Composite materials products and installation methods

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite material product and an installation method, which belongs to the technical field of composite material products, and comprises a composite material substrate, at least one accessory, and at least one tapered portion fixed to the composite material substrate, wherein the tapered portion is formed by curing the composite material substrate by wrapping yarn in one piece, and the connecting end of the accessory is fixed to the composite material substrate by fastening and matching with the outer tapered surface of the tapered portion. The composite material product and the installation method of the present invention have better fatigue resistance, high connection stability, convenient strength testing, and are not limited by the length of the composite material substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of composite material products, and in particular relates to a composite material product and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] Composite materials refer to materials composed of two or more different substances combined in different ways. They can give full play to the advantages of various materials, overcome the defects of single materials, and expand the application range of materials. Composite materials have the advantages of light weight, high strength, convenient processing and molding, and excellent elasticity. Among them, carbon fiber composite materials have the advantages of high modulus, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good molding processability, and simple construction. The use of composite materials for large-span products can fundamentally solve the problem of poor fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance of large-span steel products. Composite materials are anisotropic materials, and their longitudinal elastic modulus and strength are much greater than their transverse elastic modulus and strength. When only subjected to axial force, there is no problem with the composite material itself, but in the anchor, the composite material needs to withstand composite forces such as bending, shearing, and partial tension, which will cause local damage to the composite material and premature failure, and anchoring is very difficult. Therefore, giving full play to the performance of composite materials, solving and optimizing the problems of anchoring technology of composite material systems, and breaking through the bottleneck of their engineering applications have become problems that need to be solved urgently.

[0003] At present, composite anchoring materials are mainly gradient materials based on ceramics and epoxy resins. The main anchoring mechanisms are: bonding anchors, which are composed of sleeves and bonding media. This method uses a centralized anchoring method, and the bars affect each other, and it is impossible to accurately guide the design of large-tonnage anchors; clip-type anchors need to be combined with other anchoring forms when used to anchor multiple carbon fiber bars, which needs further research; internal expansion extrusion anchors are suitable for anchoring single strands; mechanical extrusion anchors and composite substrates have stiffness mutation problems, which can easily cause bites to composite products with weak lateral strength, resulting in reduced anchoring efficiency.

[0004] At present, the connection between composite materials and accessories includes mechanical connection, adhesive bonding, and a combination of mechanical connection and adhesive bonding. For parts with low strength requirements, the connection is achieved by adhesive bonding; for structural load-bearing parts, a combination of mechanical connection and adhesive bonding is used to ensure that the connection part can withstand sufficient shear force and peeling force. However, the performance of adhesive bonding is greatly affected by the environment, and the peeling resistance of adhesive bonding is poor. In addition, for existing large-span composite products, it is inconvenient to test the anchoring strength that the connector can withstand. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite material product and installation method, which has better fatigue resistance, high connection stability, self-anchoring performance, convenient anchoring strength testing, and anchoring is not limited by the length of the composite material substrate.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The composite material product provided by the present invention comprises a composite material substrate, at least one accessory, and at least one tapered portion fixed to the composite material substrate, wherein the tapered portion is formed by integrally wrapping and curing the same material as the composite material substrate, and the connecting end of the accessory is fixed to the composite material substrate by fastening with the outer tapered surface of the tapered portion.

[0008] Preferably, the tapered portion includes at least one first tapered section, and the attachment includes at least one connecting piece, and the connecting piece is fixed to the composite material substrate by being tightly matched with the outer tapered surface of the first tapered section.

[0009] Preferably, the tapered portion further includes at least one second tapered section, the first tapered section and the second tapered section have opposite tapers, and there is a distance between the first tapered section and the second tapered section, and the accessory further includes at least one auxiliary part, which cooperates with the second tapered section.

[0010] Preferably, the first tapered section and the second tapered section both include a first tapered portion, a transition portion, and a second tapered portion. The first tapered portion and the second tapered portion are connected via the transition portion, and the tapers of the first tapered portion and the second tapered portion are opposite.

[0011] Preferably, the angle between the inclined surface of the first cone portion and its center line is 0.1°-15°.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting piece is provided with a first conical hole matching with the first conical portion of the first conical section, and the taper of the first conical hole is the same as the taper of the first conical portion of the first conical section, and the auxiliary piece is provided with a second conical hole matching with the first conical portion of the second conical section, and the taper of the second conical hole is the same as the taper of the first conical portion of the second conical section.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting piece is made of metal material.

[0014] Preferably, the composite material is a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber composite material.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for installing a composite material product, wherein the composite material product is any of the structures described above, and its installation comprises the following steps: S1: pultruding a composite material substrate, S2: putting an accessory on the composite material substrate, S3: wrapping yarn on the composite material substrate, and solidifying and forming a tapered portion on the composite material substrate outside the accessory, and S4: pulling the accessory toward the tapered portion so that the accessory is fixed to the tapered portion.

[0016] Preferably, the accessory includes at least one connecting piece; in step S3, yarn is wrapped on the composite material substrate, and a first tapered section is solidified and formed on the composite material substrate outside the connecting piece, and then ground; in step S4, the connecting piece is tightened toward the first tapered section so that the connecting piece is fixed to the first tapered section.

[0017] Preferably, the accessory also includes at least one auxiliary part. In step S3, yarn is wrapped on the composite material substrate, and the first tapered section and the second tapered section are solidified and formed on the composite material substrate outside the connecting part and the auxiliary part, respectively, and then ground. The connecting part and the auxiliary part are surrounded by the first tapered section and the second tapered section. In step S4, the connecting part and the auxiliary part are tightened in opposite directions so that the connecting part is tightened toward the first tapered section, and the connecting part is fixed to the first tapered section.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The tapered part is made of the same material as the composite material substrate and is solidified by yarn wrapping. The expansion coefficient of the same material is the same, so that the anchor point of the composite material substrate has better fatigue resistance.

[0020] 2. The accessories are fastened to the composite material substrate through the tapered part. There is no problem of sudden change in stiffness between the composite material substrate and the accessories. The stress concentration caused by the accessories squeezing the composite material substrate is dispersed, avoiding the composite material substrate with weak lateral strength being clamped, so that the high strength of the composite material can be fully utilized and the anchoring efficiency is high. When the composite material substrate is subjected to tension, the synergistic effect of the tapered part and the accessories can realize the self-anchoring performance of the connector, with high connection stability, no need to apply glue or add other structures, high strength, low cost, and lighter product.

[0021] 3. The additional auxiliary parts solve the problem of inconvenient anchoring and strength testing of existing large-span composite products, while avoiding damage to the composite substrate caused by direct action on the composite substrate, and improving the strength of the composite substrate and the connection stability with the connecting parts.

[0022] 4. The tapered part can solve the problem of connectors being pulled out during composite product testing.

[0023] 5. The product gives full play to the material properties of composite materials, solves the problems of anchoring difficulty, poor stability, short life and so on in the anchoring technology of composite material system, and has high anchoring efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tapered portion of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a connecting piece according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the auxiliary component of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0032] The markings in the accompanying drawings are: 1-tapered portion, 11-first tapered section, 12-second tapered section, 2-spacing, 3-connecting piece, 4-auxiliary piece, 5-first tapered portion, 6-transition portion, 7-second tapered portion, 8-first tapered hole, 9-second tapered hole, 10-composite material substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] Contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the composite material product provided in this embodiment can be a long-line product such as a cable, a cable, and a ship anchor rope. The product in this embodiment is a cable, including a composite material substrate 10, an accessory, and a tapered portion 1 fixed to the composite material substrate 10. The tapered portion 1 is located at the right end of the composite material substrate 10. The tapered portion 1 is made of the same material as the composite material substrate 10 and is solidified by yarn wrapping, and both are carbon fiber composite materials. The expansion coefficient of the same material is the same, so that the anchor point of the composite material substrate 10 has better fatigue resistance. The tapered portion 1 of this embodiment is a first tapered section 11, and the accessory is a connector 3. The connector 3 is made of metal material. The connector 3 of this embodiment is a nut, and the connector 3 is fixed to the composite material substrate 10 by fastening with the outer cone surface of the first tapered section 11. Give full play to the material properties of the composite material, solve the problems of anchoring difficulty, poor stability, short life, etc. in the anchoring technology of the carbon composite material system, and the anchoring efficiency is high.

[0037] Furthermore, the first tapered section 11 includes a first tapered portion 5, a transition portion 6, and a second tapered portion 7. The first tapered portion 5 and the second tapered portion 7 are connected via the transition portion 6, and the first tapered portion 5 and the second tapered portion 7 have opposite tapers. The transition portion 6 and the second tapered portion 7 allow the yarn covering structure to transition smoothly with the composite material substrate 10, avoiding stress concentration, and the composite material substrate 10 is subjected to force dispersed in the axial direction, thereby improving anchoring stability.

[0038] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined surface of the first cone 5 and its center line is 2°, and the specific angle is selected according to actual production to meet different needs.

[0039] Furthermore, the middle part of the connector 3 is provided with a first tapered hole 8 that matches the first tapered portion 5 of the first tapered section 11. The first tapered hole 8 penetrates the left and right side walls of the connector 3, and the taper of the first tapered hole 8 is the same as the taper of the first tapered portion 5 of the first tapered section 11. Complementary matching is formed, the contact surface is inclined, there is no problem of sudden change in stiffness of the composite material substrate 10 and the connector 3, the stress concentration caused by the connector 3 squeezing the composite material substrate 10 is dispersed, and the composite material with weak lateral strength is avoided from being clamped, so that the high strength of the composite material can be fully utilized, and the anchoring efficiency is high; and when the composite material substrate 10 is subjected to tension, the synergistic effect of the first tapered section 11 and the connector 3 is used to achieve self-anchoring performance, without the need for gluing or adding other structures, the cost is low, and the product is lighter.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for installing a composite material product, and the installation includes the following steps: S1: pultruding a composite material substrate 10, S2: putting a connector 3 on the composite material substrate 10, S3: wrapping yarn on the composite material substrate 10, and curing and forming a first tapered section 11 on the composite material substrate 10 outside the connector 3, and grinding to a designed size, S4: tightening the connector 3 toward the first tapered section 11, so that the connector 3 is fixed to the first tapered section 11. When tightening, only a simple tightening action is required, and no other steps such as gluing are required, and the anchoring process is simple. The use of the tapered portion 1 can solve the problem of the connector 3 being pulled out during the test of the composite material product. In addition, during use, under the action of tension, the anchoring of the connector 3 and the first tapered section 11 becomes more and more stable, and the self-anchoring effect of the structure improves the stability of the anchoring. The production efficiency of the composite material substrate 10 can be significantly improved by processes such as pultrusion. It can produce products that are lighter and stronger than those on the market, thereby improving product competitiveness.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the composite material product provided in this embodiment can be a long-line product such as a cable, a cable, and a ship anchor rope. The product in this embodiment is a cable, which includes a composite material substrate 10, an accessory, and a tapered portion 1 fixed to the composite material substrate 10. The tapered portion 1 is located at the right end of the composite material substrate 10. The tapered portion 1 is made of the same material as the composite material substrate 10 and is solidified by yarn wrapping, and both are carbon fiber composite materials. The expansion coefficient of the same material is the same, so that the anchor point of the composite material substrate 10 has better fatigue resistance. The tapered portion 1 of this embodiment includes a first tapered section 11 and a second tapered section 12. The first tapered section 11 and the second tapered section 12 have opposite tapers, and there is a spacing 2 between the first tapered section 11 and the second tapered section 12. The accessory is a connecting piece 3 and an auxiliary piece 4. The connecting piece 3 and the auxiliary piece 4 are both made of metal materials. The connecting piece 3 of this embodiment is a nut. The connecting piece 3 is fixed to the composite material substrate 10 by fastening and matching with the outer cone surface of the first tapered section 11. The auxiliary piece 4 matches the second tapered section 12. The auxiliary part 4 is used to assist the connection part 3 in tightening and anchoring. When tightening, the force at one end acts on the auxiliary part 4, which facilitates the connection part 3 to be fastened to the first tapered section 11, solving the problem of inconvenience in anchoring and strength testing of existing large-span composite products, while avoiding direct action on the composite substrate 10 to damage the composite substrate 10, and improving the strength of the composite substrate 10 and the connection stability with the connection part 3. The material properties of the composite material are fully utilized, and the problems of anchoring difficulty, poor stability, short life, etc. existing in the anchoring technology of the carbon composite material system are solved, and the anchoring efficiency is high.

[0043] Furthermore, the first tapered section 11 and the second tapered section 12 both include a first tapered portion 5, a transition portion 6, and a second tapered portion 7. The first tapered portion 5 and the second tapered portion 7 are connected via the transition portion 6, and the first tapered portion 5 and the second tapered portion 7 have opposite tapers. The transition portion 6 and the second tapered portion 7 allow the yarn covering structure to transition smoothly with the composite material substrate 10, avoiding stress concentration, and the composite material substrate 10 is subjected to force dispersed in the axial direction, thereby improving anchoring stability.

[0044] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined surface of the first cone 5 and its center line is 2°, and the specific angle is selected according to actual production to meet different needs.

[0045] Furthermore, the middle part of the connector 3 is provided with a first tapered hole 8 that matches the first tapered portion 5 of the first tapered section 11. The first tapered hole 8 penetrates the left and right side walls of the connector 3, and the taper of the first tapered hole 8 is the same as the taper of the first tapered portion 5 of the first tapered section 11. Complementary matching is formed, the contact surface is inclined, there is no problem of sudden change in stiffness of the composite material substrate 10 and the connector 3, the stress concentration caused by the connector 3 squeezing the composite material substrate 10 is dispersed, and the composite material with weak lateral strength is avoided from being clamped, so that the high strength of the composite material can be fully utilized, and the anchoring efficiency is high; and when the composite material substrate 10 is subjected to tension, the synergistic effect of the first tapered section 11 and the connector 3 is used to achieve self-anchoring performance, without the need for gluing or adding other structures, the cost is low, and the product is lighter. A second conical hole 9 is provided in the middle of the auxiliary part 4 to match the first conical portion 5 of the second conical section 12. The second conical hole 9 passes through the left and right side walls of the auxiliary part 4. The taper of the second conical hole 9 is the same as that of the first conical portion 5 of the second conical section 12, forming a complementary fit. The contact surface is inclined, and there is no problem of sudden change in stiffness between the composite material substrate 10 and the auxiliary part 4. The stress concentration caused by the auxiliary part 4 squeezing the composite material substrate 10 is dispersed, and the composite material substrate 10 with weak lateral strength is avoided from being clamped, so that the high strength of the composite material can be fully utilized to play the role of auxiliary connector 3 anchoring; by wrapping the composite material substrate 10 at a certain distance from the first conical section 11 and curing it into the second conical section 12, and matching with the auxiliary part 4 with a complementary taper, the inconvenience of the anchoring process and the strength test that the connector 3 (anchoring end) can withstand caused by the composite material substrate 10 being too long is effectively solved. The stress distribution of the anchoring system of the present invention is more reasonable, and the stress in the anchoring area is more evenly distributed along the axial direction.

[0046] The present invention also provides a method for installing a composite product, comprising the following steps: S1: pultruding a composite substrate 10, S2: putting a connector 3 and an auxiliary component 4 on the composite substrate 10, S3: wrapping yarn on the composite substrate 10, first curing and forming a first tapered section 11 on the composite substrate 10 on the right side of the connector 3, and grinding it to a designed size, then curing and forming a second tapered section 12 on the composite substrate 10 on the left side of the auxiliary component 4, and grinding it to a designed size, and enclosing the connector 3 and the auxiliary component 4 by the first tapered section 11 and the second tapered section 12, S4: clamping the connector 3 and the auxiliary component 4 at the same time, respectively tightening the connector 3 and the auxiliary component 4 in opposite directions, so that the connector 3 is tightened toward the first tapered section 11, and the connector 3 is fixed to the first tapered section 11. When tightening, only a simple tightening action is required, and no other steps such as gluing are required, and the anchoring process is simple. The use of the tapered portion 1 can solve the problem of the connector 3 being pulled out during the test of the composite product. In addition, during use, under the action of tension, the anchoring of the connector 3 and the first tapered section 11 becomes more and more stable, and the self-anchoring effect of the structure improves the stability of the anchoring. The production efficiency of the composite material substrate 10 can be significantly improved through processes such as pultrusion. It can produce products that are lighter and stronger than those on the market, thereby improving product competitiveness.

[0047] Embodiment three:

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the composite material product provided in this embodiment includes two groups of tapered portions 1 fixed at the left and right ends of the composite material substrate 10 .

[0049] Embodiment 4:

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the composite material product provided in this embodiment includes three groups of tapered portions 1 fixed to the left and right ends and the middle of the composite material substrate 10 .

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Composite material product, characterized in that: comprising a composite material substrate, at least one attachment, and at least one tapered portion fixed to the composite material substrate; The tapered portion is formed by curing the same material as the composite material substrate; The connecting end of the accessory is fixed to the composite material base material by being tightly matched with the outer conical surface of the tapered portion; The tapered portion includes at least one first tapered section; The accessory comprises at least one connecting member; The connecting piece is fixed to the composite material substrate by being tightly matched with the outer conical surface of the first conical section; The tapered portion further comprises at least one second tapered section, the first tapered section and the second tapered section have opposite tapers, and there is a gap between the first tapered section and the second tapered section; The accessory also includes at least one auxiliary component; The auxiliary member cooperates with the second tapered section; The first tapered section and the second tapered section each include a first tapered portion, a transition portion, and a second tapered portion; The first cone portion and the second cone portion are connected via the transition portion; The first cone and the second cone have opposite tapers; The connecting piece is made of metal material; The composite material is a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber composite material.

2. The composite material product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined surface of the first cone and its center line is 0.1°-15°.

3. The composite material product according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member is provided with a first tapered hole matched with the first tapered portion of the first tapered section, and the taper of the first tapered hole is the same as the taper of the first tapered portion of the first tapered section; The auxiliary component is provided with a second tapered hole matched with the first tapered portion of the second tapered section, and the taper of the second tapered hole is the same as the taper of the first tapered portion of the second tapered section.

4. A method for installing a composite material product, characterized in that: Installing the composite material product according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprises the following steps: S1: pultruded composite substrate; S2: Put the accessory on the composite material substrate; S3: wrapping yarn on the composite material substrate, and curing and forming a tapered portion on the composite material substrate outside the attachment; S4: Pull the accessory toward the tapered portion to fix the accessory to the tapered portion.

5. The method for installing a composite material product according to claim 4, characterized in that: The accessory includes at least one connecting piece; in step S3, yarn is wrapped on the composite material substrate, and a first tapered section is solidified and formed on the composite material substrate outside the connecting piece, and then ground; in step S4, the connecting piece is tightened toward the first tapered section so that the connecting piece is fixed to the first tapered section.

6. The method for installing a composite material product according to claim 4, characterized in that: The accessory also includes at least one auxiliary part. In step S3, yarn is wrapped on the composite material substrate, and a first tapered section and a second tapered section are solidified and formed on the composite material substrate outside the connecting part and the auxiliary part, respectively, and then ground, so that the connecting part and the auxiliary part are surrounded by the first tapered section and the second tapered section; in step S4, the connecting part and the auxiliary part are tightened in opposite directions so that the connecting part is tightened toward the first tapered section, and the connecting part is fixed to the first tapered section.

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