A split heat pipe heat recovery system for mine return air

Abstract

The invention discloses a split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air, which belongs to the technical field of heat energy recovery and comprises a return air shaft, a main fan, a diffusion tower, an air inlet shaft, a wellhead heating chamber, an air inlet well chamber, an air inlet grille, an air inlet wellhead, a split heat pipe evaporator, a split heat pipe condenser, a working medium ascending pipe, a working medium descending pipe and an axial flow fan. The split heat pipe evaporator is distributed in the form of a plurality of groups and is arranged on the well wall of the return air shaft. The working medium inside the split heat pipe evaporator is converted from a liquid state to a gaseous state due to heat absorption and is introduced into the split heat pipe condenser from the working medium ascending pipe; the split heat pipe condenser is arranged in the wellhead heating chamber, the working medium inside the split heat pipe condenser is converted from a gaseous state to a liquid state and is introduced into the split heat pipe evaporator from the working medium descending pipe; the system circulates by relying on temperature difference heat exchange, density difference of the working medium and gravity, the system has almost no moving parts, extremely low operating cost, simple installation and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat recovery, and in particular to a split heat pipe heat recovery system dedicated to mine return air. Background Art

[0002] There is a widespread need for wellhead antifreeze in the field of mines, that is, the outdoor cold air in winter needs to be heated to at least 2°C or higher as required by the regulations before being sent underground. In the past, it was generally heated by coal (gas or electricity), which not only led to high operating costs, but also caused environmental pollution and increased haze. Governments at all levels have increased restrictions or strictly prohibited the use of traditional methods. At the same time, when the incoming air flow is discharged to the outdoors from the return air shaft through the tunnel rock mass and the heat dissipation of power-consuming equipment in the underground, it contains a large amount of low-temperature heat energy, but it is lost in vain because of its low energy quality and difficulty in utilization.

[0003] In recent years, the return air source heat pump technology that recovers the low-temperature heat energy of mine return air has been applied, but this technology has great application limitations, mainly manifested in: many large-scale equipment and large supporting construction projects, resulting in high construction costs; many power-consuming equipment, resulting in high operating expenses; many operating parts, resulting in great management difficulties. To this end, the present invention draws on the new heat pipe heat exchange technology and combines it with the special application of mines to pioneer the development of a split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a split heat pipe heat energy recovery system dedicated to mine return air to solve the above problems.

[0005] As conceived above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air, comprising a return air shaft, a main fan, a diffusion tower, an air inlet shaft, a wellhead heating chamber, an air inlet well chamber, an air inlet grille, an air inlet wellhead, a split heat pipe evaporator, a split heat pipe condenser, a working fluid ascending pipe, a working fluid descending pipe and an axial flow fan. The split heat pipe evaporator is distributed in the form of several groups on the wall of the return air shaft to absorb the low-temperature heat energy of the hot air flow of the mine return air; the inside of the split heat pipe evaporator The working fluid undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas due to heat absorption, and is introduced into the split heat pipe condenser from the working fluid ascending pipe; the split heat pipe condenser is arranged in the wellhead heating room, and the outdoor cold air flow is sent into the well through the split heat pipe condenser from the air inlet wellhead and the air inlet vertical shaft under the action of negative pressure. The working fluid inside the split heat pipe condenser undergoes a phase change from gas to liquid due to heat release, and is introduced into the evaporator of the split heat pipe from the working fluid descending pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the split heat pipe evaporator and the split heat pipe condenser are both modularly configured and correspond one to one, and are connected by the working fluid ascending pipe and the working fluid descending pipe. The split heat pipe evaporator and the split heat pipe condenser constitute several groups of split heat pipe heat exchange systems.

[0008] Furthermore, the working fluid ascending pipe and the working fluid descending pipe are made of carbon steel or stainless steel, and the diameter of the working fluid ascending pipe is at least one to two specifications larger than the diameter of the working fluid descending pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the split heat pipe condenser in each of the split heat pipe heat exchange systems is located at the upper part of the ground in the air inlet shaft, the split heat pipe evaporator is located at the lower part of the ground in the return air shaft, and the split heat pipe condenser is higher than the corresponding split heat pipe evaporator.

[0010] Further, the split heat pipe evaporator and the split heat pipe condenser of modular configuration are both composed of a plurality of finned tubes in the form of a tube bundle and an external frame, the tube bundle is composed of 2 rows, 4 rows, 6 rows or 8 rows, and the tube bundle is arranged in a sequential or cross row manner;

[0011] The upper end and the lower end of the tube bundle are connected by a header, and the header is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an air inlet or an air outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the length of the fin tube in the split heat pipe evaporator or the split heat pipe condenser is 1.5m-4m, the number of the fin tubes is 10-100, the material of the fin tube is carbon steel, stainless steel or aluminum, and the fins of the fin tube are corrosion-resistant aluminum fins.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an evaporator bracket, which is arranged in the return air shaft, and the split heat pipe evaporator is installed on the evaporator bracket.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The invention proposes a split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air, which comprises a split heat pipe evaporator arranged in the return air shaft, a split heat pipe condenser arranged in the wellhead heating chamber, and the split heat pipe evaporators are distributed in the wall of the return air shaft in the form of a plurality of groups, so as to absorb the low-temperature heat energy of the hot air flow of the mine return air; the working fluid inside the split heat pipe evaporator undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas due to heat absorption, and is introduced into the split heat pipe condenser from the working fluid riser; the split heat pipe condenser is arranged in a plurality of groups; the working fluid inside the split heat pipe evaporator undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas due to heat absorption, and is introduced into the split heat pipe condenser from the working fluid riser; the split heat pipe condenser is arranged in a plurality of groups; the split heat pipe evaporator ... Placed in the wellhead heating room, the outdoor cold air flow is sent into the well from the air inlet wellhead through the air inlet shaft through the split heat pipe condenser under negative pressure. The working fluid inside the split heat pipe condenser undergoes a phase change from gas to liquid due to heat release, and is introduced into the evaporator of the split heat pipe from the working fluid downcomer; the system relies on temperature difference heat exchange, density difference of the working fluid and gravity for circulation. The system has almost no moving parts, extremely low operating costs, very easy management, simple installation, low cost, and almost zero pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a split-type heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a split heat pipe condenser and a split heat pipe evaporator provided by the present invention.

[0018] In the figure:

[0019] 1. Return air shaft; 2. Explosion-proof shed; 3. Main fan; 4. Diffusion tower; 5. Return air outlet; 6. Inlet shaft; 7. Shafthead heating chamber; 8. Inlet shaft chamber; 9. Inlet grille; 10. Inlet shaft; 11. Split heat pipe evaporator; 12. Split heat pipe condenser; 13. Working fluid downcomer; 14. Working fluid upcomer; 15. Axial fan; 16. Evaporator bracket; 17. Evaporator air outlet; 18. Evaporator liquid inlet; 19. Condenser air inlet; 20. Condenser liquid outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0023] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present embodiment provides a split heat pipe heat energy recovery system dedicated to mine return air, which includes a return air shaft 1, an explosion-proof shed 2, a main fan 3, a diffusion tower 4, a return air port 5, an air inlet shaft 6, a shaft head heating chamber 7, an air inlet shaft chamber 8, an air inlet grille 9, an air inlet shaft head 10, a split heat pipe evaporator 11, a split heat pipe condenser 12, a working fluid down pipe 13, a working fluid up pipe 14 and an axial flow fan 15.

[0025] Among them, the diffusion tower 4 is connected to the return air shaft 1, the main fan 3 is arranged between the diffusion tower 4 and the return air shaft 1, the air inlet shaft chamber 8 is connected to the wellhead heating chamber 7, the air inlet shaft chamber 8 and the wellhead heating chamber 7 are both provided with air inlet grilles 9, and the axial flow fan 15 is arranged in the wellhead heating chamber 7. The split heat pipe evaporator 11 is arranged in the form of several groups on the wall of the return air shaft 1 to absorb the low-temperature heat energy of the mine return air hot air flow passing through here; the working medium inside the split heat pipe evaporator 11 undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas due to heat absorption, and is introduced into the split heat pipe condenser 12 from the working medium ascending pipe 14; the split heat pipe condenser 12 is arranged in the wellhead heating chamber 7, and the outdoor cold air flow is sent into the well through the split heat pipe condenser 12 from the air inlet wellhead 10 through the air inlet shaft 6 under the action of negative pressure. In this process, the split heat pipe condenser 12 releases heat to the outdoor cold air flow; the working medium inside the split heat pipe condenser 12 undergoes a phase change from gas to liquid due to heat release, and is introduced into the split heat pipe evaporator 11 from the working medium descending pipe 13.

[0026] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an explosion-proof shed 2 is provided on the top of the return air shaft 1, and the diffusion tower 4 is connected to the return air shaft 1 through a ventilation channel, and the main fan 3 is provided in the ventilation channel, so that driven by the main fan 3, the mine return air is discharged from the return air shaft 1 through the ventilation channel and the diffusion tower 4 and then from the return air port 5 of the diffusion tower. The explosion-proof shed 2 is a mature prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] It is understandable that the mine return air changes its flow direction due to the obstruction of the explosion-proof shed 2 and is discharged from the diffusion tower 4 through the ventilation channel. When the mine return air is discharged, it passes through the split heat pipe evaporator 11 arranged on the wall of the return air shaft 1. The split heat pipe evaporator 11 exchanges heat with the mine return air. The working fluid in the split heat pipe evaporator 11 absorbs the low-temperature heat energy in the mine return air and undergoes a phase change. Then, it enters the split heat pipe condenser 12 arranged in the wellhead heating chamber 7 through the working fluid ascending pipe 14. The outdoor cold air is sent into the air inlet shaft 6 through the split heat pipe condenser 12 by the axial flow fan 15, and absorbs the low-temperature heat energy from the mine return air in the split heat pipe condenser 12 to heat up. At the same time, the working fluid in the split heat pipe condenser 12 changes from gas to liquid after releasing heat, and is introduced into the split heat pipe evaporator 11 through the working fluid descending pipe 13. This reciprocating cycle realizes the heat energy exchange from the hot return air flow of the mine to the cold return air flow of the mine. In this process, the mine return air is reduced from a hot air flow with a higher temperature (generally ≥10℃) to above 0℃ (generally ≥2℃), and the outdoor incoming air is increased from a cold air flow with a lower temperature (generally ≤-8℃) to above 0℃ (generally ≥2℃).

[0028] In addition, since there is an air inlet chamber 8 connected to the wellhead heating chamber 7, wind heated by other means, such as electric heating, heat exchange, etc., can be introduced into the air inlet chamber 8 and then sent into the mine through the air inlet shaft 6, thereby expanding the scope of application of the split heat pipe heat energy recovery system dedicated to mine return air.

[0029] Furthermore, the split heat pipe evaporator 11 and the split heat pipe condenser 12 are modularly configured and correspond one to one. Each split heat pipe evaporator 11 and the corresponding split heat pipe condenser 12 are connected by a working fluid ascending pipe 14 and a working fluid descending pipe 13. The split heat pipe evaporator 11 and the split heat pipe condenser 12 form a plurality of split heat pipe heat exchange systems. In this embodiment, the working fluid ascending pipe 14 and the working fluid descending pipe 13 are made of carbon steel or stainless steel, and the diameter of the working fluid ascending pipe 14 is at least one or two specifications larger than the diameter of the working fluid descending pipe 13. It should be noted that in the prior art, pipe diameters have different specifications, such as DN15, DN20, DN25, etc., where DN refers to the nominal diameter. The larger the specification, the larger the inner diameter of the pipe. Therefore, the diameter of the working fluid riser 14 is at least one or two specifications larger than the diameter of the working fluid downcomer 13, that is, the inner diameter of the working fluid riser 14 is larger than the inner diameter of the working fluid downcomer 13, which facilitates the flow of gaseous working fluid.

[0030] The modularly configured split heat pipe evaporator 11 and split heat pipe condenser 12 can be divided into different models and specifications according to the heat exchange amount and the external dimensions. The modularly configured split heat pipe evaporator 11 and split heat pipe condenser 12 are both composed of a plurality of finned tubes in the form of a tube bundle and an external frame. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the tube bundle is composed of two rows, four rows, six rows or eight rows, etc., and the arrangement of the tube bundle is sequential or cross-row, that is, each row of the tube bundle is arranged in sequence or cross-arranged in sequence.

[0031] Furthermore, the upper ends of the tube bundles constituting the split heat pipe evaporator 11 or the split heat pipe condenser 12 are connected by a header, and the lower ends of the tube bundles are connected by a header, and the header is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an air inlet or an air outlet. It can be understood that the header connected to the upper ends of the tube bundles constituting the split heat pipe evaporator 11 has an air outlet, i.e., the evaporator air outlet 17; the header connected to the lower ends of the tube bundles has a liquid inlet, i.e., the evaporator liquid inlet 18. The header connected to the upper ends of the tube bundles constituting the split heat pipe condenser 12 has an air inlet, i.e., the condenser air inlet 19, and the header connected to the lower ends of the tube bundles has a liquid outlet, i.e., the condenser liquid outlet 20.

[0032] It is understandable that the split heat pipe evaporator 11 and the split heat pipe condenser 12 are both modularly configured with tube bundles and headers, so that the number of the split heat pipe evaporator 11 and the split heat pipe condenser 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0033] In addition, the length and number of the finned tubes constituting the split heat pipe evaporator 11 or the split heat pipe condenser 12 can be determined according to the heat exchange amount and the implementation site. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the length of the finned tubes in the split heat pipe evaporator 11 or the split heat pipe condenser 12 is 1.5m-4m, the number of the finned tubes is 10-100, the material of the finned tubes is carbon steel, stainless steel or aluminum, and the fins of the finned tubes are anti-corrosion aluminum fins. Of course, in other embodiments, the length of the finned tubes of the split heat pipe evaporator 11 and the split heat pipe condenser 12 can be selected as 1.5mm-4m, the number of the finned tubes can be selected as 10-100, the material of the finned tubes can be selected as carbon steel, stainless steel or aluminum, and the fins of the finned tubes can be selected as anti-corrosion aluminum fins.

[0034] Further, in the present embodiment, the split heat pipe condenser 12 in each split heat pipe heat exchange system is located at the upper part of the ground in the air inlet shaft 6, the split heat pipe evaporator 11 is located at the lower part of the ground in the return air shaft 1, and the split heat pipe condenser 12 is higher than the corresponding split heat pipe evaporator 11. It can be understood that the split heat pipe condenser 12 is set to be higher than the corresponding split heat pipe evaporator 11, so that the liquid working medium in the split heat pipe condenser 12 can flow into the corresponding split heat pipe evaporator 11 through the working medium down pipe 13 under the action of its own gravity, and the gaseous working medium in the split heat pipe evaporator 11 can flow into the split heat pipe condenser 12 through the working medium up pipe 14. The split heat pipe heat energy recovery system dedicated to mine return air relies on the temperature difference between the working fluid and the mine return air and the outdoor cold air flow for heat exchange, and relies on the density difference of the working fluid and the action of gravity for circulation. The system has almost no moving parts, so the operating cost is extremely low, the management is very easy, the installation is simple, the cost is low, and the environment is almost zero pollution.

[0035] Furthermore, the split heat pipe heat energy recovery system dedicated to mine return air also includes an evaporator bracket 16 , which is arranged in the return air shaft 1 , and the split heat pipe evaporator 11 is installed on the evaporator bracket 16 .

[0036] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, the split heat pipe evaporator 11 or the split heat pipe condenser 12 can be divided into four, six, eight or even more modules of different specifications and models corresponding to each other. In addition, in the present embodiment, the diffusion tower 4 is an inverted cone structure, and of course it can also be an inclined type and a streamlined type. In addition, in the present embodiment, the return air shaft 1 and the inlet air shaft 6 are both arranged vertically, and of course they can also be arranged inclinedly.

[0037] The working principle of the split heat pipe heat recovery system for mine return air is explained below: the working medium in the split heat pipe evaporator 11 changes from liquid to gas due to heat absorption, and the working medium in the split heat pipe condenser 12 changes from gas to liquid due to heat release. The working medium ascending pipe 14 contains gaseous working medium flowing from the split heat pipe evaporator 11 to the split heat pipe condenser 12, and the working medium descending pipe 13 contains liquid working medium flowing from the split heat pipe condenser 12 to the split heat pipe evaporator 11; the outdoor cold air gains heat energy to heat up and is sent underground; the mine return air releases heat and cools down, and is discharged to the outside through the diffusion tower 4. As long as the outdoor incoming air is lower than the required temperature (generally 2°C), the split heat pipe heat recovery system for mine return air can spontaneously realize the conversion of heat energy.

[0038] The split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air applies the new heat pipe technology to the field of mine wellhead antifreeze. It does not focus on explaining the internal structure of the split heat pipe evaporator 11 or the split heat pipe condenser 12. It mainly combines the unique properties of the cold air flow of the air inlet shaft 6 and the hot air flow of the return shaft 1 to improve the heat pipe technology and creatively develop a split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air. The present invention is mainly aimed at the application of mine (including iron ore or other metal mines) wellhead antifreeze. The split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air relies on temperature difference heat exchange, density difference of working fluid and gravity for circulation. The system has almost no moving parts, so the operating cost is extremely low, management is very easy, installation is simple, cost is low, and there is almost no pollution to the environment.

[0039] The above embodiments are only to illustrate the basic principles and characteristics of the present invention. The present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may be subject to various changes and modifications, which are within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A split heat pipe heat recovery system for mine return air, characterized in that: The invention comprises a return air shaft (1), a main fan (3), a diffusion tower (4), an air inlet shaft (6), a wellhead heating chamber (7), an air inlet shaft chamber (8), an air inlet grille (9), an air inlet wellhead (10), a split heat pipe evaporator (11), a split heat pipe condenser (12), a working fluid ascending pipe (14), a working fluid descending pipe (13) and an axial flow fan (15). The split heat pipe evaporator (11) is arranged in a plurality of groups on the wall of the return air shaft (1) to absorb the low-temperature heat energy of the hot return air flow of the mine. The working medium undergoes a phase change from liquid to gas due to heat absorption, and is introduced into the split heat pipe condenser (12) from the working medium ascending pipe (14); the split heat pipe condenser (12) is arranged in the wellhead heating chamber (7), and the outdoor cold air flow is sent into the well from the air inlet wellhead (10) through the air inlet shaft (6) through the split heat pipe condenser (12) under the action of negative pressure, and the working medium inside the split heat pipe condenser (12) undergoes a phase change from gas to liquid due to heat release, and is introduced into the evaporator (11) of the split heat pipe from the working medium descending pipe (13); The material of the working fluid ascending pipe (14) and the working fluid descending pipe (13) is carbon steel or stainless steel, and the diameter of the working fluid ascending pipe (14) is at least one to two specifications larger than the diameter of the working fluid descending pipe (13); The split heat pipe condenser (12) in each of the split heat pipe heat energy recovery systems is located at the upper part of the ground in the air inlet shaft (6), and the split heat pipe evaporator (11) is located at the lower part of the ground in the return air shaft (1), and the split heat pipe condenser (12) is higher than the corresponding split heat pipe evaporator (11).

2. The split heat pipe heat recovery system for mine return air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The split heat pipe evaporator (11) and the split heat pipe condenser (12) are both modularly configured and correspond one to one. The working fluid ascending pipe (14) and the working fluid descending pipe (13) are connected to each other. The split heat pipe evaporator (11) and the split heat pipe condenser (12) form a plurality of groups of split heat pipe heat exchange systems.

3. The split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The modularly configured split heat pipe evaporator (11) and the split heat pipe condenser (12) are both composed of a plurality of finned tubes in the form of a tube bundle and an external frame, wherein the tube bundle is composed of 2 rows, 4 rows, 6 rows or 8 rows, and the tube bundle is arranged in a sequential or cross-row manner; The upper end and the lower end of the tube bundle are connected by a header, and the header is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an air inlet or an air outlet.

4. The split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The length of the fin tube in the split heat pipe evaporator (11) or the split heat pipe condenser (12) is 1.5m-4m, the number of the fin tubes is 10-100, the material of the fin tube is carbon steel, stainless steel or aluminum, and the fins of the fin tube are corrosion-resistant aluminum fins.

5. The split heat pipe heat energy recovery system for mine return air according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an evaporator bracket (16), wherein the evaporator bracket (16) is arranged in the return air shaft (1), and the split-type heat pipe evaporator (11) is installed on the evaporator bracket (16).

Images