A reinforced concrete beam of a building with a through hole

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete beam of a building with a through hole, comprising a first main reinforcement area, a main reinforcement-free area, and a second main reinforcement area arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first main reinforcement area comprises a plurality of first main reinforcements, and the first main reinforcements are located at the floor slab; the main reinforcement-free area is located below the floor slab, and the main reinforcement-free area is provided with a through hole; the second main reinforcement area comprises a plurality of second main reinforcements; and the first main reinforcements and the second main reinforcements are connected by stirrups. The present invention shifts the main reinforcements located below the floor slab downward, and the main reinforcements are concentrated toward the bottom of the beam, freeing up holes in the upper and middle parts of the beam without reinforcements to set up fluorine, air, water, and electrical circuits for ventilation and air conditioning projects within the suite; as a beam that bears pressure at the top and resists tension at the bottom, its vertical compression and transverse tension resistance are further enhanced due to the downward displacement of the main reinforcements and their concentration in the lower and middle parts of the beam section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a building cross beam, in particular to a building reinforced concrete cross beam with a through hole. Background Art

[0002] The emergence of reinforced concrete has changed the mechanical structure and physical form of buildings, changed the basic appearance of buildings, and also changed the relationship between man and nature.

[0003] In reinforced concrete high-rise buildings, the design of the foundation - column (shear wall) - main beam - secondary beam - floor slab structural system is already very mature: the load is transferred to the secondary beam through the floor slab, then from the secondary beam to the main beam, then from the main beam to the column (shear wall), and then from the column (shear wall) to the foundation.

[0004] Buildings are the most important spaces for human activities. In addition to providing shelter from wind and rain, they also need to have various conditions for work and life, including the entry and exit of personnel and materials, water supply and drainage, air intake and exhaust, air conditioning, lighting, power supply, network, etc.

[0005] In the existing building design specifications, the entry and exit of personnel and materials in buildings is solved by the installation of elevators and stairs. Water supply, drainage, power supply, network, etc. are realized through the corresponding pipeline well design and the pre-embedded construction technology of pipelines in floors and walls. However, soft conditions such as ventilation and air conditioning show the diversity of design and construction technology because of the technical design flexibility. Generally speaking, the design and construction of these flexible ventilation and air conditioning projects are obviously worse for civil buildings than for public buildings.

[0006] In existing building design, especially civil building design, the focus is on the hard and the soft, the emphasis is on the structure, logistics, water supply and drainage, and power supply design, while the design of supporting projects such as ventilation and air conditioning is neglected or even ignored. There are many cases where there is no space reserved for the implementation of ventilation and air conditioning projects. The actual ventilation and air conditioning projects in high-rise residential buildings often vary from owner to owner, and vary according to the owner's economic ability and interests.

[0007] Ventilation and air conditioning engineering in public buildings, civil buildings, especially high-rise residential buildings, has become a difficult point in construction technology:

[0008] The height of the beams in high-rise residential units (including floor slabs) is generally 400-600mm. Figure 1As shown, the floor 1 is composed of floor transverse reinforcement 11, floor longitudinal reinforcement 12 and concrete, and the beam 2 is composed of beam main reinforcement 21, beam stirrups 22 and concrete. Although the area of ​​the suite is generally only a few dozen square meters and the horizontal space dimension is only more than ten meters, because there are no reserved installation holes for the fluorine copper pipes (cold and hot water pipes) of the air conditioning project, the condensed water pipe and the ventilation project supply and exhaust pipes in the structural beam, the fresh air project that sends outdoor fresh air into each room and draws out the dirty air in each room, and the air conditioning project that sends cold and heat to each room and draws out the condensed water, cannot be operated.

[0009] If the fluorine copper tubes (hot and cold water pipes), condensing water pipes and ventilation supply and exhaust ducts of the air conditioning project are installed below the beams, because the residential floor height is less than 3m, the indoor ceiling surface will be too low for the owner to tolerate. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a reinforced concrete beam of a building with a through hole, comprising a first main reinforcement area, a main reinforcement-free area and a second main reinforcement area arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first main reinforcement area comprises a plurality of first main reinforcements, and the first main reinforcements are located at the floor slab; the main reinforcement-free area is located below the floor slab, and a through hole is provided on the main reinforcement-free area; the second main reinforcement area comprises a plurality of second main reinforcements;

[0011] The first main reinforcement is connected with the second main reinforcement through stirrups.

[0012] Preferably, the area without main reinforcement includes an unreinforced area for opening the through hole, and stirrup reinforcement densification areas are respectively arranged on both sides of the unreinforced area for opening the through hole, and the stirrup reinforcement densification area includes a plurality of first stirrups for connecting the first main reinforcement and the second main reinforcement.

[0013] Preferably, the region without main reinforcement also includes a region without main reinforcement but with stirrups, and the region without main reinforcement but with stirrups includes a plurality of second stirrups for connecting the first main reinforcement and the second main reinforcement.

[0014] Preferably, the density of the stirrups in the stirrup densification area is greater than the density of the stirrups in the area without main reinforcement.

[0015] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent first stirrups is smaller than the distance between two adjacent second stirrups.

[0016] Preferably, the density of the main ribs in the second main rib area is greater than that in the first main rib area.

[0017] Preferably, the height difference between two adjacent first main ribs is greater than the height difference between two adjacent second main ribs.

[0018] Preferably, the number of the second main ribs in the second main rib area is greater than the number of the first main ribs in the first main rib area.

[0019] Preferably, the crossbeam is a heightened crossbeam, and the heightened portion of the crossbeam is the region without main reinforcement.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention shifts the main reinforcement bars located below the floor slab downward, and the main reinforcement bars are concentrated at the bottom of the beam, freeing up the unreinforced area in the middle and upper part of the beam to open holes for setting the fluorine, air, water, and electrical circuits of the ventilation and air conditioning projects in the building; as the top pressure-bearing and bottom tensile beams of the building's flat floors, the main reinforcement bars are shifted downward and concentrated in the middle and lower part of the beam section, so the vertical compression and transverse tensile performances are further enhanced;

[0022] 2. The present invention compensates for the reduction of stirrups due to the setting of through holes for the fluorine, air, water and electric circuits of the ventilation and air-conditioning projects in the building, and densifies the stirrups on both sides of the through holes to ensure the position fixity of the main steel bars around the through holes and the strength of the reinforced concrete structure is not weakened due to the setting of the through holes.

[0023] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a beam provided by the prior art;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a reinforced concrete beam of a building with a through hole provided in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic longitudinal section diagram of a reinforced concrete beam of a building with a through hole provided in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of columns, beams and floor slabs provided in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of columns, beams and floor slabs provided in preferred embodiment 5 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined Figures 2 to 5 A reinforced concrete beam of a building with a through hole provided by the present invention is described in detail. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Those skilled in the art can modify and polish it without changing the spirit and content of the present invention.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , is a beam in the prior art, which is a floor beam and a sinking beam, that is, part of the main reinforcement of this beam 2 is located at the floor 1, and part of the main reinforcement is located below the floor 1. The main reinforcement 21 of the beam below the floor 1 is evenly arranged from top to bottom. The main reinforcement 21 of the beam is connected by the stirrups 22 to form a reinforcement skeleton, and is poured with concrete. Please refer to Figures 2 to 5 During construction, compared with the prior art, the present invention translates part of the main reinforcement below the floor slab 1 downward (i.e., the main reinforcement below the floor slab is concentrated at the bottom of the beam), and translates part of the stirrups laterally to obtain a reinforcement-free area (i.e., the area without main reinforcement and stirrups is a reinforcement-free area), and reserves through holes in the reinforcement-free area for installing fluorine-circuit copper pipes (cold and hot water pipes), condensate pipes, and ventilation engineering supply and exhaust pipes, etc., so that the fresh air project that sends outdoor fresh air into each room and draws out the dirty air in each room, and the air conditioning project that sends cold and heat to each room and draws out condensate can be operated and implemented. As a beam that bears pressure at the top and resists tension at the bottom, its vertical compression and transverse tensile properties are further enhanced due to the downward displacement of the main reinforcement and its concentration in the middle and lower part of the beam section.

[0032] In the present invention, the stirrups reduced due to the through holes of the fluorine path, air path, water path, circuit, etc. of the in-suite ventilation and air-conditioning project are compensated, and the stirrups on both sides of the through holes are denser to ensure the position fixity of the main steel bars around the through holes and the strength of the reinforced concrete structure is not weakened due to the through hole setting.

[0033] The present invention is also easy to implement in concrete construction technology: when tying steel bars, the main bars are moved downward and the stirrups are denser; after the main bars and stirrups are bound together, when supporting the formwork, the hole-opening formwork is implanted at the through-hole positions required for the fluorine path, air path, water path, circuit, etc. of the ventilation project and air-conditioning project set on the beam; after the concrete pouring is completed, the hole-opening formwork can be vibrated and pulled out when the formwork is removed.

[0034] The present invention does not limit the number of through holes provided on the crossbeam, and the number can be set according to specific usage requirements.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4The present embodiment provides a reinforced concrete cross beam 2' of a building with a through hole, comprising a first main reinforcement area, a main reinforcement-free area (i.e., an area without main reinforcement) and a second main reinforcement area arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first main reinforcement area comprises a plurality of first main reinforcements 201, and the first main reinforcements 201 are located at the floor 1 (the first main reinforcements 201 may be arranged inside the floor 1, or may be arranged at the lower edge of the floor 1, or may be arranged between the upper edge of the main reinforcement-free area and the floor 1); the main reinforcement-free area is located below the floor 1; the second main reinforcement area is located below the main reinforcement-free area, and comprises a plurality of second main reinforcements 203.

[0037] Since the first main reinforcement 201 and the second main reinforcement 203 need to be connected by the stirrups 202, the stirrups 202 must pass through the area without main reinforcement. Therefore, in this embodiment, the area without main reinforcement is further divided into an area without reinforcement 204 and an area without main reinforcement but with stirrups:

[0038] The unreinforced area 204 is an area with neither main reinforcement nor stirrups. Since the function of the unreinforced area 204 is to open through holes for installing fluorine copper pipes (hot and cold water pipes) of air conditioning engineering, condensate pipes and ventilation engineering supply and exhaust pipes, etc., this area has neither main reinforcement nor stirrups. This embodiment does not limit the number of unreinforced areas 204. It can be determined according to the specific design of each room in a specific building. One unreinforced area 204 can be set on the unreinforced area, or several unreinforced areas 204 can be set at intervals. This embodiment does not specifically limit the number of through holes 205 opened in a unreinforced area 204. Considering the strength of the crossbeam 2', this embodiment preferably opens one through hole 205 in an unreinforced area 204. Stirrup reinforcement densification areas are respectively set on both sides of the unreinforced area 204, and the stirrup reinforcement densification area includes several first stirrups 2021 for connecting the first main reinforcement 201 and the second main reinforcement 203.

[0039] The area without main reinforcement but with stirrups is an area without main reinforcement but with stirrups. The area without main reinforcement but with stirrups includes a plurality of second stirrups 2022 for connecting the first main reinforcement 201 and the second main reinforcement 203 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the density of the stirrups in the stirrup densification area is greater than the density of the stirrups in the stirrup area without main reinforcement, that is, the stirrups on both sides of the through hole 205 are densified to ensure the position fixity of the main steel bars around the through hole 205 and the strength of the reinforced concrete structure is not weakened due to the setting of the through hole 205.

[0041] Furthermore, a distance between two adjacent first stirrups 2021 is smaller than a distance between two adjacent second stirrups 2022 .

[0042] The main reinforcements below the floor slab 1 are concentrated at the bottom of the cross beam 2', so the density of the main reinforcements in the second main reinforcement area is greater than that in the first main reinforcement area.

[0043] Furthermore, the number of the second main ribs 203 in the second main rib area is greater than the number of the first main ribs 201 in the first main rib area, and the height difference between two adjacent first main ribs 201 is greater than the height difference between two adjacent second main ribs 203 .

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The technical concept of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, both of which are for solving the problem of spatial interference between the building beams and the ventilation system and the air-conditioning system, leaving channels for the fluorine circuit, the air circuit, the water circuit and the electric circuit, and both adopt the technical solution of moving the main reinforcement downward and the stirrup reinforcement encryption.

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the crossbeam 2" in this embodiment is a heightened crossbeam, that is, the height of the crossbeam in embodiment 1 is increased, the main reinforcement is moved down, and the stirrups are denser. Figure 5 As shown, the heightened portion of the crossbeam 2" is the area without main ribs, that is, the heightened portion of the crossbeam is used to set the openings of the fluorine path, air path, water path and electric path pipelines of the ventilation system and air conditioning system. The height of the second main rib area of ​​this embodiment is increased relative to the second main rib area in Example 1 by the difference between the height h1 of the crossbeam after heightening and the height h of the original crossbeam.

[0047] After the height of the crossbeam is increased, even if a through hole 205 for ventilation system air conditioning system pipes is set in the upper middle part, the strength of the crossbeam will not be reduced but only some concrete construction amount will be increased.

Claims

1. A reinforced concrete beam of a building with a through hole, characterized in that: It includes a first main reinforcement area, a main reinforcement-free area, and a second main reinforcement area arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first main reinforcement area includes a plurality of first main reinforcements, and the first main reinforcements are located at the floor slab; the main reinforcement-free area is located below the floor slab, and a through hole is provided in the main reinforcement-free area; the second main reinforcement area includes a plurality of second main reinforcements; The first main reinforcement is connected to the second main reinforcement by stirrups; The non-main-reinforcement area includes a non-reinforcement area for opening the through hole, and stirrup reinforcement densification areas are respectively arranged on both sides of the non-reinforcement area for opening the through hole, and the stirrup reinforcement densification area includes a plurality of first stirrups for connecting the first main reinforcement and the second main reinforcement; The density of the main reinforcements in the second main reinforcement area is greater than that in the first main reinforcement area; the height difference between two adjacent first main reinforcements is greater than the height difference between two adjacent second main reinforcements; the number of second main reinforcements in the second main reinforcement area is greater than the number of first main reinforcements in the first main reinforcement area.

2. A reinforced concrete beam with a through hole for a building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The area without main reinforcement also includes an area without main reinforcement but with stirrups, and the area without main reinforcement but with stirrups includes a plurality of second stirrups for connecting the first main reinforcement and the second main reinforcement.

3. A reinforced concrete beam with a through hole for a building as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The density of stirrups in the stirrup densification area is greater than the density of stirrups in the stirrup area without main reinforcement.

4. A reinforced concrete beam with a through hole for a building as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent first stirrups is smaller than the distance between two adjacent second stirrups.

5. A reinforced concrete beam with through holes for buildings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cross beam is a heightened cross beam, and the heightened portion of the cross beam is the region without main reinforcement.

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