An annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction and corresponding method

Abstract

The present invention provides an annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device for railway roadbed sewage suction and a corresponding dust reduction method, which includes a water tank, a high-pressure water pump assembly, a reversing valve, a filter, an electric high-pressure ball valve, a speed regulating valve I, a speed regulating valve II, a high-pressure nozzle and a pipeline. An annular nozzle device is arranged along the outer surface of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle body, and the annular nozzle device is arranged in an annular shape on the outside of the cross-section of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle body. A plurality of high-pressure nozzles in the annular nozzle device are connected to form an annular shape through a pipeline. A speed regulating valve II is installed between the annular nozzle device and the upstream pipeline, and a speed regulating valve I is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the speed regulating valve II, and the upstream of the speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly through a pipeline. The device can be used for coal dust reduction in railway tunnels, will not cause a large amount of water accumulation on the roadbed during operation, and can meet 2 skylight points and at least 4-6 hours of continuous operation time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device for railway roadbed pollution suction, belonging to the technical field of engineering equipment. Background Art

[0002] Coal resources are one of the important energy sources in daily production and life. my country has abundant coal resources. Railways are the main mode of transportation for coal in inland areas. In provinces with particularly rich coal resources and large mining volumes, such as Shanxi and Shaanxi, special coal transportation lines have been built to facilitate the rapid transportation of coal after mining. During the railway transportation of coal, a small amount of coal powder will fall on the ballast bed, especially in the tunnel area. Due to the sudden change in air flow pressure when entering and exiting the tunnel, the coal powder spillage phenomenon is the most serious. The coal powder accumulated on the surface of the ballast bed for a long time will pollute the railway line equipment, cause the ballast bed to harden, affect the stability of the ballast bed structure, and have a serious impact on the operation safety of railway line vehicles. It must be cleaned up in time.

[0003] Due to the complex railway line conditions, small tunnel space, short working window time, large amount of coal powder, etc., the cleaning of coal powder in railway line tunnels is a difficult problem for all coal transportation line maintenance work. At present, there is no mature large-scale road maintenance machinery and equipment both internationally and domestically to solve this problem, and manual cleaning is basically adopted. During the coal powder cleaning construction in the tunnel, due to the relatively closed space, small coal powder particles, light weight, and very dry, a large amount of coal powder dust is easily generated during the cleaning process, which endangers the health of the construction workers, and causes poor visibility on site, affecting the safety of construction operations. In addition, when the cleaning operation is carried out for a long time, the coal powder in the tunnel is in danger of reaching an explosive concentration, which seriously threatens the life and property safety of the construction site workers.

[0004] There are usually two ways to reduce dust in existing railway line tunnels: forced ventilation and spray dust reduction. Forced ventilation dust reduction requires the use of large-volume ventilation facilities to allow air convection in the tunnel to remove dust. It is a commonly used construction dust reduction measure at present. However, for longer tunnels, large ventilation volume is required, and several levels of relays are often required. Special ventilation machinery is usually required, and the equipment is complex and the cost is also high. At the same time, for coal powder cleaning operations, the strong wind caused by ventilation will have an adverse effect on the collection of coal powder, and even produce more dust, affecting the work efficiency; the spray dust reduction method is to increase the weight of the dust by contacting the atomized water vapor with the dust, so that the dust settles. Since there is no suitable water intake point in the tunnel, the water source cannot be guaranteed. At the same time, if the water volume is not properly controlled, a large amount of water will accumulate in the roadbed, and even cause roadbed hardening and other diseases. Especially for the roadbed covered with coal powder, it will also be difficult to collect and clean due to the increase in coal powder humidity. Therefore, the spray dust reduction method is basically not used in the construction of existing line tunnels.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent application with the publication number CN108043617A discloses a high-pressure spray device, which is low in cost and can produce a large number of light dry mist with low energy consumption and cost. The structure includes a liquid inlet switch valve, a liquid filter, a high-pressure pump device, a high-pressure liquid delivery pipeline, an atomizing nozzle and an electrical control device, so that the liquid (usually water) is pressurized to a high pressure of 7 to 20 MPa in the liquid pressurizing device, and then the output is sent to the atomizing nozzle through the high-pressure liquid delivery pipeline and directly sprayed into dry mist. The spray dust reduction method is widely used in mine operations, urban air purification, etc., and usually adopts a method of mixing water and compressed air, and the atomization effect of the water spray is controlled by the pressure and speed of the compressed air. This method requires a large amount of compressed air, a large amount of water, and the greater the atomization requirement, the greater the amount of compressed air. There is also a method of directly using a high-pressure water pump to pressurize water and then spray it directly through a nozzle to produce atomized water, but because the water is in a floating state after atomization and will evaporate quickly, it can only play the role of humidifying the air and it is difficult to play the role of dust reduction. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides an annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway roadbed pollution suction, which includes a water tank, a high-pressure water pump assembly, a reversing valve, a filter, an electric high-pressure ball valve, a speed regulating valve I, a speed regulating valve II, a high-pressure nozzle and a pipeline. An annular nozzle device is arranged in an annular shape along the outer side of the cross section of the working vehicle body, and the annular nozzle device includes a plurality of high-pressure nozzles, which are connected to form an annular shape through pipelines. A speed regulating valve I is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the annular nozzle device, and the upstream of the speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly through a pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, a speed regulating valve II is installed between the annular nozzle device and the upstream pipeline, a speed regulating valve I is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the speed regulating valve II, and the upstream of the speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly through a pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, a front end annular nozzle device and a rear end annular nozzle device are respectively arranged in front and rear of the work vehicle frame, the front end annular nozzle device is arranged in a ring shape outside the cross section of the work vehicle body, and multiple high-pressure nozzles in the front end annular nozzle device are connected into a ring through pipes.

[0009] More preferably, a front-end speed regulating valve II is installed between the front-end annular nozzle device and the upstream pipeline, a front-end speed regulating valve I is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the front-end speed regulating valve II, and the upstream of the front-end speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly through a pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, a front-end electric high-pressure ball valve is also installed between the front-end speed regulating valve I and the high-pressure water pump assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the rear end annular nozzle device and the front end annular nozzle device are connected in parallel and then connected to the high pressure water pump assembly.

[0012] The structure of the rear end annular nozzle device is the same as that of the front end annular nozzle device.

[0013] A rear end speed regulating valve II is installed between the rear end annular nozzle device and the upstream pipeline, a rear end speed regulating valve I is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the rear end speed regulating valve II, and the upstream of the rear end speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly through a pipeline; a rear end electric high-pressure ball valve is also installed between the rear end speed regulating valve I and the electric water pump assembly.

[0014] The upstream of the high-pressure water pump assembly is connected to the water tank via a filter and a reversing valve.

[0015] The water tank is a container for operating water. It is arranged and designed to meet the demand for operating water according to the structural space of the entire operating vehicle.

[0016] The high-pressure water pump assembly is the power component of the high-pressure spray dust suppression device, which includes a high-pressure water pump, a hydraulic motor, a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge; the high-pressure water pump is connected to the hydraulic motor and outputs high-pressure water under the drive of the hydraulic motor. The pressure regulating valve is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure water pump to control the maximum working pressure of the high-pressure water. During the spray dust suppression operation, the pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating valve to adjust the amount of water output. The pressure regulating valve controls the outlet pressure of the high-pressure water pump from 4MPa to about 21MPa. The pressure gauge is installed in the pipe at the outlet of the high-pressure water pump to display the pressure of the sprayed high-pressure water.

[0017] A filter is installed upstream of the high-pressure water pump assembly to filter the water entering the high-pressure water pump to ensure the cleanliness of the working water and the normal service life of the high-pressure water pump.

[0018] A reversing valve is installed between the water tank and the filter. During normal operation, the filter is connected to the water tank through the reversing valve to absorb water from the water tank. When the ambient temperature may be lower than 0°C, the reversing valve must be switched after each operation is completed to allow the filter to be directly connected to the atmosphere, and then the high-pressure water pump is operated. After the high-pressure water pump inhales air, it discharges the water in the entire high-pressure spray dust suppression system to avoid freezing of residual water in the high-pressure spray dust suppression system after operation, which may cause damage to components or pipelines.

[0019] The front-end electric high-pressure ball valve and the rear-end electric high-pressure ball valve are used to control the on-off of the pipeline. A high-pressure ball valve is respectively provided between the front-end annular nozzle device and the high-pressure water pump assembly and between the rear-end annular nozzle device and the high-pressure water pump assembly, namely, the front-end electric high-pressure ball valve and the rear-end electric high-pressure ball valve. The working process is controlled by the high-pressure ball valve, so that only the front-end annular nozzle device can work, or only the rear-end annular nozzle device can work, or the front and rear ends can work at the same time. The high-pressure ball valve is electrically driven.

[0020] A speed regulating valve is installed before the high-pressure nozzle, which can adjust the atomization degree and water spray volume of some high-pressure nozzles according to the on-site operation conditions.

[0021] All components including the water tank, water pump assembly, reversing valve, etc. are connected by high-pressure hoses or hard pipes, which are convenient for layout.

[0022] A coal powder concentration sensor is installed outside the vehicle body of the working vehicle to detect dust concentration.

[0023] The working vehicle of the present invention is provided with two sets of annular nozzle devices, which are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device for railway track bed pollution suction. Each set of nozzle devices is composed of a plurality of high-pressure atomizing nozzles, which are arranged around the periphery of the cross section of the vehicle body in an annular shape, and the high-pressure nozzle outlet faces outward. All nozzles simultaneously spray out high-pressure refined water mist, which can cover the entire outer section of the vehicle body. The angle of each nozzle can be adjusted within a certain range, and the high-pressure water mist working area of ​​the whole vehicle can be offset to a certain distance to the rear or front of the vehicle body according to the needs of the site, and the water mist coverage range can also be adjusted.

[0024] All components including the water tank, water pump assembly, reversing valve, etc. are connected by high-pressure hoses or hard pipes, which are convenient for layout.

[0025] The annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device uses a high-pressure water pump to absorb water from the water tank, and then pumps it to the annular high-pressure nozzles at the front and rear ends of the operating device, and sprays it out at high speed through the nozzles, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the concentration of coal dust. The device mainly needs to solve the following problems:

[0026] 1) Arrangement of annular nozzles: To achieve full-section dust reduction, the number of nozzles needs to be reasonably distributed according to the atomization characteristics of each nozzle during spraying, the cross-section profile of the vehicle body and the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0027] 2) The amount of water used by the nozzle should be very small, but the atomization degree and range should meet the dust reduction requirements. At the same time, the atomization effect can be appropriately adjusted to meet the requirements of different line environments. For example, when the ambient wind speed is high, the atomization degree should be appropriately reduced so that the atomization area is not easily affected by the wind speed;

[0028] 3) It can realize automatic control of whether to spray, thereby controlling the effective water consumption and preventing water accumulation in the roadbed;

[0029] 4) Control the volume of the water tank to ensure that the axle weight of the whole vehicle is within the standard requirements. At the same time, the water filling operation time should be as long as possible, because it is very inconvenient to add water on the railway line, especially in the tunnel construction site;

[0030] 5) It has the ability to drain the water in the entire device, thereby preventing the water in the pipes or components from freezing and causing damage to the system components when the ambient temperature is below 0℃.

[0031] The positive effects of the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. The device is completely arranged inside the vehicle body, and cooperates with the coal powder cleaning device to spray water outside the vehicle body to atomize and reduce the coal powder dust. It has a compact structure and convenient layout.

[0033] 2. It adopts the method of direct atomization and spraying of high-pressure water, which has a simple structure. The nozzles are arranged in a ring along the outer side of the cross section of the whole vehicle, and atomized water is sprayed outward. The atomized water can form an atomization area about 1-1.5m thick around the vehicle body.

[0034] 3. Each nozzle can atomize water into 10-130μm particles and spray them out at high speed, which can reduce the coal dust entering the atomization area;

[0035] 4. Atomizing nozzles are arranged at the front and rear ends of the working device, which can control the dust area in the middle working device area and prevent it from spreading outward, thus improving the working environment;

[0036] 5. The maximum flow rate of the high-pressure water pump is about 20L / min. The water demand of the front annular nozzle device and the rear annular nozzle device during operation is about 5-8L / min. During the atomization method, a large amount of water will not accumulate on the roadbed;

[0037] 6. The front and rear annular high-pressure nozzles are controlled by electric ball valves, which can be used in conjunction with the coal powder concentration detector installed on the vehicle to achieve automatic spray dust reduction control, so that the coal powder concentration is strictly controlled within the safe concentration to avoid explosion hazards, and can effectively control the actual water consumption;

[0038] 7. It can drain the water in the pipes and components to avoid the freezing of water in the system and damage to the components or pipes;

[0039] 8. An adjustment valve is provided, and the atomization of the nozzles in some areas can be adjusted separately to meet the needs of the site. The amount of water used must be strictly controlled during construction in the railway line tunnel, because a large amount of water will not only make the coal powder on the ballast bed too wet and inconvenient to clean, but even the accumulated water will seep into the ballast bed, causing the ballast bed to become compacted, affecting the line performance. At the same time, since the railway line equipment is a mobile device, it is affected by the line boundary and the weight of the vehicle, and the amount of water that the equipment can carry is limited by the space and the weight of the whole vehicle. A high-pressure spray dust suppression device is used, and high-pressure water is provided by a high-pressure water pump and sprayed out through a high-pressure atomizing nozzle. The water is fully refined into a water mist with a high speed, which settles when it encounters the raised coal powder. The water mist has a large coverage area and has a strong ability to resist external winds. It only requires a very small amount of water, which can greatly reduce the demand for operating water and is conducive to the control of the weight of the whole vehicle.

[0040] The working vehicle described in the first aspect of the present invention is a mechanical device specially used for cleaning coal dust in tunnels, thereby replacing manual cleaning, reducing the number of construction workers required and the labor intensity, and greatly improving the working environment. The main cleaning device is installed in the middle of the vehicle. Although many dust suppression measures are taken, a certain amount of coal dust will still be generated during operation. Therefore, an annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device is arranged at a certain section at the front and rear ends of the working device of the vehicle. When working in the tunnel, a water mist area will be formed at the front and rear sections of the working device. After the coal dust enters the water mist area, it will settle down when it encounters water, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the coal dust concentration in the working area and controlling the range of coal dust.

[0041] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for absorbing pollution and reducing dust on a railway track bed, comprising:

[0042] Step A: After the whole system of the work vehicle is operating normally and the sewage suction operation begins, in the initial state, the reversing valve is in the normal position, the filter is connected to the water tank, the high-pressure water pump assembly is not running, and the electric high-pressure ball valve is in the closed state;

[0043] Step B: When the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway roadbed pollution suction starts to work, the hydraulic motor rotates first, thereby driving the high-pressure water pump to operate. The high-pressure water pump draws water from the water tank through the reversing valve and then presses it out from the water outlet. Since the electric high-pressure ball valve is closed at this time, the water pumped out by the high-pressure water pump flows back to the water tank through the pressure regulating valve of the water pump assembly;

[0044] Step C: After the railway ballast bed pollution suction operation begins, when the coal powder concentration sensor installed on the outside of the car body detects that the coal powder or other dust concentration caused by the pollution suction operation reaches the maximum allowable value, the system will automatically open the electric high-pressure ball valve, and the water pressed out by the high-pressure water pump will reach the annular nozzle device after passing through the electric high-pressure ball valve, and then be sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle in atomization.

[0045] Step D: Adjust the pressure regulating valve to control the high-pressure water pump in order to adjust the maximum working pressure of the outlet water.

[0046] Step E: Regulating the speed regulating valve I regulates the water spraying amount of the annular nozzle device, and regulating the speed regulating valve II regulates the water spraying amount of each high-pressure nozzle at the top of the annular nozzle device.

[0047] Step F: When the ambient temperature may be lower than 0℃, after the spray dust suppression operation is completed, first switch the reversing valve to the left position, the filter is directly connected to the atmosphere through the reversing valve, and the electric high-pressure ball valve is opened;

[0048] Step G: Run the high-pressure water pump assembly. The high-pressure water pump will then inhale air and directly pump compressed air into the pipeline. Under the action of the compressed air, the water in the pipeline will be sprayed out through the annular high-pressure nozzle device, thereby emptying the water in the railway track bed pollution suction annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device system.

[0049] Preferably, steps A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are performed in this order.

[0050] Preferably, only steps F and G are performed to complete the emptying operation of water or other liquids in the pipeline of the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device principle of a preferred embodiment of the annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device for railway track bed pollution suction according to the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 A side view of the overall arrangement of a preferred embodiment of the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction according to the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the front annular nozzle arrangement arrangement of the illustrated embodiment;

[0054] Figure 4 for Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure water pump assembly in the illustrated embodiment;

[0055] Figure 1-Figure 4 The meanings of the numbers are:

[0056] 1 Water tank 2 Reversing valve 3 Filter 4 High-pressure water pump assembly 5 Front-end electric high-pressure ball valve

[0057] 6 Rear end electric high pressure ball valve 7 Front end speed regulating valve I 8 Rear end speed regulating valve I 9 Front end annular nozzle device

[0058] 10 Rear end annular nozzle device 11 Front end speed regulating valve II 12 Rear end speed regulating valve II 13 Pipeline 14 Vehicle body

[0059] 15 High-pressure nozzle 16 Tunnel side wall 17 Roadbed surface 18 Hydraulic motor 19 High-pressure water pump

[0060] 20 pressure gauge 21 pressure regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Example 1.1: A circular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, it includes a water tank 1, a high-pressure water pump assembly 4, a reversing valve 2, a filter 3, a front-end electric high-pressure ball valve 5, a rear-end electric high-pressure ball valve 6, a front-end speed regulating valve I 7, a rear-end speed regulating valve I 8, a front-end speed regulating valve II 11, a rear-end speed regulating valve II 12, a high-pressure nozzle 15 and a pipeline 13. The annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device in this embodiment is installed on a railway roadbed suction truck, and it sprays high-pressure water mist to reduce dust and cooperate with coal powder cleaning operations.

[0062] In this embodiment, a front end annular nozzle device 9 and a rear end annular nozzle device 10 are respectively arranged in front and rear of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle frame, the front end annular nozzle device 9 is arranged in an annular shape on the outside of the cross-section of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle body, and a plurality of high-pressure nozzles in the front end annular nozzle device 9 are connected in an annular shape through a pipeline 13, a front end speed regulating valve II 11 is installed between the front end annular nozzle device 9 and the upstream pipeline, a front end speed regulating valve I 7 is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the front end speed regulating valve II 11, and the upstream of the front end speed regulating valve I7 is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly 4 through the pipeline 13; a front end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 is also installed between the front end speed regulating valve I 7 and the high-pressure water pump assembly 4.

[0063] The rear end annular nozzle device 10 and the front end annular nozzle device 9 are connected in parallel and are connected to the high pressure water pump assembly 4 .

[0064] The rear end annular nozzle device 10 has the same structure as the front end annular nozzle device 9 .

[0065] A rear end speed regulating valve II 12 is installed between the rear end annular nozzle device 10 and the upstream pipeline, and a rear end speed regulating valve I 8 is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the rear end speed regulating valve II 12. The upstream of the rear end speed regulating valve I 8 is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly 4 through a pipeline 13; a rear end electric high-pressure ball valve 6 is also installed between the rear end speed regulating valve I 8 and the electric water pump assembly 4.

[0066] The upstream of the high-pressure water pump assembly 4 is connected to the water tank 1 via the filter 3 and the reversing valve 2 .

[0067] The water tank 1 is a container for operating water, and is designed to meet the demand for operating water according to the structural space layout and design size of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle.

[0068] The high-pressure water pump assembly 4 is the power component of the high-pressure spray dust suppression device, which includes a high-pressure water pump 19, a hydraulic motor 18, a pressure regulating valve 21 and a pressure gauge 20; the high-pressure water pump 19 is connected to the hydraulic motor 18 and outputs high-pressure water under the drive of the hydraulic motor 18. The pressure regulating valve 21 is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure water pump 19 to control the maximum working pressure of the high-pressure water. During the spray dust suppression operation, the pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating valve 21 to adjust the amount of water output. The pressure regulating valve 21 controls the outlet pressure of the high-pressure water pump 19 from 4 to about 21 MPa. The pressure gauge 20 is installed in the pipe 13 at the outlet of the high-pressure water pump 19 to display the pressure of the sprayed high-pressure water.

[0069] A filter 3 is installed upstream of the high-pressure water pump assembly 4 to filter the water entering the high-pressure water pump 19, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the working water and the normal service life of the high-pressure water pump.

[0070] A reversing valve 2 is installed between the water tank 1 and the filter 3. During normal operation, the filter 3 is connected to the water tank 1 through the reversing valve 2 to absorb water from the water tank 1. When the ambient temperature may be lower than 0°C, the reversing valve 2 must be switched after each operation is completed to allow the filter 3 to be directly connected to the atmosphere, and then the high-pressure water pump is operated. After the high-pressure water pump inhales air, it discharges the water in the entire high-pressure spray dust suppression system to prevent the residual water in the high-pressure spray dust suppression system after operation from freezing and causing damage to components or pipelines.

[0071] The front end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear end electric high-pressure ball valve 6 are used to control the on-off of the pipeline. A high-pressure ball valve is respectively provided between the front end annular nozzle device 9 and the high-pressure water pump assembly 4 and between the rear end annular nozzle device 10 and the high-pressure water pump assembly 4, namely, the front end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear end electric high-pressure ball valve 6. The working process is controlled by the high-pressure ball valve, so that only the front end annular nozzle device 9 can work, or only the rear end annular nozzle device 10 can work, or the front end and the rear end can work at the same time. The high-pressure ball valve is electrically driven.

[0072] A speed regulating valve is provided before the high-pressure nozzle 15, which can adjust the atomization degree and water spraying amount of some high-pressure nozzles 15 according to the on-site operation conditions.

[0073] All components including the water tank, water pump assembly, reversing valve, etc. are connected by high-pressure hoses or hard pipes, which are convenient for layout.

[0074] The operation mode of the annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device for railway track bed sewage suction described in this embodiment is: after the normal operation of various systems of the whole vehicle, in the initial state, the reversing valve 2 is in the normal position, the filter 3 is connected to the water tank 1, the high-pressure water pump assembly 4 is not running, and the front end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear end electric high-pressure ball valve 6 are in the closed state; when the annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device for railway track bed sewage suction starts to work, the hydraulic motor 18 rotates first, thereby driving the high-pressure water pump 19 to operate, and the high-pressure water pump 19 draws water from the water tank 1 through the reversing valve 2, and then presses it out from the water outlet. Since the front end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear end electric high-pressure ball valve 6 are both closed, the water pumped out by the high-pressure water pump 19 flows back to the water tank 1 through the pressure regulating valve 21 of the water pump assembly 4.

[0075] After the pollution suction operation of the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway roadbed begins, when the coal powder concentration sensor installed on the outside of the vehicle body detects that the coal powder or other dust concentration caused by the pollution suction operation reaches the maximum allowable value, the system will automatically open the front electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear electric high-pressure ball valve 6, and the water pressed out by the high-pressure water pump 19 reaches the front annular nozzle device 9 after passing through the front electric high-pressure ball valve 5, and then sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle 15. At the same time, the high-pressure water flows through the rear electric high-pressure ball valve 6 and reaches the rear annular nozzle device 10, and then sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle 15. Adjust the pressure regulating valve 21 to control the maximum working pressure of the outlet water that the high-pressure water pump 19 can adjust. Adjust the front speed regulating valve I7 to adjust the water spraying amount of the front annular nozzle device 9, adjust the front speed regulating valve II11 to adjust the water spraying amount of each high-pressure nozzle 15 at the top of the front end, adjust the rear speed regulating valve I8 to adjust the water spraying amount of the rear annular nozzle device 10, and adjust the rear speed regulating valve II12 to adjust the water spraying amount of the single high-pressure nozzle 15 at the top of the rear end. The two high-pressure nozzles 15 at the top are adjusted separately. In other optional embodiments, according to the needs of the application, an adjustment valve can be installed on each high-pressure nozzle 15 to facilitate expansion.

[0076] When the ambient temperature may be lower than 0°C, after the spray dust reduction operation is completed, the water in the entire pipeline and components is drained in the following manner: first, switch the reversing valve 2 to the left position, and the filter 3 is directly connected to the atmosphere through the reversing valve 2, and the front electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear electric high-pressure ball valve 6 are opened; then run the high-pressure water pump assembly 4, and the high-pressure water pump 19 will inhale air and directly pump compressed air into the pipeline. Under the action of compressed air, the water in the pipeline will be sprayed out through the front annular high-pressure nozzle device 9 and the rear annular high-pressure nozzle device 10, thereby draining the water in the system.

[0077] Embodiment 1.2: A ring-shaped high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction, which is the same as Embodiment 1.1, except that: the reversing valve 2 is manually controlled to realize automatic emptying of water in the system without manual switching of the reversing valve;

[0078] Example 1.3: A ring-shaped high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction, which is the same as Example 1.1, except that the reversing valve 2 is electrically controlled.

[0079] Embodiment 1.4: A ring-shaped high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction is the same as Embodiment 1.1, except that the reversing valve 2 is manually controlled and the high-pressure water pump 19 is driven by a motor.

[0080] Embodiment 2.1: A method for dust reduction by annular high-pressure spraying, comprising:

[0081] Step 1: In the initial state, the reversing valve 2 is in the normal position, the filter 3 is connected to the water tank 1, the high-pressure water pump assembly 4 is not running, and the front-end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear-end electric high-pressure ball valve 6 are in the closed state;

[0082] Step 2: When the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway roadbed pollution suction starts to work, the hydraulic motor 18 rotates first, thereby driving the high-pressure water pump 19 to operate. The high-pressure water pump 19 absorbs water from the water tank 1 through the reversing valve 2, and then presses it out from the water outlet. Since the front-end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear-end electric high-pressure ball valve 6 are both closed, the water pumped out by the high-pressure water pump 19 flows back to the water tank 1 through the pressure regulating valve 21 of the water pump assembly 4.

[0083] Step 3: After the pollution suction operation of the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway roadbed pollution suction begins, when the coal powder concentration sensor installed on the outside of the vehicle body detects that the coal powder or other dust concentration caused by the pollution suction operation reaches the maximum allowable value, the system will automatically open the front electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear electric high-pressure ball valve 6, and the water pressed out by the high-pressure water pump 19 reaches the front annular nozzle device 9 after passing through the front electric high-pressure ball valve 5, and then is atomized and sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle 15. At the same time, the high-pressure water flows through the rear electric high-pressure ball valve 6 and reaches the rear annular nozzle device 10, and then is atomized and sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle 15.

[0084] Step 4: Regulate the pressure regulating valve 21 to control the high-pressure water pump 19 to adjust the maximum working pressure of the outlet water. Regulate the front speed regulating valve I7 to adjust the water spraying amount of the front annular nozzle device 9, regulate the front speed regulating valve II11 to adjust the water spraying amount of each high-pressure nozzle 15 at the top of the front end, regulate the rear speed regulating valve I8 to adjust the water spraying amount of the rear annular nozzle device 10, and regulate the rear speed regulating valve II12 to adjust the water spraying amount of the single high-pressure nozzle 15 at the top of the rear end.

[0085] Step 5: When the ambient temperature may be lower than 0°C, after the spray dust suppression operation is completed, the water in the entire pipeline and components is drained in the following manner: first, the reversing valve 2 is switched to the left position, and the filter 3 is directly connected to the atmosphere through the reversing valve 2, and the front-end electric high-pressure ball valve 5 and the rear-end electric high-pressure ball valve 6 are opened;

[0086] Step 6: Then run the high-pressure water pump assembly 4. At this time, the high-pressure water pump 19 will inhale air and directly pump compressed air into the pipeline. Under the action of the compressed air, the water in the pipeline will be sprayed out through the front end annular high-pressure nozzle device 9 and the rear end annular high-pressure nozzle device 10, thereby draining the water in the system.

[0087] The positive effects of the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction described in the above embodiment are:

[0088] 1. This device is installed on the railway track sewage suction vehicle and can be moved on the railway line for operation;

[0089] 2. This device can be used to reduce coal dust in railway tunnels without causing a large amount of water accumulation on the roadbed during operation;

[0090] 3. This device has its own water tank, which can be filled with water before operation. There is no need to provide water source on site. A full tank of water can ensure effective operation for at least 6 hours, which can meet the effective operation requirements of at least two skylight points, that is, at least 4-6 hours of continuous operation time;

[0091] 4. The nozzle is directly sprayed for atomization. The degree of nozzle atomization meets the dust reduction requirements. The spray pressure during water atomization is adjustable.

[0092] 5. The nozzles are arranged in a ring shape along the outside of the cross section of the vehicle, and the atomized water covers a space of about 1 to 1.5 m outside the vehicle body, which can achieve dust reduction for the entire section outside the vehicle body in a single-track tunnel and half of the section in a double-track tunnel.

[0093] 6. The spray dust suppression at the front and rear ends of the working area can be controlled separately, and the spray water volume can be adjusted separately.

[0094] 7. Whether to perform spray dust reduction can be automatically controlled according to the detection value of the coal powder concentration sensor, so that the coal powder concentration is far lower than the explosion concentration.

[0095] Cooperate with the railway ballast suction truck to carry out coal powder cleaning operations in railway line tunnels, reduce the concentration of coal powder generated by the railway ballast suction truck when operating in the tunnel, improve the construction working environment, and make the coal powder concentration far below the explosion concentration to ensure operation safety.

Claims

1. A method for sucking dirt and reducing dust from railway ballast, characterized in that include: Step A: After all systems of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle are operating normally and the sewage suction operation begins, in the initial state, the reversing valve (2) is in a normal position, the filter (3) is connected to the water tank (1), the high-pressure water pump assembly (4) is not operating, and the electric high-pressure ball valve is in a closed state; Step B: When the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction starts to work, the hydraulic motor (18) rotates first, thereby driving the high-pressure water pump (19) to operate. The high-pressure water pump (19) draws water from the water tank (1) through the reversing valve (2) and then presses it out from the water outlet. Since the electric high-pressure ball valve is closed at this time, the water pumped out by the high-pressure water pump (19) flows back to the water tank (1) through the pressure regulating valve (21) of the high-pressure water pump assembly (4); Step C: After the railway track bed pollution suction annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device starts the pollution suction operation, when the coal powder concentration sensor installed on the outside of the vehicle body detects that the coal powder or other dust concentration caused by the pollution suction operation reaches the maximum allowable value, the system will automatically open the electric high-pressure ball valve, and the water pressed out by the high-pressure water pump (19) reaches the annular high-pressure nozzle device after passing through the electric high-pressure ball valve, and then sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle (15); Step D: adjusting the pressure regulating valve (21) to control the high-pressure water pump (19) so as to adjust the maximum working pressure of the outlet water; Step E: adjusting the speed regulating valve I to adjust the water spraying amount of the annular high-pressure nozzle device, and adjusting the speed regulating valve II to adjust the water spraying amount of each high-pressure nozzle (15) at the top of the annular high-pressure nozzle device; Step F: When the ambient temperature may be below 0 0 At C, after the spray dust suppression operation is completed, the reversing valve (2) is first switched to the left position, and the filter (3) is directly connected to the atmosphere through the reversing valve (2), and the electric high-pressure ball valve is opened; Step G: The high-pressure water pump assembly (4) is operated, and the high-pressure water pump (19) will suck in air and directly pump compressed air into the pipeline. Under the action of the compressed air, the water in the pipeline will be sprayed out through the annular high-pressure nozzle device, thereby emptying the water in the annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device system for railway track bed pollution suction; Execute steps A, B, C, D, E, F, and G in this order, or only execute steps F and G to complete the emptying operation of the water or other liquid in the pipeline of the annular high-pressure spray dust suppression device for railway track bed pollution suction; The annular high-pressure spray dust reduction device for railway roadbed sewage suction comprises a high-pressure water pump assembly (4), a speed regulating valve I and a high-pressure nozzle (15); the annular high-pressure nozzle device is arranged in an annular shape along the outer side of the cross section of the working vehicle body; the annular high-pressure nozzle device comprises a plurality of high-pressure nozzles (15), and the plurality of high-pressure nozzles (15) are connected in an annular shape; a speed regulating valve I is also arranged on the upstream pipeline of the annular high-pressure nozzle device, and the upstream of the speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly (4); a front end annular high-pressure nozzle device and a rear end annular high-pressure nozzle device are arranged in front and rear of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle frame respectively; the front end annular high-pressure nozzle device is arranged in an annular shape on the outer side of the cross section of the railway roadbed sewage suction vehicle body, and A plurality of high-pressure nozzles in the front annular high-pressure nozzle device are connected in an annular shape through a pipeline (13); a front speed regulating valve II is installed between the front annular high-pressure nozzle device and the upstream pipeline, a front speed regulating valve I is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the front speed regulating valve II, and the upstream of the front speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly (4) through the pipeline (13); a front electric high-pressure ball valve is also installed between the front speed regulating valve I and the high-pressure water pump assembly (4); the rear annular high-pressure nozzle device is connected in parallel with the front annular high-pressure nozzle device and is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly (4); a rear speed regulating valve II is installed between the rear annular high-pressure nozzle device and the upstream pipeline, and a rear speed regulating valve II is also installed on the pipeline upstream of the rear speed regulating valve II. There is a rear end speed regulating valve I, and the upstream of the rear end speed regulating valve I is connected to the high-pressure water pump assembly (4) through a pipeline (13); a rear end electric high-pressure ball valve is also installed between the rear end speed regulating valve I and the high-pressure water pump assembly (4); the high-pressure water pump assembly (4) includes a high-pressure water pump (19), a hydraulic motor (18), a pressure regulating valve (21) and a pressure gauge (20); the high-pressure water pump (19) is connected to the hydraulic motor (18) and outputs high-pressure water under the drive of the hydraulic motor (18); the pressure regulating valve (21) is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure water pump (19) and is used to control the maximum working pressure of the high-pressure water. During the spray dust suppression operation, the pressure is controlled by the pressure regulating valve (21) to adjust the water output. The pressure regulating valve (21) The outlet pressure of the high-pressure water pump (19) is controlled from 4 MPa to 21 MPa. The pressure gauge (20) is installed on the pipe (13) at the outlet of the high-pressure water pump (19) to display the pressure of the ejected high-pressure water. A filter (3) is installed upstream of the high-pressure water pump assembly (4) to filter the water entering the high-pressure water pump (19) to ensure the cleanliness of the working water and the normal service life of the high-pressure water pump. The upstream of the high-pressure water pump assembly (4) is connected to the water tank (1) via the filter (3) and the reversing valve (2). During normal operation, the filter (3) is connected to the water tank (1) through the reversing valve (2) to absorb water from the water tank (1). When the ambient temperature may be lower than 0 0 C, after each operation is completed, the reversing valve (2) must be switched to allow the filter (3) to be directly connected to the atmosphere, and then the high-pressure water pump is operated. After the high-pressure water pump inhales air, it discharges the water in the entire high-pressure spray dust suppression system to prevent the residual water in the high-pressure spray dust suppression system from freezing after the operation, causing damage to components or pipelines.

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