A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer

Abstract

The present invention provides a fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer, comprising: a workbench, a laser scanning system located above the workbench, a feeding system for supplying slurry to the workbench, a scraper device and a body. The scraper device comprises: a horizontally movable slide, a scraper frame and a scraper. The horizontally movable slide drives the scraper to reciprocate above the printing table provided by the workbench to scrape the slurry supplied by the feeding system flat. According to the CAD model of the workpiece, the present invention can print raw materials with high solid phase and certain viscosity into high-performance and high-precision finished parts at high speed, continuously and reliably, solving the problem that the current ceramic 3D printer cannot accurately control the use and amount of slurry, thereby improving the printing resolution; the present invention has a simple structure and a more reasonable arrangement of each component, which also makes the operation simpler and no longer overly dependent on manual labor, thereby achieving high efficiency and high precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of printers, and in particular relates to a fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing is a type of rapid prototyping technology. It is a technology that uses digital model files as the basis, uses powdered metal or plastic and other bondable materials to construct objects by printing layer by layer. With the development of 3D printing technology, especially stereolithography ceramic 3D printers as 3D printing equipment, it has become popular. In terms of printing materials, the research and development of high-performance ceramic materials has developed rapidly and has been launched. The application fields of 3D printing, such as aviation, aerospace, and medical treatment are becoming more and more extensive.

[0003] Due to the continuous innovation of ceramic raw materials, current ceramic 3D printers are unable to handle ceramic slurries with high viscosity, and it is difficult to accurately control the use and amount of slurry, resulting in low printing resolution and the inability to produce high-precision prints with fine features. In addition, traditional ceramic 3D printers can no longer meet the requirements of speed and higher precision, and have complex structures, unreasonable component layouts, and are difficult to operate, resulting in low efficiency and low precision of current ceramic 3D printers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer.

[0005] In order to have a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended to be a general review, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or to delineate the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its only purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a preface to the detailed description that follows.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the present invention provides a fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer, comprising:

[0008] A workbench, used to provide a printing surface;

[0009] A laser scanning system, located above the workbench, for curing the slurry on the printing table;

[0010] A feeding system, used for supplying slurry to the workbench;

[0011] The scraper device is located between the laser scanning system and the workbench, and includes: a horizontally movable slide and a scraper arranged on the horizontally movable slide. The horizontally movable slide drives the scraper to reciprocate above the printing table to scrape the slurry supplied by the feeding system flat.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the scraper device also includes: a scraper frame, the scrapers are arranged on both sides of the scraper frame, and the scraper frame is connected to the horizontally movable slide through a rotating shaft so that the scraper frame can swing on the horizontally movable slide, thereby switching the scrapers on both sides of the scraper frame.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the scraper device also includes: a height limiting seat located at the left and right moving terminals of the horizontally movable skateboard, and a beveled surface is provided on the top of the height limiting seat; limiting guide rods are also provided on both sides of the scraper frame, and when the scraper frame drives the scraper to the position of the height limiting seat, the limiting guide rod contacts the beveled surface on the top of the height limiting seat and moves downward, so that the scraper frame swings on the horizontally movable skateboard.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the scraper device also includes: a fork device and a striker located at the left and right moving terminals of the horizontally movable skateboard; the fork device is connected to the shaft of the horizontally movable skateboard, and when the scraper frame drives the scraper to the position of the striker, the striker hits the top of the fork device, causing the bottom end of the fork device to swing and move the scraper frame, and the scraper frame swings on the horizontally movable skateboard.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the scraper frame, blade mounting plates are arranged in the mounting grooves, and the two scrapers are respectively mounted on both sides of the scraper frame through the blade mounting plates, and the two scrapers form a certain angle with each other; inclined surfaces are provided at both ends of the scraper frame, and the blade mounting plate is provided with a bevel adjustment block that fits with the inclined surface at a position corresponding to the inclined surface, and the bevel adjustment block is installed in the grooves at both ends of the blade mounting plate through fine-thread screws.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the laser scanning system includes: a digital projector, a mounting plate and a mounting frame; the digital projector is arranged on the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixed to the mounting frame by adjusting screws; there are three adjusting screws, and the three adjusting screws are distributed in a triangle at the bottom of the mounting plate to adjust the lens of the digital projector to be perpendicular to the workbench.

[0017] In some optional embodiments, the feeding system includes: a driving motor, a base, a support, a barrel and a displacement sensor located on the side of the barrel; the driving shaft of the driving motor is connected to the piston in the barrel through a ball screw transmission mechanism in the support, so that the driving motor drives the piston inside the barrel to extrude the slurry.

[0018] In some optional embodiments, the workbench includes: a magnetic seat and a workpiece pallet located on the top surface of the magnetic seat; the magnetic seat includes: a magnetic pole shoe and a magnetic seat plate, a slide groove is provided on the bottom surface of the magnetic seat plate, and the magnetic pole shoe is located in the slide groove; the working position in the slide groove is provided with a magnetic conductive block passing through the bottom of the slide groove, and the two ends of the first magnetic conductive sheet are located at the rest position in the slide groove, so that when the magnetic pole shoe reaches the working position, suction is generated to suck the workpiece pallet, and when it reaches the rest position, the magnetic force disappears to release the workpiece pallet.

[0019] In some optional embodiments, the workbench includes: a power supply, a magnetic base and a workpiece pallet located on the top surface of the magnetic base; the magnetic base is provided with an electromagnet on the side facing the workpiece pallet, and the workpiece pallet is provided with an iron sheet on the side facing the magnetic base and at a position corresponding to the electromagnet; the power supply supplies power to the coil of the electromagnet, and a switch is provided on the power supply circuit of the power supply to control the on and off of the electromagnet.

[0020] In some optional embodiments, the fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer further includes: a fuselage; the fuselage includes: a fuselage main body and a reference plate, the reference plate is arranged on the top of the fuselage main body, a square groove is opened in the middle of the reference plate, and the workbench is raised and lowered in the square groove by a lifting device.

[0021] The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are as follows: According to the CAD model of the workpiece, the present invention can print high-solid phase and certain viscosity raw materials into high-performance and high-precision finished parts at high speed, continuously and reliably, solving the problem that the current ceramic 3D printer cannot accurately control the use and amount of slurry, thereby improving the printing resolution; the present invention has a simple structure and a more reasonable arrangement of various components, which also makes the operation simpler and no longer overly dependent on manual labor, thereby achieving high efficiency and high precision. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fuselage of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser scanning system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a workbench of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the power supply of the present invention for supplying power to the workbench;

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the magnetic seat structure;

[0030] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a workbench of the present invention in another embodiment;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the magnetic pole shoe of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the position of the positioning pin of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the chute of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the magnetic conductive block and the first magnetic conductive sheet of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic pole shoe of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the scraper device of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.16 is a perspective view of a scraper device of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0038] Fig.17 is a top view of a scraper device of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0039] Fig.18 yes Fig.17 BB section view;

[0040] Fig.19 is a schematic structural diagram of a scraper device of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0041] Fig. 20 yes Fig.19 AA section view;

[0042] Fig.21 is a three-dimensional diagram of a scraper device of the present invention in another embodiment;

[0043] Fig. 22 is a top view of a scraper device of the present invention in another embodiment;

[0044] Fig.23 yes Fig. 22 AA section view;

[0045] Fig.24 is a schematic structural diagram of a scraper device of the present invention in another embodiment;

[0046] Fig.25 is a cross-sectional view of a scraper device of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.26 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tool head precision adjustment device of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 27 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oblique wedge adjustment block of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following description and accompanying drawings fully demonstrate specific embodiments of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can practice them. Other embodiments may include structural, logical, electrical, process and other changes. The embodiments represent possible variations only. Unless clearly required, separate components and functions are optional, and the order of operation may vary. The parts and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace the parts and features of other embodiments.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer, which can continuously and reliably print raw materials with a high solid phase and a certain viscosity into required finished products, including: a laser scanning system 100, a feeding system 200, a scraper device 300, a workbench 400 and a body 500.

[0051] The body 500 is used to carry all systems and mechanisms of the printer.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the fuselage 500 includes: a fuselage body 501 and a reference plate 502. The reference plate 502 is arranged on the top of the fuselage body 501. The reference plate 502 is the bearing surface and reference surface of the main components of the present invention. The fuselage body 501 is a three-dimensional stable structure formed by welding square tubes.

[0053] A square groove 505 is formed in the middle of the reference plate 502, and the printing table of the workbench rises and falls in the square groove 505, which is the core working area of ​​printing. A material bin can be set in the square groove 505, and the feeding system 200 feeds the material bin to supply ceramic slurry to the workbench 400.

[0054] The machine body 500 further includes: a horizontal adjustment mechanism 507, a mounting plate 503 and an anti-vibration foot cup 506. The anti-vibration foot cup 506 is arranged at the bottom of the machine body 501. The horizontal adjustment mechanism 507 is arranged between the machine body 501 and the reference plate 502, and is used to adjust the horizontality of the reference plate 502. The existing horizontal adjustment mechanism can be used, and it will not be repeated here. The mounting plate 503 is arranged on the machine body 501 and is perpendicular to the machine body 501, and is used to install the driving part of the workbench 400. The machine body 500 further includes: a horizontal mounting plate 504, and the driving or control part of the printer can be installed on the horizontal mounting plate 504.

[0055] The laser scanning system 100 is located above the workbench 400 and is used to generate a laser beam for curing the ceramic slurry, so as to cure the slurry on the printing surface of the workbench 400 .

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the laser scanning system 100 includes: a digital projector 101, a mounting plate 102 and a mounting frame 104. The digital projector 101 is set on the mounting plate 102, and the mounting plate 102 is fixed to the mounting frame 104 by adjusting screws 103. There are three adjusting screws 103, which are distributed in a triangle at the bottom of the mounting plate 102 to adjust the lens of the digital projector 101 to be perpendicular to the workbench 400.

[0057] The digital projector 101 flashes a single image of each layer on the entire printing table of the workbench 400, and is located directly above the workbench 400. It can flash a single image of each layer on the entire printing table, thereby quickly solidifying the ceramic slurry, and irradiating the workbench to solidify the ceramic slurry through the scanning galvanometer. The digital projector uses a DLP projector, and the screen flashes a single image of each layer on the entire platform. Since the projector is a digital screen, each layer will be composed of square pixels, with a more streamlined structure and higher efficiency.

[0058] The feeding system 200 is disposed on the machine body 501 and is used to supply slurry to the workbench 400 .

[0059] like Figure 4As shown, the feeding system 200 includes: a driving motor 201, a base 202, a support 203, a barrel 204 and a displacement sensor 205 located on the side of the barrel 204. The base 202 is arranged on the fuselage body 501, and the driving shaft of the driving motor 201 is connected to the piston in the barrel 204 through the ball screw transmission mechanism in the support 203. When the driving motor 201 is working, the piston inside the barrel 204 is driven to squeeze the slurry, and the slurry is squeezed through the outlet of the barrel to the silo in the square groove 505 to achieve feeding. The ball screw transmission mechanism is a kind of existing transmission mechanism. The ball screw is a product that converts rotary motion into linear motion, or converts linear motion into rotary motion. The specific structure is not repeated here. The barrel can adopt the existing straight cylinder piston design.

[0060] The feeding system 200 adopts motor drive, which solves the problem of accurate feeding of high-viscosity ceramic slurry. The overall structure is stable, the feeding is fast and accurate, and the barrel is easy to disassemble and convenient for material replacement. The displacement sensor 205 uploads the measurement data to the control system, and the control system controls to achieve accurate feeding.

[0061] The workbench 400 is a liftable workbench, which is specifically lifted and lowered by a liftable device to achieve Z-direction movement of the workpiece during the printing process.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the lifting device includes: a power motor 404, a motor seat 405, a base plate 406, a sleeve 407 and a support plate 410. The power motor 404 is installed on the base plate 406 through the motor seat 405, and the base plate 406 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate 503. The driving shaft of the power motor 404 is connected to the sleeve 407 through a ball screw transmission mechanism, and the support plate 410 is arranged on the top of the sleeve 407. The printing table 412 of the workbench is arranged on the support plate 410. The power motor 404 drives the sleeve 407 to move up and down through the ball screw transmission mechanism, thereby driving the printing table 412 of the workbench to move up and down. The ball screw transmission mechanism is a kind of existing transmission mechanism. The ball screw is a product that converts rotary motion into linear motion, or converts linear motion into rotary motion. The specific structure is not repeated here. The beneficial effect of this combination is that the workbench can be quickly positioned and fixed, and the workbench can be quickly assembled and disassembled. The lifting workbench is a workpiece placement table and is the core working area of ​​the whole machine. The positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy of the lifting directly affect the working accuracy of the whole machine. The present invention enables the printing platform to be quickly disassembled, and the accuracy remains unchanged after installation and restoration.

[0063] The lifting device also includes: a guide rail 401, a slider 402 and a slide plate 403. The slide plate 403 is connected to the guide rail 401 through the slider 402. The sleeve 407 is connected to the slide plate 403. The guide rail 401 is set on the mounting plate 503 to provide support for the up and down movement of the sleeve, and the structure is stable.

[0064] The present invention utilizes a control system to control various actions and logical relationships of the printer, and the control system may adopt a PLC.

[0065] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the workbench 400 includes: a magnetic base 414 and a workpiece tray 415 located on the top surface of the magnetic base 414, and the magnetic base 414 and the workpiece tray 415 form a printing table of the workbench 400. The magnetic base 414 is a mechanism for connecting the workpiece tray 415, and can turn on and off the magnetic force to control the installation and removal of the workpiece tray 415. Disassembly slots 422 are provided at both ends of the workpiece tray 415 to facilitate the removal and handling of the workpiece tray.

[0066] The magnetic seat 414 is provided with an electromagnet 416 on the side facing the workpiece pallet 415, and the workpiece pallet 415 is provided with an iron sheet 417 on the side facing the magnetic seat 414 and at the position corresponding to the electromagnet 416. The power supply 418 supplies power to the coil of the electromagnet 416, and a switch 419 is provided on the power supply circuit of the power supply 418 to control the on and off of the electromagnet 416. When the electromagnet 416 is powered on to generate magnetic force, the workpiece pallet 415 is attracted. When the electromagnet 416 is powered off and the magnetic force disappears, the workpiece pallet 415 can be removed.

[0067] The iron sheet is selected as 2Cr13, and the workpiece tray 415 is made of stainless steel, which has small deformation, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0068] The workbench 400 also includes a positioning pin 420. The magnetic base 414 and the workpiece tray 415 are provided with a cylindrical pin groove 421 for accommodating the positioning pin 420, so that the workpiece tray 415 is accurately positioned during the installation process, so that the workpiece tray 415 and the magnetic base 414 are accurately positioned, and the electromagnet 416 firmly absorbs the workpiece tray 415 when powered on to complete the installation.

[0069] Therefore, the workbench of this embodiment is convenient to disassemble and clean, and the time for disassembly and cleaning of the printing table can be shortened during continuous printing, thus saving cleaning time and improving printing efficiency. After printing a workpiece, it can be directly disassembled and replaced with another workpiece tray for printing. The structure is reliable and the positioning is precise. Because the magnetic force adsorbs the iron sheet embedded on the workpiece tray, disassembly and assembly will not cause slight deformation to the workpiece tray, so the printing accuracy can be guaranteed and it is stable and accurate, and the cost is low. The electromagnetic effect solves the problem of firm fixation, and the pin positioning solves the problem of quick positioning during installation.

[0070] like Figures 9 to 14 As shown, in another embodiment, the workbench 400 includes: a magnetic base 414 and a workpiece tray 415 located on the top surface of the magnetic base 414; the magnetic base 414 and the workpiece tray 415 form a printing table of the workbench 400. The magnetic base 414 is a mechanism connected to the workpiece tray 415, and can turn on and off the magnetic force to control the installation and removal of the workpiece tray 415.

[0071] The magnetic seat 414 includes: a first magnetic conductive sheet 427, a magnetic pole shoe 423 and a magnetic seat plate 424. A slide groove 425 is provided on the bottom surface of the magnetic seat plate 424. The magnetic pole shoe 423 is located in the slide groove 425 and can move in the slide groove 425. The workpiece pallet 415 and the magnetic pole shoe 423 are respectively located on the upper and lower surfaces of the magnetic seat plate 424.

[0072] A working position and a resting position are set in the chute 425, and the magnetic pole shoe 423 can be switched between the working position and the resting position by reciprocating in the chute 425. The working position in the chute 425 is set with a magnetic conductive block 426 that runs through the bottom of the chute, that is, one end of the magnetic conductive block 426 can contact the magnetic pole shoe 423 in the chute, and the other end passes through the magnetic seat plate 424 to contact the workpiece pallet 415, so the position of the magnetic conductive block 426 refers to the working position. The two ends of the first magnetic conductive sheet 427 are located at the resting position in the chute 425, that is, the two ends of the first magnetic conductive sheet 427 are located at the resting position, and the first magnetic conductive sheet 427 does not pass through the magnetic seat plate 424, that is, it cannot contact the workpiece pallet 415.

[0073] When the magnetic pole shoe 423 reaches the working position, the magnetic pole shoe, the magnetic guide block 426 and the workpiece tray 415 are closed, generating suction to hold the workpiece tray 415, and then scraping and printing can begin. When the magnetic pole shoe 423 reaches the resting position, the magnetic force disappears, and the magnetic pole shoe cannot fix the workpiece tray 415, that is, the workpiece tray 415 is released, and the workpiece tray 415 can be removed for cleaning.

[0074] Therefore, in this embodiment, the workbench is easy to disassemble and clean through the action of mechanical devices and magnets. The time for disassembling and cleaning the printing table can be shortened during continuous printing, saving cleaning time, thereby improving printing efficiency. After printing a workpiece, it can be directly removed and replaced with another workpiece tray for printing; the structure is reliable and the positioning is precise; because the magnetic force adsorbs the magnetic conductive sheet embedded on the workpiece tray, the disassembly and assembly will not cause slight deformation to the workpiece tray, so the printing accuracy can be guaranteed and it is stable and accurate, and the cost is low; the electromagnetic effect solves the problem of firm fixation, and the pin positioning solves the problem of quick positioning during installation.

[0075] Two slide grooves 425 are provided on the bottom surface of the magnetic seat plate 424. A magnetic pole shoe 423 is disposed in each slide groove 425. Thus, there are two positions for sucking the workpiece tray 415, making the suction more firm and stable.

[0076] Cylindrical permanent magnets 428 are arranged at both ends of the magnetic pole shoe 423, the working position includes two cylindrical magnetic conductive blocks 426, and the working position and the rest position are arranged crosswise, so that the magnetic pole shoe 423 does not have to move too far to switch between the working position and the rest position, thereby improving the working stability of the overall component.

[0077] A second magnetic conductive sheet is disposed on the side of the workpiece pallet 415 facing the magnetic base plate and corresponding to the slide slot 425 , so that the magnetic pole shoe, the magnetic conductive block 426 and the workpiece pallet 415 are closed to generate suction to hold the workpiece pallet 415 .

[0078] The magnetic seat 414 also includes: a driving device for driving the magnetic pole shoe 423 to move in the slide groove 425. The driving device includes: a rotating shaft 429, a rotating shaft bushing 430, a rotating shaft handle 431 and a gear 432; the rotating shaft handle 431 is connected to the rotating shaft 429, and a gear 432 is provided on the rotating shaft 429 to mesh with the gear teeth on the magnetic pole shoe 423. When disassembling, the rotating shaft handle 431 is rotated to drive the rotating shaft 429 to rotate. When the rotating shaft 429 rotates, the magnetic pole shoe 423 is driven to move in the slide groove 425 through the gear 432. At this time, the magnetic pole shoe 423 is equivalent to a rack. When the rotating shaft handle 431 is swung left and right, the magnetic pole shoe 423 can be switched between the working position and the resting position. The structure is simple, easy to operate, low cost, fast switching speed, and improves the efficiency of tray replacement.

[0079] The workpiece tray 415 is made of stainless steel, which has small deformation, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0080] The workbench 400 further includes a positioning pin 420. The magnetic base 414 and the workpiece tray 415 are provided with a cylindrical pin slot 421 for accommodating the positioning pin 420, so that the workpiece tray 415 and the magnetic base 414 can be accurately positioned during the installation process.

[0081] The scraper device 300 is located between the laser scanning system 100 and the workbench 400, and is used to spread the slurry into a uniform thin layer on the workbench 400. The 3D printing ceramic slurry is supplied through the feeding system 200 and accumulated at the feeding outlet. The scraper carries the slurry across the 3D printing table, and a specified gap is left between the scraper and the printing table. When the ceramic slurry passes through the printing table, the gap will be filled, thereby achieving the effect of filling material.

[0082] like Fig.15As shown, the scraper device 300 includes: a horizontal moving slide 303 and a scraper 304 arranged on the horizontal moving slide 303. The horizontal moving slide 303 drives the scraper 304 to reciprocate above the printing table to scrape the slurry supplied by the feeding system 200. The horizontal moving slide 303 is installed on the reference plate 502 through the slide rail 302 to achieve translation in the printing work area. The horizontal moving slide 303 is connected to the motor 301 through a synchronous belt, and the motor 301 drives the scraper device 300 to move along the slide rail 302.

[0083] In one embodiment, Fig. 20 As shown, the scraper device 300 further includes: a scraper frame 305. The scraper frame 305 is connected to the horizontal moving slide 303 through a rotating shaft 306, that is, the scraper frame 305 can swing on the horizontal moving slide 303. The horizontal moving slide 303 is connected to the slide rail 302 to achieve translation, and the scraper frame 305 is rotated around the rotating shaft 306. Scrapers 304 are arranged on both sides of the scraper frame 305, and the two scrapers 304 are at a certain angle to each other.

[0084] Scrapers 304 are installed on both sides of the scraper frame 305. When the scraper device 300 scrapes material to one side, the scraper 304 on one side works, and the scraper 304 on the other side is raised to a certain height and does not work. When reversing, the scraper frame 305 swings, the scraper 304 on the other side falls, and the original working scraper 304 is lifted to realize the blade changing function, that is, switching the scrapers 304 on both sides of the scraper frame.

[0085] like Figures 16 to 20 As shown, the scraper device 300 also includes: a height limiting seat 307 and a limiting guide rod 308. The horizontal moving slide 303 moves back and forth, that is, the horizontal moving slide 303 moves back and forth above the printing table of the printer, and the height limiting seats 307 are set at the end points on both sides of the moving route. The purpose of the height limiting seats 307 is that when the horizontal moving slide 303 arrives here with the scraper frame 305, the height limiting seats 307 apply a thrust to the scraper frame 305, causing the scraper frame 305 to swing.

[0086] The top of the height-limiting seat 307 is provided with an inclined surface 309, and the two sides of the scraper frame 305 are also provided with limiting guide rods 308, and the height of the limiting guide rods 308 is located between the highest point and the lowest point of the inclined surface 309. When the scraper frame 305 drives the scraper 304 to reach the position of the height-limiting seat 307, the limiting guide rod 308 contacts the inclined surface 309 on the top of the height-limiting seat. When the scraper frame 305 continues to move, since the inclined surface 309 is inclined, the inclined surface 309 gradually presses down the limiting guide rod 308, so that the scraper frame 305 swings on the horizontal moving slide 303, thereby switching the scrapers 304 on both sides of the scraper frame.

[0087] In order to switch the scraper stably and balancedly, there are four height limiting seats 307 , and correspondingly, there are also four position limiting guide rods 308 , which are distributed at the four corners of the scraper frame 305 .

[0088] like Fig. 20 As shown, positioning electromagnets 310 are also provided on both sides of the scraper frame 305, iron blocks 311 are provided on both sides of the horizontal moving slide 303 at positions corresponding to the positioning electromagnets 310, and limit screws 312 are installed near the positioning electromagnets 310, and the limit screws 312 ensure the positioning accuracy of the swing of the scraper frame 305. When the scraper frame 305 swings into place on the horizontal moving slide 303, the positioning electromagnet on the front side is energized to absorb the iron block corresponding to it and the positioning electromagnet on the other side is de-energized to fix the scraper frame 305 after the swing is completed.

[0089] When the scraper frame 305 swings into place, the positioning electromagnet 310 generates magnetism, and the scraper frame 305 and the horizontal moving slide 303 are firmly attracted to each other, completing the working cutter head switching action. When the scraper device 300 moves to the limit position on the other side, the original positioning electromagnet 310 is demagnetized, and the scraper frame 305 rotates around the rotating shaft 306 under the cooperation of the limit guide rod 308 and the height limit seat 307. The positioning screw 312 is limited, and the positioning electromagnet 310 on this side is energized to make the scraper frame 305 and the horizontal moving slide 303 firmly attracted to each other, realizing the working cutter head switching. The electromagnetic devices on both sides act alternately, and the above actions are repeated to realize the fully automatic tool change in the 3D printing process. The electromagnetic device makes the fixing method of the scraper frame 305 more tight and stable, and also more reliable, reducing the probability of misoperation.

[0090] After the scraper 304 completely penetrates the printing table with the slurry, the blade of the present embodiment realizes pendulum, the scraper on the other side falls, the scraper on the original side rises, and the scraper returns with the remaining material to repeat the previous action. This reciprocating action solves the problem of automatic material loading of the 3D printer. The gap between the scraper in use and the workbench is 0.1-0.3mm.

[0091] The scraper device 300 in this embodiment adopts a double-blade structure, and the double blades can be automatically switched when moving left and right, which not only solves the problem of automatic loading of the 3D printer, but also the electromagnet device is used in conjunction with the height limit seat to ensure the scraper accuracy while making the blade changing process faster. The blade changing method is stable and reliable. The 3D printer can realize unmanned and automated operation and loading through the scraper device of this embodiment, and the problem of unstable manual smearing accuracy will not occur, which solves the problems of work accuracy, efficiency and reliability.

[0092] In another embodiment, if Fig.25As shown, the scraper device 300 further includes: a scraper frame 305. The scraper frame 305 is connected to the horizontal moving slide 303 through a rotating shaft 306, that is, the scraper frame 305 can swing on the horizontal moving slide 303. The horizontal moving slide 303 is connected to the slide rail 302 to achieve translation, and the scraper frame 305 is rotated around the rotating shaft 306. Scrapers 304 are arranged on both sides of the scraper frame 305, and the two scrapers 304 are at a certain angle to each other.

[0093] Scrapers 304 are installed on both sides of the scraper frame 305. When the scraper device 300 scrapes material to one side, the scraper 304 on one side works, and the scraper 304 on the other side is raised to a certain height and does not work. When reversing, the scraper frame 305 swings, the scraper 304 on the other side falls, and the original working scraper 304 is lifted to realize the blade changing function, that is, switching the scrapers 304 on both sides of the scraper frame.

[0094] like Figures 21 to 25 As shown, the scraper device 300 also includes: a fork device 313 and a striker 314. The horizontal moving slide 303 moves back and forth, that is, the horizontal moving slide 303 moves back and forth above the printing table of the printer, and strikers 314 are provided at the end points on both sides of the moving route. The purpose of the striker 314 is that when the horizontal moving slide 303 arrives here with the scraper frame 305, the striker 314 applies a thrust to the fork device 313, causing the scraper frame 305 to swing.

[0095] The fork device 313 is connected to the horizontal moving slide 303 axis, that is, when the fork device 313 swings under the action of the striker 314, it will drive the scraper frame 305 to swing, with the horizontal moving slide 303 as the rotation support point, but will not affect the horizontal moving slide 303. When the scraper frame 305 drives the scraper 304 to reach the position of the striker 314, the striker 314 hits the top of the fork device 313, causing the top of the fork device 313 to deflect in the opposite direction of the moving direction of the horizontal moving slide, thereby causing the bottom end of the fork device 313 to swing, and the bottom end of the fork device 313 is connected to the scraper frame 305, which eventually causes the bottom end of the fork device 313 to shift the scraper frame 305 to rotate, that is, the scraper frame 305 swings on the horizontal moving slide 303, thereby switching the scrapers 304 on both sides of the scraper frame 305.

[0096] The shift fork device 313 includes: a shift fork 315, a shift fork piston rod 316 and a shift fork roller 317. The shift fork 315 is connected to the horizontal moving slide plate 303 axis, the shift fork piston rod 316 is arranged at the lower end of the shift fork 315 and forms a telescopic structure with the shift fork 315, the end of the shift fork piston rod 316 is connected to the shift fork roller 317, and the shift fork roller 317 can rotate at the end of the shift fork piston rod 316. The shift fork roller 317 is connected to the shift fork piston rod 316 through a pin 318.

[0097] The scraper frame 305 is provided with a strip groove 319, and the fork roller 317 is located in the strip groove 319 and can roll in the strip groove 319. When the scraper frame 305 drives the scraper 304 to reach the position of the striker 314, the striker 314 hits the fork 315, so that the bottom end of the fork piston rod 316 swings to drive the fork roller 317 to roll in the strip groove 319, and the rolling fork roller 317 applies thrust to the scraper frame 305. The left and right deviation process of the fork roller 317 drives the scraper frame 305 to rotate, that is, the scraper frame 305 swings on the horizontal moving slide 303, thereby switching the scrapers 304 on both sides of the scraper frame 305.

[0098] The shift fork device also includes: a compression spring 320, one end of which is connected to the shift fork 315, and the other end is connected to the shift fork piston rod 316, and the compression spring 320 is always in a compressed state. Due to the spring force in the shift fork piston rod, the shift fork device can firmly support the scraper frame 305 during the swinging process, so that the scraper frame 305 is firmly supported after the swinging, and the positioning function is realized. The compression spring 320 makes the fixing method of the scraper frame 305 more tight, stable, and reliable.

[0099] The fork device further includes: a support shaft 321, a bearing 322 and a fixing block 323. The bearing 322 is disposed in the fork 315 and fixedly connected to the fork 315, the bearing 322 is sleeved on the support shaft 321, and both ends of the support shaft 321 are fixedly connected to the horizontal moving slide 303 through the fixing block 323. Thus, the scraper frame uses the horizontal moving slide 303 as a rotation support point, but does not affect the horizontal moving slide 303, and the structure is simple and stable.

[0100] The fork roller 317 on the fork device can roll in the strip groove 319. When the upper end of the fork device is subjected to external force, the fork device realizes rotational motion around the rotating shaft. Due to the spring force in the fork piston rod, the fork device firmly presses against the scraper frame, so that the scraper frame is firmly pressed after swinging, realizing the positioning function. When the scraper device moves to the other side, the above actions are repeated to realize the automatic blade changing function. After the scraper 304 completely penetrates the printing table with the slurry, the structural blade of this embodiment realizes the pendulum, the scraper on the other side falls, the scraper on the original side is lifted, and the scraper returns with the remaining material to repeat the previous action. Such reciprocating action solves the problem of automatic feeding of the 3D printer. The gap between the scraper in use and the workbench of the two scrapers is 0.1~0.3mm.

[0101] A positioning screw 324 for adjusting the angle of the scraper frame 305 is installed on the horizontal moving slide 303, which is used to adjust the angle of the scraper frame 305 and play a precise limiting role, ensuring the positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy of each swing. The scraper device 300 also includes: a buffer 325 arranged on the horizontal moving slide 303, which is used to reduce the impact when the scraper frame swings and positions.

[0102] Mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the scraper frame 305 , and blade mounting plates 326 are arranged in the mounting grooves. The two scrapers 304 are respectively mounted on both sides of the scraper frame 305 through the blade mounting plates 326 .

[0103] The scraper device 300 in this embodiment adopts a double-blade structure, and the double blades can be automatically switched when moving left and right, which not only solves the problem of automatic loading of the 3D printer, but also realizes automatic reversing through the cooperation of the striker and the fork device, which ensures the accuracy of the scraper and makes the blade changing process faster. The blade changing method is stable and reliable. The 3D printer can realize unmanned and automated operation and loading through the scraper device of this embodiment, and the problem of unstable accuracy of manual smearing will not occur, thus solving the problems of working accuracy, efficiency and reliability.

[0104] like Figures 26 to 27 As shown, the present invention also provides a tool head precision adjustment device, including: a bevel adjustment block 327, a fine-pitch screw 328 and a nut 329 used in conjunction with the fine-pitch screw.

[0105] Inclined surfaces 330 are provided at both ends of the scraper frame 305, and the blade mounting plate 326 is provided with a bevel adjustment block 327 that fits the inclined surface 330 at a position corresponding to the inclined surface 330. The bevel adjustment block 327 is installed in the grooves at both ends of the blade mounting plate 326 by means of fine-thread screws 328. The blade mounting plate 326 is installed in the mounting grooves at both sides of the scraper frame 305 by means of set screws 331.

[0106] When the fine-thread screw 328 is turned, the bevel adjustment block 327 and the scraper frame 305 form a squeezing effect. The bevel of the bevel adjustment block 327 has an angle α with the horizontal plane. When the fine-thread screw 328 is turned, the horizontal direction moves by a length L, and the height direction moves upward or downward by L×tanα. The smaller the angle α, the smaller the value of L×tanα. In this way, the blade mounting plate 326 and the scraper 304 can be fine-tuned upward or downward. Both ends of the scraper 304 are adjusted in the same way. After the adjustment is in place, the nuts 329 are tightened and fixed: Bevel adjustment block 327, and finally the set screw 331 is used to lock the scraper frame 305, and the adjustment is completed.

[0107] The cutter head precision adjustment device of the present invention enables the gap between the blade and the printing table to be accurately adjusted, and can realize rapid micro-adjustment of the scraper precision. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate, thus providing a guarantee for the precision of the finished product of the 3D printer.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can all be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability between hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described above around their functions. Whether such functions are implemented as hardware or software depends on specific applications and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. A skilled person can implement the described functions in an alternative manner for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer, characterized in that: include: A workbench, used to provide a printing surface; A laser scanning system, located above the workbench, for curing the slurry on the printing table; A feeding system, used for supplying slurry to the workbench; A scraper device is located between the laser scanning system and the workbench, and includes: a horizontally movable slide and a scraper arranged on the horizontally movable slide, wherein the horizontally movable slide drives the scraper to reciprocate above the printing table to scrape the slurry supplied by the feeding system flat; The workbench comprises: a power supply, a magnetic seat and a workpiece pallet located on the top surface of the magnetic seat; the magnetic seat is provided with an electromagnet on a side facing the workpiece pallet, and the workpiece pallet is provided with an iron sheet on a side facing the magnetic seat and at a position corresponding to the electromagnet; the power supply supplies power to the coil of the electromagnet, and a switch is provided on the power supply circuit of the power supply to control the on and off of the electromagnet; It also includes: a fuselage; the fuselage includes: a fuselage main body and a reference plate, the reference plate is arranged on the top of the fuselage main body, a square groove is opened in the middle of the reference plate, and the workbench is lifted and lowered in the square groove by a lifting device to realize the Z direction movement of the workpiece during the printing process; The lifting device includes: a power motor, a motor seat, a base plate, a sleeve and a support plate; the power motor is installed on the base plate through the motor seat, the base plate is arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate, the driving shaft of the power motor is connected with the sleeve through a ball screw transmission mechanism, the support plate is arranged on the top of the sleeve, and the printing table of the workbench is arranged on the support plate; the power motor drives the sleeve to move up and down through the ball screw transmission mechanism, thereby driving the printing table of the workbench to move up and down; the ball screw transmission mechanism is a kind of existing transmission mechanism, and the ball screw is a product that converts rotary motion into linear motion, or converts linear motion into rotary motion. The workbench can be quickly positioned and fixed, and the workbench can be quickly assembled and disassembled; the liftable workbench is a workpiece placement table, which is the core working area of ​​the whole machine; the positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy of the lifting directly affect the working accuracy of the whole machine, so that the printing platform can be quickly disassembled, and the accuracy remains unchanged after installation and restoration; The lifting device also includes: a guide rail, a slider and a slide plate. The slide plate is connected to the guide rail through the slider, and the sleeve is connected to the slide plate. The guide rail is arranged on the mounting plate to provide support for the up and down movement of the sleeve, and the structure is stable.

2. A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper device also includes: a scraper frame, the scrapers are arranged on both sides of the scraper frame, and the scraper frame is connected to the horizontal movable slide plate through a rotating shaft so that the scraper frame can swing on the horizontal movable slide plate, thereby switching the scrapers on both sides of the scraper frame.

3. A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper device also includes: a height limiting seat located at the left and right moving terminals of the horizontally movable slide, and an inclined surface is provided on the top of the height limiting seat; limiting guide rods are also provided on both sides of the scraper frame, and when the scraper frame drives the scraper to the position of the height limiting seat, the limiting guide rod contacts the inclined surface on the top of the height limiting seat and moves downward, so that the scraper frame swings on the horizontally movable slide.

4. A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper device also includes: a fork device and a striker located at the left and right moving terminals of the horizontally movable slide; the fork device is connected to the shaft of the horizontally movable slide, and when the scraper frame drives the scraper to reach the position of the striker, the striker hits the top of the fork device, causing the bottom end of the fork device to swing and move the scraper frame, and the scraper frame swings on the horizontally movable slide.

5. A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer according to claim 4, characterized in that: Mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the scraper frame, and blade mounting plates are arranged in the mounting grooves. The two scrapers are respectively mounted on both sides of the scraper frame through the blade mounting plates, and the two scrapers form a certain angle with each other; inclined surfaces are arranged at both ends of the scraper frame, and the blade mounting plate is provided with a bevel adjustment block that fits with the inclined surface at a position corresponding to the inclined surface, and the bevel adjustment block is installed in the grooves at both ends of the blade mounting plate through fine-thread screws.

6. A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The laser scanning system includes: a digital projector, a mounting plate and a mounting frame; the digital projector is arranged on the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixed to the mounting frame by adjusting screws; there are three adjusting screws, which are distributed in a triangle at the bottom of the mounting plate to adjust the lens of the digital projector to be perpendicular to the workbench.

7. A fully automatic high-precision light-curing 3D printer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feeding system includes: a driving motor, a base, a support, a barrel and a displacement sensor located on the side of the barrel; the driving shaft of the driving motor is connected to the piston in the barrel through a ball screw transmission mechanism in the support, so that the driving motor drives the piston inside the barrel to extrude the slurry.

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