole for protecting the main cutting edges of the two profiling blades, and is also beneficial to improving the adaptability of the connection between the blade and the tool shank, and facilitating quick loading and unloading.

[0021] Further preferably, a relief gap is provided between the wedge-shaped limiting member I and the wedge-shaped limiting member II, and the relief gap is used to accommodate the secondary cutting edges of the two profiling blades.

[0022] The present invention relates to the relief gap for protecting the secondary cutting edges of the two profiling blades, and is also beneficial to improving the adaptability of the connection between the blade and the tool shank, and facilitating quick loading and unloading.

[0023] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. By improving the structure of the processing tool and changing the feed direction of the tool, the present invention realizes the direction of the force exerted by the tool on the workpiece, prevents the vibration of the workpiece, and improves the processing accuracy. Specifically, according to the processing characteristics of this part, the present invention selects two profiling tools symmetrically arranged with left offset and right offset to process simultaneously. Compared with the grooving tool, since the depth of cut decreases during the radial feed process, the contact area between the chip and the tool is greatly reduced, effectively reducing the cutting force in the radial direction. Since axial feed is adopted, the cutting force in the axial direction increases, but since the axial direction is rigidly fixed, the influence on the actual cutting process is not significant, thus solving the problem of workpiece vibration during processing.

[0025] 2. A novel double - headed grooving tool provided by the present invention not only solves the problem of tool chatter during processing, but also avoids the need to change tools back and forth when using a single left - offset or right - offset profiling tool; it not only improves the processing accuracy, but also improves the processing efficiency.

[0026] 3. The present invention can adopt double - edge simultaneous cutting and a layer - by - layer reciprocating cutting method. The actual processing distance will also be shortened by half. Compared with single - edge profiling tool processing, the idle stroke is very small. Each blade has two cutting edges that alternate in cutting, greatly improving the tool durability. The overall processing efficiency of this groove is increased by more than 2 times. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing grooving tool; A represents the cutting edge;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel double - edge grooving tool of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a top - view structural diagram of

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a partial structural diagram;

[0032] Figure 5 is a top - view structural diagram of the tool shank of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the working principle of the present invention, and the arrow direction in the figure represents the feed direction;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the working principle of a single profiling blade; B represents the processing blind area.

[0035] Reference numerals in the drawings and corresponding component names: 1 - tool shank, 2 - profiling blade, 3 - screw, 4 - mounting groove, 5 - wedge-shaped stopper I, 6 - wedge-shaped stopper II, 7 - relief hole, 8 - relief gap. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments and the drawings. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and shall not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a novel double-edge grooving tool, which includes a tool shank 1 and two profiling blades 2 with exactly the same structure and size. The two profiling blades 2 are installed on the same working plane at the end of the tool shank 1; the main cutting edge of the working end of one profiling blade 2 has a left deviation angle α, and the main cutting edge of the working end of the other profiling blade 2 has a right deviation angle α, and the two profiling blades 2 are symmetrically distributed left and right in a mirror image, where α is an acute angle, and the main cutting edges of the working ends of the two profiling blades 2 are located on a straight line in this plane. The inner ring groove of the long shaft part is machined by using this grooving tool.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] On the basis of Embodiment 1, a further improvement is made. The angle α is equal to 35°, that is, one profiling blade 2 is deviated 35° to the left, and the other profiling blade 2 is deviated 35° to the right; the two profiling blades 2 are both fixed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank 1 by screws 3. Specifically, through holes are provided at the geometric centers of the two profiling blades 2, and the screws 3 pass through the through holes and are threadedly connected and fixed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank 1.

[0041] Embodiment 3

[0042] On the basis of Embodiment 2, there is a further improvement. An installation groove 4 is formed on one working surface at the end of the tool shank 1, and two profiling blades 2 are embedded and fixed in the installation groove. The adjacent two side walls of the installation groove 4 far from the free end of the tool shank 1 are of a V-shaped structure. A wedge-shaped limiting member I5 and a wedge-shaped limiting member II6 are convexly provided on the bottom surface of the installation groove 4, and the wedge-shaped limiting member I5 and the wedge-shaped limiting member II6 are located on the center line of the mirror symmetry of the two profiling blades 2. The two side walls of the main cutting edge of the non-working end of one profiling blade 2 are respectively in abutting contact with one side wall of the V-shaped structure and one inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member I5. One side wall of the main cutting edge of the working end of the profiling blade 2 extends leftward and protrudes out of the installation groove 4, and the other side wall is in abutting contact with one inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member II6. The two side walls of the main cutting edge of the non-working end of the other profiling blade 2 are respectively in abutting contact with the other side wall of the V-shaped structure and the other inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member I5. One side wall of the main cutting edge of the working end of the profiling blade 2 extends rightward and protrudes out of the installation groove 4, and the other side wall is in abutting contact with the other inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member II6.

[0043] A relief hole 7 is provided in contact with the adjacent two side walls of the installation groove 4 far from the free end of the tool shank 1, and the main cutting edges of the non-working ends of the two profiling blades 2 extend into the relief hole 7. A relief gap 8 is provided between the wedge-shaped limiting member I5 and the wedge-shaped limiting member II6, and the relief gap 8 is used to accommodate the secondary cutting edges of the two profiling blades 2.

[0044] In the top view direction of the grooving tool, as Figure 3 、 4 、shown in 5, the wedge-shaped limiting member I5 adopts an isosceles trapezoid structure, and the wedge-shaped limiting member II6 also adopts an isosceles trapezoid structure.

[0045] The above specific embodiments have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of double-edge grooving tool, comprising a tool shank (1) and two profiling blades (2), characterized in that, The two profiling blades (2) are installed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank (1). The main cutting edge tip of one profiling blade (2) has a left offset angle α at the working end, and the main cutting edge tip of the other profiling blade (2) has a right offset angle α at the working end. The two profiling blades (2) are symmetrically distributed in a left-right mirror image, where α is an acute angle, and the angle α is equal to 35°. The two profiling blades (2) are both fixed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank (1) by screws (3); An installation groove (4) is provided on one working surface at the end of the tool shank (1). The two profiling blades (2) are embedded and fixed in the installation groove. The adjacent two side walls of the installation groove (4) far from the free end of the tool shank (1) are in a V-shaped structure. A wedge-shaped limiting member I (5) and a wedge-shaped limiting member II (6) are convexly provided on the bottom surface of the installation groove (4), and the wedge-shaped limiting member I (5) and the wedge-shaped limiting member II (6) are located on the center line of the mirror symmetry of the two profiling blades (2); The two side walls of the main cutting edge tip of the non-working end of one profiling blade (2) are respectively in contact with one side wall of the V-shaped structure and one inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member I (5). One side wall of the main cutting edge tip of the working end of the profiling blade (2) extends out of the installation groove (4) with a left offset, and the other side wall is in contact with one inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member II (6); The two side walls of the main cutting edge tip of the non-working end of the other profiling blade (2) are respectively in contact with the other side wall of the V-shaped structure and the other inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member I (5). One side wall of the main cutting edge tip of the working end of the profiling blade (2) extends out of the installation groove (4) with a right offset, and the other side wall is in contact with the other inclined wall of the wedge-shaped limiting member II (6).

2. The novel double-edge grooving tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Through holes are provided at the geometric centers of the two profiling blades (2). The screws (3) pass through the through holes and are threadedly fixed on the same working surface at the end of the tool shank (1).

3. A novel double-edge grooving tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A relief hole (7) is provided in contact with the adjacent two side walls of the installation groove (4) far from the free end of the tool shank (1). The main cutting edge tips of the non-working ends of the two profiling blades (2) extend into the relief hole (7).

4. A novel double-edge grooving tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A relief gap (8) is provided between the wedge-shaped limiting member I (5) and the wedge-shaped limiting member II (6). The relief gap (8) is used to accommodate the secondary cutting edge tips of the two profiling blades (2).

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