An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of biological sample storage, and specifically to an access mechanism for a biological sample storage device, which includes a fixed top plate, a lifting motion plate located directly below the fixed top plate, and a fixed bottom plate located directly below the lifting motion plate. A gear transmission mechanism and a gear rack transmission mechanism are provided on the top surface of the lifting motion plate. The gear transmission mechanism includes a first driving gear and a driven large gear that mesh with each other. The gear rack transmission mechanism includes a second driving gear and a driven gear rack that mesh with each other. The second driving gear is located directly above the driven large gear. By combining three types of motions on the lifting motion plate, the present invention achieves the purpose of accurately and quickly accessing samples in the storage area. The compact transmission structure and the transmission system with a light rotational inertia improve the space utilization rate of the device and reduce the power consumption of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological sample storage, and particularly to an access mechanism for a biological sample storage device. Background Art

[0002] In the past decade or so, many studies and practical activities on the automated storage of biological samples in ultra-low temperature environments have been carried out at home and abroad. With the gradual maturity of products, currently, about 30 sample banks around the world have adopted large-scale automated storage equipment at -80 °C as a biological sample storage solution. Theoretically, the lower the storage temperature of biological samples, the closer they are to the in vitro state. For strategically collected samples, due to the long storage time, automated storage systems at -80 °C and -196 °C are generally used.

[0003] The future development trend of biological sample banks is towards high automation, high quality, high efficiency, high reliability, and artificial intelligence. The number of samples in a medium-sized sample bank has exceeded hundreds of thousands, and that in a large sample bank can easily reach the million level. At such a scale, it is obviously difficult to keep up with the rapid development of the times and technology by traditional manual processing, storage, and retrieval of samples. Moreover, existing power sources are difficult to operate normally in an ultra-low temperature environment of -80 °C. Therefore, these difficulties also cause quite a lot of trouble to sample banks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a driving device that can automatically access biological sample boxes and can be used in an ultra-low temperature environment, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to keep up with the rapid development of the times and technology by traditional manual processing, storage, and retrieval of samples in the above background art.

[0005] The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device, including a fixed top plate, a lifting moving plate located directly below the fixed top plate, and a fixed bottom plate located directly below the lifting moving plate. A gear transmission mechanism and a gear rack transmission mechanism are provided on the top surface of the lifting moving plate. The gear transmission mechanism includes a first driving gear and a driven large gear that mesh with each other. The gear rack transmission mechanism includes a second driving gear and a driven gear rack that mesh with each other. The second driving gear is located directly above the driven large gear. A first fixing seat is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the driven large gear. One side of the first fixing seat is slidably connected to the driven gear rack. A sample box picking and placing fixture for picking and placing sample boxes is provided on the driven large gear.

[0006] On the bottom surface of the fixed bottom plate, a first servo motor, a second servo motor, and a third servo motor are respectively arranged along the length direction of the fixed bottom plate. The output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected with a ball screw nut pair through a coupling. The end of the ball screw nut pair away from the first servo motor penetrates through the lifting moving plate and is rotatably connected with the fixed top plate, and the ball screw nut pair is threadedly connected with the lifting moving plate.

[0007] The output shaft of the second servo motor is fixedly connected with a first spline shaft through a coupling. The end of the first spline shaft away from the second servo motor penetrates through the lifting moving plate and is rotatably connected with the fixed top plate. A first flange spline nut is sleeved on the outer side of the first spline shaft, and the first flange spline nut is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first driving gear.

[0008] The output shaft of the third servo motor is fixedly connected with a second spline shaft through a coupling. The end of the second spline shaft away from the third servo motor penetrates through the lifting moving plate and is rotatably connected with the fixed top plate. A second flange spline nut is sleeved on the outer side of the second spline shaft, and the second flange spline nut is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second driving gear, and the second flange spline nut is inserted into a driven large gear.

[0009] Preferably, the sample box picking and placing fixture includes a slider. A first sliding rod and a second sliding rod perpendicular to the second spline shaft penetrate through the slider. One ends of the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod are both fixedly connected with a first fixed seat. The other ends of the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod are commonly connected with a second fixed seat. A sample box supporting plate is jointly connected between the second fixed seat and the top of the slider. A sample box limiting block is arranged on the sample box supporting plate, and a sample box body is arranged at the top end of the sample box limiting block.

[0010] Preferably, a sample box fixture bottom plate is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the driven large gear and directly below the sample box supporting plate. Two sides of the end of the sample box fixture bottom plate away from the driven large gear are respectively fixedly connected with a first sample box inlet guiding plate and a second sample box inlet guiding plate. Two side edges of the sample box supporting plate are respectively slidably connected with the inner side walls of the first sample box inlet guiding plate and the second sample box inlet guiding plate.

[0011] Preferably, a rack slider connecting plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the slider, and the rack slider connecting plate is fixedly connected with a driven gear rack.

[0012] Preferably, first guiding optical axis pairs, second guiding optical axis pairs, third guiding optical axis pairs, and fourth guiding optical axis pairs are distributed through holes around the ball screw nut pair on the lifting moving plate. Two ends of the first guiding optical axis pairs, second guiding optical axis pairs, third guiding optical axis pairs, and fourth guiding optical axis pairs are respectively fixedly connected with the fixed top plate and the fixed bottom plate.

[0013] Preferably, linear bearing seats are sleeved outside the first guiding optical axis pair, the second guiding optical axis pair, the third guiding optical axis pair and the fourth guiding optical axis pair. The linear bearing seats are all arranged through the lifting moving plate, and a first oil-free bushing and a second oil-free bushing are arranged on the inner ring of the linear bearing seats.

[0014] Preferably, first supporting blocks, second supporting blocks and third supporting blocks are evenly distributed on the lifting moving plate and around the outer circumference of the first driving gear. A gear limiting disc is fixedly connected to the top surfaces of the first supporting block, the second supporting block and the third supporting block and above the first driving gear.

[0015] Preferably, a first bearing is sleeved on the top of the ball screw nut pair, a second bearing is sleeved on the top of the first spline shaft, and a third bearing is sleeved on the top of the second spline shaft. The outer rings of the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing are all fixedly connected to the fixed top plate.

[0016] Preferably, a first deep groove ball bearing is arranged at the position where the lifting moving plate is penetrated by the first spline shaft, and a second deep groove ball bearing is arranged at the position where the lifting moving plate is penetrated by the second spline shaft. The inner ring of the first deep groove ball bearing is fixedly sleeved outside the first flange spline nut, and the inner ring of the second deep groove ball bearing is fixedly sleeved outside the second flange spline nut.

[0017] Preferably, a first bearing gland and a second bearing gland are respectively arranged at the tops of the first deep groove ball bearing and the second deep groove ball bearing. The first bearing gland and the second bearing gland are both fixedly connected to the lifting moving plate through bolts.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an access mechanism for a biological sample storage device, having the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. In the present invention, the nut of the ball screw nut pair is used to drive the lifting moving plate to move up and down, and the circumferential movement of the sample box picking and placing fixture is realized through the gear transmission mechanism, and the radial telescopic movement of the sample box picking and placing fixture is realized through the rack and pinion transmission mechanism. The present invention combines the three movements on the lifting moving plate to achieve the purpose of accurately and quickly accessing samples in the storage area. The compact transmission structure and the transmission system with light rotational inertia improve the space utilization rate of the equipment and reduce the power consumption of the motor;

[0020] 2. In the present invention, the servo motor is arranged at the bottom of the fixed bottom plate, and the device is driven by the ball screw nut pair, the first spline shaft and the second spline shaft. The power sources of all the executing components are not inside the storage space, avoiding the influence of the ultra-low temperature environment on the electrical performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1Structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 of the present invention Figure 1 Internal structural schematic diagram of the sample box picking and placing fixture in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 of the present invention Figure 1 Top view cross-sectional view of the lifting motion plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 of the present invention Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the lifting motion plate in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 of the present invention Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the first guiding optical axis pair and the second guiding optical axis pair in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 of the present invention Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the fixed top plate in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 of the present invention Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the lifting motion plate in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 of the present invention Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the fixed bottom plate in the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1, fixed top plate; 2, lifting moving plate; 3, fixed bottom plate; 4, first guiding optical axis pair; 5, second guiding optical axis pair; 6, third guiding optical axis pair; 7, fourth guiding optical axis pair; 8, ball screw nut pair; 9, first bearing; 10, second bearing; 11, third bearing; 12, first bearing base; 13, second bearing base; 14, third bearing base; 15, first spline shaft; 16, second spline shaft; 17, gear transmission mechanism; 18, rack and pinion transmission mechanism; 19, sample box picking and placing fixture; 20, first servo motor; 21, second servo motor; 22, third servo motor; 23, first oil-free bushing; 24, linear bearing block; 25, second oil-free bushing; 26, first driving gear; 27, driven large gear; 28, first support block; 29, second support block; 30, third support block; 31, driven rack; 32, second driving gear; 33, first flange spline nut; 34, first deep groove ball bearing; 35, first bearing gland; 36, gear limit disc; 37, second bearing gland; 38, second deep groove ball bearing; 39, second flange spline nut; 40, first fixing seat; 41, first sliding rod; 42, second sliding rod; 43, slider; 44, sample box support plate; 45, sample box limit block; 46, sample box body; 47, second sample box inlet guiding plate; 48, second fixing seat; 49, first sample box inlet guiding plate; 50, sample box fixture bottom plate; 51, rack slider connecting plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1-8, An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device, including a fixed top plate 1, a lifting moving plate 2 located directly below the fixed top plate 1, and a fixed bottom plate 3 located directly below the lifting moving plate 2. The fixed top plate 1, the lifting moving plate 2, and the fixed bottom plate 3 are all made of aluminum alloy. A gear transmission mechanism 17 and a gear rack transmission mechanism 18 are provided on the top surface of the lifting moving plate 2. The gear transmission mechanism 17 includes a first driving gear 26 and a driven large gear 27 that mesh with each other. The gear rack transmission mechanism 18 includes a second driving gear 32 and a driven gear rack 31 that mesh with each other. The second driving gear 32 is located directly above the driven large gear 27, that is, the centers of the second driving gear 32 and the driven large gear 27 are on the same vertical line. A first fixing seat 40 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the driven large gear 27. One side of the first fixing seat 40 is slidably connected to the driven gear rack 31. A sample box picking and placing fixture 19 for picking and placing sample boxes is provided on the driven large gear 27; the purpose of the sample box picking and placing fixture 19 is to pick and place the sample boxes inside the storage device.

[0032] On the bottom surface of the fixed bottom plate 3, a first servo motor 20, a second servo motor 21, and a third servo motor 22 are respectively arranged along its own length direction. The output shaft of the first servo motor 20 is fixedly connected to a ball screw nut pair 8 through a coupling. One end of the ball screw nut pair 8 away from the first servo motor 20 penetrates through the lifting moving plate 2 and is rotatably connected to the fixed top plate 1, and the ball screw nut pair 8 is threadedly connected to the lifting moving plate 2; the first servo motor 20 can drive the ball screw nut pair 8 to rotate, and the rotation of the ball screw nut pair 8 can also indirectly control the up and down movement of the lifting moving plate 2. The function is to adjust the height to facilitate the picking and placing of sample boxes. In addition, a first bearing seat 12 is sleeved outside the bottom of the ball screw nut pair 8, and the first bearing seat 12 is fixedly installed on the fixed bottom plate 3.

[0033] The output shaft of the second servo motor 21 is fixedly connected to a first spline shaft 15 through a coupling. One end of the first spline shaft 15 away from the second servo motor 21 penetrates through the lifting moving plate 2 and is rotatably connected to the fixed top plate 1. A first flange spline nut 33 is sleeved outside the first spline shaft 15. The first flange spline nut 33 can move up and down along the first spline shaft 15, but there is no relative rotation between the two. The first flange spline nut 33 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first driving gear 26; since the first flange spline nut 33 is sleeved outside the first spline shaft 15, the second servo motor 21 can indirectly drive the first driving gear 26 to rotate, and then drive the driven large gear 27 to rotate. In addition, a second bearing seat 13 is sleeved outside the bottom of the first spline shaft 15, and the second bearing seat 13 is fixedly installed on the fixed bottom plate 3.

[0034] The output shaft of the third servo motor 22 is fixedly connected with a second spline shaft 16 through a coupling. One end of the second spline shaft 16 away from the third servo motor 22 penetrates through the lifting motion plate 2 and is rotatably connected with the fixed top plate 1. A second flange spline nut 39 is sleeved outside the second spline shaft 16. The second flange spline nut 39 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the second driving gear 32. Specifically, the second flange spline nut 39 is inserted into the driven large gear 27, that is, the driven large gear 27 is fixed at the lower part of the flange end face of the outer ring of the second flange spline nut 39. The second flange spline nut 39 can move up and down along the second spline shaft 16, and its outer ring can rotate. Therefore, when the second spline shaft 16 rotates, it can drive the second driving gear 32 to rotate, and the outer ring of the second flange spline nut 39 is driven to rotate by the driven large gear 27. In addition, a third bearing seat 14 is sleeved outside the bottom of the second spline shaft 16, and the third bearing seat 14 is fixedly arranged on the fixed bottom plate 3.

[0035] The sample box picking and placing fixture 19 includes a slider 43. A first sliding rod 41 and a second sliding rod 42 which are perpendicular to the second spline shaft 16 penetrate through the slider 43. One ends of the first sliding rod 41 and the second sliding rod 42 are both fixedly connected with a first fixing seat 40. The other ends of the first sliding rod 41 and the second sliding rod 42 are jointly connected with a second fixing seat 48. The second fixing seat 48 and the top of the slider 43 are jointly connected with a sample box supporting plate 44. The sample box supporting plate 44 is used to "scoop up" the sample box 46 to achieve the purpose of picking and placing the sample. A sample box limiting block 45 is arranged on the sample box supporting plate 44, and the top end of the sample box limiting block 45 is provided with a sample box body 46. A sample box fixture bottom plate 50 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the driven large gear 27 and right below the sample box supporting plate 44. Two sides of one end of the sample box fixture bottom plate 50 away from the driven large gear 27 are respectively fixedly connected with a first sample box inlet guiding plate 49 and a second sample box inlet guiding plate 47. Two sides of the sample box supporting plate 44 are respectively slidably connected with the inner side walls of the first sample box inlet guiding plate 49 and the second sample box inlet guiding plate 47. A rack slider connecting plate 51 is fixedly arranged on one side of the slider 43, and the rack slider connecting plate 51 is fixedly connected with the driven gear rack 31.

[0036] On the lifting moving plate 2 and around the ball screw nut pair 8, the first guiding optical axis pair 4, the second guiding optical axis pair 5, the third guiding optical axis pair 6 and the fourth guiding optical axis pair 7 are distributed through. The two ends of the first guiding optical axis pair 4, the second guiding optical axis pair 5, the third guiding optical axis pair 6 and the fourth guiding optical axis pair 7 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed top plate 1 and the fixed bottom plate 3, that is, the distance between the fixed top plate 1 and the fixed bottom plate 3 is fixed, and they are parallel to each other. Linear bearing seats 24 are sleeved outside the first guiding optical axis pair 4, the second guiding optical axis pair 5, the third guiding optical axis pair 6 and the fourth guiding optical axis pair 7. The linear bearing seats 24 are all arranged through the lifting moving plate 2, and the inner rings of the linear bearing seats 24 are provided with the first oil-free bushing 23 and the second oil-free bushing 25; Therefore, the lifting moving plate 2 can make a lifting motion under the support of the first guiding optical axis pair 4, the second guiding optical axis pair 5, the third guiding optical axis pair 6 and the fourth guiding optical axis pair 7.

[0037] On the lifting moving plate 2 and evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the first driving gear 26 are the first support block 28, the second support block 29 and the third support block 30. On the top surfaces of the first support block 28, the second support block 29 and the third support block 30 and above the first driving gear 26 is fixedly connected a gear limiting disc 36; The function of the gear limiting disc 36 is to maintain the stability of the first driving gear 26.

[0038] A first bearing 9 is sleeved on the top of the ball screw nut pair 8, a second bearing 10 is sleeved on the top of the first spline shaft 15, a third bearing 11 is sleeved on the top of the second spline shaft 16, and the outer rings of the first bearing 9, the second bearing 10 and the third bearing 11 are fixedly connected to the fixed top plate 1. At the place where the lifting moving plate 2 is penetrated by the first spline shaft 15 is provided a first deep groove ball bearing 34, at the place where the lifting moving plate 2 is penetrated by the second spline shaft 16 is provided a second deep groove ball bearing 38. The inner ring of the first deep groove ball bearing 34 is fixedly sleeved outside the first flange spline nut 33, the inner ring of the second deep groove ball bearing 38 is fixedly sleeved outside the second flange spline nut 39, and the end face of the inner ring of the second deep groove ball bearing 38 is attached to the lower end face of the driven large gear 27. First bearing caps 35 and second bearing caps 37 are respectively arranged on the tops of the first deep groove ball bearing 34 and the second deep groove ball bearing 38, and the first bearing caps 35 and the second bearing caps 37 are both fixedly connected to the lifting moving plate 2 through bolts.

[0039] The above-mentioned first flange spline nut 33 can only move up and down. The first driving gear 26 is fixedly connected to the first flange spline nut 33. The axial end face of the first driving gear 26 presses on the inner ring of the first deep groove ball bearing 34. The inner ring of the first deep groove ball bearing 34 and the outer ring of the first flange spline nut 33 are tightly fitted axially. Along with the rotation of the first flange spline nut 33 and the first driving gear 26.

[0040] The second flange spline nut 39 can not only move up and down along the second spline shaft 16, but also rotate around the second spline shaft 16, and its function is different from that of the first flange spline nut 33. The driven large gear 27 is fixed to the lower part of the flange end face of the outer ring of the second flange spline nut 39. The lower end face of the driven large gear 27 presses on the end face of the inner ring of the second deep groove ball bearing 38. There is a large gap between the inner ring of the second deep groove ball bearing 38 and the outer ring of the second flange spline nut 39. When the driven large gear 27 rotates, the outer ring of the second flange spline nut 39 rotates around the second spline shaft 16, and the second deep groove ball bearing 38 plays a role in positioning and supporting the rotation of the driven large gear 27.

[0041] Working principle: During the use of the present invention, the first servo motor 20, the second servo motor 21 and the third servo motor 22 are started through the control system. The first servo motor 20 drives the ball screw nut pair 8 to rotate, so that the lifting motion plate 2 is driven by the nut on the ball screw nut pair 8 to move up and down under the limiting action of the first guiding optical axis pair 4, the second guiding optical axis pair 5, the third guiding optical axis pair 6 and the fourth guiding optical axis pair 7; the second servo motor 21 drives the first driving gear 26 to rotate through the first spline shaft 15, thereby driving the driven large gear 27 meshing with the first driving gear 26 to rotate, so that the sample box picking and placing fixture 19 on the driven large gear 27 makes a circular motion; the third servo motor 22 drives the second driving gear 32 to rotate through the second spline shaft 16, so that the driven gear rack 31 meshing with the second driving gear 32 drives on the first fixed seat 40, thereby making the sample box picking and placing fixture 19 make a radial telescopic motion. The present invention combines three kinds of motions and arranges them on the lifting motion plate, achieving the purpose of accurately and quickly accessing samples in the storage area.

[0042] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0043] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device, comprising a fixed top plate (1), a lifting moving plate (2) located directly below the fixed top plate (1), and a fixed bottom plate (3) located directly below the lifting moving plate (2). Characterized in that: A gear transmission mechanism (17) and a gear rack transmission mechanism (18) are provided on the top surface of the lifting moving plate (2). The gear transmission mechanism (17) includes a first driving gear (26) and a driven large gear (27) that mesh with each other. The gear rack transmission mechanism (18) includes a second driving gear (32) and a driven gear rack (31) that mesh with each other. The second driving gear (32) is located directly above the driven large gear (27). A first fixing seat (40) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the driven large gear (27). One side of the first fixing seat (40) is slidably connected to the driven gear rack (31). A sample box picking and placing fixture (19) for picking and placing sample boxes is provided on the driven large gear (27). On the bottom surface of the fixed bottom plate (3), a first servo motor (20), a second servo motor (21), and a third servo motor (22) are respectively provided along the length direction of the fixed bottom plate. The output shaft of the first servo motor (20) is fixedly connected to a ball screw nut pair (8) through a coupling. The end of the ball screw nut pair (8) away from the first servo motor (20) penetrates through the lifting moving plate (2) and is rotatably connected to the fixed top plate (1), and the ball screw nut pair (8) is threadedly connected to the lifting moving plate (2). The output shaft of the second servo motor (21) is fixedly connected to a first spline shaft (15) through a coupling. The end of the first spline shaft (15) away from the second servo motor (21) penetrates through the lifting moving plate (2) and is rotatably connected to the fixed top plate (1). A first flange spline nut (33) is sleeved on the outer side of the first spline shaft (15), and the first flange spline nut (33) is coaxially fixedly connected to the first driving gear (26). The output shaft of the third servo motor (22) is fixedly connected to a second spline shaft (16) through a coupling. The end of the second spline shaft (16) away from the third servo motor (22) penetrates through the lifting moving plate (2) and is rotatably connected to the fixed top plate (1). A second flange spline nut (39) is sleeved on the outer side of the second spline shaft (16), and the second flange spline nut (39) is coaxially fixedly connected to the second driving gear (32), and the second flange spline nut (39) is inserted into the driven large gear (27). The sample box picking and placing fixture (19) includes a slider (43). A first sliding rod (41) and a second sliding rod (42) which are perpendicular to the second spline shaft (16) penetrate through the interior of the slider (43). One ends of the first sliding rod (41) and the second sliding rod (42) are fixedly connected to a first fixed seat (40). The other ends of the first sliding rod (41) and the second sliding rod (42) are commonly connected to a second fixed seat (48). A sample box support plate (44) is commonly connected between the second fixed seat (48) and the top of the slider (43). A sample box limiting block (45) is arranged on the sample box support plate (44). The top end of the sample box limiting block (45) is provided with a sample box body (46). On the lifting motion plate (2) and distributed around the ball screw nut pair (8) are a first guiding optical axis pair (4), a second guiding optical axis pair (5), a third guiding optical axis pair (6) and a fourth guiding optical axis pair (7) which penetrate through. The two ends of the first guiding optical axis pair (4), the second guiding optical axis pair (5), the third guiding optical axis pair (6) and the fourth guiding optical axis pair (7) are respectively fixedly connected to a fixed top plate (1) and a fixed bottom plate (3).

2. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sample box fixture bottom plate (50) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the driven large gear (27) and directly below the sample box support plate (44). On both sides of one end of the sample box fixture bottom plate (50) away from the driven large gear (27), a first sample box inlet guiding plate (49) and a second sample box inlet guiding plate (47) are respectively fixedly connected. The two side edges of the sample box support plate (44) are respectively slidably connected to the inner side walls of the first sample box inlet guiding plate (49) and the second sample box inlet guiding plate (47).

3. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rack slider connecting plate (51) is fixedly arranged on one side of the slider (43). The rack slider connecting plate (51) is fixedly connected to the driven gear rack (31).

4. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Linear bearing seats (24) are sleeved outside the first guiding optical axis pair (4), the second guiding optical axis pair (5), the third guiding optical axis pair (6) and the fourth guiding optical axis pair (7). The linear bearing seats (24) all penetrate through the lifting motion plate (2), and a first oil-free bushing (23) and a second oil-free bushing (25) are arranged on the inner rings of the linear bearing seats (24).

5. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the lifting and moving plate (2) and evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the first driving gear (26) are a first support block (28), a second support block (29) and a third support block (30). Fixedly connected to the top surfaces of the first support block (28), the second support block (29) and the third support block (30) and above the first driving gear (26) is a gear limit disc (36).

6. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first bearing (9) is sleeved on the top of the ball screw nut pair (8), a second bearing (10) is sleeved on the top of the first spline shaft (15), a third bearing (11) is sleeved on the top of the second spline shaft (16), and the outer rings of the first bearing (9), the second bearing (10) and the third bearing (11) are all fixedly connected to the fixed top plate (1).

7. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first deep groove ball bearing (34) is provided at the position where the lifting and moving plate (2) is penetrated by the first spline shaft (15), and a second deep groove ball bearing (38) is provided at the position where the lifting and moving plate (2) is penetrated by the second spline shaft (16). The inner ring of the first deep groove ball bearing (34) is fixedly sleeved outside the first flange spline nut (33), and the inner ring of the second deep groove ball bearing (38) is fixedly sleeved outside the second flange spline nut (39).

8. An access mechanism for a biological sample storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: First bearing caps (35) and second bearing caps (37) are respectively provided at the tops of the first deep groove ball bearing (34) and the second deep groove ball bearing (38), and the first bearing caps (35) and the second bearing caps (37) are both fixedly connected to the lifting and moving plate (2) by bolts.

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