A rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber and a manufacturing method thereof. The composite vibration absorber is connected to a rail and is arranged between any two adjacent sleepers. The composite vibration absorber comprises a vibration damping member and a fixing device. The vibration damping member is arranged in the fixing device, and a receiving space is formed between the vibration damping member and the fixing device. The rail bottom and at least a part of the rail waist are arranged in the receiving space. The vibration damping member comprises a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper. The rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention wrap the rail bottom and at least a part of the rail waist, and combine the dynamic vibration absorber and the particle damper of the vibration damping member into one to form a composite vibration absorber. The advantages of the dynamic vibration absorber in effectively suppressing resonance and the advantages of the particle damping vibration absorber in that the additional mass is small and the broadband vibration reduction effect is good are utilized. The vibration of the rail and the generated radiated noise can be effectively suppressed and attenuated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rail transportation, and in particular to a rail dynamic damping vibration absorber and a manufacturing method thereof. The rail dynamic damping vibration absorber has the characteristics of both a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damping vibration absorber. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of rail transit technology, the problem of railway vibration and noise has gradually become prominent. It not only directly affects the riding comfort of passengers and the physical and mental health of railway workers, but also affects the quality of life of residents along the railway. The normal operating speed of rail transit trains is generally 30-90km / h, at which time the wheel-rail rolling noise is the main source of rail transit noise. In the frequency range of 500-2500Hz, wheel-rail vibration and noise are linearly related. The purpose of reducing noise can be achieved through rail vibration reduction measures. In this frequency band, rail vibration is an important cause of rail transit noise.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of vibration and noise reduction of rails in rail transit, in the prior art, patents such as publication number CN103343496A install dynamic vibration absorbers on rails, and transfer and dissipate the vibration energy of the wheel-rail main vibration system by tuning the mass or stiffness of the vibration absorbers, which can effectively suppress resonance. However, during the operation of the train, the excitation of the wheel axle on the rail is approximately a constantly changing broadband random excitation, and the current rail dampers are mostly for suppressing single-frequency resonance, and cannot effectively eliminate the influence of rail vibration, thus failing to achieve a good vibration and noise reduction effect.

[0004] In addition, there is another implementation scheme in the prior art, such as patents with publication numbers CN105908581A and CN108774926A, which select materials with high damping to be attached to the bottom or waist of the rail to form a damping layer, which can dissipate the mechanical energy generated by vibration in a wider frequency range, thereby achieving the effect of vibration reduction and noise reduction. However, the disadvantage of this type of implementation scheme is that the damping of the rail is higher than that of the wheel, and elastic vibration reduction fasteners are currently widely used in the rail field. It is not meaningful to continue to stick damping materials on the waist and foot of the rail, which is not only not conducive to reducing costs, but also cannot significantly improve the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0005] In summary, it can be seen that the existing rail damping devices have limited effects in reducing vibration and noise, and the installation method is single, and there is still great room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to solve the problem of reducing vibration and noise of rails in rail transportation in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0008] A rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber, the composite vibration absorber is connected to the rail, the composite vibration absorber is arranged between any two adjacent sleepers, the composite vibration absorber comprises a vibration damper and a fixing device, the vibration damper is arranged in the fixing device, and a receiving space is formed between the vibration damper and the fixing device, the rail bottom and at least part of the rail waist of the rail are arranged in the receiving space; the vibration damper comprises a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper.

[0009] Furthermore, the vibration damping member is in contact with at least a portion of the rail bottom and at least a portion of the rail waist of the rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing device includes a bottom plate and a protective member, the lower surface of the vibration damping member is connected to the bottom plate; the protective member is connected to the vibration damping member, and the protective member is at least in contact with the upper surface of the vibration damping member.

[0011] Furthermore, the base plate is connected to the vibration damping member via bolts, and the protection member is connected to the vibration damping member via bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, a reserved through hole is provided on the vibration damping member, a first hole is provided on the bottom plate, and a second hole is provided on the protective member, and the first hole, the reserved through hole, and the second hole cooperate with each other.

[0013] Furthermore, the protective member at least includes a first plate body, the first plate body is in contact with the upper surface of the vibration damping member, and a second hole is provided on the first plate body.

[0014] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the bottom plate, and the protective member is plugged into the groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the vibration damping component includes a resonance rod, a damping box, and a substrate, and the resonance rod and the damping box are embedded in the substrate.

[0016] Furthermore, the resonant rod is a dynamic vibration absorber, and the resonant rod is arranged at one end of the base body close to the rail.

[0017] Furthermore, the damping box is a particle damper, and the damping box is arranged at an end of the base body away from the rail.

[0018] Furthermore, the matrix includes an elastic phase, surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, and a conductive phase.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber and the manufacturing method thereof described in the present invention have the following advantages:

[0020] The composite vibration absorber for dynamic damping of rails described in the present invention wraps the rail bottom and at least part of the rail waist with a composite vibration absorber, and combines the dynamic vibration absorber and particle damper of the vibration-damping component into one, thereby combining the advantages of both to form a composite vibration absorber, thereby utilizing the advantage of the dynamic vibration absorber in effectively suppressing resonance, and utilizing the advantages of the particle damping vibration absorber in terms of small additional mass and good broadband vibration reduction effect, and can effectively suppress and attenuate the vibration of the rails and the radiated noise generated. In addition, the composite vibration absorber for dynamic damping of rails described in the present invention has a simple structure and is fixed by bolts, so it can be easily and securely fixed on the rails, providing greater convenience for disassembly and assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 An exploded view of a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of assembling a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of installing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber on a track according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 Sectional view along AA direction;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a vibration-damping component in a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 A top view of a bottom plate of a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a bottom plate of a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom plate in a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 This is an axonometric view of a protective member in a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a protective component in a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of a protective component in a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of installing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.13 Another schematic diagram of the installation of a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] Rail waist 1, rail bottom 2, vibration damping part 3, resonance rod 31, damping box 32, damping particles 33, matrix 34, reserved through hole 35, bottom plate 4, first hole 41, protective part 5, second hole 51, first plate body 52, second plate body 53, third plate body 54, fourth plate body 55, bolt 6, nut 7, groove 8, accommodating space 9, rail 10, sleeper 11, composite vibration absorber 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The inventive concepts of the present disclosure will be described below using terms commonly used by those skilled in the art to convey the essence of their work to other persons skilled in the art. However, these inventive concepts can be embodied in many different forms and should not be considered limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. In addition, the term "rail" mentioned in the present invention refers to a track structure in the conventional sense, which can be a conventional track structure such as a subway track, a high-speed rail track, a common railway track, a tram track, etc.

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] As attached Figure 1-11As shown, this embodiment proposes a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber, the composite vibration absorber 12 is connected to the rail 10, and the composite vibration absorber 12 is arranged between any two adjacent sleepers 11, the composite vibration absorber 12 includes a vibration damper 3 and a fixing device, the vibration damper 3 is arranged in the fixing device, and a receiving space 9 is formed between the vibration damper 3 and the fixing device, the rail bottom 2 of the rail 10 and at least a part of the rail waist 1 are arranged in the receiving space 9; the vibration damper 3 includes a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper.

[0042] Thus, by wrapping the rail bottom 2 and at least part of the rail waist 1 of the rail 10 with the composite vibration absorber 12, and combining the dynamic vibration absorber and the particle damper of the vibration-damping component 3 into one, the advantages of both are combined to form a composite vibration absorber 12, thereby utilizing the advantage of the dynamic vibration absorber in effectively suppressing resonance, and utilizing the advantages of the particle damping vibration absorber in terms of small additional mass and good wide-band vibration reduction effect, thereby being able to effectively suppress and attenuate the vibration of the rail 10 and the radiated noise generated.

[0043] As for the fixing device, the fixing device includes a bottom plate 4 and a protective member 5. The bottom plate 4 is in contact with the bottom surface of the rail bottom 2, and the lower surface of the vibration damping member 3 is connected to the bottom plate 4 to support the vibration damping member 3; the protective member 5 is connected to the vibration damping member 3, and the protective member 5 is at least in contact with the upper surface of the vibration damping member 3 to protect the vibration damping member 3;

[0044] In addition, the base plate 4 is connected to the vibration damping member 3 by bolts, and the protective member 5 is connected to the vibration damping member 3 by bolts; preferably, the base plate 4, the vibration damping member 3 and the protective member 5 are connected by the same bolt 6; specifically, a reserved through hole 35 is provided on the vibration damping member 3, a first hole 41 is provided on the base plate 4, and a second hole 51 is provided on the protective member 5, the first hole 41, the reserved through hole 35 and the second hole 51 cooperate with each other, the bolt 6 is provided in the first hole 41, the reserved through hole 35 and the second hole 51, and is fixed by a nut 7, so that the base plate 4, the protective member 5 and the vibration damping member 3 are fixedly connected as a whole; thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly between the base plate 4, the protective member 5 and the vibration damping member 3, which is beneficial to improving the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the composite vibration absorber 12 on the rail system.

[0045] For the vibration damper 3, the vibration damper 3 is fitted with the rail 10, that is, the profile of the side of the vibration damper 3 close to the rail 10 is exactly the same as the profile of the rail 10; preferably, the contact surface between the vibration damper 3 and the rail 10 is bonded with high-strength adhesive, and the strength of the adhesive is not less than 18 MPa; so that in the actual installation process of the composite vibration absorber 12, the composite vibration absorber 12 is connected to the rail 10 at least in a clamping manner, and then on this basis, the vibration damper 3 is bonded to the rail 10, that is, the composite vibration absorber 12 is bonded to the rail 10, thereby improving the assembly reliability of the composite vibration absorber 12 on the rail 10, which is beneficial to improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction performance of the composite vibration absorber 12.

[0046] The vibration damper 3 includes a resonance rod 31 , a damping box 32 , and a base 34 . The resonance rod 31 and the damping box 32 are embedded in the base 34 , that is, the base 34 completely wraps the resonance rod 31 and the damping box 32 .

[0047] The matrix 34 comprises a non-metallic elastomer made of a high damping material. Preferably, the non-metallic elastomer is a rubber material.

[0048] The resonant rod 31 is used as a dynamic vibration absorber, and can also be called a dynamic tuned vibration absorber; the resonant rod 31 is arranged at one end of the base 34 close to the rail 10; preferably, the resonant rod 31 includes at least three metal rods, and the metal rods are made of high-density materials, and the material density is greater than the density of the rail itself. In order to ensure the maximum dynamic vibration absorption effect, the masses of any two metal rods are different, and the masses of any two metal rods maintain a certain ratio, corresponding to their respective resonant frequencies. Among them, the relationship between each resonant frequency and the mass m of the metal rod and the rubber equivalent stiffness k satisfies the following formula: In addition, for the metal rod, its cross section can be circular, elliptical, square, polygonal, or irregularly shaped, and is preferably a circular cross section.

[0049] The damping box 32 is a particle damper, which is arranged at one end of the base 34 away from the rail 10; the damping box 32 includes at least one closed metal box filled with damping particles 33; in order to ensure the optimal damping and vibration reduction effect, the filling rate of the closed metal box filled with damping particles 33 is between 10% and 90%; as for the material, particle size and other parameters of the damping particles 33, since they are all existing technologies, they are not described here.

[0050] An assembly space is formed between the base plate 4 and the protective member 5, and the vibration damping member 3 is arranged in the assembly space; preferably, the composite vibration absorber 12 includes a base plate 4, two protective members 5, and two vibration damping members 3, the base plate 4 is in contact with the bottom surface of the rail bottom 2, one protective member 5 is arranged on each side of the rail 10, and one vibration damping member 3 is arranged on each side of the rail 10.

[0051] Regarding the arrangement between the bottom plate 4, the protective member 5, and the vibration-damping member 3, the present invention proposes several implementation methods:

[0052] Method 1: A groove 8 is provided on the bottom plate 4, and the protective member 5 is plugged into the groove 8, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the assembly between the bottom plate 4, the protective member 5, and the vibration reduction member 3;

[0053] Among them, as attached Figure 6 , Attachment Fig. 9 For example, at least one groove 8 is provided on the bottom plate 4, and the protective member 5 includes a first plate 52, a second plate 53, a third plate 54, and a fourth plate 55. The second plate 53, the third plate 54, and the fourth plate 55 are connected in sequence, and the first plate 52 is connected to the upper end surfaces of the second plate 53, the third plate 54, and the fourth plate 55 at the same time; the second plate 53, the third plate 54, and the fourth plate 55 are all plugged into the groove 8; the first plate 52 is in contact with the upper surface of the vibration damping member 3, and the second plate 53 is away from the vibration damping member 3. The third plate 54 is fitted with one end face of the vibration damping member 3, and the fourth plate 55 is fitted with the other end face of the vibration damping member 3 along the extension direction of the rail 10, so that the protective member 5 completely wraps the vibration damping member 3 to reduce the erosion or damage of the vibration damping member 3 by the external environment, which is conducive to slowing down the aging degree or damage of the vibration damping member 3 and improving the service life of the composite vibration absorber 12; in addition, the first plate 52 is provided with a second hole 51 to realize the bolted fixed connection between the bottom plate 4, the protective member 5 and the vibration damping member 3;

[0054] In addition, Figure 7 , Attachment Fig.10 For example, another form is proposed, in which at least two grooves 8 are arranged on the bottom plate 4, and the protective member 5 includes a first plate body 52 and a second plate body 53, wherein the first plate body 52 is connected to the second plate body 53; the second plate body 53 is plugged into the groove 8; the first plate body 52 is in contact with the upper surface of the vibration damping member 3, and the second plate body 53 is in contact with a side of the vibration damping member 3 away from the rail 10; in addition, a second hole 51 is arranged on the first plate body 52 to realize the bolted fixed connection between the bottom plate 4, the protective member 5 and the vibration damping member 3.

[0055] Method 2: As attached Figure 8 , Attachment Fig.11 As shown, there is no groove 8 on the bottom plate 4, and the protective member 5 only includes a first plate body 52, which is fitted with the upper surface of the vibration damping member 3. A second hole 51 is provided on the first plate body 52 to realize the bolt-fixed connection between the bottom plate 4, the protective member 5 and the vibration damping member 3.

[0056] In order to further improve the vibration reduction and noise reduction performance of the composite vibration absorber 12, for the protective member 5, at least the first plate body 52 is a constrained damping plate; or at least part of the protective member 5 including the first plate body 52 is a constrained damping plate; thereby, on the basis of providing the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects of the vibration damping member 3, the damping performance of the protective member 5 is improved at the same time, which is conducive to further improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction performance of the composite vibration absorber 12, and can effectively suppress and attenuate the vibration of the rail 10 and the generated radiation noise.

[0057] During the actual installation process of the composite vibration absorber 12, the bottom plate 4 is first fitted with the bottom surface of the rail bottom 2, and then the vibration damper 3 is placed on the bottom plate 4, and the vibration damper 3 is fitted and bonded to the rail 10, and then the protective member 5 is assembled with the vibration damper 3. During this process, the vibration damper 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 4, and the protective member 5 is fixedly connected to the vibration damper 3, and the installation of the composite vibration absorber 12 on the rail 10 is completed; for the convenience of installation, the reserved through hole 35, the first hole 41, and the second hole 51 are concentrically arranged, so that only the bolt 6 is directly inserted and fixed with the nut 7, so that the vibration damper 3, the bottom plate 4, and the protective member 5 can be fixed at the same time, and the composite vibration absorber 12 can be fixed on the rail 10, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of installation and facilitating the installation operation.

[0058] In addition, since the rail 10 between the two sleepers 11 is long, the composite vibration absorber 12 can also be made into a suitable length in the actual production process, increasing the contact area or contact length between the composite vibration absorber 12 and the rail 10. At the same time, in order to facilitate fixed installation, as shown in the attached Fig.12 As shown, the vibration damping member 3 may be provided with a plurality of reserved through holes 35, the bottom plate 4 may be provided with a plurality of first holes 41, and the protective member 5 may be provided with a plurality of second holes 51, and the reserved through holes 35, the first holes 41, and the second holes 51 correspond to each other one by one, so as to strengthen the connection between the composite vibration absorber 12 and the rail 10 by connection and fixation at multiple positions;

[0059] In addition, as attached Fig.13 As shown, a plurality of composite vibration absorbers 12 may also be provided on the rail 10 between any two sleepers 11. For example, for the rail 10 between two sleepers 11, a composite vibration absorber 12 may be provided at a quarter of its total length, and another composite vibration absorber 12 may be provided at a three-quarter of its total length.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] In Example 1, the composite vibration absorber 12 achieves vibration absorption through the dynamic coordination of the resonance rod 31, the particle damping vibration reduction effect of the damping box 32, and the damping vibration reduction effect of the matrix 34. However, these vibration reduction structures often produce the greatest resonance or damping effect within the glass transition temperature region or when the vibration frequency is within a certain range. At this time, the internal friction generated by the resonance principle in the composite vibration absorber 12 is the greatest, and the vibration reduction effect is the most obvious, which results in certain limitations for the composite vibration absorber 12 in actual use.

[0062] Therefore, in order to meet the demand for rail vibration reduction in certain special sections or key projects, and to further improve the vibration reduction effect of the composite vibration absorber 12, this embodiment proposes another rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber based on the embodiment 1, which is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the matrix 34 includes an elastic phase, a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic powder PZT, and a conductive phase;

[0063] The elastic phase includes at least one of rubber and polyurethane, and the rubber includes at least one of chloroprene rubber, butadiene rubber, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and butyl rubber; thereby ensuring that the base 34 of the vibration damper 3 has a relatively good vibration damping effect; the conductive phase is carbon black.

[0064] In addition, in the prior art, piezoelectric ceramic powder is often directly added to the elastic phase. When vibration occurs, the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic is used to convert the vibration mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is converted into heat energy through the conductive phase for consumption, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect; but in actual production applications, since the piezoelectric ceramic is an inorganic powder and the elastic phase is an organic material, during the processing and production of the elastic phase, the piezoelectric ceramic powder has poor dispersion performance and is prone to agglomeration inside the elastic phase, making the piezoelectric effect too concentrated, and the generation of heat energy is also more concentrated, which is not only not conducive to improving the vibration reduction effect of the matrix 34, but also the excessively concentrated heat energy will accelerate and cause the molecular chain breakage inside the elastic phase substrate, which is not conducive to improving the aging resistance of the matrix 34 and affects the service life of the composite vibration absorber 12.

[0065] Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the substrate 34 in this embodiment includes an elastic phase, surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, and a conductive phase; specifically, by mass, the elastic phase is 100 parts, the surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder is 10-15 parts, and the conductive phase is 0.1-1.5 parts.

[0066] The piezoelectric ceramic PZT is ground and screened to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder that has passed the screening; then, the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder that has passed the screening is mixed with an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane in a polar organic solvent, fully stirred for 4-6 hours, filtered, and the filter cake is dried and crushed to obtain a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder. In order to ensure that the piezoelectric ceramic PZT is fully in contact with the elastic phase substrate, the particle size of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder that has passed the screening is 60-80nm.

[0067] In addition, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane is used to perform surface modification on the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, so that the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder changes from hydrophilic to lipophilic, thereby enhancing the dispersion performance of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder in the elastic phase, so that the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder can be evenly distributed in the matrix 34, avoiding the problem of excessive concentration of the piezoelectric effect caused by the agglomeration of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, which is beneficial to the piezoelectric effect and the heat energy generated by the piezoelectric effect to be more evenly distributed in the matrix 34, which is beneficial to improving the vibration reduction effect of the matrix 34; in addition, in the production process of the elastic phase, especially in the production process of rubber, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as a modifier can also provide a certain vulcanization promotion effect, which not only enhances the cross-linking degree of the rubber, improves the bonding strength between the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and the rubber substrate, which is beneficial to improving the aging resistance of the matrix 34 and ensuring the service life of the composite vibration absorber 12, but also reduces the occurrence of scorching during the rubber production process and improves the production efficiency of the matrix 34.

[0068] On this basis, in order to facilitate the production of the composite vibration absorber 12, this embodiment proposes a method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber, wherein for the bottom plate 4 and the protective member 5 in the composite vibration absorber 12, since the bottom plate 4 and the protective member 5 are metal plates, they can often be manufactured by conventional processing techniques such as casting, stamping, and cutting, but the structure and texture of the vibration damping member 3 are relatively complex; therefore, taking rubber as an elastic phase as an example, the method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber proposed in this embodiment focuses on the production method of the vibration damping member 3, which includes the following steps:

[0069] S1, taking piezoelectric ceramic PZT, grinding and screening to obtain piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder with a particle size of 60-80nm;

[0070] S2, in a polar organic solvent, mixing the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder obtained in step S1 and an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 4-6 hours, filtering, drying and crushing the filter cake to obtain a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder;

[0071] Wherein, the polar organic solvent includes at least one of dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. The polar organic solvent used has a strong polarity, which is not only conducive to dispersing the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, making the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder more evenly distributed in the organic solvent, but also conducive to a more uniform modification of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder; and the polar organic solvent used can form solvated electrons on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, enhance the bonding effect between aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, and further improve the dispersion performance of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder.

[0072] S3, according to weight parts, put 100 parts of rubber base material into a rubber mixer for plastication;

[0073] S4, adding 10-15 parts of surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and 0.1-1.5 parts of conductive phase into a rubber mixer, mixing to form a composite material;

[0074] S5, in the mold of the vulcanizer, pre-place the resonant rod 31, the damping box 32, and the reserved rod, and then put the mixed composite material into the vulcanizer for vulcanization;

[0075] S6. After vulcanization, cooling and demolding, the vibration damping member 3 is obtained.

[0076] The resonance rod 31 and the damping box 32 are pre-buried in the composite material. After taking the mold, the vibration damping component 3 forms a reserved through hole 35 at the position corresponding to the reserved rod.

[0077] It should be noted that in steps S3-S6, the rubber plasticizing, mixing and vulcanization processes need to be adjusted according to different rubber components. Since they are all existing technologies, they will not be described in detail here.

[0078] The following further describes the specific implementation methods of the present invention with respect to the relevant contents of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention in combination with specific embodiments, without limiting the present invention to the scope of the embodiments; specifically, the production process of the vibration damping member 3 is further described.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] The production process of the vibration damping member 3 comprises the following steps:

[0081] S1, taking piezoelectric ceramic PZT, grinding and screening to obtain piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder with a particle size of 60nm;

[0082] S2, in a dimethylformamide solvent, mixing the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder obtained in step S1 and an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 4.5 hours, filtering, drying and crushing the filter cake, and obtaining a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder;

[0083] S3, according to weight parts, put 100 parts of rubber base material into a rubber mixer for plastication, wherein the rubber base material is chloroprene rubber and natural rubber with a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0084] S4, adding 10 parts of surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and 1.5 parts of conductive phase into a rubber mixer, mixing to form a composite material;

[0085] S5, in the mold of the vulcanizer, pre-place the resonant rod 31, the damping box 32, and the reserved rod, and then put the mixed composite material into the vulcanizer for vulcanization;

[0086] S6. After vulcanization, cooling and demolding, the vibration damping member 3 is obtained.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] The production process of the vibration damping member 3 comprises the following steps:

[0089] S1, taking piezoelectric ceramic PZT, grinding and screening to obtain piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder with a particle size of 80 nm;

[0090] S2, in dimethylacetamide solvent, mixing the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder obtained in step S1 and an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 6 hours, filtering, drying and crushing the filter cake to obtain a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder;

[0091] S3, according to parts by weight, putting 100 parts of rubber base material into a rubber mixer for plastication, wherein the rubber base material is butyl rubber;

[0092] S4, adding 15 parts of surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and 0.1 parts of conductive phase into a rubber mixer, mixing and kneading to form a composite material;

[0093] S5, in the mold of the vulcanizer, pre-place the resonant rod 31, the damping box 32, and the reserved rod, and then put the mixed composite material into the vulcanizer for vulcanization;

[0094] S6. After vulcanization, cooling and demolding, the vibration damping member 3 is obtained.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] The production process of the vibration damping member 3 comprises the following steps:

[0097] S1, taking piezoelectric ceramic PZT, grinding and screening to obtain piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder with a particle size of 75 nm;

[0098] S2, in a dimethylformamide solvent, mixing the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder obtained in step S1 and an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 4 hours, filtering, drying and crushing the filter cake, and obtaining a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder;

[0099] S3, according to parts by weight, putting 100 parts of rubber base material into a rubber mixer for plastication, wherein the rubber base material is styrene-butadiene rubber;

[0100] S4, adding 14 parts of surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and 0.5 parts of conductive phase into a rubber mixer, mixing to form a composite material;

[0101] S5, in the mold of the vulcanizer, pre-place the resonant rod 31, the damping box 32, and the reserved rod, and then put the mixed composite material into the vulcanizer for vulcanization;

[0102] S6. After vulcanization, cooling and demolding, the vibration damping member 3 is obtained.

[0103] Example 6

[0104] The production process of the vibration damping member 3 comprises the following steps:

[0105] S1, taking piezoelectric ceramic PZT, grinding and screening, and obtaining piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder with a particle size of 72 nm;

[0106] S2, in a dimethylformamide solvent, mixing the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder obtained in step S1 and an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying and crushing the filter cake, and obtaining a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder;

[0107] S3. According to parts by weight, 100 parts of a rubber base material are put into a rubber mixer for plastication, wherein the rubber base material is butadiene rubber and natural rubber in a mass ratio of 1.5:1;

[0108] S4, adding 12 parts of surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and 1.0 part of conductive phase into a rubber mixer, mixing to form a composite material;

[0109] S5, in the mold of the vulcanizer, pre-place the resonant rod 31, the damping box 32, and the reserved rod, and then put the mixed composite material into the vulcanizer for vulcanization;

[0110] S6. After vulcanization, cooling and demolding, the vibration damping member 3 is obtained.

[0111] Comparative Example 1

[0112] Taking Example 1 of patent application CN104592647A as comparative example 1, the specific method is as follows:

[0113] Step 1, preparation of piezoelectric ceramic powder: the powder raw material of PbZrxTi1-xO3 (PZT) is heated to 550°C at a rate of 3°C / min and kept for 60 minutes, and then heated to 1270°C at a rate of 5°C / min and kept for 150 minutes. After cooling in the furnace, the PZT ceramic powder is taken out and ground for 2 hours to obtain a powder of 100 to 300 nm;

[0114] Step 2: Preparation of EPDM rubber-based piezoelectric damping composite material:

[0115] A. Plastication: Put 100 parts of EPDM rubber matrix into an open rubber mixer for plastication. The double roller temperature is 40°C. Cut the rubber into blocks as required, then wind it into rolls and plasticate for 5 minutes.

[0116] B. Mixing: Put the above rolls into an open mixer for mixing;

[0117] Then, small materials are added to the open mill for mixing; the small materials include: 1 part of SA (stearic acid), 5 parts of ZnO (zinc oxide), 1 part of antioxidant 4010NA (N-phenyl-N'-phenylenediamine), 54 parts of reinforcing agent N330 carbon black, and 6 parts of conductive acetylene black;

[0118] Add 20 parts of dried PZT ceramic powder and mix; keep the double roller temperature at 50°C and mix for 10 minutes;

[0119] Then add the remaining small materials and crosslinking agent; the small materials include: accelerator CZ (N-cyclohexyl-2-thiazole sulfonyl) 2 parts, TT (dibenzothiazyl disulfide) 1.5 parts; crosslinking agent includes DCP (dicumyl peroxide) 3.5 parts, S (sulfur) 0.5 parts. Keep the double roller temperature at 60°C, mix for 5 minutes, mix the rubber additives and piezoelectric ceramic powder in the rubber evenly, and then put it into the sheet after 5 thin passes.

[0120] C. Vulcanization: After the above film is left for 24 hours, the flat vulcanizer is preheated to 160-170°C, the mixed film is placed in the mold of the flat vulcanizer, pressurized to 15-20MPa, and kept warm and pressurized for 20 minutes, the vulcanized piezoelectric composite material is taken out from the flat vulcanizer, and then placed in an environment with a temperature of 23°C and a humidity of 50%. The unit is weight parts.

[0121] After the above steps, the rubber-based piezoelectric damping composite material for rail transit vibration reduction is obtained.

[0122] Comparative Example 2

[0123] Based on Example 6, the difference is that Comparative Example 2 does not use piezoelectric ceramic materials and conductive phases, but only uses butadiene rubber and natural rubber with a mass ratio of 1.5:1 as the base material. After conventional rubber processing techniques such as plasticizing, mixing, vulcanization, and molding, the vibration damping component 3 is obtained.

[0124] Comparative Example 3

[0125] Based on Example 6, the difference is that in Comparative Example 3, the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder is not subjected to surface treatment, that is, step S2 is not performed, and only step S1 and steps S3 to S6 are performed to obtain the vibration damping member 3.

[0126] The damping performance and aging resistance performance of the vibration-damping components 3 prepared in Examples 3-6, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and the composite material prepared in Comparative Example 1 were tested respectively below, as shown in Table 1.

[0127] Table 1 Damping performance and aging resistance of Examples 3-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] Among them, the damping performance test is carried out in accordance with the national standard GB / T 13937-1992 "Determination of dynamic properties of vulcanized rubber for classification - forced sinusoidal shear strain method";

[0131] The aging resistance test is carried out under the test conditions of 70℃ and 168h in accordance with the national standard GB / T 3512-2014 "Hot air accelerated aging and heat resistance test for vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber". At the same time, in the process of aging resistance test, the data of various indicators are obtained in accordance with the national standards GB / T 528-2009 "Determination of tensile stress-strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber" and GB / T 531.1-2008 "Test method for indentation hardness of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber Part 1: Shore durometer method (Shore hardness)".

[0132] As can be seen from Table 1, the present application uses aminopropyltrimethoxysilane to perform surface treatment on the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, which enhances the compatibility of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder with the elastic phase. On the one hand, it improves the dispersion performance of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder in the elastic phase, avoids the problem of excessive concentration of the piezoelectric effect caused by the agglomeration of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, and makes the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder dispersed more evenly in the elastic phase. At the same time, the piezoelectric effect generated can also be evenly distributed, which is beneficial to improve the damping performance of the vibration damping member 3; on the other hand, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as a modifier can also provide a certain vulcanization promotion effect, which not only enhances the cross-linking degree of the rubber, but also improves the bonding force between the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and the rubber substrate, which is beneficial to improve the aging resistance of the vibration damping member 3. That is, according to the data in Table 1, whether in terms of damping performance or aging resistance, the vibration damping member 3 manufactured by the present application is significantly better than the product manufactured by any one of the comparative examples 1-3, and the data is statistically significant (p < 0.01).

[0133] At the same time, since the vibration damping member 3 prepared by the present invention not only has a piezoelectric effect, but also has a dynamic coordinated vibration absorption effect and a damping vibration reduction effect, these three vibration reduction effects are superimposed together, which greatly improves the damping performance of the vibration damping member 3; that is, according to the data in Table 1, in terms of damping performance, both Examples 3-6 and Comparative Example 3 are significantly better than Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and the data are statistically significant (p < 0.05).

[0134] In addition, the use of the organic solvent in step S2 of the production process of the vibration damping member 3 is specifically described through the following embodiments:

[0135] The implementation methods of Examples 7-10 and Comparative Examples 4-8 are substantially the same as those of Example 6, except that different organic solvents are used in step S2. The specific detection results are shown in Table 2.

[0136] Table 2

[0137]

[0138] Among them, the aging resistance test is carried out under the test conditions of 70℃ and 168h in accordance with the national standard GB / T 3512-2014 "Hot air accelerated aging and heat resistance test for vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber". At the same time, in the process of aging resistance test, the data of various indicators are obtained in accordance with the national standards GB / T 528-2009 "Determination of tensile stress-strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber" and GB / T 531.1-2008 "Vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber indentation hardness test method Part 1: Shore durometer method (Shore hardness)".

[0139] Regarding the production process of the vibration damping member 3, the organic solvent used in step S2 of the present invention includes at least one of dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. Compared with other conventional organic solvents, the organic solvent used in step S2 of the present invention has a strong polarity. On the one hand, it is beneficial to disperse the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, so that the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder is more evenly distributed in the organic solvent, which is beneficial to a more uniform modification of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder; on the other hand, the polar organic solvent used in the present invention can form solvated electrons on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, enhance the bonding effect between aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, further improve the dispersion performance of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, and is beneficial to enhance the aging resistance of the vibration damping member 3.

[0140] Therefore, it can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the present invention uses at least one of dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide as an organic solvent in step S2. Compared with other organic solvents, the vibration damping component 3 finally obtained has better aging resistance, and the data are statistically significant (p < 0.01).

[0141] In addition, while the specific mechanism is not yet clear, the researchers of this application unexpectedly discovered through a large number of experiments that when dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide are used in combination, especially when dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide are mixed in a volume ratio of 2:1, compared with using any single solvent, the vibration damping part 3 finally obtained has better aging resistance, and the data is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

[0142] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber, wherein the composite vibration absorber (12) is connected to a rail (10), characterized in that: The composite vibration absorber (12) is arranged between any two adjacent sleepers (11), and comprises a vibration damper (3) and a fixing device, wherein the vibration damper (3) is arranged in the fixing device, and a receiving space (9) is formed between the vibration damper (3) and the fixing device, and the rail bottom (2) and at least a part of the rail waist (1) of the steel rail (10) are arranged in the receiving space (9); the vibration damper (3) comprises a dynamic vibration absorber and a particle damper; The vibration damping member (3) comprises a resonance rod (31), a damping box (32), and a substrate (34), wherein the resonance rod (31) and the damping box (32) are embedded in the substrate (34); the substrate (34) comprises an elastic phase, surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder, and a conductive phase, wherein the elastic phase comprises rubber, wherein, by weight, the elastic phase accounts for 100 parts, the surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder accounts for 10-15 parts, and the conductive phase accounts for 0.1-1.5 parts; The piezoelectric ceramic PZT is ground and screened to obtain a piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder that has passed the screening; then, the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder that has passed the screening is mixed with an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane in a polar organic solvent, stirred for 4-6 hours, filtered, and the filter cake is dried and crushed to obtain a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder; The manufacturing method comprises: S1, taking piezoelectric ceramic PZT, grinding and screening to obtain piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder with a particle size of 60-80nm; S2, in a polar organic solvent, mixing the piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder obtained in step S1 and an excess of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 4-6 hours, filtering, drying and crushing the filter cake to obtain a surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder; S3, according to weight parts, put 100 parts of rubber base material into a rubber mixer for plastication; S4, adding 10-15 parts of surface-treated piezoelectric ceramic PZT powder and 0.1-1.5 parts of conductive phase into a rubber mixer, mixing to form a composite material; S5, placing the resonant rod (31), the damping box (32), and the reserved rod in advance in the mold of the vulcanizer, and then placing the mixed composite material into the vulcanizer for vulcanization; S6, after vulcanization, cooling and demolding, the vibration damping member (3) is obtained; The polar organic solvent includes at least one of dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide.

2. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration damping member (3) is in contact with at least a portion of the rail bottom (2) and at least a portion of the rail waist (1) of the steel rail (10).

3. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing device comprises a bottom plate (4) and a protective member (5), wherein the lower surface of the vibration damping member (3) is connected to the bottom plate (4); the protective member (5) is connected to the vibration damping member (3), and the protective member (5) is at least in contact with the upper surface of the vibration damping member (3).

4. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate (4) is connected to the vibration damping member (3) via bolts, and the protection member (5) is connected to the vibration damping member (3) via bolts.

5. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: A reserved through hole (35) is provided on the vibration damping member (3), a first hole (41) is provided on the bottom plate (4), and a second hole (51) is provided on the protection member (5); the first hole (41), the reserved through hole (35), and the second hole (51) cooperate with each other.

6. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective member (5) comprises at least a first plate body (52), the first plate body (52) being in contact with the upper surface of the vibration damping member (3), and a second hole (51) being arranged on the first plate body (52).

7. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: A groove (8) is provided on the bottom plate (4), and the protective member (5) is plugged into the groove (8).

8. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant rod (31) is a dynamic vibration absorber, and the resonant rod (31) is arranged at one end of the base (34) close to the steel rail (10).

9. The method for manufacturing a rail dynamic damping composite vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping box (32) is a particle damper, and the damping box (32) is arranged at an end of the base (34) away from the steel rail (10).

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