Waste pyrolysis gasification furnace

Abstract

The present invention relates to a garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace. Garbage (referring to calorific organic garbage including general domestic garbage, medical waste, organic matter, plastics, etc.) is dried through a primary drying furnace layer and a secondary drying furnace layer, and the dried garbage is sent to the pyrolysis gasification furnace layer. The high temperature generated by the pyrolysis gasification furnace layer is used to carry out dry thermal fission degradation treatment on the organic matter in the garbage. The present invention can achieve efficient pyrolysis treatment of organic garbage and convert it into solid, gas, and liquid products that are easy to handle and can be resourcefully utilized, which is conducive to achieving continuous and stable operation and improving the garbage treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a waste cracking gasifier. Background Art

[0002] The existing technologies for waste treatment mainly include the following methods:

[0003] First, the waste is conveyed into a boiler and reacts with air / oxygen, and combustion occurs at a temperature of about 700 - 800°C. This treatment method will generate a large amount of polluting gases such as nitrogen oxides, sulfides, CO, and dioxins, which will cause serious pollution to the environment when discharged into the atmosphere.

[0004] Second, the waste is landfilled centrally. As the domestic waste increases day by day, long-term landfilling causes waste of land resources and pollution to the environment and land.

[0005] Third, the domestic waste (mainly for organic matter) is fermented. Not only does it take a long time and have low efficiency, but it also occupies a large area, and the fermented substances are prone to secondary pollution, and there is a problem that plastics and other wastes are not easily decomposed.

[0006] Fourth, the flue gas generated by burning the gas generated by domestic waste, biomass, etc. is used to heat and crack the waste. Since a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated in the flue gas after combustion, the calorific value of the flue gas is low, resulting in high cracking treatment costs and unable to operate effectively for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waste cracking gasifier, which realizes the efficient cracking treatment of organic waste and converts it into solid, gas, and liquid products that are easy to handle and can be resourcefully utilized, is conducive to realizing continuous and stable operation, and improves the waste treatment efficiency.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is to provide a waste cracking gasifier, which includes a series-connected primary drying furnace layer, a secondary drying furnace layer, and a cracking gasification furnace layer;

[0009] The primary drying furnace layer includes a first discharge end cover, a first furnace body, a first heat insulation device, a first feed end cover, and a first transmission system. One end of the first furnace body is roll-sealedly connected to the first discharge end cover, and the other end is roll-sealedly connected to the first feed end cover. The first furnace body is hermetically sleeved inside the first heat insulation device. The first feed end cover is provided with an air outlet and a feed port. The first discharge end cover and the first feed end cover are connected through a heat source external circulation pipe. The first furnace body is driven to rotate by the first transmission system to convey the internal materials;

[0010] The secondary drying furnace layer includes a second feed end cover, a second furnace body, a second heat insulation device, a second discharge end cover, a first conveying shaft, and a second transmission system. The two ends of the second furnace body are respectively and hermetically connected to the second feed end cover and the second discharge end cover. The second furnace body is hermetically sleeved inside the second heat insulation device. The second feed end cover and the first discharge end cover are connected by a first connecting pipe. The first conveying shaft is hermetically connected to the two ends of the second furnace body along the central axis of the second furnace body. The first conveying shaft is driven to rotate by the second transmission system to convey the materials inside the second furnace body.

[0011] The cracking and gasification furnace layer includes a third feed end cover, a third furnace body, a third heat insulation device, a third discharge end cover, an electromagnetic heating device, a second conveying shaft, and a third transmission system. The two ends of the third furnace body are respectively and hermetically connected to the third feed end cover and the third discharge end cover. The third furnace body is hermetically sleeved inside the third heat insulation device. The electromagnetic heating device is hermetically arranged around the outer peripheral surface of the third heat insulation device. The third feed end cover and the second discharge end cover are connected by a second connecting pipe. Between the third discharge end cover and the first discharge end cover, they are connected by a heat source conveying pipe. The third discharge end cover is provided with a discharge port. The second conveying shaft is hermetically connected to the two ends of the third furnace body along the central axis of the third furnace body. The second conveying shaft is driven to rotate by the third transmission system to convey the materials inside the third furnace body.

[0012] Supports are respectively provided at the two ends of the first furnace body, the second furnace body, and the third furnace body, and each furnace body is in rolling support connection with the support.

[0013] The first transmission system includes a driving device, a transmission gear, and an annular gear. The annular gear is fixedly arranged along the outer periphery of the first heat insulation device. The transmission gear is connected to the output shaft of the driving device. The transmission gear and the annular gear mesh with each other.

[0014] The second transmission system and the third transmission system are motor-driven rotation systems and are respectively controlled to operate by a controller.

[0015] A spiral feeding wing is arranged on the inner side wall of the first furnace body along the length direction.

[0016] The first conveying shaft and the second conveying shaft are provided with spiral feeding wings along the length direction.

[0017] Beneficial effects

[0018] First, in the present invention, after the garbage is dried by the primary drying furnace layer and the secondary drying furnace layer, the dried garbage is sent to the cracking and gasification furnace layer. The high temperature generated by the electromagnetic heating device can be used to carry out dry heat fission degradation treatment on the organic matter in the garbage, which can break the various low bond energy groups and macromolecular chains in the organic matter and efficiently convert them into solid, gas, and liquid products that are easy to process and can be recycled.

[0019] Second, the present invention first dries and preheats the garbage and then performs dry pyrolysis treatment, which is beneficial to maintaining the high calorific value and temperature stability in the pyrolysis gasification furnace layer and conducive to the continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0020] Third, in the present invention, the drying heat source of the primary drying furnace layer and the secondary drying furnace layer uses the high-temperature flue gas generated in the pyrolysis gasification furnace layer as the heat source, realizing the recovery and utilization of the heat in the pyrolysis gasification tail gas, avoiding the need for an external heat source in the drying process, being beneficial to improving the overall efficiency of garbage pyrolysis gasification treatment and reducing the operating cost. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, a garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace sequentially connected in series with a primary drying furnace layer, a secondary drying furnace layer and a pyrolysis gasification furnace layer is used to dry and pyrolyze and gasify the crushed garbage. The "garbage" in the present invention refers to calorific organic garbage including general domestic garbage, medical garbage, organic matter, plastics, etc.

[0024] Among them: The primary drying furnace layer includes a first discharge end cover 1, a first furnace body 2, a first heat insulation device 3, a first feed end cover 4 and a first transmission system 5.

[0025] The first furnace body 2 is cylindrical, with supports 25 provided at both ends. The first furnace body 2 is connected with the supports 25 in a rolling support manner. One end of the first furnace body 2 is connected with the first discharge end cover 1 in a rolling and sealing manner, and the other end is connected with the first feed end cover 4 in a rolling and sealing manner. The first furnace body 2 is hermetically sleeved inside the first heat insulation device 3. The first feed end cover 4 is provided with an air outlet 6 and a feed port 7. The first discharge end cover 1 and the first feed end cover 4 are communicated through a heat source external circulation pipe 8 to form a circulation loop of the high-temperature flue gas heat source.

[0026] The first furnace body 2 is driven to rotate by the first transmission system 5 to convey the internal materials. The first transmission system 5 includes a driving device, a transmission gear, and an annular gear. The annular gear is fixedly arranged along the outer periphery of the first heat preservation device 3. The transmission gear is connected to the output shaft of the driving device. The transmission gear and the annular gear mesh with each other for transmission. By driving the driving device, the first furnace body 2 is driven to rotate along the central axis. The inner side wall of the first furnace body 2 is provided with spiral feeding wings along the length direction, which can realize the conveyance of the internally broken garbage. Since the humidity of the garbage materials in the first drying process is relatively high, the conveying structure with the rotation of the first furnace body 2 is beneficial to reducing the problem of unsmooth conveyance caused by the adhesion of the materials to the wall.

[0027] The secondary drying furnace layer includes a second feed end cover 9, a second furnace body 10, a second heat preservation device 11, a second discharge end cover 12, a first conveying shaft 13, and a second transmission system 14.

[0028] The second furnace body 10 is in a cylindrical shape, and supports 25 are respectively provided at both ends. The second furnace body 10 is connected with the supports 25 in a rolling support manner. The two ends of the second furnace body 10 are respectively and hermetically fixedly connected with the second feed end cover 9 and the second discharge end cover 12. The second furnace body 10 is hermetically sleeved inside the second heat preservation device 11.

[0029] The second feed end cover 9 is connected with the first discharge end cover 1 through a first connecting pipe 15. The garbage that has undergone primary drying is conveyed to the secondary drying furnace layer through the first connecting pipe 15 for secondary drying. The first conveying shaft 13 is arranged along the central axis of the second furnace body 10, and the two ends of the first conveying shaft 13 are hermetically connected with the two ends of the second furnace body 10. The first conveying shaft 13 is provided with spiral feeding wings along the length direction. The first conveying shaft 13 is driven to rotate by the second transmission system 14 to convey the materials inside the second furnace body 10. The second transmission system 14 is an electromagnetic drive rotation control system and is controlled by a controller 27 to operate.

[0030] The cracking and gasification furnace layer includes a third feed end cover 16, a third furnace body 17, a third heat preservation device 18, a third discharge end cover 19, an electromagnetic heating device 20, a second conveying shaft 21, and a third transmission system 26.

[0031] The third furnace body 17 is in a cylindrical shape, and supports 25 are respectively provided at both ends. The third furnace body 17 is connected with the supports 25 in a rolling support manner. The two ends of the third furnace body 17 are respectively and hermetically fixedly connected with the third feed end cover 16 and the third discharge end cover 19. The third furnace body 17 is hermetically sleeved inside the third heat preservation device 18. The electromagnetic heating device 20 is hermetically arranged in a surrounding manner along the outer peripheral surface of the third heat preservation device 18. Through the electromagnetic heating device 20, a temperature of 100 - 1200 °C can be generated inside the third furnace body 17.

[0032] The third feed end cover 16 and the second discharge end cover 12 are connected by a second connecting pipe 22. On the one hand, it can transport the garbage that has undergone secondary drying to the pyrolysis gasification furnace layer through the second connecting pipe 22 for pyrolysis gasification. On the other hand, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification of the garbage can return to the inside of the second furnace body 10 as a heat source through the second connecting pipe 22 to dry the garbage, realizing the recovery and utilization of the heat in the flue gas and avoiding the need to use an external heat source. The third discharge end cover 19 and the first discharge end cover 1 are connected by a heat source delivery pipe 23 to transfer the high-temperature flue gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification of the garbage to the primary drying furnace layer for circulation as a heat source to dry the garbage.

[0033] The third discharge end cover 19 is provided with a discharge port 24, and solid-liquid wastes such as carbon ash generated after the pyrolysis gasification of the garbage can be discharged outwards from the discharge port 24. The second conveying shaft 21 is arranged along the central axis of the third furnace body 17. The second conveying shaft 21 is hermetically connected to both ends of the third furnace body 17. The second conveying shaft 21 is provided with spiral feeding wings along its length direction. The second conveying shaft 21 is driven to rotate by a third transmission system 26 to convey the materials inside the third furnace body 17. The third transmission system 26 is a motor-driven rotation system and is controlled to operate by a controller 27. The pyrolysis gasification furnace layer is heated by an electromagnetic heating device 20 to pyrolyze the garbage into gas, carbon powder, and oil substances.

[0034] When using this garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace to process garbage, after the garbage is dried by the primary drying furnace layer and the secondary drying furnace layer, the dried garbage is sent to the pyrolysis gasification furnace layer. The high temperature generated by the electromagnetic heating device 20 can be used to carry out dry-heat fission degradation treatment on the organic matter in the garbage, which can break the various low-bond-energy groups and macromolecular chains in the organic matter and efficiently convert them into solid, gas, and liquid products that are easy to process and can be recycled.

Claims

1. A garbage cracking and gasification furnace, characterized in that: It includes a series-connected primary drying furnace layer, secondary drying furnace layer, and pyrolysis gasification furnace layer; The primary drying furnace layer includes a first discharge end cover (1), a first furnace body (2), a first heat insulation device (3), a first feed end cover (4), and a first transmission system (5). One end of the first furnace body (2) is roll-sealedly connected to the first discharge end cover (1), and the other end is roll-sealedly connected to the first feed end cover (4). The first furnace body (2) is hermetically sleeved inside the first heat insulation device (3). The first feed end cover (4) is provided with an air outlet (6) and a feed port (7). The first discharge end cover (1) and the first feed end cover (4) are connected through a heat source outer circulation pipe (8). The first furnace body (2) is driven to rotate by the first transmission system (5) to convey the internal material; The secondary drying furnace layer includes a second feed end cover (9), a second furnace body (10), a second heat insulation device (11), a second discharge end cover (12), a first conveying shaft (13), and a second transmission system (14). Both ends of the second furnace body (10) are hermetically connected to the second feed end cover (9) and the second discharge end cover (12) respectively. The second furnace body (10) is hermetically sleeved inside the second heat insulation device (11). The second feed end cover (9) is connected to the first discharge end cover (1) through a first connecting pipe (15). The first conveying shaft (13) is hermetically connected to both ends of the second furnace body (10) along the central axis of the second furnace body (10). The first conveying shaft (13) is driven to rotate by the second transmission system (14) to convey the material inside the second furnace body (10); The pyrolysis gasification furnace layer includes a third feed end cover (16), a third furnace body (17), a third heat insulation device (18), a third discharge end cover (19), an electromagnetic heating device (20), a second conveying shaft (21), and a third transmission system (26). Both ends of the third furnace body (17) are hermetically connected to the third feed end cover (16) and the third discharge end cover (19) respectively. The third furnace body (17) is hermetically sleeved inside the third heat insulation device (18). The electromagnetic heating device (20) is hermetically arranged around the outer peripheral surface of the third heat insulation device (18). The third feed end cover (16) is connected to the second discharge end cover (12) through a second connecting pipe (22). The third discharge end cover (19) and the first discharge end cover (1) are connected through a heat source conveying pipe (23). The third discharge end cover (19) is provided with a discharge port (24). The second conveying shaft (21) is hermetically connected to both ends of the third furnace body (17) along the central axis of the third furnace body (17). The second conveying shaft (21) is driven to rotate by the third transmission system (26) to convey the material inside the third furnace body (17).

2. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: Supports (25) are respectively provided at both ends of the first furnace body (2), second furnace body (10), and third furnace body (17), and each furnace body is in rolling support connection with the support (25).

3. The garbage cracking gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: The first transmission system (5) includes a driving device, a transmission gear, and an annular gear. The annular gear is fixedly arranged along the outer periphery of the first heat preservation device (3). The transmission gear is connected to the output shaft of the driving device, and the transmission gear meshes with the annular gear.

4. A garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second transmission system (14) and the third transmission system (26) are motor-driven rotation systems and are respectively controlled by a controller (27).

5. The garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: The inner side wall of the first furnace body (2) is provided with spiral feeding wings along the length direction.

6. The garbage cracking gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: The first conveying shaft (13) and the second conveying shaft (21) are provided with spiral feeding wings along the length direction.

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