A fiber optic junction box for smart IoT towers

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent Internet of Things type optical fiber junction box for towers, comprising a junction box base and a junction box shell installed on the junction box base, an environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit is provided at an assembly port on a side of the junction box shell away from the junction box base, and the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit is connected to a cloud server through network communication; it also comprises a cover body arranged outside the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit, the cover body is located outside the junction box, and the cover port of the cover body is sealed and matched with the junction box shell; wherein the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit collects the environment data and location data of the junction box in real time, performs fault analysis according to the collected environment data, generates early warning or alarm information when the environment data exceeds a preset threshold, and sends the early warning or alarm information and the location data of the junction box to the cloud server. The present invention can improve the efficiency of fault discovery and troubleshooting of the junction box, and can protect the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of optical cable junction boxes, and in particular to an optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower. Background Art

[0002] The tower optical cable junction box is used to protect the joint of the optical fiber between two sections of optical cable, and a section of optical fiber is reserved in the junction box for maintenance. It is one of the very important equipment in optical cable line engineering and power construction engineering. The temperature, humidity, air pressure, light intensity, sealing performance and other working conditions of the optical cable junction box directly affect the quality of the optical cable line inside the junction box and its service life. There are some disadvantages in the use of traditional tower optical cable junction boxes. For example, most equipment requires regular inspections by personnel, and the staff will only notice it when there is a significant fault in the junction box. If a communication failure occurs, since it is impossible to determine the location of the faulty junction box and the basic situation on site, the staff has to check along the line, which not only consumes a lot of manpower, but also makes it difficult to monitor and warn the internal situation of the junction box in real time, and it is impossible to effectively suppress risk factors before the failure occurs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent Internet of Things type optical fiber junction box for a tower, which can improve the efficiency of fault discovery and troubleshooting of the junction box, and can protect the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is specifically as follows.

[0005] An intelligent Internet of Things type optical fiber junction box for a tower comprises a junction box base and a junction box shell installed on the junction box base, a mounting port is provided on the junction box shell on a side away from the junction box base, an environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit is provided at the mounting port, and the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit is connected to a cloud server through network communication; and further comprises a cover body which is arranged on the outside of the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit, the cover body is located outside the junction box, and the cover port of the cover body is sealed and matched with the junction box shell; wherein the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit collects environment data and position data of the junction box in real time, and according to the collected environment data The system performs fault analysis based on the environmental data, generates a warning or alarm message when the environmental data exceeds a preset threshold, and sends the warning or alarm message and the location data of the junction box to the cloud server, wherein the environmental data of the junction box includes one or more of the temperature and humidity, air pressure, light intensity, and the inclination angle of the junction box, and the preset threshold includes one or more of the temperature and humidity threshold, the air pressure threshold, the light intensity threshold, and the inclination angle threshold of the junction box, and the warning or alarm message includes one or more of the current environmental data, the information prompting that the current environmental data is about to exceed the preset threshold, and the information prompting that the current environmental data exceeds the preset threshold.

[0006] Preferably, the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit comprises a mounting seat, an LPWAN communication antenna, a positioning module antenna, a photovoltaic panel, a main control electronics board, a main controller, an LPWAN communication module, a positioning module and a sensor assembly, wherein the sensor assembly comprises one or more of a temperature and humidity sensor, a tilt detection sensor, a light intensity sensor and an air pressure sensor; the mounting seat is detachably sealed and assembled in the assembly port, the main control electronics board is mounted on the mounting seat, and the cover port of the cover body is assembled and connected to the mounting seat; the LPWAN communication antenna and the positioning module antenna are both mounted on the side of the main control electronics board facing the cover body, and the LPWAN communication antenna and the positioning module antenna are both electrically connected to the main control electronics board; the sensor assembly, the main controller, the LPWAN communication module and the positioning module are all mounted on the side of the main control electronics board facing the junction box base, and the sensor assembly, the main controller, the LPWAN communication module and the positioning module are all electrically connected to the main control electronics board; the main controller is respectively connected to the sensor assembly, the LPWAN communication The communication module and the positioning module are electrically connected; the LPWAN communication module is electrically connected to the LPWAN communication antenna through the main control electronics board; the LPWAN communication antenna is communicatively connected to the cloud server; the positioning module is electrically connected to the positioning module antenna through the main control electronics board; the positioning module antenna is communicatively connected to the satellite positioning system, wherein the satellite positioning system includes one or more of the GPS satellite positioning system, the Beidou satellite positioning system, and the GLONASS satellite positioning system; wherein the sensor component collects environmental data and sends it to the main controller; the positioning module interacts and communicates with the satellite positioning system through the positioning module antenna, obtains the location data of the junction box and sends it to the main controller, wherein the location data includes the latitude and longitude data of the junction box; the main controller receives the environmental data, analyzes and processes it, and then compares the analyzed and processed environmental data with the preset threshold value in the main controller, and when the environmental data reaches the preset threshold range, sends early warning or alarm information and the location data of the junction box to the cloud server.

[0007] Preferably, the LPWAN communication antenna is a NB-IOT antenna / LoRa antenna, and the LPWAN communication module is a NB-IOT module / LoRa module.

[0008] Preferably, the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit also includes a photovoltaic panel, an energy recovery conversion module and a rechargeable battery; the photovoltaic panel is installed on the side of the main control electronics board facing the cover body, the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the main control electronics board, the energy recovery conversion module and the rechargeable battery are both installed on the side of the main control electronics board facing the junction box base, and the energy recovery conversion module and the rechargeable battery are both electrically connected to the main control electronics board; the photovoltaic panel is connected to the energy recovery conversion module through the main control electronics board, and the rechargeable battery is connected to the energy recovery conversion module; the cover body is made of transparent material; wherein the photovoltaic panel collects light energy, the energy recovery conversion module converts light energy into electrical energy and charges the rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery stores electrical energy, and supplies power to the LPWAN communication antenna, the positioning module antenna, the sensor assembly, the main controller, the LPWAN communication module and the positioning module respectively through the main control electronics board.

[0009] Preferably, the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit also includes a reflective insulation layer, which is arranged on the side of the main control electronics board away from the junction box base, and the LPWAN communication antenna, positioning module antenna, and photovoltaic panel are all located on the side of the reflective insulation layer away from the main control electronics board. The reflective insulation layer is used to block and reflect light and heat.

[0010] Preferably, an A interface for connecting the LPWAN communication antenna, a B interface for connecting the positioning module antenna, and a C interface for connecting the photovoltaic panel are welded and assembled on the side of the main control electronic board away from the junction box base, and the reflective insulation layer is provided with an A vacant portion, a B vacant portion, and a C vacant portion for avoiding the A interface, the B interface, and the C interface respectively; the reflective insulation layer is arranged in close contact with the surface of the main control electronic board.

[0011] Preferably, the cover body is an incomplete spherical shell structure.

[0012] Preferably, the cover body is a hemispherical shell structure.

[0013] Preferably, the cover body is made of organic glass.

[0014] Preferably, the cover body is bonded and fixed to the mounting seat.

[0015] Preferably, the mounting seat is formed of an annular frame, the outer periphery of the annular frame is detachably sealed and connected with the assembly opening, and the inside of the annular frame is fitted with the edge of the reflective insulation layer.

[0016] Preferably, the reflective heat-insulating layer is assembled and connected to the optical electronic board through a locking piece.

[0017] Preferably, the locking member is a screw.

[0018] Preferably, a surface of the reflective heat insulation layer that faces away from the optical electronic board is formed of an aluminum alloy thin film reflective layer.

[0019] Preferably, the mounting seat is installed in the assembly opening by threaded assembly, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the mounting seat and the assembly opening.

[0020] Preferably, an optical fiber storage tray for storing part of the optical fibers is arranged in the junction box housing.

[0021] Preferably, the inclination detection sensor is a three-axis acceleration sensor.

[0022] Preferably, the light intensity sensor is a digital light intensity sensor.

[0023] Preferably, the rechargeable battery is a rechargeable lithium battery.

[0024] Preferably, the main controller is STM32.

[0025] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0026] The intelligent Internet of Things type optical fiber junction box for towers provided by the present invention is provided with an environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit at an assembly opening on a side of the junction box shell away from the junction box base. The environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit is connected to a cloud server through network communication, and is used to collect environmental data and position data of the junction box in real time, perform fault analysis according to the collected environmental data, and generate early warning or alarm information when the environmental data exceeds a preset threshold, and send the early warning or alarm information and the position data of the junction box to the cloud server, so as to facilitate timely discovery of faults and improve the efficiency of troubleshooting the location of the junction box, thereby facilitating the improvement of troubleshooting efficiency. In addition, a cover body is provided on the outside of the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit, the cover body is located outside the junction box, and the cover opening of the cover body is sealed and matched with the junction box shell, so as to protect the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit, and at least play a role of dustproof and waterproof. By adopting the above solution, not only can an efficient and reliable inspection method be provided for maintenance personnel, thereby improving the efficiency of discovering and troubleshooting junction box faults, but the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing units can also be protected, thereby improving the service life and environmental adaptability of the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing units.

[0027] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 A front view of an intelligent IoT tower optical fiber junction box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along AA direction;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A disassembled schematic diagram of a fiber optic junction box for a smart IoT tower as shown in FIG.

[0032] Figure 4 A front view of the cover body and the environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit provided in the embodiment of the present application when assembled;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0034] Figure 6 A top view of the environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Side view of

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A bottom view of the environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit shown in ;

[0037] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a reflective heat-insulating layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.10 A principle block diagram for reflecting the connection relationship between various components on the main control electronic board provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] The corresponding relationship of each figure number is as follows:

[0040] 100-junction box, 110-junction box base, 120-junction box shell, 121-assembly port, 130-optical fiber storage tray, 200-environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit, 210-mounting seat, 220-LPWAN communication antenna, 230-positioning module antenna, 240-photovoltaic panel, 250-main control electronics board, 260-main controller, 270-LPWAN communication module, 280-positioning module, 290-sensor assembly, 291-temperature and humidity sensor, 292-tilt detection sensor, 293-light intensity sensor, 294-air pressure sensor, 300-cover, 500-energy recovery conversion module, 600-rechargeable battery, 700-reflective insulation layer, 710-reflective layer, 720-insulation layer, 800-sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is specifically described below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific implementations of the present application, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically requested by the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0042] The problems faced by the embodiments of the present application are: traditional tower optical cable junction boxes have some disadvantages during use, such as: most equipment requires regular inspections by personnel, and the staff will only notice it when there is a significant fault in the junction box. If a communication failure occurs, since it is impossible to determine the location of the faulty junction box and the basic conditions on site, the staff cannot investigate along the line, which not only consumes a lot of manpower, but also makes it difficult to monitor and warn the internal conditions of the junction box in real time, and it is impossible to effectively suppress risk factors before the fault occurs. Since tower optical cable junction boxes are deployed at high altitudes on outdoor power towers and poles for a long time, the environment is very harsh. The main risk factors and disadvantages faced by existing tower optical cable junction boxes are:

[0043] (1) The dust and water resistance of the tower optical cable junction box failed, causing the internal humidity to rise;

[0044] (2) The optical cable junction box on the tower tilted. Since the bell part of the junction box is heavy, the junction box sealed with a clamp is very easy to tilt and may further overturn, causing the risk of internal water accumulation and damage to the optical fiber.

[0045] (3) The temperature inside the tower optical cable junction box is too high. In the case of direct sunlight during the day, high temperature and high humidity will accelerate the aging of key internal components.

[0046] (4) The location information of the tower optical cable junction box is highly dependent on the database, especially the location information and accumulated operating time information, which is difficult to update in real time. Once the database is not updated in time, it will consume a lot of time and energy of the staff.

[0047] In response to the above problems, Chinese patent application CN110501794A discloses an optical cable junction box with humidity detection function and air pressure balancing device, which is characterized by being able to detect internal humidity using a fiber grating humidity sensor and release pressure through a pressure self-regulating mechanism when the internal air pressure is too high. The technical solution provided by this patent application is mainly to monitor the internal humidity of the optical cable junction box and release pressure through a pressure self-regulating structure. This patent fails to effectively deal with fault / risk factors such as high temperature and tilt, and has problems such as time-consuming inspection in maintenance. In addition, although the fiber grating humidity sensor used is highly accurate, it is expensive.

[0048] Chinese patent application CN111025505A discloses a monitoring device for a power optical cable junction box, which is characterized in that a circuit board shell is fixedly welded to the outer side wall of the optical cable junction box shell, a circuit board is fixedly installed inside the circuit board shell, an antenna is fixedly welded to one side of the circuit board, and one end of the antenna penetrates the side wall of the circuit board shell and extends to the outside of the circuit board shell; there are STM32 processing modules; SIM7600CE transmission modules; level measurement modules, GPS positioning modules, photoresistor modules, temperature and humidity modules are installed inside the junction box. The technical solution provided by this patent application adopts the method of temperature and humidity sensors built into the junction box for status monitoring, which better realizes the fault diagnosis of the junction box. However, due to the use of the scheme of external data transceiver and positioning module, it is necessary to install connectors on the junction box shell, which poses a safety hazard. In addition, the data adopts the SIM card communication mode, and the power consumption is still relatively large compared with the latest NB-IOT and LoRa technologies, and the cost is relatively high.

[0049] Chinese patent application CN111007614A discloses a new type of power optical cable junction box, characterized in that the circuit board includes an interface, a pin and an information processing module, the circuit board is fixedly connected with an information processing module, a capacitor module, a level measurement module, a photoresistor, a positioning module, an information transmission module and a pin by bolts, a SIM card slot is provided on one side of the circuit board, the information processing module, the capacitor module, the level measurement module, the photoresistor, the positioning module and the information transmission module are all fixedly connected with the pin, the pin is welded with the interface, and the information processing module, the capacitor module, the level measurement module, the photoresistor, the positioning module, the information transmission module and the pin are all electrically connected with the interface. This patent application also uses an external device but the temperature and humidity sensor is built into the junction box for status monitoring. All key components are placed outside the junction box, and for the sensors required for internal monitoring, holes need to be opened for implantation. The technical solution proposed in this patent application lacks the collection of information such as air pressure and light intensity. In addition, part of the device is located inside a reliable protective shell, but the data antenna and battery are directly external, and there is a lack of effective heat insulation measures, which poses a reliability risk. The solar panel is directly placed outside the junction box, lacking protection, and long-term dust accumulation will greatly weaken its photovoltaic power generation efficiency. The communication mode is based on SIM7600CE, and the power consumption is relatively large.

[0050] See also Figures 1 to 10 The embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent Internet of Things tower optical fiber junction box, which aims to solve the following technical problems: some devices of the existing junction box 100 are located outside the junction box 100 and lack protection; the junction box housing 120 needs to have holes opened, which affects the sealing performance, and in turn affects the temperature, humidity, air pressure, light intensity and other factors inside the junction box 100.

[0051] The implementation scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a junction box base 110 and a junction box shell 120 installed on the junction box base 110, and an assembly port 121 is provided on the side of the junction box shell 120 away from the junction box base 110, and an environmental monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200 is provided at the assembly port 121, and the environmental monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200 is connected to the cloud server through network communication; and also includes a cover body 300 covered on the outside of the environmental monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200, the cover body 300 is located outside the junction box 100, and the cover opening of the cover body 300 is sealed and connected to the junction box shell 120; wherein the environmental monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200 collects environmental data and location data of the junction box 100 in real time, and according to the collected environmental data Perform fault analysis, and generate early warning or alarm information when environmental data exceeds a preset threshold, and send the early warning or alarm information and the location data of the junction box 100 to the cloud server, so that the staff can understand the location of the junction box 100 and the fault information of the junction box 100 through the cloud server, wherein the environmental data of the junction box 100 includes one or more of the temperature and humidity, air pressure, light intensity, and the inclination angle of the junction box 100 in the junction box 100, and the preset threshold includes one or more of the temperature and humidity threshold, the air pressure threshold, the light intensity threshold, and the inclination angle threshold of the junction box 100, and the early warning or alarm information includes one or more of the current environmental data, the information indicating that the current environmental data is about to exceed the preset threshold, and the information indicating that the current environmental data exceeds the preset threshold.

[0052] The intelligent Internet of Things tower optical fiber junction box provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with an environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200 at an assembly opening 121 on a side of the junction box housing 120 away from the junction box base 110. The environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200 is connected to a cloud server through network communication, and is used to collect environmental data and position data of the junction box 100 in real time, perform fault analysis according to the collected environmental data, and generate early warning or alarm information when the environmental data exceeds a preset threshold, and send the early warning or alarm information and the position data of the junction box 100 to the cloud server, so as to facilitate timely discovery of faults and improve the efficiency of troubleshooting the location of the junction box 100, thereby facilitating the improvement of troubleshooting efficiency; in addition, a cover body 300 is provided on the outside of the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200, the cover body 300 is located outside the junction box 100, and the cover opening of the cover body 300 is sealed and matched with the junction box housing 120, so as to protect the environment monitoring and data transceiving processing unit 200, and at least play a role of dustproof and waterproof. By adopting the above solution, not only can an efficient and reliable inspection method be provided for maintenance personnel, thereby improving the efficiency of discovering and troubleshooting faults in the junction box 100, but the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 can also be protected, thereby improving the service life and environmental adaptability of the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200.

[0053] Specifically, see Figures 2 to 8The environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 includes a mounting base 210, an LPWAN communication antenna 220, a positioning module antenna 230, a photovoltaic panel 240, a main control electronics board 250, a main controller 260, an LPWAN communication module 270, a positioning module 280 and a sensor assembly 290, wherein the sensor assembly 290 includes one or more of a temperature and humidity sensor 291, a tilt detection sensor 292, a light intensity sensor 293, and an air pressure sensor 294; the temperature and humidity sensor 291 is used to collect temperature and humidity data in the junction box 100, the tilt detection sensor 292 is used to detect the tilt angle of the junction box 100 to characterize the posture of the junction box 100, the light intensity sensor 293 is used to detect the light intensity data in the junction box 100, and the air pressure sensor 294 is used to detect the air pressure data in the junction box 100. The mounting seat 210 is detachably mounted in the mounting opening 121, and the mounting seat 210 and the mounting opening 121 are sealed and matched. The main control electronic board 250 is mounted on the mounting seat 210, and the cover opening of the cover body 300 is assembled and connected with the mounting seat 210. The LPWAN communication antenna 220 and the positioning module antenna 230 are both mounted on the side of the main control electronic board 250 facing the cover body 300, that is, the LPWAN communication antenna 220 and the positioning module antenna 230 are located in the cavity enclosed by the cover body 300 and the main control electronic board 250; the LPWAN communication antenna 220 and the positioning module antenna 230 are both electrically connected to the main control electronic board 250. The sensor assembly 290, the main controller 260, the LPWAN communication module 270, and the positioning module 280 are all installed on the side of the main control electronics board 250 facing the junction box base 110, that is, the sensor assembly 290, the main controller 260, the LPWAN communication module 270, and the positioning module 280 are located in the chamber enclosed by the main control electronics board 250, the junction box housing 120, and the junction box base 110; and the sensor assembly 290, the main controller 260, the LPWAN communication module 270, and the positioning module 280 are all electrically connected to the main control electronics board 250. The main controller 260 is electrically connected to the sensor assembly 290, the LPWAN communication module 270, and the positioning module 280 respectively. The LPWAN communication module 270 is electrically connected to the LPWAN communication antenna 220 through the main control electronics board 250. The LPWAN communication antenna 220 is communicatively connected to the cloud server; the positioning module 280 is electrically connected to the positioning module antenna 230 through the main control electronics board; the positioning module antenna 230 is communicatively connected to the satellite positioning system, wherein the satellite positioning system includes one or more of the GPS satellite positioning system, the Beidou satellite positioning system, and the GLONASS satellite positioning system.Among them, the sensor component 290 collects environmental data and sends it to the main controller 260; the positioning module 280 interacts and communicates with the satellite positioning system through the positioning module antenna 230, obtains the location data of the junction box 100 and sends it to the main controller 260, and the location data includes the latitude and longitude data of the junction box; the main controller 260 receives the environmental data, analyzes and processes it, and then compares the analyzed and processed environmental data with the preset threshold value in the main controller 260, and when the environmental data enters / reaches the preset threshold range, sends early warning or alarm information and the location data of the junction box 100 to the cloud server.

[0054] The positioning module antenna 230 and the positioning module 280 mentioned above can be implemented by using corresponding components or equipment in the prior art.

[0055] LPWAN, or low-power wide area network, can greatly reduce power consumption and cost compared to the existing SIM card communication mode.

[0056] The above-mentioned LPWAN communication antenna 220 is a NB-IOT antenna / LoRa antenna, and the LPWAN communication module 270 is a NB-IOT module / LoRa module. That is, NB-IOT / LoRa communication technology is adopted, and the use of such wireless communication technology can effectively reduce power consumption.

[0057] In addition to using low-power wireless communication technologies such as NB-IOT and LoRa to implement the solution of this embodiment, any one of SIGFOX, Telensa, and LTE Cat-M1 communication technologies can also be used to implement this embodiment.

[0058] The above preset thresholds are not only written into the main controller, but also written into each sensor. The reason for writing into the sensor is that the main controller has two working states:

[0059] First, the main controller 260 works in the internal timed wake-up mode, in which the main controller 260 collects data from various sensors and compares the collected data with the preset thresholds written in advance in the main controller 260, and then determines whether there is an alarm event. If there is an alarm event, the main controller 260 sends a warning message or alarm message to the cloud via the LPWAN communication antenna 220. This mode lasts for a short time;

[0060] Secondly, the main controller 260 works in the external wake-up mode, that is, the sleep state, and needs to be awakened by an external sleep interrupt signal before it can work normally. In this mode, the main controller 260 is first in a low-power sleep state, and the main controller 260 does not have the ability to collect environmental parameters. In order to continue to obtain the early warning capability of environmental parameters, the parameters are written into the corresponding sensors. When the environmental parameters exceed the preset threshold range written in advance inside the sensor, the sensor sends a wake-up signal to wake up the main controller 260. After waking up, the main controller 260 will still collect data from each sensor again, and compare the collected data with the preset threshold written in advance inside the main controller 260, and then determine whether there is an alarm event; the main controller 260 is in the external wake-up mode most of the time, which can save a lot of energy consumption and improve the adaptability of the equipment to long-term operation in the field environment.

[0061] Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the preset thresholds written into each sensor may not be exactly the same as the thresholds written into the main controller 260. Usually, the thresholds of the preset thresholds written into the sensors may be set slightly lower than the thresholds of the preset thresholds in the main controller 260. In this way, once an abnormality occurs, the main controller 260 can be awakened in advance, leaving more reaction and processing time for the main controller 260, thereby timely feeding back early warning or alarm information to the cloud server, making fault discovery and troubleshooting operations more timely and rapid.

[0062] In order to enable the junction box 100 and the environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 to adapt to the long-term field working environment, the embodiment of the present application is preferably, refer to Figures 2 to 8The environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 further includes a photovoltaic panel 240, an energy recovery conversion module 500 and a rechargeable battery 600; the photovoltaic panel 240 is installed on the side of the main control electronic board 250 facing the cover body 300, the photovoltaic panel 240 is electrically connected to the main control electronic board 250, the energy recovery conversion module 500 and the rechargeable battery 600 are both installed on the side of the main control electronic board 250 facing the junction box base 110, and the energy recovery conversion module 500 and the rechargeable battery 600 are both electrically connected to the main control electronic board 250; the photovoltaic panel 240 is connected to the energy recovery conversion module 500 through the main control electronic board 250 The module 500 is connected, and the rechargeable battery 600 is connected to the energy recovery conversion module 500; the cover body 300 is made of a transparent material, which is beneficial to improving light transmittance and increasing the absorption and utilization rate of light energy by the photovoltaic panel 240; wherein, the photovoltaic panel 240 collects light energy, the energy recovery conversion module 500 converts the light energy into electrical energy and charges the rechargeable battery 600, the rechargeable battery 600 stores electrical energy and supplies power to the LPWAN communication antenna 220, the positioning module antenna 230, the sensor assembly 290, the main controller 260, the LPWAN communication module 270 and the positioning module 280 respectively through the main control electronics board 250.

[0063] See also Figures 1 to 5 , the cover body 300 is an incomplete spherical shell structure. The photovoltaic panel 240, the energy recovery conversion module 500 and the rechargeable battery 600 constitute a small photovoltaic energy recovery system. The spherical protective shell is encapsulated with a small photovoltaic energy recovery system, so that the junction box 100 can work stably in the field environment for a long time. The cover body 300 adopts a spherical appearance feature, so that dust is not easy to accumulate on the outer surface of the cover body 300, and a good light-through window can be provided to ensure the photovoltaic power generation capacity. At the same time, the NB-IOT antenna and the positioning module antenna 230 can have a wide radio frequency communication transmission angle, improve communication efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and protect it from the influence of meteorological conditions such as wind and rain.

[0064] The cover body 300 is preferably a hemispherical shell structure. The hemispherical shell is easier to process and manufacture.

[0065] The cover body 300 is made of organic glass, which has high strength, good light transmittance, corrosion resistance, high and low temperature resistance and other properties, and can effectively protect the components in the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200.

[0066] The cover body 300 and the mounting seat 210 are bonded and fixed using a high-reliability adhesive.

[0067] See also Figures 2 to 9The environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 also includes a reflective insulation layer 700, which is arranged on the side of the main control electronics board 250 away from the junction box base 110. The NB-IOT antenna, the positioning module antenna 230, and the photovoltaic panel 240 are all located on the side of the reflective insulation layer 700 away from the main control electronics board 250. The reflective insulation layer 700 is used to block and reflect light and heat. The NB-IOT antenna, the positioning module antenna 230, and the photovoltaic panel 240 are fixed on the surface of the reflective insulation layer 700. The reflective insulation layer 700 can reduce the absorption of light and heat by the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200, and at the same time play a good light-shielding effect on the inside of the junction box 100.

[0068] Among them, Figure 5 and Fig. 9 As shown, the reflective insulation layer 700 includes a reflective layer 710 and a heat insulation layer 720. The reflective layer 710 is arranged close to the photovoltaic panel 240 to reflect light, and the heat insulation layer 720 is arranged close to the main control electronic board 250 to block heat energy from radiating and conducting to the main control electronic board 250.

[0069] See also Figures 2 to 8 On the side of the main control electronic board 250 away from the junction box base 110, a NB-IOT antenna interface for connecting to the NB-IOT antenna, a positioning module antenna 230 interface for connecting to the positioning module antenna 230, and a photovoltaic panel 240 interface for connecting to the photovoltaic panel 240 are welded and assembled. The reflective heat insulation layer 700 is provided with A vacancy, B vacancy, and C vacancy for avoiding the NB-IOT antenna interface, the positioning module antenna 230 interface, and the photovoltaic panel 240 interface respectively; the reflective heat insulation layer 700 is arranged close to the surface of the main control electronic board 250. On the surface of the main control electronic board 250 away from the junction box base 110, except for the NB-IOT antenna interface, the positioning module antenna 230 interface, and the photovoltaic panel 240 interface, there are no other electronic components to ensure that the reflective heat insulation layer 700 can be well attached to the surface of the main control electronic board 250.

[0070] See also Figure 3 The mounting seat 210 is formed of an annular frame, the outer periphery of the annular frame and the assembly opening 121 form a detachable sealed fitting connection, and the inside of the annular frame is fitted and assembled with the edge of the reflective insulation layer 700.

[0071] In order to prevent the reflective heat insulation layer 700 from being deformed due to long-term use, the reflective heat insulation layer 700 is assembled and connected to the optical electronic board through a locking member.

[0072] Preferably, see Figures 3 to 5 There are several screws between the reflective insulation layer 700 and the circuit board for fixing.

[0073] The surface of the reflective heat insulation layer 700 that is away from the main control electronic board 250 is composed of an aluminum alloy thin film reflective layer 710. The aluminum alloy thin film has the characteristics of low cost and high reflectivity, and can effectively reflect the light wave component that produces thermal effect in sunlight.

[0074] The reflective insulation layer 700 may adopt a reflective insulation product in the prior art. In the prior art, an aluminum alloy film is usually used as the material of the reflective layer 710 and insulation foam is used as the material of the insulation layer 720, wherein there are many types of insulation foams.

[0075] Of course, the reflective layer 710 composed of the aluminum alloy film can also be replaced by a mirror stainless steel sheet, or a structure made of other metal films with a smooth surface as a reflective surface, as long as the purpose of reflecting the light wave component that produces a thermal effect in the sunlight can be achieved. Of course, it is best to take into account the requirements of light reflection efficiency, cost, and suitability for long-term outdoor complex environments. In summary, the reflective insulation layer 700 structure with the aluminum alloy film as the reflective layer 710 and the insulation foam as the insulation layer 720 is more preferred.

[0076] See also Figure 4 The mounting seat 210 is installed in the assembly port 121 by threaded assembly, and a sealing ring 800 is provided at the connection between the mounting seat 210 and the assembly port 121. The junction box housing 120 and the environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 can be fixed together by threaded assembly, and the sealing ring 800 provides reliable sealing characteristics.

[0077] See also Figures 1 to 3 Since the junction box 100 is used to protect the joint of the optical fiber between two sections of optical cables, and a section of optical fiber is reserved in the junction box for maintenance use, in order to store and arrange the reserved section of optical fiber, an optical fiber storage tray 130 for storing part of the optical fiber is arranged in the junction box housing 120.

[0078] The above-mentioned main controller 260 is an STM32 main controller 260. In addition to using an STM32 chip as the main controller 260, single-chip microcomputers such as MSP340, STM8, and STC15 can also be used. However, in comparison, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer has a higher cost-effectiveness due to its built-in ARM-Cortex M series 32-bit core, advanced instruction set, wide voltage (2 to 3.6V), and internal bus structure. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application preferably uses an STM32 single-chip microcomputer as the main controller 260.

[0079] The above-mentioned inclination detection sensor 292 is a three-axis acceleration sensor, the light intensity sensor 293 is a digital light intensity sensor 293, a battery holder is welded and assembled on the main control electronics board 250, and the rechargeable battery 600 is detachably installed on the battery holder. The rechargeable battery 600 is a rechargeable lithium battery.

[0080] The inclination detection sensor 292 may also be a two-axis acceleration sensor, but a special installation method is required, that is, the two-axis acceleration sensor chip needs to be fixedly installed on a mounting surface perpendicular to the main control electronics board 250 .

[0081] More preferably, the temperature and humidity sensor 291 is preferably SHT30, the tilt detection sensor 292 is preferably ADXL345, the light intensity sensor 293 is preferably BH1750, and the air pressure sensor 294 is preferably BMP180. These sensors can all operate at ultra-low voltage and have a current consumption as low as tens of microamperes during operation. Of course, as long as the requirements such as low power consumption can be met, the above-mentioned temperature and humidity sensor 291, tilt detection sensor 292, light intensity sensor 293, and air pressure sensor 294 can also use other types of components in the prior art.

[0082] In addition, in order to detect the battery power, a voltage sensor can also be set up, which is connected in parallel with the battery to monitor the battery voltage data in real time, and then feed the measured voltage data back to the main controller 260. Once the voltage data is lower than the preset threshold in the main controller 260, the main controller 260 will adjust the energy recovery conversion module 500 to charge the battery. The principle is essentially to measure the battery voltage to infer the battery power, so as to monitor the battery power in real time.

[0083] The energy recovery conversion module 500 may be an integrated circuit or component including but not limited to the BQ25504 model, as long as it can realize the function of converting light energy into electric energy of specified electrical parameters and charging the battery.

[0084] See also Figures 1 to 10, the embodiment of the present application realizes real-time monitoring of the state of the optical cable junction box 100 through the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200, and uploads the monitored temperature, humidity, air pressure, light intensity, inclination angle of the junction box 100, battery power and other information to the cloud server through low-power wireless communication technologies such as NB-IOT and LoRa; at the same time, the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 also has the ability to detect faults independently, and will immediately report to the cloud server once a fault or risk warning is detected. The positioning system composed of the positioning module antenna 230, the positioning module 280, and the main controller 260 feeds back the position of the junction box 100 to the cloud server, which greatly simplifies the update of the location database of the junction box 100, and at the same time, it also provides an efficient and reliable search and inspection method for the staff. The spherical cover 300 encapsulates a small photovoltaic energy recovery system, a positioning module antenna 230 and a NB-IOT wireless communication module antenna, and adopts a high and low temperature resistant design, so that the junction box 100 can work stably in the field environment for a long time.

[0085] The beneficial effect achieved by the embodiment of the present application is that the cover body 300 made of organic glass has a spherical shape, so that dust is not easy to accumulate on its outer surface, and a good light-through window can be provided to ensure the photovoltaic power generation capacity, and the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200 can be efficiently protected. At the same time, the NB-IOT antenna and the positioning module antenna 230 can have a wide radio frequency communication transmission angle, improve communication efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and protect it from the influence of meteorological conditions such as wind and rain. The reflective insulation layer 700 can reduce the absorption of light and heat by the environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit 200, and at the same time play a good light-shielding effect on the inside of the junction box 100. The temperature and humidity sensor 291 and the air pressure sensor 294 can monitor the temperature, humidity and air pressure state inside the junction box 100, and independently judge the operating status of the junction box 100 according to the measured data. At the same time, according to the data change law, risk warning is carried out in advance, and the main controller 260 is awakened in time when the value exceeds the warning value, and then the alarm information is actively uploaded to the cloud server through the main controller 260. The three-axis acceleration sensor can effectively detect the posture of the junction box 100, and when the junction box 100 has an excessively large tilt angle, overturning, etc., the main controller 260 is awakened in time, and the alarm information is actively uploaded through the main controller 260. The digital light intensity sensor 293 can detect the weak light intensity inside the junction box 100 and judge the light leakage fault in time. The energy recovery conversion module 500 has an extremely low conversion voltage, which enables it to efficiently recover the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic panel 240, and can continue to generate electric energy even on continuous rainy days. The STM32 main controller 260 and the power consumption control switch can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the main control electronics board 250 and extend the power maintenance time of the rechargeable lithium battery. The NB-IOT module realizes data interaction with the cloud server, alarm information and early warning information collection with the characteristics of ultra-low power consumption and ultra-low cost. The positioning module 280 can feedback the time and location information of the junction box 100 in real time, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to locate the specific location of the faulty junction box 100, which also reduces the time cost of maintenance personnel to troubleshoot the fault.

[0086] The temperature and humidity sensor 291, the air pressure sensor 294, the light intensity sensor 293 and the three-axis acceleration sensor all use ultra-low power consumption chips. The STM32 main controller 260 collects temperature and humidity, air pressure and light intensity data through the temperature and humidity sensor 291, the air pressure sensor 294 and the light intensity sensor 293, respectively, and can independently judge the internal working conditions and sealing of the junction box 100, and can actively send risk warnings or fault alarms to the cloud server. Risk warnings or fault alarms include risk warnings or fault alarms for high temperature, humidity, light intensity and air pressure.

[0087] The triaxial acceleration sensor is used to monitor the posture of the optical cable junction box for the tower, and sends a warning or alarm signal to the cloud server according to the inclination data. Specifically, in this embodiment, only the warning signal judgment threshold is set, and after waking up the main controller 260, the main controller 260 further determines whether the triggered event is a warning signal or an alarm signal.

[0088] The temperature and humidity sensor 291, the air pressure sensor 294, the light intensity sensor 293 and the three-axis acceleration sensor used all have the function of autonomous monitoring of the alarm threshold, and can maintain the monitoring capability of the working state of the junction box 100 when the main controller 260 is dormant. The corresponding alarm threshold is written into each sensor after the system is running. Taking the main controller 260 as STN32 as an example, the pin connected to the sensor alarm pulse pin on the STM32 is configured as an external interrupt input pin, so that the STM32 has the characteristic of being awakened by the external interrupt input. Therefore, even if the STM32 main controller 260 is in the standby state, it can still be awakened in time when the corresponding data reaches the alarm threshold, and then perform autonomous perception of the working condition of the junction box 100. Autonomous perception includes: collecting data from each sensor, performing fault analysis based on the collected data, storing local log information, and generating early warning or alarm events, and reporting to the cloud server in time. The autonomous perception here is a function achieved by the cooperation of the main controller 260STM32 and various sensors and other components. Since the power consumption of the main controller 260 is relatively large, it will consume more electricity if it is running all the time. Therefore, by configuring two operating states for the main controller 260, and the main controller 260 is in a dormant state most of the time, in the dormant state, the monitoring of the external environment will be achieved by sensors with much lower power consumption. The main controller 260 is only awakened when a risk warning or alarm occurs, but the final information judgment is still performed by the main controller 260STM32 to prevent misjudgment, thereby reducing energy consumption and timely warning while further reducing the misjudgment rate of alarms.

[0089] like Fig.10 As shown, the energy recovery and power supply circuit in the figure, that is, the energy recovery conversion module 500 mentioned above, is connected to the main controller, sensor components and other components on the main control electronics board, so as to provide power for the normal operation of each component or module. Antenna 1 in the figure is the above-mentioned LPWAN communication antenna, and antenna 2 is the above-mentioned positioning module antenna.

[0090] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. An intelligent Internet of Things tower optical fiber junction box, characterized in that: It includes a junction box base and a junction box shell installed on the junction box base, a mounting opening is provided on the side of the junction box shell away from the junction box base, an environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit is provided at the mounting opening, and the environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit is connected to a cloud server through network communication; it also includes a cover body arranged on the outside of the environment monitoring and data transceiver processing unit, the cover body is located outside the junction box, and the cover opening of the cover body is sealed and matched with the junction box shell; The environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit collects environmental data and location data of the junction box in real time, performs fault analysis based on the collected environmental data, generates early warning or alarm information when the environmental data exceeds a preset threshold, and sends the early warning or alarm information and the location data of the junction box to the cloud server, wherein the environmental data of the junction box includes the temperature and humidity, air pressure, light intensity, and inclination angle of the junction box, the preset thresholds include the temperature and humidity thresholds, the air pressure thresholds, the light intensity thresholds, and the inclination angle thresholds of the junction box, and the early warning or alarm information includes the current environmental data, information indicating that the current environmental data is about to exceed the preset thresholds, and information indicating that the current environmental data exceeds the preset thresholds; The environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit includes a mounting base, an LPWAN communication antenna, a positioning module antenna, a photovoltaic panel, a main control electronics board, a main controller, an LPWAN communication module, a positioning module and a sensor component, wherein the sensor component includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a tilt detection sensor, a light intensity sensor, and an air pressure sensor; The mounting seat is detachably sealed and assembled in the assembly opening, the main control electronic board is mounted on the mounting seat, and the cover opening of the cover body is assembled and connected with the mounting seat; The LPWAN communication antenna and the positioning module antenna are both installed on the side of the main control electronics board facing the cover body, and the LPWAN communication antenna and the positioning module antenna are both electrically connected to the main control electronics board; The sensor assembly, the main controller, the LPWAN communication module, and the positioning module are all installed on the side of the main control electronics board facing the junction box base, and the sensor assembly, the main controller, the LPWAN communication module, and the positioning module are all electrically connected to the main control electronics board; The main controller is electrically connected to the sensor component, the LPWAN communication module, and the positioning module respectively; The LPWAN communication module is electrically connected to the LPWAN communication antenna through the main control electronics board; The LPWAN communication antenna is connected to the cloud server; The positioning module is electrically connected to the positioning module antenna through the main control electronics board; The positioning module antenna is communicatively connected to a satellite positioning system, wherein the satellite positioning system includes one or more of a GPS satellite positioning system, a BeiDou satellite positioning system, and a GLONASS satellite positioning system; The sensor component collects environmental data and sends it to the main controller; the positioning module communicates with the satellite positioning system through the positioning module antenna to obtain the location data of the junction box and send it to the main controller, wherein the location data includes the latitude and longitude data of the junction box; the main controller receives the environmental data, analyzes and processes it, and then compares the analyzed and processed environmental data with the preset threshold value in the main controller, and when the environmental data reaches the preset threshold range, sends a warning or alarm message and the location data of the junction box to the cloud server; The LPWAN communication antenna is a NB-IOT antenna / LoRa antenna, and the LPWAN communication module is a NB-IOT module / LoRa module; The environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit also includes a photovoltaic panel, an energy recovery conversion module and a rechargeable battery; the photovoltaic panel is installed on the side of the main control electronic board facing the cover body, the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the main control electronic board, the energy recovery conversion module and the rechargeable battery are both installed on the side of the main control electronic board facing the junction box base, and the energy recovery conversion module and the rechargeable battery are both electrically connected to the main control electronic board; the photovoltaic panel is connected to the energy recovery conversion module through the main control electronic board, and the rechargeable battery is connected to the energy recovery conversion module; The cover is made of transparent material; The photovoltaic panel collects light energy, the energy recovery and conversion module converts the light energy into electrical energy and charges the rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery stores the electrical energy and supplies power to the LPWAN communication antenna, the positioning module antenna, the sensor assembly, the main controller, the LPWAN communication module and the positioning module through the main control electronics board; The environmental monitoring and data transceiver processing unit also includes a reflective insulation layer, which is arranged on the side of the main control electronics board away from the junction box base. The LPWAN communication antenna, the positioning module antenna, and the photovoltaic panel are all located on the side of the reflective insulation layer away from the main control electronics board. The reflective insulation layer is used to block and reflect light and heat; The side of the main control electronics board facing away from the junction box base is welded with an A interface for connecting the LPWAN communication antenna, a B interface for connecting the positioning module antenna, and a C interface for connecting the photovoltaic panel. The reflective insulation layer is provided with an A vacant part, a B vacant part, and a C vacant part for avoiding the A interface, the B interface, and the C interface respectively; The reflective heat insulation layer is arranged close to the surface of the main control electronic board; The cover body is an incomplete spherical shell structure.

2. The optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover body is a hemispherical shell structure.

3. The optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover is made of plexiglass.

4. The optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover body is bonded and fixed to the mounting seat; the mounting seat is composed of an annular frame, the outer periphery of the annular frame and the assembly opening form a detachable sealed fitting connection, and the inside of the annular frame is fitted and assembled with the edge of the reflective insulation layer.

5. The optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective heat insulation layer is assembled and connected with the optical electronic board through a locking piece; the locking piece is a screw; a surface of the reflective heat insulation layer away from the optical electronic board is composed of an aluminum alloy thin film reflective layer.

6. The optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat is installed in the assembly port by threaded assembly, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the mounting seat and the assembly port; an optical fiber storage tray for storing part of the optical fiber is arranged in the junction box shell.

7. The optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt angle detection sensor is a three-axis acceleration sensor; the light intensity sensor is a digital light intensity sensor; and the rechargeable battery is a rechargeable lithium battery.

8. The optical fiber junction box for an intelligent Internet of Things tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main controller is STM32.

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