A smart online testing system and method for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples

Abstract

This invention relates to an intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples, comprising a support frame, a support partition, a coal sample experimental chamber, a sealing cover, a coal sample support platform, a drive piston, a piston drive mechanism, and a gas analyzer. The support partition divides the support frame into a control chamber and an experimental chamber. The upper surface of the coal sample experimental chamber is connected to the upper surface of the sealing cover. The coal sample support platform is embedded in the coal sample experimental chamber. The drive piston is connected to the piston drive mechanism, and the upper surface of the piston drive mechanism is connected to the lower surface of the drive piston. The lower surface of the drive piston communicates with the gas analyzer, which is located within the control chamber. The testing method includes three steps: equipment prefabrication, encapsulation testing, and equipment reset. This invention effectively improves the efficiency of coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic testing and facilitates coal sample loading and unloading. Furthermore, it effectively enhances the flexibility, convenience, and accuracy of experimental environment simulation and experimental pressure adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device for detecting the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples, and more particularly to an intelligent online testing system and method for detecting the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples. Background Technology

[0002] The determination of coal oxidation characteristics is a crucial factor in ensuring coal mine production safety and controlling mine capacity and the smooth operation of working faces. To address this issue, various structural types of coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic detection devices and corresponding detection methods have been developed, such as "A Device for Measuring the Spontaneous Combustion Tendency of Coal in a Simulated Coal Yard" (patent application number "201520044815.X") and "201610268808.7". While patents such as "Experimental Method for the Influence of Space and Multi-component Gases on the Spontaneous Combustion Tendency of Coal" do not fully meet the needs of coal sample characteristic testing, they all suffer from various drawbacks in practice. Firstly, their systems are complex, cumbersome, and difficult to operate, with low levels of automation and difficulties in loading and unloading coal samples. These shortcomings severely impact the efficiency and labor intensity of testing operations. Secondly, they often only meet the needs of specific testing conditions and media, resulting in poor simulation of actual coal seams and storage environments. Consequently, the test data deviates significantly from reality, or exhibits poor data versatility and limitations, making it difficult to effectively meet the needs of practical work.

[0003] Therefore, in view of this situation, there is an urgent need to develop a brand-new device and experimental method for detecting the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples to meet the needs of practical use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic detection device. On the one hand, this invention boasts a high degree of integration and automation, offering simple and flexible operation, effectively improving the efficiency of coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic detection. Furthermore, the loading and unloading of coal samples is convenient. On the other hand, during detection, it effectively enhances the flexibility, convenience, and accuracy of experimental environment simulation and pressure adjustment, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and range of the detection operation. Ultimately, this significantly improves the reliability, convenience, accuracy, and efficiency of coal sample detection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] A smart online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples includes a support frame, a support partition, a support arm, a coal sample experimental chamber, a sealing cover, a temperature and humidity sensor, a coal sample support platform, a drive piston, a piston drive mechanism, a high-pressure gas source, a moisture filtration mechanism, a gas analyzer, and a drive circuit. The support frame is a rectangular frame structure in cross-section. The support partition is embedded in the support frame, dividing the support frame into a control chamber and an experimental chamber. The axes of the control chamber and the experimental chamber form an angle of 0°–120° with the horizontal plane. The coal sample experimental chamber and the sealing cover are both located within the experimental chamber and are distributed parallel to the axis of the experimental chamber. The coal sample experimental chamber is a hollow cylindrical structure, with its upper end face connected to and coaxially distributed with the upper end face of the sealing cover. The coal sample experimental chamber and the sealing cover are both connected to the side surface of the corresponding support partition of the experimental chamber through the support arm. The axis of the support arm is perpendicular to the surface of the support partition, and the front end face of the support arm is hinged to the side surface of the support partition, the coal sample experimental chamber, and the sealing cover through a turntable mechanism. The coal sample support platform is embedded in the coal sample experimental chamber and is connected to the coal sample... The experimental chamber is coaxially distributed and slidably connected to the side wall of the coal sample experimental chamber. The lower end face of the coal sample support platform is connected to and coaxially distributed with the driving piston. The lower end face of the driving piston is outside the lower end face of the coal sample experimental chamber and is connected to the piston driving mechanism. There is at least one piston driving mechanism, which is embedded in the coal sample experimental chamber and distributed parallel to the axis of the coal sample experimental chamber. The upper end face of the piston driving mechanism is connected to and perpendicular to the lower end face of the driving piston. The sealing cover, the coal sample support platform, and the driving piston all have guide holes distributed coaxially with the coal sample experimental chamber. The guide holes on the sealing cover are connected to the high-pressure gas source. The guide holes on the lower end face of the driving piston are connected to the gas analyzer through the moisture filtration mechanism. There is at least one temperature and humidity sensor, which is embedded in the lower end face of the coal sample support platform and electrically connected to the driving circuit. The high-pressure gas source, the moisture filtration mechanism, the gas analyzer, and the driving circuit are all located in the control chamber. The driving circuit is electrically connected to the coal sample experimental chamber, the sealing cover, the temperature and humidity sensor, the piston driving mechanism, the high-pressure gas source, the moisture filtration mechanism, the gas analyzer, and the turntable mechanism, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the coal sample experimental chamber and sealing cover both include a supporting substrate, thermocouples, electric heating wires, a heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, and terminals. The heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad is a hollow tubular structure coaxially distributed around the supporting substrate, covering the outside of the supporting substrate. Several electric heating wires are evenly distributed around the axis of the supporting substrate, connected to the inner surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, and abutting against the outer surface of the supporting substrate. At least two thermocouples are evenly distributed from top to bottom along the axis of the supporting substrate, embedded in the rear surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, and connected to the outer surface of the supporting substrate. The terminals are embedded in the outer surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, electrically connected to each thermocouple and electric heating wire, and electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the coal sample support platform includes a support base and a support mesh. The support base is a ring-shaped frame structure coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber. The guide holes are coaxially distributed with the support base, and the inner diameter of the guide holes is 10%-30% of the outer diameter of the support base. The upper end face of the support base is provided with a positioning groove with a cross-section in the shape of a "U". The diameter of the positioning groove is 80%-90% of the diameter of the support base. The support mesh is embedded in the positioning groove and connected to the bottom of the positioning groove by several pressure springs. The support mesh is coaxially distributed with the support base, and the bottom of the positioning groove and the support mesh form an angle of 0°-10°. The distance between the support mesh and the bottom of the positioning groove is 0-5 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving piston includes a piston block, a sealing ring, a guide piston rod, a guide sleeve, a protective cover, a pressure sensor, and a displacement sensor. The piston block and the guide piston rod are cylindrical structures coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber. At least one sealing ring is provided on the side surface of the piston block, coaxially distributed with the piston block. The piston block is coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber through the sealing ring and is slidably connected. The upper end face of the piston block is connected to the lower end face of the coal sample support platform through several pressure sensors. The coal sample support platform is coaxially distributed with the piston block, and the pressure sensors are evenly distributed around the axis of the coal sample support platform. The lower end face of the piston block is connected to and coaxially distributed with the guide piston rod. The guide holes between the piston block and the guide piston rod are interconnected and coaxially distributed. The protective cover covers... The protective cover, which is coaxially distributed with the lower end face of the coal sample experimental chamber, has a through hole and covers the guide piston rod through the through hole, and is slidably connected to the guide piston rod. The guide sleeve is a hollow cylindrical mechanism coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber, embedded in the coal sample experimental chamber and covering the guide piston rod. The outer side of the guide sleeve is connected to the inner side of the coal sample experimental chamber, the lower end face abuts against the guide sleeve, and the upper end face abuts against the lower end face of the piston drive mechanism. The piston drive mechanism is located in the coal sample experimental chamber between the lower end face of the piston block and the upper end face of the guide sleeve. At least one displacement sensor is provided on the upper end face of the guide sleeve. The displacement sensor is connected to the outer side of the guide piston rod. The pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are also electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned guide hole, the guide hole at the upper end face of the sealing cover is connected to a high-pressure air source through a pressure regulating pump, and a control valve is provided between the pressure regulating pump and the guide hole. A pressure sensor and a flow sensor are also provided at the control valve. The guide hole at the lower end face of the drive piston is connected to a moisture filtration mechanism through a negative pressure pump. The pressure regulating pump, control valve, pressure sensor, flow sensor, and negative pressure pump are all electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear end face of the bearing arm is slidably connected to the bearing partition via a three-dimensional displacement stage, and one of the movement directions of the three-dimensional displacement stage is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The three-dimensional displacement stage is also electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the coal sample test cavity is further connected to a corresponding bearing frame through a bearing keel. The bearing keel is coaxially distributed with the coal sample test cavity and has a cross-section in a "C"-shaped groove structure. The outer surface of the coal sample test cavity is slidably connected to the inner surface of the bearing frame through a turntable mechanism. There are two turntable mechanisms in total, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the coal sample test cavity, and are slidably connected to the inner surface of the bearing keel through a chute. One of the turntable mechanisms is connected to a bearing arm and is coaxially distributed. The outer surface of the bearing keel is slidably connected to the side surface of the bearing frame through a chute. The chute is hinged to the bearing keel through a ratchet mechanism, and the axis of the chute forms an angle of 0° - 360° with the horizontal plane.

[0013] Furthermore, the piston driving mechanism is any one of a hydraulic rod, a pneumatic rod, an electric telescopic rod, a gear-rack mechanism, a worm-gear mechanism, and a linear motor mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving circuit is a circuit system based on an industrial single-chip microcomputer. The driving circuit further includes an industrial bus module, an IGBT driving circuit module, and a data communication bus module. The industrial bus module is electrically connected to the IGBT driving circuit module and the data communication bus module. The industrial bus module and the IGBT driving circuit module are respectively electrically connected to the coal sample test cavity, the sealing cover, the temperature and humidity sensor, the piston driving mechanism, the high-pressure gas source, the moisture filtering mechanism, the gas analyzer, and the turntable mechanism.

[0015] A detection method for an intelligent online test system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples includes the following steps:

[0016] S1, equipment prefabrication. First, assemble the bearing frame, bearing partition, bearing arm, coal sample test cavity, sealing cover, temperature and humidity sensor, coal sample bearing platform, driving piston, piston driving mechanism, high-pressure gas source, moisture filtering mechanism, and driving circuit that constitute the present invention, and then install and fix the assembled present invention to a designated position through the bearing frame. Electrically connect the driving circuit to an external power supply system and a monitoring system. Then, adjust the working positions of each bearing arm through a three-dimensional displacement table, and cooperate with the turntable mechanism to make the coal sample test cavity and the sealing cover coaxially distributed, and separate the coal sample test cavity and the sealing cover, thus completing the equipment assembly of the present invention;

[0017] S2, Encapsulation and Testing: After completing step S1, the piston-driven mechanism first drives the driving piston and the coal sample support platform connected to the driving piston to descend along the axis of the coal sample experimental chamber. Then, the coal sample to be tested is placed into the coal sample experimental chamber, and the coal sample support platform supports the coal sample. Next, the sealing cover is driven to seal the upper surface of the coal sample experimental chamber, thus forming a sealed cavity between the coal sample support platform and the sealing cover. Then, the driving piston moves the coal sample support platform and the coal sample above it upwards under the drive of the piston-driven mechanism, causing the coal sample to come into contact with the sealing cover. Under the drive of the piston-driven mechanism, the compression pressure on the coal sample is increased until the current pressure on the coal sample matches the actual pressure value of the simulated formation. The coal sample is pressurized, and then heated and regulated by the electric heating wires of the coal sample test chamber and the sealed cover. At the same time, the temperature and humidity of the coal sample are detected by thermocouples and temperature and humidity sensors under the coal sample support platform, and the temperature and humidity are adjusted to the required level for testing. Then, high-pressure gas for testing is introduced into the coal sample through the pressure regulating pump box, and the pressure and total amount of gas introduced into the coal sample are adjusted according to the pressure sensor. The gas for testing passes through the coal sample under high temperature and high pressure and reacts with the coal sample. After being discharged from the coal sample test chamber through the guide hole, the gas is first dried and dehumidified by a moisture filtration mechanism driven by a negative pressure pump. Finally, the dried and dehumidified gas is delivered to the gas analyzer for testing.

[0018] S3, Equipment Reset: After completing step S2, first stop heating the coal sample via the heating wire. After the coal sample, coal sample test chamber, and sealing cover return to room temperature, separate the coal sample test chamber and sealing cover. Then, drive the coal sample test chamber to rotate via the turntable mechanism, so that the axis of the coal sample test chamber forms an angle of 0°–90° with the horizontal plane, and its upper end face points downward. Then, with the help of external tools and the gravity of the coal sample itself, remove the coal sample and the coal sample support platform connected to the coal sample from the coal sample test chamber. After cleaning the inner surface of the coal sample test chamber, the surface of the driving piston, and the guide hole, flip the coal sample test chamber again via the turntable mechanism so that its axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and its upper end face points upward. This completes the reset of the test of this invention and returns to step S1 to prepare for the next round of time.

[0019] On the one hand, this invention has a high degree of integration and automation, and is simple and flexible to operate, which can effectively improve the efficiency of coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic detection. The coal sample loading and unloading operations are also convenient. On the other hand, in the detection process, it can effectively improve the flexibility, convenience and accuracy of experimental environment simulation and experimental pressure adjustment, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and range of detection operations, and thus effectively improving the reliability, convenience, accuracy and efficiency of coal sample detection. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a portion of the coal sample experimental chamber and sealing cover;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the structural design of the coal sample support platform;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the coal sample experimental chamber, coal sample support platform, driving piston, and piston driving mechanism.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, an intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples includes a support frame 1, a support partition 2, a support arm 3, a coal sample experimental chamber 4, a sealing cover 5, a temperature and humidity sensor 6, a coal sample support platform 7, a driving piston 8, a piston driving mechanism 9, a high-pressure gas source 10, a moisture filtration mechanism 11, a gas analyzer 12, and a driving circuit 13. The support frame 1 is a rectangular frame structure in cross-section. The support partition 2 is embedded in the support frame 1, dividing the support frame 1 into a control chamber 101 and an experimental chamber 102. The axes of the control chamber 101 and the experimental chamber 102 are... The coal sample test chamber 4 and the sealing cover 5 are both located inside the test chamber 102 at an angle of 0° to 120° with the horizontal plane and are distributed parallel to the axis of the test chamber 102. The coal sample test chamber 4 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its upper end face is connected to the upper end face of the sealing cover 5 and distributed coaxially. The coal sample test chamber 4 and the sealing cover 5 are both connected to the side surface of the corresponding bearing partition 2 of the test chamber 102 through the bearing arm 3. The axis of the bearing arm 3 is distributed perpendicular to the plate surface of the bearing partition 2, and the front end face of the bearing arm 3 is hinged to the side surface of the bearing partition 2, the coal sample test chamber 4, and the sealing cover 5 through the turntable mechanism 14.

[0028] In this embodiment, the coal sample support platform 7 is embedded in the coal sample experimental chamber 4, coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber 4, and slidably connected to the side wall of the coal sample experimental chamber 4. The lower end face of the coal sample support platform 7 is connected to and coaxially distributed with the driving piston 8. The lower end face of the driving piston 8 is outside the lower end face of the coal sample experimental chamber 4 and is connected to the piston driving mechanism 9. At least one piston driving mechanism 9 is embedded in the coal sample experimental chamber 4, distributed parallel to the axis of the coal sample experimental chamber 4, and the upper end face of the piston driving mechanism 9 is connected to and perpendicularly distributed with the lower end face of the driving piston 8. The sealing cover 5, the coal sample support platform 7, and the driving piston 8 all have guide holes 15 distributed coaxially with the coal sample experimental chamber 4. The guide hole 15 on the sealing cover 5 is connected to the high-pressure gas source 10. The guide hole 15 on the lower end face of the driving piston 8 is connected to the gas analyzer 12 through the moisture filtration mechanism 11. At least one temperature and humidity sensor 6 is embedded in the lower end face of the coal sample support platform 7 and is electrically connected to the driving circuit 13. The high-pressure gas source 10, the moisture filtration mechanism 11, the gas analyzer 12 and the driving circuit 13 are all located in the control cavity 101. The driving circuit 13 is electrically connected to the coal sample experimental cavity 4, the sealing cover 5, the temperature and humidity sensor 6, the piston driving mechanism 9, the high-pressure gas source 10, the moisture filtration mechanism 11, the gas analyzer 12 and the turntable mechanism 14 respectively.

[0029] In this embodiment, the coal sample test chamber 4 and the sealing cover 5 both include a supporting substrate 101, thermocouples 102, electric heating wires 103, a heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad 104, and terminals 105. The heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad 104 is a hollow tubular structure coaxially distributed around the supporting substrate 101, covering the outside of the supporting substrate 101. Several electric heating wires 103 are evenly distributed around the axis of the supporting substrate 101, connected to the inner surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad 104, and abutting against the outer surface of the supporting substrate 101. At least two thermocouples 102 are evenly distributed from top to bottom along the axis of the supporting substrate 101, embedded in the rear surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad 104, and connected to the outer surface of the supporting substrate 101. The terminals 105 are embedded in the outer surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad 104, electrically connected to each thermocouple 102 and electric heating wire 103, and electrically connected to the drive circuit 13.

[0030] Meanwhile, the coal sample support platform 7 includes a support base 71 and a support net 72. The support base 71 is a ring-shaped frame structure coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber 4. The guide hole 15 is coaxially distributed with the support base 71, and the inner diameter of the guide hole 15 is 10%-30% of the outer diameter of the support base 71. The upper end face of the support base 71 is provided with a positioning groove 73 with a cross-section in the shape of a "U". The diameter of the positioning groove 73 is 80%-90% of the diameter of the support base 71. The support net 72 is embedded in the positioning groove 73 and is connected to the bottom of the positioning groove 73 by several pressure springs 74. The support net 72 is coaxially distributed with the support base 71. The bottom of the positioning groove 73 and the support net 72 form an angle of 0°-10°, and the distance between the support net 72 and the bottom of the positioning groove 73 is 0-5 mm.

[0031] It is important to note that the driving piston 8 includes a piston block 81, a sealing ring 82, a guide piston rod 83, a guide sleeve 84, a protective cover 85, a pressure sensor 86, and a displacement sensor 87. The piston block 81 and the guide piston rod 83 are cylindrical structures coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber 4. At least one sealing ring 82 is provided on the side surface of the piston block 81, and the piston block 81 is coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber 4 through the sealing ring 82 and is slidably connected. The upper end face of the piston block 81 is connected to the lower end face of the coal sample support platform 7 through several pressure sensors 86. The coal sample support platform 7 is coaxially distributed with the piston block 81, and the pressure sensors 86 are evenly distributed around the axis of the coal sample support platform 7. The lower end face of the piston block 81 is connected to and coaxially distributed with the guide piston rod 83, and the guide holes 15 between the piston block 81 and the guide piston rod 83 are connected and coaxially distributed. A protective cover 85 covers the lower end face of the coal sample experimental chamber 4 and is coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber 4. The protective cover 85 has a through hole 88, and covers the guide piston rod 83 through the through hole 88 and is slidably connected to the guide piston rod 83. The guide sleeve 84 is a hollow cylindrical mechanism coaxially distributed with the coal sample experimental chamber 4, embedded in the coal sample experimental chamber 4 and covering the guide piston rod 83. The outer side of the guide sleeve 84 is connected to the inner side of the coal sample experimental chamber 4, the lower end face abuts against the guide sleeve 84, and the upper end face abuts against the lower end face of the piston drive mechanism 9. The piston drive mechanism 9 is located in the coal sample experimental chamber 4 between the lower end face of the piston block 81 and the upper end face of the guide sleeve 85. At least one displacement sensor 87 is provided on the upper end face of the guide sleeve 84. The displacement sensor 87 is connected to the outer side of the guide piston rod. The pressure sensor 86 and the displacement sensor 87 are also electrically connected to the drive circuit 13.

[0032] Further optimized, in the diversion hole 15, the diversion hole 15 at the upper end surface of the sealing cover 4 is connected to the high-pressure gas source 10 through a pressure regulating pump 16, and a control valve 17 is arranged between the pressure regulating pump 16 and the diversion hole 15. An air pressure sensor 18 and a flow sensor 19 are arranged at the control valve 17. The diversion hole 15 at the lower end surface of the driving piston 8 is connected to the moisture filtering mechanism 11 through a negative pressure pump 20. The pressure regulating pump 16, the control valve 17, the air pressure sensor 18, the flow sensor 19 and the negative pressure pump 20 are all electrically connected to the driving circuit 13.

[0033] In addition, the rear end surface of the carrying arm 3 is slidably connected to the carrying partition plate 2 through a three-dimensional displacement table, and one of the movement directions of the three-dimensional displacement table is vertically distributed with respect to the horizontal plane. The three-dimensional displacement table is further electrically connected to the driving circuit.

[0034] It should be noted that the coal sample test chamber 4 is further connected to the corresponding carrying rack 1 of the test chamber 102 through a carrying keel 21. The carrying keel 21 is coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber 4 and has a cross-section in a "C"-shaped groove structure. The outer surface of the coal sample test chamber 4 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the carrying rack 1 through a turntable mechanism 14. There are two turntable mechanisms 14 in total, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the coal sample test chamber 4, and are slidably connected to the inner surface of the carrying keel 21 through a sliding groove 22. One of the turntable mechanisms 14 is connected to the carrying arm 3 and is coaxially distributed. The outer surface of the carrying keel 21 is slidably connected to the side surface of the carrying rack 1 through a sliding groove 22. The sliding groove 22 is hinged to the carrying keel 21 through a ratchet mechanism, and the axis of the sliding groove 22 forms an angle of 0° - 360° with the horizontal plane.

[0035] Further optimized, the piston driving mechanism 9 is any one of a hydraulic rod, a pneumatic rod, an electric telescopic rod, a gear rack mechanism, a worm gear mechanism and a linear motor mechanism.

[0036] Further optimized, the driving circuit 13 is a circuit system based on an industrial single-chip microcomputer. The driving circuit further has an industrial bus module, an IGBT driving circuit module and a data communication bus module. The industrial bus module is electrically connected to the IGBT driving circuit module and the data communication bus module. The industrial bus module and the IGBT driving circuit module are respectively electrically connected to the coal sample test chamber 4, the sealing cover 5, the temperature and humidity sensor 6, the piston driving mechanism 9, the high-pressure gas source 10, the moisture filtering mechanism 11, the gas analyzer 12 and the turntable mechanism 14.

[0037] As Figure 5 shown, a detection method for an intelligent on-line test system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples includes the following steps:

[0038] S1, Equipment Prefabrication: First, the supporting frame, supporting partition, supporting arm, coal sample test chamber, sealing cover, temperature and humidity sensor, coal sample support platform, driving piston, piston driving mechanism, high-pressure gas source, moisture filtration mechanism and driving circuit of the present invention are assembled. Then, the assembled present invention is installed and fixed to the designated position by the supporting frame. The driving circuit is electrically connected to the external power supply system and monitoring system. Then, the working position of each supporting arm is adjusted by the three-dimensional displacement table, and the coal sample test chamber and sealing cover are coaxially distributed and separated by the turntable mechanism. The assembly of the present invention is thus completed.

[0039] S2, Encapsulation and Testing: After completing step S1, the piston-driven mechanism first drives the driving piston and the coal sample support platform connected to the driving piston to descend along the axis of the coal sample experimental chamber. Then, the coal sample to be tested is placed into the coal sample experimental chamber, and the coal sample support platform supports the coal sample. Next, the sealing cover is driven to seal the upper surface of the coal sample experimental chamber, thus forming a sealed cavity between the coal sample support platform and the sealing cover. Then, the driving piston moves the coal sample support platform and the coal sample above it upwards under the drive of the piston-driven mechanism, causing the coal sample to come into contact with the sealing cover. Under the drive of the piston-driven mechanism, the compression pressure on the coal sample is increased until the current pressure on the coal sample matches the actual pressure value of the simulated formation. The coal sample is pressurized, and then heated and regulated by the electric heating wires of the coal sample test chamber and the sealed cover. At the same time, the temperature and humidity of the coal sample are detected by thermocouples and temperature and humidity sensors under the coal sample support platform, and the temperature and humidity are adjusted to the required level for testing. Then, high-pressure gas for testing is introduced into the coal sample through the pressure regulating pump box, and the pressure and total amount of gas introduced into the coal sample are adjusted according to the pressure sensor. The gas for testing passes through the coal sample under high temperature and high pressure and reacts with the coal sample. After being discharged from the coal sample test chamber through the guide hole, the gas is first dried and dehumidified by a moisture filtration mechanism driven by a negative pressure pump. Finally, the dried and dehumidified gas is delivered to the gas analyzer for testing.

[0040] S3, Equipment Reset: After completing step S2, first stop heating the coal sample via the heating wire. After the coal sample, coal sample test chamber, and sealing cover return to room temperature, separate the coal sample test chamber and sealing cover. Then, drive the coal sample test chamber to rotate via the turntable mechanism, so that the axis of the coal sample test chamber forms an angle of 0°–90° with the horizontal plane, and its upper end face points downward. Then, with the help of external tools and the gravity of the coal sample itself, remove the coal sample and the coal sample support platform connected to the coal sample from the coal sample test chamber. After cleaning the inner surface of the coal sample test chamber, the surface of the driving piston, and the guide hole, flip the coal sample test chamber again via the turntable mechanism so that its axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and its upper end face points upward. This completes the reset of the test of this invention and returns to step S1 to prepare for the next round of time.

[0041] Furthermore, in the specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0042] 1. While uniformly heating and adjusting the temperature of the coal sample through the thermocouples set in the coal sample test chamber and sealing cover, the internal energy generated during the compression of the coal sample can also be used to increase and regulate the temperature of the coal sample.

[0043] 2. Depending on the needs of the testing operation, the gas medium of the high-pressure gas source can be adjusted accordingly. This allows for coal sample testing using single gas media such as nitrogen, methane, oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, as well as testing of coal samples after mixing and pressurizing multiple gases. This effectively improves the applicability of the testing operation and the accuracy and versatility of the test data.

[0044] On the one hand, this invention has a high degree of integration and automation, and is simple and flexible to operate, which can effectively improve the efficiency of coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic detection. The coal sample loading and unloading operations are also convenient. On the other hand, in the detection process, it can effectively improve the flexibility, convenience and accuracy of experimental environment simulation and experimental pressure adjustment, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and range of detection operations, and thus effectively improving the reliability, convenience, accuracy and efficiency of coal sample detection.

[0045] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples, characterized in that: The intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples includes a support frame, a support partition, a support arm, a coal sample experimental chamber, a sealing cover, a temperature and humidity sensor, a coal sample support platform, a drive piston, a piston drive mechanism, a high-pressure gas source, a moisture filtration mechanism, a gas analyzer, and a drive circuit. The support frame is a rectangular frame structure in cross-section. The support partition is embedded in the support frame, dividing the support frame into a control chamber and an experimental chamber. The axes of the control chamber and the experimental chamber form an angle of 0°–120° with the horizontal plane. The sample testing chamber and the sealing cover are both located inside the testing chamber and are distributed parallel to the axis of the testing chamber. The coal sample testing chamber is a hollow cylindrical structure, with its upper end face connected to and coaxially distributed with the upper end face of the sealing cover. The coal sample testing chamber and the sealing cover are both connected to the side surface of the corresponding bearing partition of the testing chamber through bearing arms. The axis of the bearing arm is perpendicular to the surface of the bearing partition, and the front end face of the bearing arm is hinged to the side surface of the bearing partition, the coal sample testing chamber, and the sealing cover through a turntable mechanism. The coal sample bearing platform is embedded in the coal sample testing chamber and is connected to the coal sample... The test chamber is coaxially distributed and slidably connected to the side wall of the coal sample test chamber. The lower end face of the coal sample support platform is connected to and coaxially distributed with the driving piston. The lower end face of the driving piston is outside the lower end face of the coal sample test chamber and is connected to the piston driving mechanism. At least one piston driving mechanism is embedded in the coal sample test chamber and distributed parallel to the axis of the coal sample test chamber. The upper end face of the piston driving mechanism is connected to and perpendicularly distributed with the lower end face of the driving piston. The sealing cover, the coal sample support platform, and the driving piston all have guide holes coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber. The guide holes on the sealing cover are connected to the high-pressure gas source. The guide holes on the lower end face of the driving piston are connected to the gas analyzer through the moisture filtration mechanism. At least one temperature and humidity sensor is embedded in the lower end face of the coal sample support platform and electrically connected to the driving circuit. The high-pressure gas source, the moisture filtration mechanism, the gas analyzer, and the driving circuit are all located in the control chamber. The driving circuit is electrically connected to the coal sample test chamber, the sealing cover, the temperature and humidity sensor, the piston driving mechanism, the high-pressure gas source, the moisture filtration mechanism, the gas analyzer, and the turntable mechanism, respectively. The coal sample test chamber and sealing cover both include a supporting substrate, thermocouples, electric heating wires, a heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, and terminals. The heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad is a hollow tubular structure coaxially distributed on the supporting substrate, covering the outside of the supporting substrate. Several electric heating wires are evenly distributed around the axis of the supporting substrate, connected to the inner surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, and abutting against the outer surface of the supporting substrate. At least two thermocouples are evenly distributed from top to bottom along the axis of the supporting substrate, embedded in the rear surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, and connected to the outer surface of the supporting substrate. The terminals are embedded in the outer surface of the heat-insulating and flame-retardant pad, electrically connected to each thermocouple and electric heating wire, and electrically connected to the drive circuit. The driving piston described above includes a piston block, a sealing ring, a guiding piston rod, a guiding sleeve, a protective cover, a pressure sensor, and a displacement sensor. The piston block and the guiding piston rod are cylindrical structures coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber. At least one sealing ring coaxially distributed with the piston block is provided on the side surface of the piston block. The piston block is coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber through the sealing ring and is slidably connected. The upper end surface of the piston block is connected to the lower end surface of the coal sample bearing platform through a number of pressure sensors. The coal sample bearing platform is coaxially distributed with the piston block, and the pressure sensors are evenly distributed around the axis of the coal sample bearing platform. The lower end surface of the piston block is connected to and coaxially distributed with the guiding piston rod, and the diversion holes between the piston block and the guiding piston rod are connected and coaxially distributed. The protective cover covers the lower end surface of the coal sample test chamber and is coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber. A through hole is provided on the protective cover, and the guiding piston rod is covered through the through hole and is slidably connected to the guiding piston rod. The guiding sleeve is a hollow cylindrical mechanism coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber, is embedded in the coal sample test chamber, and covers the guiding piston rod. The outer side surface of the guiding sleeve is connected to the inner side surface of the coal sample test chamber, the lower end surface abuts against the guiding sleeve, and the upper end surface abuts against the lower end surface of the piston driving mechanism. And the piston driving mechanism is located in the coal sample test chamber between the lower end surface of the piston block and the upper end surface of the guiding sleeve. At least one displacement sensor is provided on the upper end surface of the guiding sleeve. The displacement sensor is connected to the outer side surface of the guiding piston rod. The pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively electrically connected to the driving circuit; The coal sample test chamber is further connected to the corresponding bearing frame of the test chamber through a bearing keel. The bearing keel is a structure with a "C" - shaped cross - section coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber. The outer surface of the coal sample test chamber is slidably connected to the inner surface of the bearing frame through a turntable mechanism. And there are two turntable mechanisms in total, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the axis of the coal sample test chamber, and are slidably connected to the inner surface of the bearing keel through a chute. And one of the turntable mechanisms is connected to and coaxially distributed with a bearing arm. The outer surface of the bearing keel is slidably connected to the side surface of the bearing frame through a chute. The chute and the bearing keel are hinged through a ratchet mechanism, and the axis of the chute forms an angle of 0° - 360° with the horizontal plane.

2. The intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal sample bearing platform described above includes a bearing base and a bearing net. The bearing base is an annular frame structure coaxially distributed with the coal sample test chamber. The diversion hole is coaxially distributed with the bearing base, and the inner diameter of the diversion hole is between 10% - 30% of the outer diameter of the bearing base. A positioning groove with a "U" - shaped cross - section is provided on the upper end surface of the bearing base. The diameter of the positioning groove is between 80% - 90% of the diameter of the bearing base. The bearing net is embedded in the positioning groove and is connected to the bottom of the positioning groove through a number of pressure - bearing springs. The bearing net is coaxially distributed with the bearing base. The bottom of the positioning groove and the bearing net form an angle of 0° - 10°, and the distance between the bearing net and the bottom of the positioning groove is between 0 - 5 millimeters.

3. The intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the aforementioned guide hole, the guide hole at the upper end face of the sealing cover is connected to a high-pressure air source through a pressure regulating pump, and a control valve is provided between the pressure regulating pump and the guide hole. A pressure sensor and a flow sensor are also provided at the control valve. The guide hole at the lower end face of the drive piston is connected to a moisture filtration mechanism through a negative pressure pump. The pressure regulating pump, control valve, pressure sensor, flow sensor, and negative pressure pump are all electrically connected to the drive circuit.

4. The intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end face of the bearing arm is slidably connected to the bearing partition via a three-dimensional displacement stage, and one of the movement directions of the three-dimensional displacement stage is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The three-dimensional displacement stage is also electrically connected to the drive circuit.

5. The intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston drive mechanism is any one of the following: hydraulic rod, pneumatic rod, electric telescopic rod, gear and rack mechanism, worm gear mechanism, and linear motor mechanism.

6. The intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive circuit is a circuit system based on an industrial microcontroller. The drive circuit also includes an industrial bus module, an IGBT drive circuit module, and a data communication bus module. The industrial bus module is electrically connected to the IGBT drive circuit module and the data communication bus module. The industrial bus module and the IGBT drive circuit module are respectively electrically connected to the coal sample experimental chamber, the sealing cover, the temperature and humidity sensor, the piston drive mechanism, the high-pressure gas source, the moisture filtration mechanism, the gas analyzer, and the turntable mechanism.

7. A detection method for an intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples as described in any one of claims 1-6: the detection method for the intelligent online testing system for the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal samples includes the following steps: S1, Equipment Prefabrication: First, assemble the components including the support frame, support partition, support arms, coal sample test chamber, sealing cover, temperature and humidity sensor, coal sample support platform, drive piston, piston drive mechanism, high-pressure gas source, moisture filtration mechanism, and drive circuit. Then, install and fix them to the designated position through the support frame, and electrically connect the drive circuit to the external power supply system and monitoring system. Then, adjust the working position of each support arm through the three-dimensional displacement table, and cooperate with the turntable mechanism to make the coal sample test chamber and sealing cover coaxially distributed and separate the coal sample test chamber and sealing cover, thus completing the equipment assembly. S2, Encapsulation and Testing: After completing step S1, the piston-driven mechanism first drives the driving piston and the coal sample support platform connected to the driving piston to descend along the axis of the coal sample experimental chamber. Then, the coal sample to be tested is placed into the coal sample experimental chamber, and the coal sample support platform supports the coal sample. Next, the sealing cover is driven to seal the upper surface of the coal sample experimental chamber, thus forming a sealed cavity between the coal sample support platform and the sealing cover. Then, the driving piston moves the coal sample support platform and the coal sample above it upwards under the drive of the piston-driven mechanism, causing the coal sample to come into contact with the sealing cover. Under the drive of the piston-driven mechanism, the compression pressure on the coal sample is increased until the current pressure on the coal sample matches the actual pressure value of the simulated formation. The coal sample is pressurized, and then heated and regulated by the electric heating wires of the coal sample test chamber and the sealed cover. At the same time, the temperature and humidity of the coal sample are detected by thermocouples and temperature and humidity sensors under the coal sample support platform, and the temperature and humidity are adjusted to the required level for testing. Then, high-pressure gas for testing is introduced into the coal sample through the pressure regulating pump box, and the pressure and total amount of gas introduced into the coal sample are adjusted according to the pressure sensor. The gas for testing passes through the coal sample under high temperature and high pressure and reacts with the coal sample. After being discharged from the coal sample test chamber through the guide hole, the gas is first dried and dehumidified by a moisture filtration mechanism driven by a negative pressure pump. Finally, the dried and dehumidified gas is delivered to the gas analyzer for testing. S3, Equipment Reset: After completing step S2, first stop heating the coal sample via the heating wire. After the coal sample, coal sample test chamber, and sealing cover return to room temperature, separate the coal sample test chamber and sealing cover. Then, drive the coal sample test chamber to rotate via the turntable mechanism, making the axis of the coal sample test chamber form an angle of 0°–90° with the horizontal plane, and making its upper end face point downwards. Then, with the help of external tools and the gravity of the coal sample itself, remove the coal sample and the coal sample support platform connected to the coal sample from the coal sample test chamber. Clean the inner surface of the coal sample test chamber, the surface of the drive piston, and the guide hole. Then, flip the coal sample test chamber again via the turntable mechanism, making its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane and its upper end face point upwards. This completes the post-test reset and returns to step S1 to prepare for the next round of testing.

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