Reflectarray antenna unit, reflectarray antenna, and manufacturing method

Abstract

The present application discloses a reflectarray antenna unit, a reflectarray antenna and a manufacturing method. The upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate of the reflectarray antenna unit are press-fitted and connected. A radiation patch is provided at a corner of the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate. A first coupling slot, a second coupling slot and a third coupling slot are provided on the upper foil plate below the radiation patch. The lower dielectric substrate contains metallized vias, which together with the upper foil plate and the lower foil plate form a dielectric integrated waveguide. The metallized vias include first metallized vias uniformly distributed around the antenna unit and on at least one side of the radiation patch. The three slots and the radiation patch act as resonators, and there is coupling and cross-coupling between them, which have filtering characteristics and can effectively suppress out-of-band interference. The reflectarray antenna uses an air-feed method to feed each antenna unit, and has the characteristics of low loss, low profile and high gain, good signal quality, and has the characteristics of miniaturization and integration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a reflective array antenna unit, a reflective array antenna, and a manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] Microstrip antennas are a type of antenna that emerged in the 1970s. As early as 1953, Deschamps proposed the concept of utilizing the radiation principle of microstrip lines to create microstrip antennas. It wasn't until the development of theoretical microstrip transmission models and photolithography techniques for copper-clad dielectric substrates that scholars such as Munson and Howell developed the first practical microstrip antennas. Since the 1970s, microstrip antennas have further developed in both theory and the breadth and depth of their applications, demonstrating their enormous potential in practical applications. New microstrip antennas with new forms and performance continue to emerge, finding widespread application in military fields such as satellite communications, navigation, telemetry, and remote control, and weapon fuses, as well as in civilian applications such as modern mobile communications, personal communications, medical devices, and environmental protection.

[0003] As mobile communications enter the 5G era, the communication spectrum is getting higher and higher, and the electromagnetic wave loss is also increasing. To ensure the communication coverage radius, the microstrip array antenna in the existing technology often needs to increase the number of antenna units to improve the antenna gain. However, with the increase in the number of units, a complex feeding network needs to be designed.

[0004] For a long time in the future, 5G will coexist and develop with 4G / 3G. Antennas take up a lot of space, available space is becoming increasingly tight, and there is potential electromagnetic interference and coupling between different spectrums.

[0005] It can be seen that the antennas in the existing technology have the following problems in terms of structure and effect: (1) The antenna is large in size, and the complex feeding network will introduce additional losses. This problem is particularly prominent in the high-frequency millimeter wave band, making it difficult to achieve high gain; (2) There is also potential electromagnetic interference and coupling between different spectrums, resulting in poor signal quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application proposes a reflectarray antenna unit, a reflectarray antenna, and a manufacturing method to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, thereby reducing the size of the reflectarray antenna unit and feeding each antenna unit in an air-feed manner, thereby eliminating the need for a feeding network and meeting the requirements of a high-gain antenna. The antenna has a filtering out-of-band suppression characteristic, effectively solving the problems of electromagnetic interference and coupling between different spectrums.

[0007] The present application provides a reflective array antenna unit, comprising a rectangular upper dielectric substrate, an upper foil plate, a lower dielectric substrate, and a lower foil plate, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate are press-fitted together, a radiating patch is provided at a corner of the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and a first coupling slot, a second coupling slot, and a third coupling slot are provided on the upper foil plate below the radiating patch; the lower dielectric substrate comprises metallized vias, which together with the upper foil plate and the lower foil plate form a dielectric integrated waveguide; the metallized vias comprise first metallized vias uniformly distributed around the antenna unit and on at least one side of the radiating patch.

[0008] Preferably, the metallized vias further include matching vias located at corners in the dielectric integrated waveguide.

[0009] It may also be preferred that at least one first metallized via located at one end of the dielectric integrated waveguide is offset inwardly to become a second metallized via.

[0010] It may also be preferred that the centers of the first coupling slot, the second coupling slot and the third coupling slot are aligned and arranged in parallel.

[0011] It may also be preferred that the first coupling slot, the second coupling slot and the third coupling slot are perpendicular to the propagation direction of the dielectric integrated waveguide.

[0012] It is also possible that, preferably, the upper dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate, and the first dielectric substrate is press-connected to the lower dielectric substrate via the second dielectric substrate.

[0013] The reflectarray antenna unit of the present application has a first layer of dielectric substrate and a third layer of dielectric substrate pressed together into a whole through a second layer of dielectric substrate. The reflectarray antenna unit forms a planar microstrip structure composed of three layers of dielectric substrates. The first coupling slot, the second coupling slot, the third coupling slot and the corresponding structure of the radiation patch realize the resonance function, and there is coupling and cross-coupling between them, which has filtering characteristics. The upper foil plate, the third layer of dielectric substrate and the lower foil plate constitute a dielectric integrated waveguide (SIW). The first metallized via is used to realize the dielectric integrated waveguide SIW. The diameter and hole spacing of the first metallized via are designed according to the operating frequency and processing technology to achieve low-loss and efficient transmission of the waveguide main mode energy in the SIW. The matching vias at the corners of the SIW improve impedance matching and reduce energy transmission loss in the waveguide. The second metallized via meets the reflection phase of the reflectarray antenna unit required by the design by controlling the position parameters.

[0014] The manufacturing method of the reflect array antenna unit of the present application may include the following steps:

[0015] Adhere a radiation patch to a corner position of the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate;

[0016] A first coupling slot, a second coupling slot and a third coupling slot are formed on the upper foil plate and are located below the radiation patch;

[0017] Metallized vias for realizing dielectric integrated waveguides are evenly distributed at the edges of the lower dielectric substrate and on the center line of the lower dielectric substrate on at least one side of the radiation patch;

[0018] The upper dielectric substrate, the upper foil plate, the lower dielectric substrate and the lower foil plate are connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0019] Preferably, at least one first metallized via located at one end of the dielectric integrated waveguide is shifted inwardly to form a second metallized via, and the position of the second metallized via is adjusted according to the main beam direction of the reflectarray antenna.

[0020] It is also possible to preferably adjust the position of the second metallized via hole so that its position is changed according to the required reflection phase control, and the change amount L is the distance that the second metallized via hole moves toward the inner side of the underlying dielectric substrate.

[0021] The present application also provides a reflectarray antenna, including an air-fed illumination source and a reflectarray antenna plane, the reflectarray antenna plane including at least two reflectarray antenna units as described in one aspect of the present invention, with adjacent sides of a rectangular top surface as x and y axes, the reflectarray antenna units are evenly arranged along the x and y axis directions to form a matrix structure, and the main lobe of the air-fed illumination source points to the center of the reflectarray antenna plane.

[0022] The present application also provides a method for manufacturing a reflective array antenna, wherein a plurality of reflective array antenna units are evenly arranged along the x-axis and y-axis directions to form a matrix structure, and the main lobe of the air-fed illumination source points to the center of the reflective array antenna plane.

[0023] The reflectarray antenna unit, reflectarray antenna, and manufacturing method of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The reflectarray antenna unit of the present application comprises a planar microstrip structure formed by a multi-layer dielectric substrate. The three slots and the radiating patch act as resonators to achieve resonance. There is coupling and cross-coupling between them, resulting in filtering characteristics that can effectively suppress out-of-band interference. The manufacturing method of the reflectarray antenna unit of the present application achieves the required unit reflection phase of the reflectarray antenna by moving and adjusting the position of the second metallized via within the reflectarray antenna unit.

[0025] The reflectarray antenna of the present application is designed based on the reflection phase curve to design the main beam direction of the reflectarray antenna, and the reflectarray antenna design is completed. The reflectarray antenna has the characteristics of low sidelobes, maintains high gain and flat gain within the in-band operating frequency range, and in the out-of-band frequency range on both sides, the reflectarray antenna gain is weakened, and the gain is lower than the in-band frequency, achieving filtering performance. The reflectarray antenna of the present application combines the characteristics of parabolic antennas and microstrip array antennas. The reflectarray antenna uses an air-feed method to feed each antenna unit, does not require a feeding network, and has the characteristics of low loss, low profile and high gain. The reflectarray antenna has the filtering characteristics of the reflectarray antenna unit and has an out-of-band suppression function, which can effectively solve the out-of-band interference problem and the potential electromagnetic interference and coupling problems between different spectrums. The signal quality is good. The reflectarray antenna achieves high gain while also having filtering characteristics, has the characteristics of miniaturization and integration, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural perspective view of the reflect array antenna unit of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the radiation patch of the reflectarray antenna unit of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view of the dielectric integrated waveguide of the reflectarray antenna unit of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reflectarray antenna of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 The reflection phase of the reflect array antenna unit of this application at 94GHz changes with the second metallized via position parameter L m Changing curve graph.

[0032] Figure 6 This is the main polarization pattern of the reflectarray antenna of this application at 94 GHz.

[0033] Figure 7 This is the cross-radius pattern of the reflectarray antenna of this application at 94 GHz.

[0034] Figure 8 This is the reflect array antenna gain curve of this application.

[0035] In the figure, 1 is the radiation patch, 2 is the upper dielectric plate, 201 is the first dielectric substrate, 202 is the second dielectric substrate, 3 is the first metallized via, 4 is the upper foil plate, 401 is the first coupling slot, 402 is the second coupling slot, 403 is the third coupling slot, 5 is the lower dielectric substrate, 6 is the lower foil plate, 7 is the matching via, 8 is the second metallized via, 10 is the air-fed illumination source, and 11 is the reflectarray antenna plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of this application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A reflect array antenna unit, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a rectangular upper dielectric substrate 2, an upper foil plate 4, a lower dielectric substrate 5 and a lower foil plate 6 connected in sequence from top to bottom; the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the lower dielectric substrate 5 are press-fitted together, a radiating patch 1 is provided at the corner of the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate 2, and the upper foil plate 4 is provided with a first coupling slot 401, a second coupling slot 402 and a third coupling slot 403 located below the radiating patch 1; the lower dielectric substrate 5 includes metallized vias, which together with the upper and lower foil plates form a dielectric integrated waveguide; the metallized vias include first metallized vias 3 evenly distributed around the antenna unit and on at least one side of the radiating patch 1.

[0040] The manufacturing method of the reflect array antenna unit of this embodiment may include the following steps:

[0041] Adhere the radiation patch 1 to a corner position on the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate 2;

[0042] A first coupling slot 401, a second coupling slot 402 and a third coupling slot 403 are formed on the upper foil plate 4 and are located below the radiation patch 1;

[0043] Metalized vias 3 for realizing dielectric integrated waveguide are evenly distributed at the edges of the lower dielectric substrate 5 and on the center line of the lower dielectric substrate on at least one side of the radiation patch 1;

[0044] The upper dielectric substrate 2, the upper foil plate 4, the lower dielectric substrate 5 and the lower foil plate 6 are connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A reflect array antenna unit is similar to that of embodiment 1, except that the metallized via further comprises a matching via 7 located at a corner portion of the dielectric integrated waveguide.

[0047] The reflect array antenna unit may further be configured such that at least one first metallized via 3 located at one end of the dielectric integrated waveguide is shifted inwardly to form a second metallized via 8 .

[0048] The reflect array antenna unit may further be configured such that the first coupling slot 401 , the second coupling slot 402 and the third coupling slot 403 are centrally aligned and arranged in parallel.

[0049] The reflect array antenna unit may further comprise the first coupling slot 401 , the second coupling slot 402 and the third coupling slot 403 being perpendicular to the propagation direction of the dielectric integrated waveguide.

[0050] The reflect array antenna unit may further include the upper dielectric substrate 2 comprising a first dielectric substrate 201 and a second dielectric substrate 202 , and the first dielectric substrate 201 is press-fitted and connected to the lower dielectric substrate 5 via the second dielectric substrate 202 .

[0051] The manufacturing method of the above-mentioned reflective array antenna unit can further be further: at least one first metallized via 3 located at one end of the dielectric integrated waveguide is offset inward to become a second metallized via 8, and the position of the second metallized via 8 is adjusted according to the main beam direction of the reflective array antenna.

[0052] The manufacturing method of the reflective array antenna unit can further adjust the position of the second metallized via 8 so that its position is changed according to the required reflection phase control, and the change amount L is the distance that the second metallized via 8 moves toward the inner side of the underlying dielectric substrate 5.

[0053] The manufacturing method of the reflectarray antenna unit may further include the metallized vias including matching vias 7 located at corners in the dielectric integrated waveguide.

[0054] The manufacturing method of the reflective array antenna unit may further include aligning the centers of the first coupling slot 401 , the second coupling slot 402 , and the third coupling slot 403 and arranging them in parallel.

[0055] The manufacturing method of the reflect array antenna unit may further include arranging the first coupling slot 401 , the second coupling slot 402 and the third coupling slot 403 perpendicular to the propagation direction of the dielectric integrated waveguide.

[0056] The manufacturing method of the reflect array antenna unit can further include the upper dielectric substrate 2 including a first dielectric substrate 201 and a second dielectric substrate 202 , and the first dielectric substrate 201 is pressed and connected to the lower dielectric substrate 5 through the second dielectric substrate 202 .

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A reflective array antenna unit is similar to that of Example 1 or Example 2, except that the radiation patch 1 is square and located at the upper right corner of the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate 2. Its side length is 0.3-0.5 times the dielectric wavelength of the upper dielectric substrate 2, and its thickness is 0.035 mm. Figure 3 As shown, the width of the first coupling slot 401 is 0.04-0.05 times the wavelength of the dielectric material of the lower dielectric substrate 5, and the length is 0.3-0.33 times the wavelength of the dielectric material of the lower dielectric substrate 5. The width of the second coupling slot 402 is 0.04-0.05 times the wavelength of the dielectric material of the lower dielectric substrate 5, and the length is 0.34-0.36 times the wavelength of the dielectric material of the lower dielectric substrate 5. The width of the third coupling slot 403 is 0.04-0.05 times the wavelength of the dielectric material of the lower dielectric substrate 5, and the length is 0.25-0.29 times the wavelength of the dielectric material of the lower dielectric substrate 5. The upper foil plate 4 is a copper foil plate with a thickness of 0.035 mm. The lower foil plate 6 is a copper foil plate with a thickness of 0.035 mm. The first metallized via 3, the second metallized via 8, and the matching via 7 are all circular holes. The first metallized via 3 and the second metallized via 8 have equal diameters. The diameter of the matching via 7 is 0.9 times that of the first metallized via 3. The second metallized via 8 is a movable via, whose position is adjusted by controlling the position parameter L to meet the required unit reflection phase of the reflectarray antenna. The reflectarray antenna unit is square, with a side length of 0.5-0.7 times the wavelength at the center frequency. The length and width of the upper dielectric substrate 2, the second dielectric substrate 202, the upper foil plate 4, the lower dielectric substrate 5, and the lower foil plate 6 are preferably equal.

[0059] In the reflectarray antenna unit of the above embodiment, the upper dielectric substrate 2 and the lower dielectric substrate 5 are laminated together into a whole via the second dielectric substrate 202, forming a planar microstrip structure composed of three dielectric substrates. The first coupling slot 401, the second coupling slot 402, and the third coupling slot 403 correspond to the radiating patch 1, achieving resonance and exhibiting mutual coupling and cross-coupling, thereby providing filtering characteristics. The upper foil plate 4, the lower dielectric substrate 5, and the lower foil plate 6 form a dielectric integrated waveguide (SIW), and the first metallized vias 3 are used to implement the SIW. The diameter and hole spacing of the first metallized vias 3 are determined based on the operating frequency and processing technology to achieve low-loss and efficient transmission of the waveguide main mode energy within the SIW. Matching vias 7 at the corners of the SIW improve impedance matching and reduce energy transmission loss within the waveguide. The second metallized vias 8 can control the position parameter L to meet the required reflection phase of the reflectarray antenna unit.

[0060] Among them, one works in the W band millimeter wave, the first dielectric substrate 201 adopts Rogers duroid5880 substrate, with a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.127mm; the lower dielectric substrate 5 adopts Rogers RO3006 substrate, with a relative dielectric constant of 6.15 and a thickness of 0.25mm; the second dielectric substrate 202 adopts Rogers RO4450F semi-cured sheet, with a relative dielectric constant of 3.52 and a thickness of 0.101mm; the reflective array antenna unit works in the W band with a center frequency of 94GHz, and the side length of the reflective array antenna unit is P unit , the side length of the radiation patch 1 is L patch , the diameter of the first metallized via 3 is D via The hole spacing between the first metallized vias 3 is S via After theoretical calculation and simulation optimization, a set of optimal structural parameters are as follows: P unit =2.12mm, L patch =0.81mm, D via =0.22mm, S via=0.53mm. The lengths of the first coupling slot 401, the second coupling slot 402, and the third coupling slot 403 can be different. The line connecting the center points of the three is preferably located on the same straight line, which is parallel to one side of the reflectarray antenna unit and perpendicular to the three. In other words, the three centers are preferably aligned and arranged in parallel. The widths of the three are preferably equal. The spacing between the three can be 90% of their widths. For example, the widths of the first coupling slot 401, the second coupling slot 402, and the third coupling slot 403 can all be 0.1mm. The lengths of the first coupling slot 401, the second coupling slot 402, and the third coupling slot 403 can all be 0.68mm. The lengths of the second coupling slot 402, the lengths of the third coupling slot 403, and the lengths of the third coupling slot 403 can all be 0.58mm. The spacing between the three can be 0.09mm. The diameters of the matching vias 7 are all 0.2mm. Figure 5 The reflection phase response curve of the second metallized via 8 position parameter L is changed at an operating frequency of 94 GHz. It can be seen that the reflection phase changes linearly with L and can satisfy the 360-degree phase range, thereby supporting the construction of a high-gain reflective array antenna.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] A reflectarray antenna includes an air-fed illumination source 10 and a reflectarray antenna plane 11. The reflectarray antenna plane 11 includes at least two reflectarray antenna units described in any of the above embodiments. The reflectarray antenna units are evenly arranged along the x- and y-axis directions to form a matrix structure, with the adjacent sides of the rectangular top surface as the x- and y-axes. The main lobe of the air-fed illumination source 10 points to the center of the reflectarray antenna plane 11.

[0063] The reflectarray antenna of this embodiment is designed by designing the main beam direction of the reflectarray antenna based on the reflection phase curve. The reflectarray antenna has the characteristics of low sidelobes, maintains high gain and flat gain within the in-band operating frequency range, and weakens the gain of the reflectarray antenna in the out-of-band frequency range on both sides, with the gain being lower than that of the in-band frequency, thereby achieving filtering performance.

[0064] Among them, the air-fed illumination source 10 can be optionally a horn antenna, and its position coordinates are The main lobe of the feed points to the center of the reflect array antenna plane 11. The reflect array antenna plane 11 is composed of the invented filter reflect array antenna units arranged periodically along the x and y axis directions, and the position parameter L of the movable via 90 in each unit is m According to the main beam direction of the designed reflect array antenna Adjust. Where m = 1 ~ M, M is the number of antenna units that make up the array antenna, L m is the position parameter of the mth antenna element.

[0065] Specifically, based on the reflective array antenna unit, a reflective array antenna operating in the millimeter wave W band, such as Figure 4 As shown, the air-fed illumination source 10 is selected as a linearly polarized standard gain horn antenna, and its position coordinate is (x f ,0,z f )=(-33.6mm, 0, 145.7mm), and the main lobe of the feed points to the center of the reflectarray antenna plane 11; the reflectarray antenna plane 11 is a circular aperture surface with an arrangement number of 80×80 reflectarray antenna units, and the main beam direction of the reflectarray antenna like Figure 5 The reflection phase curve is shown, and the position parameter L of the second metallized via 90 of each reflective array antenna unit in the reflective array antenna plane 11 can be calculated. m , thus completing the design of the reflectarray antenna.

[0066] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a reflectarray antenna, wherein a plurality of the reflectarray antenna units are evenly arranged along the x and y axis directions to form a matrix structure, and the main lobe of the air-fed illumination source points to the center of the reflectarray antenna plane.

[0067] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the reflectarray antenna has excellent high gain characteristics, with a gain of up to 41dB, and ideal cross-polarization performance, which is -60dB lower than the main polarization; in addition, the reflectarray antenna also has a low sidelobe characteristic, and its sidelobe level is lower than -30dB.

[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, within the in-band operating frequency range, the reflectarray antenna maintains high gain and flat gain, while in the out-of-band frequency range on both sides, the reflectarray antenna gain is greatly weakened, and the gain is 19dB lower than the in-band frequency. At the same time, the transition band is steep, showing good frequency selection characteristics, achieving filtering performance.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] The reflect array antenna of embodiment 4 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it is also possible to further configure the reflective array antenna plane 11 to be a circular aperture surface.

[0071] Furthermore, the air-fed illumination source 10 is a horn antenna.

[0072] Furthermore, the position of the second metallized via 90 in the reflectarray antenna unit is adjusted according to the main beam direction of the reflectarray antenna.

[0073] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A reflective array antenna unit, comprising an upper dielectric substrate (2), an upper foil plate (4), a lower dielectric substrate (5) and a lower foil plate (6) which are rectangular and connected in sequence from top to bottom; characterized in that: The upper dielectric substrate (2) and the lower dielectric substrate (5) are press-fitted and connected; a rectangular radiation patch (1) is provided at a corner of the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate (2); a first coupling slot (401), a second coupling slot (402) and a third coupling slot (403) are provided on the upper foil plate (4) and are located below the radiation patch (1); the lower dielectric substrate (5) includes metallized vias, which together with the upper foil plate and the lower foil plate form a dielectric integrated waveguide; the metallized vias include a plurality of first metallized vias (3) uniformly distributed around the antenna unit and on the center line of one side of the edge of the radiation patch (1) within the antenna unit. The metallized via further comprises a matching via (7) located at a corner portion of the dielectric integrated waveguide; only one first metallized via (3) located at one end of the dielectric integrated waveguide is inwardly offset to form a second metallized via (8), and the second metallized via (8) satisfies the unit reflection phase required by the reflective array antenna; the reflective array antenna unit forms a planar microstrip structure composed of three layers of dielectric substrate; the first coupling slot (401), the second coupling slot (402) and the third coupling slot (403) are centrally aligned and arranged in parallel, and are perpendicular to the propagation direction of the dielectric integrated waveguide to achieve resonance.

2. The reflectarray antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first metallized via (3), the second metallized via (8), and the matching via (7) are all circular holes; the first metallized via (3) and the second metallized via (8) have the same diameter; and the matching via (7) has a diameter that is 0.9 times the diameter of the first metallized via (3).

3. The reflectarray antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The reflective array antenna unit is square, and the side length is 0.5-0.7 times the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.

4. The reflectarray antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first coupling gap (401), the second coupling gap (402), and the third coupling gap (403) have equal widths.

5. The reflectarray antenna unit according to claim 4, wherein: The spacing value of the first coupling slot (401), the second coupling slot (402) and the third coupling slot (403) is 90% of their width values.

6. The reflectarray antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The upper dielectric substrate (2) comprises a first dielectric substrate (201) and a second dielectric substrate (202); the first dielectric substrate (201) and the lower dielectric substrate (5) are pressed and connected via the second dielectric substrate (202).

7. The method for manufacturing a reflectarray antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The following steps are included: Adhere a radiation patch (1) at a corner position of the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate (2); A first coupling slot (401), a second coupling slot (402), and a third coupling slot (403) are provided on the upper foil plate (4) and are located below the radiation patch (1); Metalized vias (3) for realizing dielectric integrated waveguides are evenly distributed at the edges of the lower dielectric substrate (5) and on the center line of the lower dielectric substrate on at least one side of the radiation patch (1); The upper dielectric substrate (2), the upper foil plate (4), the lower dielectric substrate (5) and the lower foil plate (6) are connected in sequence from top to bottom.

8. The method for manufacturing a reflectarray antenna unit according to claim 7, wherein: At least one first metallized via (3) located at one end of the dielectric integrated waveguide is shifted inwardly to form a second metallized via (8), and the position of the second metallized via (8) is adjusted according to the main beam direction of the reflective array antenna.

9. The method for manufacturing a reflectarray antenna unit according to claim 8, wherein: When adjusting the position of the second metallized via (8), its position is changed according to the required reflection phase control, and the change amount L is the distance that the second metallized via (8) moves toward the inner side of the lower dielectric substrate (5).

10. A reflect array antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air-fed illumination source (10) and a reflective array antenna plane (11), wherein the reflective array antenna plane (11) comprises at least two reflective array antenna units according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein adjacent sides of a rectangular top surface are x and y axes, and the reflective array antenna units are uniformly arranged along the x and y axis directions to form a matrix structure, and the main lobe of the air-fed illumination source (10) points to the center of the reflective array antenna plane (11).

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