Explosion-proof component, power battery and electric vehicle

Abstract

The present application discloses an explosion-proof component, a power battery and an electric vehicle. The explosion-proof component is used to explosion-proof the power battery. The power battery includes a shell that encloses a cavity, and a pressure relief hole is provided on the shell. The explosion-proof component includes an explosion-proof part and a thermal expansion part that are spaced apart in the cavity. The explosion-proof part and the thermal expansion part are fixedly connected to the shell, and the explosion-proof part covers the pressure relief hole. The thermal expansion part includes a connecting portion and at least one protrusion, at least one protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting portion, and at least one protrusion is provided between the connecting portion and the explosion-proof part. When the thermal expansion part is heated, it expands in a direction toward the explosion-proof part so that at least one protrusion punctures the explosion-proof part. The present application provides at least one thermal expansion part. When the thermal expansion part is heated, it expands in a direction toward the explosion-proof part so that at least one protrusion punctures the explosion-proof part, thereby increasing the speed at which the explosion-proof part is punctured, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to an explosion-proof component, a power battery and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the world faces an energy crisis, power batteries, with their advantages such as high energy density and long cycle life, are gaining increasing attention in a growing number of technological fields, particularly in the electric vehicle industry. The safety and reliability of new energy vehicles are key technical considerations. Power batteries can be susceptible to internal high temperatures when exposed to external factors such as short circuits and overcharging, leading to thermal runaway, deformation, and even explosion.

[0003] In existing technology, power batteries are equipped with explosion-proof components. When an abnormality occurs within the power battery, the explosion-proof component acts as a breakout point. This thinner area, compared to other areas of the end cap, allows internal heat to find a way through and explode. However, in actual use, manufacturers cannot accurately predict the internal temperature of the power battery when the explosion-proof component explodes, resulting in unreliable explosion-proof performance. For example, if the temperature inside the power battery is too high but the explosion-proof component does not explode, there is a risk of battery explosion.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an explosion-proof component, a power battery and an electric vehicle. The technical problem that the explosion-proof performance of the explosion-proof component is unreliable due to the inability to accurately predict the temperature inside the power battery when the explosion-proof component explodes exists in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an explosion-proof component, a power battery and an electric vehicle, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art of unreliable explosion-proof performance of explosion-proof components due to the inability to accurately predict the temperature inside the power battery when the explosion-proof component explodes.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an explosion-proof assembly for explosion-proofing a power battery, wherein the power battery includes a housing enclosing a cavity, the housing having a pressure relief hole, the explosion-proof assembly including: an explosion-proof member and a thermal expansion member spaced apart within the cavity, the explosion-proof member and the thermal expansion member being fixedly connected to the housing, and the explosion-proof member covering the pressure relief hole;

[0007] The thermal expansion component includes a connecting portion and at least one protruding portion, wherein the at least one protruding portion is fixedly connected to the connecting portion, and the at least one protruding portion is arranged between the connecting portion and the explosion-proof component;

[0008] When heated, the heat-expandable component expands in a direction toward the explosion-proof component, so that the at least one protrusion punctures the explosion-proof component.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the present application, the protrusions in the at least one protrusion are all identical, and the protrusion includes a spike end, which is arranged on a side of the protrusion away from the connecting portion.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, along a first preset direction, the length of the spike end is greater than or equal to the thickness of the explosion-proof component, and the first preset direction is the direction from the connecting portion to the spike end.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the present application, the connecting portion includes a first connecting end, a second connecting end, and an intermediate end for connecting the first connecting end and the second connecting end, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are respectively fixedly connected to the shell, the protrusion is fixedly connected to the intermediate end, and along a first preset direction, the thickness of the first connecting end, the second connecting end and the intermediate end are the same.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the present application, the thicknesses of the first connection end and the second connection end gradually increase along the first preset direction in a direction approaching the middle end.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the present application, along a second preset direction, the first connection end and the second connection end have the same length, and the second preset direction is perpendicular to the first preset direction.

[0014] In a possible implementation of the present application, the thermal expansion coefficient of the thermal expansion element is greater than 15X10 -6 / K, less than 17.5X10 -6 / K.

[0015] In a possible implementation of the present application, the thermal expansion coefficient of the thermal expansion element is greater than 17.5X10 -6 / K.

[0016] In a possible implementation of the present application, the explosion-proof component includes: an explosion-proof component body and at least one explosion-proof groove formed on the explosion-proof component body.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the present application, the spike end faces the at least one explosion-proof groove, and along a first preset direction, the length of the spike end is greater than or equal to the thickness of the explosion-proof component body at the at least one explosion-proof groove.

[0018] In a possible implementation of the present application, the explosion-proof component includes a first explosion-proof groove and a second explosion-proof groove, the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are both arc-shaped, and the arc mouth directions of the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are opposite; the explosion-proof component includes a symmetry axis, the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are symmetrical about the symmetry axis, the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove extend from the edge of the explosion-proof component to the symmetry axis of the explosion-proof component, and the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are connected at the arc top position, and the spike end is facing the arc top position connection point of the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove.

[0019] In a possible implementation of the present application, along the second preset direction, the arc length of the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove is 1 / 3-4 / 5 of the length of the explosion-proof component.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a power battery, comprising an explosion-proof component, wherein the explosion-proof component is an explosion-proof component in any of the above-mentioned implementation methods.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an electric vehicle, comprising an explosion-proof component, wherein the explosion-proof component is an explosion-proof component in any of the above-mentioned implementation methods.

[0022] The present application provides a thermal expansion member, which includes at least one protrusion. When the thermal expansion member is heated, it expands in the direction toward the explosion-proof member, so that the at least one protrusion punctures the explosion-proof member, and the power battery is explosion-proofed through the pressure relief hole, thereby increasing the speed at which the explosion-proof member is punctured, and avoiding the explosion of the power battery due to the failure of the explosion-proof member to explode when the temperature inside the power battery is too high, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 is an exploded view of a power battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the explosion-proof assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spike end of the thermal expansion member provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal expansion member provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the thermal expansion element provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the explosion-proof component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is another structural schematic diagram of the explosion-proof component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the stepped hole provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0034] In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, illustration, or illustration." Any embodiment described in this application as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is given to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present application. In the following description, details are listed for the purpose of explanation. It should be understood that one of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that the present application can be implemented without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not elaborated in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present application with unnecessary details. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0035] The embodiments of the present application provide an explosion-proof component, a power battery, and an electric vehicle, which are described in detail below.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application provides an explosion-proof component for explosion-proofing a power battery, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the power battery 1 includes a shell 20 enclosing a cavity, a pressure relief hole 21 is provided on the shell 20, and the explosion-proof assembly 10 includes: an explosion-proof member 100 and a thermal expansion member 200 disposed in the cavity, the explosion-proof member 100 and the thermal expansion member 200 being spaced apart, the explosion-proof member 100 and the thermal expansion member 200 being fixedly connected to the shell 20, and the explosion-proof member 100 covering the pressure relief hole 21;

[0037] The thermal expansion element 200 includes a connecting portion 210 and at least one protruding portion 220 . The at least one protruding portion 220 is fixedly connected to the connecting portion 210 and is disposed between the connecting portion 210 and the explosion-proof element 100 .

[0038] When heated, the thermal expansion element 200 expands in a direction toward the explosion-proof element 100 , so that at least one protrusion 220 punctures the explosion-proof element 100 , and the power battery 1 is explosion-proofed through the pressure relief hole 21 .

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, a heat-expandable thermal expansion member 200 is provided, and the heat-expandable thermal expansion member 200 includes at least one protrusion 220. When the heat-expandable thermal expansion member 200 is heated, it expands in a direction toward the explosion-proof member 100, so that the at least one protrusion 220 punctures the explosion-proof member, thereby protecting the power battery 1 from explosion through the pressure relief hole 21. This increases the speed at which the explosion-proof member 100 is punctured, and prevents the explosion of the battery due to the failure of the explosion-proof member 100 to explode when the temperature inside the power battery 1 is too high, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof member 100.

[0040] It should be understood that the explosion-proof assembly 10 may not only be used to protect the power battery 1 from explosion and prevent thermal runaway of the power battery, but may also be used in other devices that need to prevent thermal runaway.

[0041] It should be noted that the number of protrusions 220 in the present application can be adjusted according to the size of the explosion-proof component 10. Specifically, the more protrusions 220 there are, the larger the area of the explosion-proof part 100 that is punctured, the faster the heat is discharged, the smaller the possibility of explosion of the power battery 1, and the higher the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof component 10.

[0042] It should also be noted that the interval between the explosion-proof part 100 and the thermal expansion part 200 can be adjusted according to the explosion-proof requirements of the explosion-proof assembly 10. When the explosion-proof requirements of the explosion-proof assembly 10 are high (that is, the explosion-proof part 100 needs to be punctured at a lower threshold temperature), the interval between the explosion-proof part 100 and the thermal expansion part 200 should be set to a smaller range. When the explosion-proof requirements of the explosion-proof assembly 10 are high (that is, the explosion-proof part 100 needs to be punctured only at a higher threshold temperature), the interval between the explosion-proof part 100 and the thermal expansion part 200 should be set to a larger range.

[0043] Preferably, the interval between the explosion-proof component 100 and the thermal expansion component 200 is 0 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0044] Meanwhile, for ease of manufacturing, when the thermal expansion member 200 of the explosion-proof assembly 10 includes more than one protrusion 220 , all protrusions 220 are identical.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to increase the speed at which the explosion-proof element 100 is punctured, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the protrusion 220 includes a spike end 221 , and the spike end 221 is disposed on a side of the protrusion 220 away from the connecting portion 210 .

[0046] By providing a spike end 221 on the side of the protrusion 220 away from the connecting portion 210, the speed at which the explosion-proof component 100 is punctured can be increased. This is because: when the expansion amount of the thermal expansion component 200 after heating is the same, it can be regarded as that the pressure applied by the protrusion 220 on the explosion-proof component 100 is the same. When the pressure is the same, the smaller the area, the greater the pressure. Therefore, providing the spike end 221 can increase the pressure of the protrusion 220 on the explosion-proof component 100, thereby increasing the speed at which the explosion-proof component 100 is punctured.

[0047] Further, if Figure 3 As shown, along the first preset direction X, the length of the spike end 221 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the thermal expansion element 200 , wherein the first preset direction is the direction from the connecting portion 210 to the spike end 221 .

[0048] The above arrangement ensures that the spike end 221 can completely pierce the explosion-proof component 100 after being heated and expanded, thereby improving the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof assembly 10 .

[0049] Specifically, the protrusion 220 may be conical or pyramidal.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 As shown, the connecting portion 210 includes a first connecting end 211, a second connecting end 212, and an intermediate end 213 for connecting the first connecting end 211 and the second connecting end 212. The first connecting end 211 and the second connecting end 212 are respectively fixedly connected to the power battery, and the protrusion 220 is fixedly connected to the intermediate end 213. Along the first predetermined direction X, the first connecting end 211, the second connecting end 212, and the intermediate end 213 have the same thickness. The connecting portion 210 has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0051] In some other embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 As shown, the thickness of the first connection end 211 and the second connection end 212 gradually increases in the direction approaching the middle end 213. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof component 10 can be further improved. Specifically, when the battery has problems such as short circuit and overcharging, in addition to high temperature, high-pressure gas will also be generated inside the battery. By setting the thickness of the first connection end 211 and the second connection end 212 to gradually increase, the high-pressure gas pressure at the middle end 213 can be increased, and the protrusion 220 is fixedly connected to the middle end 213. Therefore, the speed at which the protrusion 220 punctures the explosion-proof part 100 can be increased, thereby further improving the explosion-proof performance reliability of the explosion-proof component 10.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to avoid pressure concentration of high-pressure gas at the first connection end 211 and the second connection end 212, preferably, the surface contour of the first connection end 211 and the second connection end 212 away from the protrusion 220 is arc-shaped or streamlined, and the arc opening faces the explosion-proof component 100.

[0053] Further, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, along the second preset direction Y, the first connection end 211 and the second connection end 212 have the same length, and the second preset direction Y is perpendicular to the first preset direction X. Through the above arrangement, the uniformity of expansion of the connection portion 210 when heated can be improved, further improving the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof assembly 10.

[0054] It should be understood that the expansion amount of the thermal expansion element 200 when heated is related to its thermal expansion coefficient. The larger the thermal expansion coefficient, the greater the expansion amount of the thermal expansion element 200 per unit temperature change. In order to improve the sensitivity of the thermal expansion element 200 to temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the explosion-proof performance reliability of the explosion-proof assembly 10, in the embodiment of the present application, the thermal expansion coefficient of the thermal expansion element 200 is greater than 15X10 -6 / K, less than 17.5X10 -6 / K.

[0055] In some other embodiments of the present application, the thermal expansion coefficient of the thermal expansion element 200 is greater than 17.5X10 -6 / K.

[0056] Further, if Figure 6 As shown, the explosion-proof component 100 includes an explosion-proof component body 110 and at least one explosion-proof groove 120 opened on the explosion-proof component body 110 .

[0057] By providing at least one explosion-proof groove 120 on the explosion-proof component body 110, the thickness of the explosion-proof groove 120 is smaller than the thickness of the explosion-proof component body 110. Therefore, when the heat inside the battery is large, high-pressure gas is generated. When the high-pressure gas reaches a certain level, the explosion-proof groove 120 will be opened, thereby releasing the high-pressure gas and high temperature, avoiding thermal runaway, and further improving the explosion-proof performance reliability of the explosion-proof component 10.

[0058] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the explosion-proof component body 110 is 0.2mm-0.5mm, and the depth of the explosion-proof groove 120 is 0.01mm-0.05mm. By providing the explosion-proof groove 120, when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof groove 120 ruptures, which can damage the entire explosion-proof assembly 10, generating debris and damaging other components, thereby improving the safety of the explosion-proof assembly 10.

[0059] It should be noted that the thickness of the explosion-proof component body 110 and the depth of the explosion-proof groove 120 are not limited to the above ranges and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0060] It should be understood that the cross-sectional shape of the explosion-proof groove 120 can be rectangular, V-shaped, conical, U-shaped, or U-shaped, etc., and can be selected based on actual design.

[0061] To further increase the speed at which the explosion-proof element 100 is punctured, in some embodiments of the present application, the spike end 221 is aligned with the at least one explosion-proof groove 120, and along the first predetermined direction X, the length of the spike end 221 is greater than or equal to the difference between the depth of the explosion-proof element body 110 and the at least one explosion-proof groove 120. This arrangement improves the speed at which the explosion-proof element is punctured while also reducing the length of the spike end 221 and lowering costs.

[0062] It should be noted that the number of explosion-proof slots 120 in this application can be adjusted according to the explosion-proof requirements. In some embodiments of this application, for example, Figure 6 As shown, the explosion-proof element 100 includes a first explosion-proof groove 121 and a second explosion-proof groove 122. The first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 are both arc-shaped, and the arc openings of the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 are in opposite directions. The explosion-proof element 100 includes a symmetry axis A. The first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 are symmetrical about the symmetry axis A. The first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 extend from the edge of the explosion-proof element 100 toward the symmetry axis A of the explosion-proof element 100. The first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 are connected at the top of the arc, and the spike end 221 is directly opposite the connection point of the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 at the top of the arc.

[0063] With the above arrangement, when the explosion-proof element 100 ruptures, it ruptures along the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 , forming an opening with the explosion-proof element body 110 , and the heat and high-pressure gas generated by the battery are discharged from this opening.

[0064] Furthermore, in order to improve the ability of the opening formed by the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 with the explosion-proof component body 110 to quickly discharge heat and high-pressure gas, in some embodiments of the present application, the arc length of the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 is 1 / 3-4 / 5 of the length of the explosion-proof component 100. Through the above arrangement, the opening area of the opening formed by the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 with the explosion-proof component body 110 after the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 are increased, facilitating the rapid discharge of heat and high-pressure gas, and further improving the explosion-proof performance of the explosion-proof assembly 10.

[0065] It should be understood that the sizes of the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 may be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0066] Among them, the shape of the explosion-proof component body 110 can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, or rounded rectangular; in one embodiment of the present application, the explosion-proof component body 110 is a rounded rectangular. At the same time, in order to make the explosion-proof component body 110 evenly stressed, the first explosion-proof groove 121 and the second explosion-proof groove 122 are symmetrical about the center line of the explosion-proof component body 110.

[0067] Further, if Figure 7As shown, in some other embodiments of the present application, the explosion-proof component 100 includes a third explosion-proof groove 123, a fourth explosion-proof groove 124, a fifth explosion-proof groove 125, a sixth explosion-proof groove 126 and a seventh explosion-proof groove 127. The third explosion-proof groove 123 is opened on the center line of the explosion-proof component body 110, and the third explosion-proof groove 123 is rectangular. The third explosion-proof groove 123 has a first end and a second end. The fourth explosion-proof groove 124 and the fifth explosion-proof groove 125 are fixedly connected to the first end of the third explosion-proof groove 123 and communicate with the third explosion-proof groove 123. The sixth explosion-proof groove 126 and the seventh explosion-proof groove 127 are fixedly connected to the second end of the third explosion-proof groove 123 and communicate with the third explosion-proof groove 123, wherein the fourth explosion-proof groove 124 and the fifth explosion-proof groove 125 form an angle of 120°, and the sixth explosion-proof groove 126 and the seventh explosion-proof groove 127 also form an angle of 120°.

[0068] The working principle of the explosion-proof assembly 10 of the present application is as follows: when the battery generates a large amount of heat during use and has a tendency to explode, the thermal expansion member 200 expands and deforms due to the heat, generating a force that moves close to the explosion-proof member 100. When the pointed end 221 of the protrusion 220 on the thermal expansion member 200 pierces the explosion-proof groove 120 of the explosion-proof member 100, an opening is generated on the explosion-proof member 100. This opening discharges the heat inside the power battery and the pressure generated by the heat, thereby achieving the purpose of explosion prevention.

[0069] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a power battery, which includes an explosion-proof component 10. The explosion-proof component 10 is any of the above-mentioned embodiments. Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the power battery 1 includes a shell 20, a sealing member 30 and a connecting member 40. A pressure relief hole 21 is opened on the shell 20, and the pressure relief hole 21 is a stepped hole. The shell 20 forms a first mounting portion 201 for mounting the explosion-proof component 100 and a second mounting portion 202 for mounting the connecting member 40. The sealing member 30 abuts against the explosion-proof component 100 and the connecting member 40. One end of the connecting member 40 is fixedly connected to the thermal expansion member 200, and the other end of the connecting member 40 is fixedly connected to the second mounting portion 202. The explosion-proof component 100 is fixedly connected to the first mounting portion 201.

[0070] By providing the connecting member 40 , the replacement of the thermal expansion member 200 can be facilitated. By providing the sealing member 30 , the speed at which the explosion-proof member 100 is punctured can be increased, thereby improving the explosion-proof reliability of the power battery 1 .

[0071] Furthermore, to facilitate installation, in some embodiments of the present application, the width of the first installation portion 201 is smaller than the width of the second installation portion 202 .

[0072] Specifically, the connecting member 40 is fixedly connected to the thermal expansion member 200 and the housing 20 respectively by welding.

[0073] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the power battery 1 further includes a positive electrode column unit 2 and a negative electrode column unit 3 .

[0074] Furthermore, the housing 20 of the power battery 1 includes a top cover, and the explosion-proof assembly 10 is fixedly connected to the top cover.

[0075] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric vehicle, which includes an explosion-proof component 10 , and the explosion-proof component 10 is the explosion-proof component 10 in any of the above embodiments.

[0076] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a heat-expandable heat-expandable component 200, and the heat-expandable component 200 includes at least one protrusion 220. When the heat-expandable component 200 is heated, it expands in the direction toward the explosion-proof component 100, so that the at least one protrusion 220 punctures the explosion-proof component, thereby increasing the speed at which the explosion-proof component 100 is punctured, and avoiding the explosion of the battery due to the failure of the explosion-proof component 100 to explode when the temperature inside the battery is too high, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof component 100; at the same time, by providing the protrusion 220 including a sharp end 221 away from the side of the connecting portion 210, the speed of puncturing the explosion-proof component 100 is increased, thereby further improving the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof component 100; and by providing the explosion-proof component 100 including an explosion-proof component body 110 and at least one explosion-proof groove 120 opened on the explosion-proof component body 110, the speed of puncturing the explosion-proof component 100 is further increased, thereby maximizing the explosion-proof reliability of the explosion-proof component 100.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts not described in detail in a particular embodiment, please refer to the detailed description of other embodiments above and will not be repeated here. In specific implementations, the above units or structures can be implemented as independent entities or in any combination as the same entity or multiple entities, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] The above is a detailed introduction to an explosion-proof component, a power battery and an electric vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the structure and core ideas of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof assembly for explosion-proofing a power battery, wherein the power battery comprises a shell enclosing a cavity, and a pressure relief hole is provided on the shell, characterized in that: The explosion-proof assembly comprises: an explosion-proof component and a thermal expansion component spaced apart in the cavity, the explosion-proof component and the thermal expansion component are fixedly connected to the housing, and the explosion-proof component covers the pressure relief hole; The thermal expansion component includes a connecting portion and at least one protruding portion, wherein the at least one protruding portion is fixedly connected to the connecting portion, and the at least one protruding portion is arranged between the connecting portion and the explosion-proof component; When the heat-expandable component is heated, it expands in a direction toward the explosion-proof component, so that the at least one protrusion punctures the explosion-proof component; The connecting portion includes a first connecting end, a second connecting end, and an intermediate end for connecting the first connecting end and the second connecting end. The thickness of the first connecting end and the second connecting end gradually increases in a direction approaching the intermediate end; the surface contour of the first connecting end and the second connecting end away from the raised portion is arc-shaped or streamlined, and the arc opening faces the explosion-proof part.

2. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion includes a spike end, and the spike end is arranged on a side of the protrusion away from the connecting portion.

3. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along a first preset direction, the length of the spike end is greater than or equal to the thickness of the explosion-proof component of the explosion-proof unit, and the first preset direction is the direction from the connecting portion to the spike end.

4. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along a second preset direction, the first connection end and the second connection end have the same length, and the second preset direction is perpendicular to the first preset direction.

5. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal expansion coefficient of the thermal expansion element is greater than 15X10 -6 / K, less than 17.5X10 -6 / K.

6. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal expansion coefficient of the thermal expansion element is greater than 17.5X10 -6 / K.

7. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The explosion-proof component includes an explosion-proof component body and at least one explosion-proof groove formed on the explosion-proof component body.

8. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spike end faces the at least one explosion-proof groove, and along a first preset direction, the length of the spike end is greater than or equal to the difference between the thickness of the explosion-proof component body and the depth of the at least one explosion-proof groove.

9. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The explosion-proof component includes a first explosion-proof groove and a second explosion-proof groove, the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are both arc-shaped, and the arc mouth directions of the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are opposite; the explosion-proof component includes a symmetry axis, the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are symmetrical about the symmetry axis, the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove extend from the edge of the explosion-proof component to the symmetry axis of the explosion-proof component, and the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are connected at the arc top position, and the spike end is facing the arc top position connection point of the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove.

10. The explosion-proof assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the second preset direction, the arc lengths of the first explosion-proof groove and the second explosion-proof groove are 1 / 3-4 / 5 of the length of the explosion-proof component.

11. A power battery, characterized in that: The explosion-proof component comprises the explosion-proof component according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises the explosion-proof component according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or the power battery according to claim 11.

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