Electromagnetic levitation train track system and levitation electromagnet

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of electromagnetic levitation train track system, track is arranged on both sides of roadbed or track beam, magnetic levitation train is driven on track, the horizontal setting traction guide electromagnet is set on both sides of the magnetic levitation train, the pole direction of traction guide electromagnet is horizontally arranged, the position corresponding to traction guide electromagnet on track is horizontally arranged linear motor stator, linear motor stator is composed of stator coil and stator core, the pole direction of stator core is horizontally arranged, the working surface of traction guide electromagnet is parallelly arranged with the working surface of stator core and is spaced apart a certain magnetic force gap to form core linear motor, the bottom of magnetic levitation train is provided with E-shaped section levitation electromagnet, the bottom of track is horizontally arranged armature plate above levitation electromagnet and is spaced apart a certain magnetic force gap.The present application controls the current size and direction of traction guide electromagnet and linear motor stator coil by control system, controls the size and direction of horizontal guide and levitation force and traction force, so that magnetic levitation train levitates and flies.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of rail transit, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic suspension train track system, which is suitable for a high-speed flying magnetic suspension train track system and a vacuum tube magnetic flying train. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main problems existing in the prior art are that the electromagnetic suspension system of the EMS magnetic suspension train system is not very efficient, the bearing capacity is weak, the weight is large, and the synchronous linear motor of the traveling wave magnetic field has a complex traction control structure. The superconducting electromagnetic suspension train uses a low-temperature superconducting system for suspension, and obvious electromagnetic radiation exists in the suspension process. In addition, rubber wheels are needed for support at low speed, energy consumption is high, the superconducting system structure is more complex, and the cost is high. The structure of the medium and low speed magnetic suspension train is simple, but the driving efficiency of the copper plate or aluminum plate laid on the top surface of the track and the asynchronous motor at the bottom of the train is very low, the leakage magnetic field of the F rail row is high, and the suspension energy consumption is large. The structure of the wheel-rail train is simple, and the application time is long. However, the open wheel-rail structure has the potential safety hazard of derailing at high speed. In addition, the wheel bearing is seriously worn under high speed and heavy load, has a low service life, needs to be frequently repaired and maintained, and has a high operation cost. With the increase of train speed, the adhesion coefficient between the wheel and the track gradually decreases, resulting in difficult braking at high speed. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to creatively propose a new type of electromagnetic suspension train and track with a combined structure according to the existing mature application technology, which has the advantages of safety, speed, economy, energy saving, and high cost performance. It has the advantages of the above-mentioned technologies and can overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned technologies. It is an economical and efficient high-speed electromagnetic suspension train track technology solution.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the technical problems is that a kind of electromagnetic suspension train track system is provided, track is arranged on both sides of roadbed or track beam, magnetic suspension train runs on the track, traction guide electromagnet is arranged horizontally on the both sides of the magnetic suspension train, the magnetic pole direction of the traction guide electromagnet is horizontally arranged, linear motor stator is arranged horizontally on the track corresponding to the position of the traction guide electromagnet, the linear motor stator is composed of stator coil and stator core, the magnetic pole direction of the stator core is horizontally arranged, the working surface of the traction guide electromagnet and the working surface of the stator core are arranged in parallel and a certain magnetic force gap is formed to constitute the core linear motor, suspension electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic suspension train, and armature plate is arranged horizontally above the suspension electromagnet at the bottom of the track with a certain magnetic force gap.

[0005] Further, the mover coil of the traction guide electromagnet is connected with the control system, and the current size and direction of the linear motor stator and the coil of the traction guide electromagnet are controlled by the control system to control the horizontal guide force and the traction force; the suspension coil in the suspension electromagnet is connected with the control system to form an electromagnetic suspension system, and the current size of the suspension coil of the suspension electromagnet is controlled by the control system to control the suspension force.

[0006] Further, the suspension electromagnet is an E-shaped suspension electromagnet, which comprises an E-shaped core and a suspension coil; the cross section of the E-shaped core is in the shape of "E", the two sides are side core plates, the middle is a middle core plate, and the bottom is a bottom core plate connecting the side core plates and the middle core plate into an E-shaped cross section; the E-shaped cross section extends along a straight line or a curve to form the E-shaped core; the suspension coil is arranged in the groove surrounded by the side core plates, the middle core plate and the bottom core plate.

[0007] Further, the suspension electromagnet is an E-shaped suspension electromagnet, which comprises an E-shaped core and a suspension coil; the cross section of the E-shaped core is in the shape of "E", the two sides are side core plates, the middle is a middle core plate, and the bottom is a bottom core plate connecting the side core plates and the middle core plate into an E-shaped cross section; the E-shaped cross section extends along a straight line or a curve to form the E-shaped core; the suspension coil is arranged in the groove surrounded by the side core plates, the middle core plate and the bottom core plate.

[0008] Further, the horizontally arranged armature plate on the track and the T-shaped steel thereon form an I-shaped steel rail, and the bottom plate of the L-shaped steel rail and the E-shaped suspension electromagnet form an electromagnetic suspension system controlled by the control system.

[0009] Further, the horizontally arranged armature plate on the track and the I-shaped steel form an L-shaped steel rail, and the bottom plate of the L-shaped steel rail and the E-shaped suspension electromagnet form an electromagnetic suspension system controlled by the control system.

[0010] Further, the linear motor stator is a primary of the linear motor composed of multiple S-shaped curved snake-shaped stator coils and a stator core.

[0011] Further, the linear motor stator is a primary of the linear motor composed of multiple rectangular stator coils and a stator core.

[0012] Further, the traction guide electromagnet is arranged on both sides of the track as a primary of the linear motor, and the linear motor stator composed of the stator coil and the stator core is arranged on the two side arms of the maglev train as a secondary of the linear motor.

[0013] Further, the traction guide electromagnet is arranged on both sides of the maglev train as the primary of the linear motor, and the magnetic guide core or the ferromagnetic core coil composed of the electromagnetic coil and the magnetic guide core is arranged on both sides of the track as the secondary of the linear motor.

[0014] Further, the suspension coil is formed by bending the two ends of the rectangular single or multi-strand coil downward, that is, the middle part is two parallel straight segments, and the downward bending arc segments at the two ends of the straight segments are connected with the U-shaped segments at the two ends to form a complete suspension coil.

[0015] Further, the middle core plate is integrally or separately at both ends detachable long strip-shaped or L-shaped or T-shaped or M-shaped link core blocks.

[0016] Further, the E-shaped armature plate is combined with the steel structure, and the steel structure is one of T-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, L-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, square steel, flat steel, and channel steel, to form an E-shaped bottom suspension rail.

[0017] A suspension electromagnet comprises a suspension coil and a magnetic guide core, the suspension coil is assembled in a groove for accommodating the suspension coil of the magnetic guide core, two end portions of the suspension coil are downwardly inclined relative to the coil body, the downwardly inclined end portions are installed in recessed wire accommodating grooves arranged at both ends of the magnetic guide core to form an avoiding space of the suspension coil end portions, and the middle core plate of the magnetic guide core can pass through the end portions of the suspension coil from the avoiding space.

[0018] Further, the suspension coil mainly comprises two waist portions located at both sides and a sunken portion connecting the two waist portions, the sunken portion is downwardly inclined relative to the waist portion in the horizontal direction, and the sunken portion comprises a connecting segment and a sunken segment which are connected with the waist portion; the magnetic guide core comprises a bottom core plate, side core plates located at both sides of the bottom core plate and connected by the bottom core plate, and a middle core plate laid on the upper surface of the bottom core plate, the middle core plate is narrower than the bottom core plate in the horizontal direction, so that two side grooves are formed between the middle core plate and the side core plates as grooves for accommodating the two waist portions of the suspension coil, and the bottom core plate is longitudinally slotted in a straight or inclined ladder shape to form wire accommodating grooves for accommodating the sunken portion of the suspension coil.

[0019] Further, the angle of the sunken portion downwardly inclined relative to the waist portion in the horizontal direction is 15 degrees to 90 degrees.

[0020] Further, the angle of the sunken portion downwardly inclined relative to the waist portion in the horizontal direction is 90 degrees.

[0021] Further, the middle core plate is shorter than the length of the upper ladder bottom core plate in the longitudinal direction, the suspension coil is assembled in the groove for accommodating the suspension coil, and the end core block is assembled on the upper ladder bottom core plate through the avoiding space of the suspension coil above the wire accommodating groove.

[0022] Further, the suspension coil is formed by bending the single or multi-strand coil at both ends downward, and the suspension coil is wound by at least one continuous wire with at least two end wires extending out.

[0023] Further, the middle core plate of the magnetic conducting core passes above the avoidance space through the sinking section of the sinking part of the suspension coil, and the sinking section is in vertical contact with the middle core plate or there is a gap between the sinking section and the middle core plate in the vertical direction.

[0024] A suspension electromagnet comprises a suspension coil and a magnetic conducting core, the suspension coil is assembled in the recess of the magnetic conducting core for accommodating the suspension coil, the magnetic conducting core is smoothly inclined downward at the end part, the middle core plate of the magnetic conducting core is inclined with the end part of the magnetic conducting core, and the recess for assembling the end part of the suspension coil on the magnetic conducting core forms an inclined recess with the inclination of the end part of the magnetic conducting core.

[0025] A suspension electromagnet system is sequentially connected by a plurality of the suspension electromagnets, and the middle core plates and the side core plates of two adjacent suspension electromagnets are connected through the connecting plate.

[0026] A suspension electromagnet system is sequentially connected by a plurality of the suspension electromagnets, and the middle core plates of two adjacent suspension electromagnets are connected through the connecting core block.

[0027] A magnetic suspension track is characterized in that: a linear motor stator is horizontally installed on the track, the linear motor stator is composed of a stator coil and a stator core, the magnetic pole direction of the stator core is horizontally arranged, the stator core is provided with a vertical recess for installing the stator coil, and the working surface of the magnetic pole of the stator core is vertically arranged, the gap plate is horizontally arranged at a certain magnetic force gap position above the suspension electromagnet on both sides of the track.

[0028] Further, the stator coil is a plurality of S-shaped curved snake coils or a round-cornered square wave rectangular coil or a rectangular coil.

[0029] The linear motor stator is composed of a plurality of rectangular stator coils and a stator core, which are laid parallel along both sides of the track, and the rectangular stator coil is arranged outside the rectangular stator core.

[0030] An electromagnetic suspension system of an electromagnetic suspension track, the gap plate and the steel structure form a steel rail, and the bottom plate of the steel rail and the suspension electromagnet of any one of the preceding claims form an electromagnetic suspension system, which is controlled by a control system.

[0031] Further, the steel structure is at least one of T-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, L-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, square steel, flat steel, and channel steel.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0033] The structure of the present application is simplified and the reliability is high. The train bottom electromagnet of the present application only functions as a suspension electromagnet, and the structure is simple. The electromagnets on both sides of the train can function as both guide electromagnets and movers of the traction motor, thereby reducing the cost and weight.

[0034] The suspension stability of the present application is good. The bottom of the suspension armature plate of the present application is flat, and the suspension area does not change on straight and curved road surfaces, and the suspension is more stable and the suspension force is easy to control, and thus the ride comfort is better.

[0035] The suspension capacity of the present application is large. The suspension armature area of the bottom of the suspension track of the same width is at least doubled compared with the suspension area of the F-shaped track, and the top area of the E-shaped cross-section suspension electromagnet at the bottom of the suspension armature is also doubled, and the suspension capacity per unit length of the track is about twice that of the F-shaped track.

[0036] The electromagnetic resistance of the present application is low. The magnetic field strength of the E-shaped cross-section suspension electromagnet at the joint and the middle section does not differ much, and thus it is significantly different from the current two-end-shaped electromagnet which generates obvious eddy current resistance, and after improvement, the magnetic field of the multiple E-shaped cross-section suspension electromagnets is almost uniform in the longitudinal direction, and the electromagnetic resistance can be reduced during driving.

[0037] The electromagnetic radiation of the present application is low. The suspension coil of the E-shaped cross-section suspension electromagnet is surrounded by a core, and the leakage magnetic field is small, and the electromagnetic radiation is low.

[0038] The present application is energy-saving and low in suspension energy consumption. The internal and external magnetic fields of the suspension coil of the E-shaped cross-section suspension electromagnet can be almost fully utilized, and thus it is more energy-saving.

[0039] The present application is economical. The train only has the E-shaped cross-section suspension electromagnet at the bottom of both sides and the electromagnets on both sides of the train, and thus the three functions of suspension, guidance and traction can be completed, the key structural components are few, and the cost of the train is reduced.

[0040] The present application is suitable for high and low speed flight. The train and the track maintain magnetic suspension non-contact operation at static and high speed, and can efficiently operate at low speed and can efficiently operate at high speed, and in a vacuum tube, the magnetic suspension train can realize ground-hugging high-speed flight at a speed of 1000 kilometers per hour or more.

[0041] The present application has low maintenance cost. The track is non-contact, and the mechanical friction resistance and noise are eliminated, and the track is almost not worn, and thus the track maintenance cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0043] Figure 1It is the structural schematic view of the electromagnetic suspension train and track of the I-shaped steel rail serpentine coil traction of the present application.

[0044] Figure 2 It is the partial enlarged view of Figure 1

[0045] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic view of the electromagnetic suspension train and track of the I-shaped steel beam rectangular coil traction of the present application.

[0046] Figure 4 It is the partial enlarged view of Figure 3

[0047] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic view of the electromagnetic suspension train and track of the L-shaped steel rail of the present application.

[0048] Figure 6 It is the partial enlarged view of Figure 5

[0049] Figure 7 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the multiple E-shaped cross-section suspension suspension electromagnet groups of the present application.

[0050] Figure 8 It is the longitudinal section structural schematic view of the E-shaped cross-section suspension suspension electromagnet.

[0051] Figure 9 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the suspension coil.

[0052] Figure 10 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the E-shaped core of the present application.

[0053] Figure 11 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the long strip-shaped end core block of the present application.

[0054] Figure 12 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the L-shaped end core block of the present application.

[0055] Figure 13 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the T-shaped connecting core block of the present application.

[0056] Figure 14 It is the cross-sectional structural schematic view of the E-shaped cross-section suspension electromagnet.

[0057] Figure 15 It is the side view of the V-shaped suspension coil of the present application.

[0058] Figure 16 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the V-shaped suspension coil of the present application.

[0059] Figure 17 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic view of the multiple V-shaped suspension electromagnet groups of the present application.​​​

[0060] Figure 18 is the cross-sectional structure diagram of the V-shaped suspension electromagnet of the present application.

[0061] Figure 19 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the V-shaped main core plate of the present application.

[0062] Figure 20 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the V-shaped side core plate of the present application.

[0063] Figure 21 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the V-shaped end core block of the present application.

[0064] Figure 22 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the M-shaped connecting core block of the present application.

[0065] Figure 23 is the cross-sectional structure diagram of the split type V-shaped suspension electromagnet with pole shoe.

[0066] Figure 24 is the structure diagram of the E-shaped bottom I-beam and the suspension electromagnet.

[0067] Figure 25 is the structure diagram of the E-shaped bottom I-beam and the suspension electromagnet.

[0068] Figure 26 is the structure diagram of the E-shaped bottom L-shaped steel rail and the suspension electromagnet.

[0069] Figure 27 is the three-dimensional diagram of Figure 3 .

[0070] Figure 28 is the structure diagram of the ordinary straight line suspension electromagnet.

[0071] Figure 29 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the straight line suspension electromagnet with inclined end.

[0072] Figure 30 is the partial three-dimensional diagram of the snake-shaped straight line motor stator unit.

[0073] Figure 31 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the snake-shaped coil.

[0074] Figure 32 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the E-shaped core with integral end core plate.

[0075] 1 - roadbed, 2 - avoidance space, 3 - fastener, 4 - track support, 5 - I-beam rail, 6 - armature plate, 7 - slide plate, 8 - waist plate, 9 - levitation electromagnet, 10 - levitation coil, 11 - levitation core, 12 - gap sensor, 13 - linear motor stator, 14 - stator connecting plate, 15 - stator core, 16 - stator coil, 17 - stator pole shoe, 18 - mover coil, 19 - support arm, 20 - train, 21 - mover core, 22 - traction guide electromagnet, 23 - power generation coil, 24 - skid, 25 - guard plate, 26 - sleeper, 27 - L-shaped rail, 28 - wheel, 29 - rail head, 30 - E-shaped levitation electromagnet, 31 - E-shaped core, 32 - side core plate, 33 - middle core plate, 34 - bottom core plate, 35 - muscle plate, 36 - V-shaped levitation coil, 37 - end line of coil, 38 - joint core block, 39 - end core block, 40 - convex pressing block, 41 - end bottom plate, 42 - wire containing groove, 43 - curved segment of levitation coil, 44 - straight segment of levitation coil, 45 - U-shaped segment of levitation coil, 46 - cooling water hole, 47 - magnetic shoe, 48 - E-shaped armature plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] The application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , it is a track system of an electromagnetic levitation train of the application, pre-embedded parts are arranged on both sides of the top of the roadbed 1, track supports 4 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the pre-embedded parts by fasteners 3, I-beam rails 5 are fixedly connected to the outer extension ends of the track supports 4, the bottom of the I-beam rail 5 is an armature plate 6, the top of the I-beam rail 5 is a slide plate 7, and the middle is a vertically arranged waist plate 8. A levitation electromagnet 9 is arranged below the armature plate 6 at a certain gap distance, the levitation electromagnet 9 is composed of a levitation coil 10 and a levitation core 11, and the levitation electromagnet 9 can adopt an electromagnet that can achieve the levitation purpose of the application in the prior art. In the preferred scheme, the levitation coil 10 includes a rectangular coil and a snakelike coil. The cross section of the levitation core 11 is U-shaped or E-shaped, and the application preferably adopts an E-shaped cross section electromagnet (for specific structure, please refer to the relevant description in the embodiment 2). A gap sensor 12 is arranged on the levitation electromagnet 9, the levitation electromagnet 9 is below the armature plate 6 at a certain distance, and the levitation electromagnet 9 controls the current size of the levitation coil 10 according to the gap signal from the gap sensor to control the system, so that the levitation electromagnet 9 and the armature plate 6 are usually kept at a levitation gap of about 10 mm, and the train is kept stably levitated in the vertical direction.

[0077] A linear motor stator 13 is arranged on the outer side of the waist plate 8 of the I-beam rail 5, the waist plate 8 and the linear motor stator 13 are fixed by a stator connecting plate 14, the linear motor stator 13 is composed of a stator core 15 and a stator coil 16, and one column is laid along the track running direction. Figure 30 and Figure 31As shown, the stator coil 16 is a plurality of S-shaped or serpentine coils connected end to end, and is provided with a protective insulating skin outside. The middle section is a plurality of straight sections, which are embedded in the grooves of the stator core 15. The two ends of each straight section are connected by a U-shaped or circular arc, and the shape can also be said to be generally rectangular square shape. Each corner is connected by a circular arc. The U-shaped coils on both sides of the straight section can be bent to one side to avoid other groups of coils and avoid mutual interference between the coils. One of the structures of the stator coil 16 is composed of three coils, and the ends are connected to a node. The cross section of the stator core 15 has a plurality of stator grooves 25, which are arranged at equal intervals. At least three stator coils 16 are installed in the stator grooves 25 in sequence. The control mode of the linear motor can adopt a three-phase AC frequency converter control. The control mode of the linear motor can also adopt a DC brushless motor controller, which is easier to control than a three-phase AC frequency converter to generate a traveling wave magnetic field. The traction guide electromagnet 22 is arranged on the support arm 19 of the train 20 with a certain gap from the side of the linear motor stator 13. The traction guide electromagnet 22 is composed of a mover coil 18 and a mover core 21. The mover coil 18 of the traction guide electromagnet 22 is a rectangular coil, and the inside is a rectangular cross-section mover core 21. The traction guide electromagnet 22 becomes an electromagnet after being energized, which can attract the stator core 15 of the linear motor stator 13. The left and right traction guide electromagnets 22 are controlled by the control system on the train 20 to control the difference in current between the left and right mover coils 18, so as to control the difference in suction force between the left and right traction guide electromagnets 22 and the stator core 15 on both sides of the track, thereby maintaining the magnetic force gap on both sides of the train 20 at an equal balanced position, and keeping the train stable in the horizontal direction.

[0078] The traction guide electromagnets 22 on both sides of the train 20 form an alternating arrangement of NSNS...NSNS magnetic poles after being energized, which is equivalent to a magnet with alternating NSNS...NSNS magnetic poles, constituting the secondary of the linear motor. The linear motor stator 13 on both sides of the track is the primary of the linear motor. The linear motor stator 13 on the track and the traction guide electromagnet 22 on the train constitute a linear motor, which is controlled by the control system. The control system preferably adopts a DC brushless motor control mode to control the size of the current of the stator coil 16 of the linear motor stator 13 and the energizing sequence and direction of the coil, to control the size and direction of the traction force, and to drive the train 20 to run in suspension.

[0079] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, it is a kind of electromagnetic levitation train track system of the present application. Embedded parts are arranged on both sides of the top of roadbed 1, track support 4 is fixedly arranged on both sides of the embedded parts by fastener 3, the outer end of track support 4 is fixedly connected with I-beam rail 5, the bottom of I-beam rail 5 is armature plate 6, the top of I-beam rail 5 is sliding plate 7, and waist plate 8 is vertically arranged in the middle, track support 4 is supported between armature plate 6, sliding plate 7 and waist plate 8, and I-beam rail 5 is fixed. Levitation electromagnet 9 is arranged below armature plate 6 with a certain gap, levitation electromagnet 9 is composed of levitation coil 10 and levitation core 11, and the cross section of levitation core 11 is E-shaped. Gap sensor 12 is arranged on levitation electromagnet 9, levitation electromagnet 9 is below armature plate 6 at a certain distance, and the current of levitation coil 10 is controlled by control system according to the gap signal transmitted by gap sensor 12, so that levitation electromagnet 9 and armature plate 6 are kept at a levitation gap of about 10 mm, and the stable levitation of train in vertical direction is maintained.

[0080] Linear motor stator 13 is arranged outside waist plate 8 of I-beam rail 5, waist plate 8 and linear motor stator 13 are fixed by stator connecting plate 14, linear motor stator 13 is composed of stator core 15 and stator coil 16, and one column is arranged on each side along the running direction of track. Stator coil 16 is single or multi-rectangular coil, and stator core 15 with rectangular cross section is arranged inside, and stator pole shoe 17 can be further divided from the exposed side of stator core 15. Traction guide electromagnet 22 is arranged on support arm 19 of train 20 with a certain gap from the side of linear motor stator 13, traction guide electromagnet 22 is composed of mover coil 18 and mover core 21, mover coil 18 of traction guide electromagnet 22 is rectangular coil, and mover core 21 with rectangular cross section is arranged inside, and traction guide electromagnet 22 becomes electromagnet after being electrified, which can attract stator core 15 of linear motor stator 13, and the difference between the current of left and right mover coils 18 of left and right traction guide electromagnets 22 is controlled by the control system on train 20, so that the difference between the attractive force of left and right traction guide electromagnets 22 and stator core 15 on both sides of track is controlled, and the magnetic force gap on both sides of train 20 is maintained at the same balanced position, and the stable levitation of train in horizontal direction is maintained.

[0081] The traction guide electromagnet 22 on both sides of the train 20 forms an alternating arrangement of NSNS...NSNS magnetic poles after being energized, which is equivalent to a magnet with alternating NSNS...NSNS magnetic poles, constituting the secondary of the linear motor. The linear motor stator 13 on both sides of the track is the primary of the linear motor. The linear motor stator 13 on the track and the traction guide electromagnet 22 on the train form a linear motor. The train 20 and the track are also provided with Hall sensors to detect the direction of the magnetic field. The control system controls the traction force of the linear motor. The control system preferably adopts the control mode of a direct-current brushless motor to control the size of the stator coil 16 current of the linear motor stator 13, the energizing sequence and direction of the coil, the size and direction of the traction force, and the traction of the train 20.

[0082] During the uniform speed coasting phase, the left and right traction guide electromagnets 22 on the train form the same magnetic poles, such as NNNN...NNNN or SSSS...SSSS, after being energized. The control system on the train controls the difference in the current of the mover coil 18 on the left and right sides, controls the difference in the attractive force of the stator core 15 on the left and right sides, and thereby controls the gap between the left and right sides of the train 20 to approach the balanced position, keeping the train stable and floating in the horizontal direction.

[0083] The mover coil 18 of the traction guide electromagnet 22 is also wound with a power generation coil 23, which generates electromagnetic induction with the linear motor stator 13 on the track. The power generation coil 23 generates current to generate electricity and store energy in the energy storage device on the train. The energy storage device includes a rechargeable battery and a magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage device.

[0084] During braking, the traction guide electromagnet 22 on the train is controlled by the control system to generate a reverse braking force on the traction guide electromagnet 22 by the linear motor stator 13, while regenerating electricity to store the kinetic energy of the train in the energy storage device on the train or the track side. After the train 20 gradually stops, the skid 24 at the bottom of the train 20 descends to support and stabilize the train 20. During the train starting phase, the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage device transmits the stored electrical energy to the linear motor stator 13. The control system on the track side controls the size and energizing sequence and direction of the stator coil current, controls the direction and size of the traction force, and propels the train to fly.

[0085] A protective cover 25 can also be provided on the outside of the track. The protective cover 25 is made of non-magnetic and weather-resistant material to protect the linear motor stator 13 from sand and dust.

[0086] For the low speed condition, the traction guide electromagnet 22 on the train 20 is the linear motor stator 13, and the traction guide electromagnet 22 is composed of the former mover coil 18 and the mover core 21 on both sides of the train, i.e. the traction guide electromagnet 22 serves as the primary of the linear motor and the secondary of the linear motor. The linear motor stator 13 on the track serves as the secondary of the linear motor. The train 20 is powered by the current collector rail to supply power to the traction guide electromagnet 22, and the control system on the train 20 controls the horizontal guidance of the traction guide electromagnet 22 and simultaneously drives the train to travel in suspension. At this time, the linear stator 13 on the track can also not be provided with a coil but only a salient pole core, at this time the linear motor becomes a linear reluctance motor, and works according to the control mode of the reluctance motor.

[0087] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , it is an electromagnetic suspension train track system of the present application. The embedded parts are arranged on both sides of the top of the roadbed 1, and the track tie 26 is fixedly arranged on the embedded parts by the fastener 3. The L-shaped rail 27 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the track tie 26, the bottom of the L-shaped rail 27 is the armature plate 6, the top of the L-shaped rail 27 is the rail head 26, and the middle is the vertical waist plate 8. The outer end of the track tie 26 is supported between the armature plate 6, the rail head 26 and the waist plate 8 to fix the L-shaped rail 27. The suspension electromagnet 9 is arranged below the armature plate 6 with a certain gap, and the suspension electromagnet 9 is composed of the suspension coil 10 and the suspension core 11. The cross section of the suspension core 11 is E-shaped, the middle is the core plate 33, and the side is the side core plate 32. The gap sensor 12 is arranged on the suspension electromagnet 9, and the suspension electromagnet 9 is below the armature plate 6 at a certain distance. The suspension electromagnet 9 controls the current of the suspension coil 10 according to the gap signal from the gap sensor 12 to keep the suspension electromagnet 9 and the armature plate 6 at a suspension gap of about 10 mm, so as to keep the train stable in the vertical direction. The train 20 is provided with the wheel 28 at the bottom, which is supported on the bottom of the train by the axle and bearing. When the train 20 is running in suspension, the wheel 28 is suspended above the L-shaped rail 27, and when the train 20 is decelerated to a certain low degree, the wheel 28 contacts the guide surface of the rail head 29 of the L-shaped rail 27 to slide to stop the train.

[0088] The straight line motor stator 13 is arranged outside the web plate 8 of the I-shaped rail 5, and is fixed between the web plate 8 and the straight line motor stator 13 by a stator connecting plate 14 or directly by the fastener 3. The straight line motor stator 13 is composed of a stator core 15 and a stator coil 16, and is arranged in one row on each side along the track running direction. The stator coil 16 is a multi-strand rectangular coil, and the inside is the stator core 15 with a rectangular cross section. The corners of the rectangular core can be rounded or beveled, and the exposed side of the stator core 15 can also be divided into a stator pole shoe 17. The traction guide electromagnet 22 is arranged on the supporting arm 19 of the train 20 with a certain gap from the side surface of the straight line motor stator 13. The traction guide electromagnet 22 is composed of a mover coil 18 and a mover core 21. The mover coil 18 of the traction guide electromagnet 22 is a rectangular coil, and the inside is the mover core 21 with a rectangular cross section. The traction guide electromagnet 22 becomes an electromagnet after being energized, and can attract the stator core 15 of the straight line motor stator 13. The traction guide electromagnets 22 on the left and right sides are controlled by the control system on the train 20 to control the current difference between the mover coils 18 on the left and right sides, control the electromagnetic force difference between the traction guide electromagnets 22 on the left and right sides of the train 20 and the stator cores 15 on the left and right sides of the track, and maintain the magnetic force gap on the left and right sides of the train 20 at an equal balanced position, thereby keeping the train stable and suspended in the horizontal direction.

[0089] The traction guide electromagnets 22 on both sides of the train 20 form an alternating arrangement of NSNS...NSNS magnetic poles after being energized, which is equivalent to a magnet with alternating NSNS...NSNS magnetic poles, and constitutes the secondary of the linear motor. The straight line motor stators 13 on both sides of the track are the primary of the linear motor. The straight line motor stators 13 on the track and the traction guide electromagnets 22 on the train constitute a linear motor, and the control system controls the traction force of the linear motor. The control system uses the control method of a direct current brushless motor to control the current size and coil energizing sequence and direction of the stator coil 16 of the straight line motor stator 13, control the size and direction of the traction force, and drive the train 20 to run in suspension.

[0090] As described above, Figure 28 The U-shaped electromagnet is a commonly used suspension electromagnet, which can be used as the magnetic suspension electromagnet of the above-mentioned scheme of the present application. Although the suspension coil of the U-shaped electromagnet maintains a closed coil, the end of the suspension coil and the middle core plate are basically at the same horizontal plane. When multiple U-shaped electromagnets are spliced, the middle core plate of the U-shaped electromagnet is equivalent to being cut off by the end of the suspension coil. When two U-shaped electromagnets are spliced, the splicing part is the contact of the coils of the two U-shaped electromagnets or the contact of the external cores to separate the coils. In this case, the magnetic field strength of the connection part between the electromagnets and the middle section of the electromagnets differs greatly, and the electromagnetic resistance is large during the running of the train. To overcome the above-mentioned situation, the present embodiment provides a solution (E-shaped electromagnet scheme described in embodiment 1). The structure of a general E-shaped electromagnet is as follows: Figure 28As shown at the left end, the levitation electromagnet 9 is an E-shaped levitation electromagnet 30. The E-shaped levitation electromagnet 30 includes an E-shaped iron core 31 and a levitation coil 36. The cross-section of the E-shaped iron core 31 is "E"-shaped, with side core plates 32 on both sides and a middle core plate 33 in the middle. The bottom is connected by a bottom core plate 34, which connects the side core plates 32 and the middle core plate 33 to form an E-shaped cross-section. The E-shaped cross-section extends along a straight line or curve to form the E-shaped iron core. The levitation coil 36 is arranged in the groove formed between the side core plates 32, the middle core plate 33, and the bottom core plate 35. However, this structure still has the aforementioned defect of high magnetic resistance. Therefore, this embodiment provides an improved E-shaped electromagnet structure, such as... Figure 29 The left side shows the end of the electromagnet. By using an inclined, irregularly shaped cross-section at the end of the electromagnet to weaken the magnetic field, the slope created by the inclination causes the gap between the electromagnet and the armature plate to gradually increase, thus gradually weakening the magnetic field and reducing magnetic reluctance. This levitation electromagnet includes a levitation coil and a magnetic core. The levitation coil is mounted in a groove in the magnetic core for supporting the levitation coil. The magnetic core slopes smoothly downwards at its end, and the core plate 33 of the magnetic core slopes with the end of the magnetic core. The groove on the magnetic core for mounting the end of the levitation coil forms an inclined groove with the slope of the end of the magnetic core. However, this type of electromagnet still belongs to the scheme where the core plate is cut off by the end of the levitation coil. While it can reduce magnetic reluctance to a certain extent, it cannot achieve the goal of having a continuous, uniform magnetic field throughout the middle and both ends of the electromagnet. To solve the problems of this scheme, this embodiment provides another solution, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The diagram shows an E-shaped cross-section levitation electromagnet of the present invention. The levitation electromagnet 30 consists of an E-shaped iron core 31 and a levitation coil 36. The E-shaped iron core 31 has an E-shaped cross-section, with side core plates 32 on both sides, a central core plate 33 in the middle, and a bottom core plate 34 connecting the side core plates 32 and the central core plate 33 to form an E-shaped cross-section. This cross-section extends along a straight line or curve to form the E-shaped iron core. The material of the E-shaped electromagnet core is a material with good magnetic permeability. Recessed wire grooves 42 are provided at both ends of the central core plate 33. A levitation coil 36 is arranged in the groove formed between the side core plates 32, the central core plate 33, and the bottom core plate 34. The coils at both ends of the levitation coil 36 are bent downwards and embedded in the wire grooves 42. The end of the central core plate protrudes relative to the recessed wire grooves 42 and is flush with the end face. Figure 10 .like Figure 32As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the two ends of the levitation coil 36, a detachable end core block 39 can be arranged at one end or both ends of the E-shaped core 31, and a joint core block 38 is arranged at the joint of each levitation electromagnet 30. The end core block 39 and the joint core block 38 are connected to the middle core plate 33 by fasteners 3. The middle core plates 33 of each levitation electromagnet 30 are connected to form a continuous middle core plate 33, and the side core plates 32 on both sides are also connected to form two almost continuous side core plates 32. After the levitation coil 36 is energized, the magnetic poles of the middle core plate 33 in the middle and the side core plates 32 on both sides are opposite, that is, when the middle is N pole, the magnetic poles of the side core plates 32 on both sides are S pole, or when the middle is S pole, the magnetic poles of the side core plates 32 on both sides are N pole. After the levitation coil 36 is bent downward at both ends, the coil density at both ends increases, and the magnetic flux of the magnetic field converging at both ends is more. The magnetic field strength at the position of the end core block 39 at both ends will be enhanced. When the length of the downward bending of the levitation coil 36 at both ends reaches a certain length, the magnetic field strength at the position of the end core block 39 at both ends will be equal to or very close to the magnetic field strength of the middle core plate 33 in the middle. By the same token, the magnetic field strength at the position of the joint core block 38 at the joint will also be equal to or very close to the magnetic field strength of the middle core plate 33 in the middle. The middle and both ends form a whole continuous and uniform magnetic field. When the levitation electromagnet 30 is suspended and slides on the bottom of the aforementioned armature plate 6, each magnetic pole almost does not change, so the relative sliding magnetic resistance will be very low.

[0091] The adjacent levitation electromagnets 30 can rotate at a small angle by being hingedly connected by the joint core block 38 at the joint of each levitation electromagnet 30. Although the single levitation electromagnet 30 is linear, the shape of the whole levitation electromagnet 30 can form a circular arc after rotating at the joint, so as to adapt to the circular arc radius of the curved track.

[0092] In the above scheme, briefly speaking, the embodiment essentially proposes another kind of suspension electromagnet, which comprises a suspension coil and a magnetic core. The suspension coil is assembled in the recess for accommodating the suspension coil of the magnetic core. The two end portions of the suspension coil are inclined downward relative to the coil body. The downward inclined end portions are installed in the recessed wire accommodating groove arranged at the two ends of the magnetic core to form the avoiding space 2 of the end portions of the suspension coil. The middle core plate 33 of the magnetic core can pass through the end portions of the suspension coil through the avoiding space 2. The above scheme forms the structure that the end portions of the middle core plate are located above the end portions of the suspension coil. The middle core plate can pass through the end portions of the suspension coil, and at the same time, the middle core plate is still located in the surrounding of the suspension coil. The middle core plate is no longer cut off by the end portions of the suspension coil. Therefore, the middle core plates of the two suspension electromagnets can be connected. Due to the avoiding space, the end portions of the middle core plate are located above and pass through the end portions of the suspension coil. The middle core plate located at the end of the suspension electromagnet can be in the magnetic field of the downward inclined end portion of the suspension coil. The magnetic field intensity of the middle core plate located at the end portion is basically consistent with that of the middle core plate located at the center of the magnetic core. The middle and both ends form a whole continuous and uniform magnetic field. When the suspension electromagnet suspends and slides at the bottom of the armature plate, each magnetic pole almost does not change. Therefore, the relative sliding magnetic resistance will be very low.

[0093] As a preferred scheme, the suspension coil mainly comprises two waist portions located at two sides and a sunken portion connecting the two waist portions. The sunken portion is inclined downward relative to the waist portion in the horizontal direction. The sunken portion comprises a connecting segment and a sunken segment which are connected with the waist portion. The magnetic core comprises a bottom core plate 34, side core plates 32 and a middle core plate 33. The side core plates 32 are located at the two sides of the bottom core plate 34 in the horizontal direction and are connected by the bottom core plate 34. The middle core plate 33 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom core plate 34. The middle core plate 33 is narrower than the bottom core plate 34 in the horizontal direction, so that the two side recesses are formed between the middle core plate 33 and the side core plates 32. The two side recesses are used to accommodate the two waist portions of the suspension coil. The two end portions of the bottom core plate 34 are straightly or obliquely stepped to form the wire accommodating groove for accommodating the sunken portion of the suspension coil. According to the scheme, the bottom core plate is divided into two layers, which is in a stepped shape. The bottom core plate is divided into the bottom core plate belonging to the upper layer and the bottom core plate belonging to the lower layer.

[0094] In a preferred scheme, the angle of the sunken portion inclined downward relative to the waist portion in the horizontal direction is 15 degrees to 90 degrees. The preferred angles are 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees. In a more preferred scheme, the angle of the sunken portion inclined downward relative to the waist portion in the horizontal direction is 90 degrees. The magnetic field formed by the completely vertical sunken portion is most close to the magnetic field of the middle core plate.

[0095] However, due to the sunken portion of the suspension coil, if the middle core plate is integrally installed and passes through the top of the wire accommodating groove when the suspension coil is assembled in the accommodating groove, the integral installation is not easy. Therefore, in a preferred scheme, the middle core plate 33 is installed at one end (as shown in FIG. 6) or both ends (as shown in FIG. 7) in the longitudinal direction. Figure 32 In the above scheme, the middle core plate is installed at one end or both ends in the longitudinal direction.Figure 10 The suspension coil is assembled in the groove for accommodating the suspension coil, and the end core block 39 is assembled on the upper step bottom core block 34, and the end core block 39 passes through the avoiding space 2 of the suspension coil above the wire accommodating groove. The end core block is a part cut from the middle core block or a shorter middle core block. The use of the end core block makes the assembly a split assembly, and the assembly is easier.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the suspension coil 36 is formed by bending the two ends of a rectangular single or multi-strand coil downward, and the suspension coil 36 is wound by at least one continuous wire with at least two end wires 37 extending out. In a preferred embodiment, the middle core block 33 of the magnetic conductive core passes above the avoiding space 2 through the sinking section of the sinking part of the suspension coil, and the sinking section is in vertical contact with the middle core block 33 or there is a gap between the sinking section and the middle core block 33.

[0097] The suspension electromagnetic system of the present embodiment is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of the suspension electromagnets of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the adjacent suspension electromagnets are connected through the middle core blocks. In the case where the middle core block is shorter than the length of the upper step bottom core block in the vertical direction, the suspension coil is assembled in the groove for accommodating the suspension coil, and the end core block is assembled on the upper step bottom core block, and the end core block passes through the avoiding space of the suspension coil above the wire accommodating groove. In the present embodiment, the suspension electromagnetic system is formed by sequentially connecting the suspension electromagnets, and the adjacent suspension electromagnets are connected through the connection core blocks 38 at the connection positions. The end core block 39 and the connection core block 38 are connected to the middle core block 33 by the fasteners 3, and each middle core block and the side core blocks on both sides are connected in series to form a longer suspension electromagnet.

[0098] The electromagnetic suspension system of the present embodiment is formed by the above-mentioned suspension electromagnet or suspension electromagnetic system. The electromagnetic suspension system is formed by the suspension electromagnet and the track, and the suspension is controlled by the control system. In a preferred embodiment, the steel structure is one of T-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, L-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, square steel, flat steel, and channel steel. Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the suspension coil 36 is formed by bending the two ends of a rectangular single or multi-strand coil downward, or the middle part is two parallel straight line sections 44, the two ends of the straight line section are U-shaped sections 45, and the curved arc section 43 connects the two ends of the U-shaped section and the middle straight line section 44 to form a complete suspension coil 36. The suspension coil 36 is wound by a continuous wire into a multi-strand coil with two end wires 37 extending out and connected to the controller.

[0099] As shown in the figure, Figure 10As shown, the cross section of the E-shaped core 31 is E-shaped, with side core plates 32 on both sides and a middle core plate 33 in the middle, and the bottom core plate 34 connects the side core plates 32 and the middle core plate 33 into an E-shaped cross section, which extends along a straight line or a curve to form an E-shaped core. The material of the E-shaped electromagnet core is a material with good magnetic conductivity. Concave wire accommodating grooves 42 are provided at both ends of the middle core plate 33 to accommodate the U-shaped sections 45 at both ends of the levitation coil 36. To facilitate the installation of both ends of the levitation coil 36, the ends of the middle core plate 33 are excavated to form detachable end core blocks 39. The end core blocks 39 are installed at both ends of the E-shaped core 31 by fasteners 3, as shown in Figure 7 and 14 as shown.

[0100] As shown in Figure 11 , the end core block 39 is rectangular in shape, with a connecting threaded hole on one side, and the material is a material with good magnetic conductivity.

[0101] As shown in Figure 12 , the end core block 39 is L-shaped, with a connecting threaded hole on one side and a convex pressing block 40 at one end.

[0102] As shown in Figure 13 , the interface of the two E-shaped cores 31 can be installed with an interface core block 38, which is rectangular or T-shaped, with a connecting threaded hole on one side, and is installed at both ends of the E-shaped core 31 by fasteners 3 to connect the two E-shaped cores 31 together.

[0103] As shown in Figure 15 , in general, the two ends of the two parallel straight line sections in the middle of the horizontal levitation coil 36 are bent downward at a certain angle A with the horizontal line, and the angle A is preferably between 30 degrees and 90 degrees. When the angle is 90 degrees, it is Figure 9 as shown.

[0104] As shown in Figure 16 , the levitation coil 36 is V-shaped on the left and right, and the V-shaped levitation coil 36 is formed by bending the two ends of a rectangular single or multi-strand conductive coil downward, and the two parallel straight line sections 44 in the middle are connected by the curved sections 43 to form a complete levitation coil 36, and the levitation coil 36 is wound into multiple coils by a continuous wire, with two end wires 37 extending out and connected to the controller.

[0105] As shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18The diagram shows the E-shaped cross-section levitation electromagnet of the present invention. The levitation electromagnet 30 consists of an E-shaped iron core 31 and a V-shaped levitation coil 36. The cross-section of the E-shaped iron core 31 is E-shaped, with side core plates 32 on both sides, a middle core plate 33 in the middle, and a bottom core plate 34 connecting the side core plates 32 and the middle core plate 33 to form an E-shaped cross-section. This cross-section extends along a straight line or curve to form the E-shaped iron core. The material of the E-shaped electromagnet iron core is a material with good magnetic permeability. Recessed wire grooves 42 are provided at both ends of the middle core plate 33. A V-shaped levitation coil 36 is provided in the groove formed between the side core plates 32, the middle core plate 33, and the bottom core plate 34. The coils at both ends of the V-shaped levitation coil 36 are bent downward and embedded in the wire grooves 42. To facilitate the installation at both ends of the levitation coil 36, detachable end core blocks 39 are provided. Connecting core blocks 38 are installed at the joints of each levitation electromagnet 30. The end core blocks 39 and connecting core blocks 38 are connected to the central core plate 33 by fasteners 3, forming a continuous central core plate 33 with the central core plates 33 of each levitation electromagnet 30. The side core plates 32 on both sides are also connected to form two continuous side core plates 32. After the V-shaped levitation coil 36 is energized, the magnetic poles of the central core plate 33 and the side core plates 32 are opposite. That is, when the central part is the N pole, the magnetic poles of the side core plates 32 are the S poles, or when the central part is the S pole, the magnetic poles of the side core plates 32 are the N poles.

[0106] like Figure 19 , Figure 20 and Figure 23 As shown, to facilitate cooling of the E-shaped iron core 31, the E-shaped iron core 31 is cut into three main components: side core plates 32 on both sides and a central core plate 33 in the middle. Cooling water channels 46 are provided at the connection points, and the three parts are then connected into a single unit by fasteners 3. Figure 19 and Figure 21 As shown, to facilitate the installation at both ends of the levitation coil 36, the two ends of the core plate 33 are removed, separating detachable end core blocks 39. The end core blocks 39 are installed at both ends of the E-shaped iron core 31 by fasteners 3, as shown. Figure 23 As shown. Ribs 35 are provided at the bottom of the core plate 33 and the side core plate 32 to increase the strength of the levitation electromagnet 30.

[0107] like Figure 21 As shown, the end core block 39 is L-shaped or V-shaped, with a V-shaped protruding pressure block 40 at one end. The bottom surface matches the top surface at both ends of the suspension coil 36, and the material is a material with good magnetic permeability.

[0108] like Figure 22 As shown, a connecting block 38 can be installed at the joint of the two E-shaped iron cores 31. The connecting block 38 is elongated, with an M-shaped groove in the middle and a V-shaped protruding pressure block 40 in the center. It is installed at both ends of the E-shaped iron core 31 by fasteners 3, connecting the two E-shaped iron cores 31 together. Figure 18 As shown.

[0109] As shown in Figure 23 The side core plates 32 and the middle core plates 33 of the aforementioned side core plates 32 and the middle core plates 33 are provided with side protruding magnetic shoes 47, which prevent the suspension coil 36 from being pulled out.

[0110] The side of the suspension electromagnet can also be provided with a reinforcing plate.

[0111] The aforementioned is an example of two shapes of suspension coils to illustrate the structural principle of the suspension coils of the present application, and the specific shape can be designed into other similar shapes according to this principle, and the principle is the same, and no further description is given in the drawings.

[0112] As shown in Figure 24 The upper part is an E-shaped bottom I-beam rail of the present application, and the rail 5 has an I-shaped cross section. Three downward extending bottom feet or ribs are provided below the armature plate of the I-shaped rail, or two grooves are formed, and the bottom becomes an E-shaped armature plate 48 with the opening facing downward, which is combined with the T-shaped steel of the upper part to form an E-shaped bottom I-beam rail. The E-shaped armature plate 48 at the bottom is provided with a suspension electromagnet 30 at a certain gap below, so that the suspension electromagnet 30 can have a certain horizontal guiding force while maintaining suspension. The length and width of the three bottom feet or ribs can be set as needed and should correspond to the positions of the side core plates 32 and the middle core plates 33 of the E-shaped cross section suspension electromagnet.

[0113] The E-shaped bottom armature plate 48 can also be combined with an L-shaped rail to form an E-shaped bottom L-shaped rail, which has the same effect as the E-shaped bottom I-beam rail 48. It is suitable for use in low-speed magnetic levitation trains.

[0114] The aforementioned E-shaped armature plate 48 can be combined with steel structural members, including T-shaped steel, I-beam, H-shaped steel, L-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, square steel, flat steel, and channel steel, which are connected together by welding or fasteners, and have the same effect as the E-shaped bottom I-beam rail 48.

[0115] The aforementioned suspension electromagnet can also be used as a horizontal guiding electromagnet and can be provided on the left and right sides of the train, which constitutes a horizontal guiding electromagnet with the vertically arranged magnetic conducting plates on both sides of the track beam to control the suspension of the left and right sides of the train.

[0116] The permanent magnet linear motor mentioned in the present application can be replaced by other forms of linear motor to become a magnetic levitation rail and electromagnetic suspension train rail system of other driving forms, which is still included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0117] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present application according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic traction guided rail system, in which tracks are arranged on both sides of a roadbed or a track beam, and a maglev train runs on the tracks, characterized in that: The magnetic suspension train (20) is provided with a traction guide electromagnet (22) horizontally arranged on the both sides of the supporting arm (19), the magnetic pole direction of the traction guide electromagnet (22) is horizontally arranged, the linear motor stator (13) is horizontally arranged on the track corresponding to the position of the traction guide electromagnet (22), the linear motor stator (13) is composed of a stator coil (16) and a stator core (15), the magnetic pole direction of the stator core (15) is horizontally arranged, the working surface of the traction guide electromagnet (22) is parallel to the working surface of the stator core (15) and is arranged at a certain magnetic force gap to form a core linear motor; the bottom of the magnetic suspension train is provided with a suspension electromagnet (9), the bottom of the track is horizontally arranged above the suspension electromagnet (9) at a certain magnetic force gap to form an armature plate (6); ​ The suspension electromagnet (9) is an E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30), the E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30) comprises an E-shaped core (31) and a suspension coil (10), the cross section of the E-shaped core (31) is "E" shaped, the both sides are side core plates (32), the middle is a middle core plate (33), the bottom is connected by a bottom core plate (34) to form an E-shaped cross section, the E-shaped core is formed by extending along a straight line or a curve, the recessed wire containing groove (42) is arranged at both ends of the middle core plate (33), the suspension coil (10) is arranged in the groove surrounded by the side core plate (32), the middle core plate (33) and the bottom core plate (35), and the both end coils of the suspension coil (10) are bent downward and embedded in the wire containing groove (42).

2. The electromagnetic traction guidance train track system of claim 1, wherein: The mover coil (18) of the traction guide electromagnet (22) is connected with the control system, the current size and direction of the coil of the linear motor stator (13) and the traction guide electromagnet (22) are controlled through the control system, and the horizontal guide force and the traction force are controlled.

3. Electromagnetic traction guided train track system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The linear motor stator (13) is controlled by the track side control system to control the size and energizing sequence and direction of the stator coil current, and to control the direction and size of the traction force.

4. A maglev train track system, wherein tracks are provided on both sides of a roadbed or a track beam, and a magnetic levitation train runs on the tracks, characterized in that: The magnetic suspension train (20) is provided with a traction guide electromagnet (22) horizontally arranged on the both sides of the supporting arm (19), the magnetic pole direction of the traction guide electromagnet (22) is horizontally arranged, the linear motor stator (13) is horizontally arranged on the track corresponding to the position of the traction guide electromagnet (22), the linear motor stator (13) is composed of the stator coil (16) and the stator core (15), the stator core (15) is a magnetic conductive core, the magnetic pole direction of the stator core (15) is horizontally arranged, the working surface of the traction guide electromagnet (22) is parallel to the working surface of the stator core (15) and is arranged with a certain magnetic force gap to form a core linear motor, the bottom of the magnetic suspension train is provided with a suspension electromagnet (9), the bottom of the track is provided with an armature plate (6) above the suspension electromagnet (9) with a certain magnetic force gap.

5. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mover coil (18) of the traction guide electromagnet (22) is connected with the control system, the current size and direction of the coil of the linear motor stator (13) and the traction guide electromagnet (22) are controlled through the control system to control the horizontal guide force and the traction force; the suspension coil (10) in the suspension electromagnet (9) is connected with the control system to form an electromagnetic suspension system, the current size of the suspension coil (10) of the suspension electromagnet (9) is controlled through the control system to control the suspension force.

6. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linear motor stator (13) is controlled by the track side control system to control the size and energization sequence and direction of the stator coil current, and to control the direction and size of the traction force.

7. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontally arranged armature plate (6) on the track and the T-shaped steel thereon form an I-shaped steel rail (5), the bottom plate of the I-shaped steel rail (5) and the E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30) form an electromagnetic suspension system, and the suspension is controlled by the control system.

8. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized by: The horizontally arranged armature plate (6) on the track and the I-shaped steel form an L-shaped steel rail (27), the bottom plate of the L-shaped steel rail (27) and the E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30) form an electromagnetic suspension system, and the suspension is controlled by the control system.

9. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized by: The linear motor stator (13) is a primary of a linear motor composed of a plurality of S-shaped curved serpentine or round corner square wave rectangular stator coils (16) and stator cores (15).

10. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized by: The linear motor stator (13) is a primary of a linear motor composed of a plurality of rectangular stator coils (16) and stator cores (15).

11. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The traction guide electromagnet (22) is arranged on both sides of the maglev train as the primary of the linear motor, and the linear motor stator (13) composed of the stator coil (16) and the stator core (15) is arranged on the both sides of the maglev train as the secondary of the linear motor.

12. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized by: The traction guide electromagnet (22) is arranged on both sides of the maglev train as the primary of the linear motor, and the guide magnetic core or the ferromagnetic core linear motor stator composed of the guide magnetic core and the electromagnetic coil is arranged on both sides of the track as the secondary of the linear motor.

13. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized by: The suspension coil (10) is formed by bending the two ends of the rectangular single or multi-strand coil downward, i.e. two parallel straight sections (44) in the middle, the downward bending arc sections (43) at both ends of the straight sections (44) are connected with the U-shaped sections (45) at both ends to form a complete suspension coil (10), and the suspension coil (10) is wound by at least one continuous wire with at least two end wires (37) extending out.

14. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4, characterized by: The middle core plate (33) is integrally or separately formed into detachable long strip-shaped or L-shaped or T-shaped or M-shaped core blocks (38).

15. The electromagnetic levitation train track system according to claim 4 or 11 or 12, characterized by E The shaped armature plate (48) is combined with the steel structural member, and the steel structural member is at least one of T-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, L-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, square steel, flat steel and channel steel, and constitutes the E-shaped bottom suspension rail.

16. A levitation electromagnet comprising a levitation coil and a magnetically permeable core, the levitation coil being fitted in a recess of the magnetically permeable core for holding the levitation coil, characterized in that: The two end portions of the suspension coil (10) are inclined downward relative to the coil body, the downward inclined end portions are installed in the recessed wire accommodating grooves (42) arranged at both ends of the guide magnetic core to form the avoidance space (2) of the suspension coil end portions, the middle core plate (33) of the guide magnetic core can pass through the avoidance space (2) through the end portions of the suspension coil; the suspension electromagnet (9) is an E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30), the E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30) comprises an E-shaped core (31) and a suspension coil (10), the cross section of the E-shaped core (31) is "E" shaped, both sides are side core plates (32), the middle is a middle core plate (33), and the bottom is a bottom core plate (34) connecting the side core plates (32) and the middle core plate (33) into an E-shaped cross section, the E-shaped cross section extends along a straight line or a curve to form an E-shaped core, recessed wire accommodating grooves (42) are arranged at both ends of the middle core plate (33), the suspension coil (10) is arranged in the groove surrounded by the side core plates (32), the middle core plate (33) and the bottom core plate (35), and the two end coils of the suspension coil (10) are bent downward and embedded in the wire accommodating grooves (42).

17. The levitation electromagnet of claim 16 wherein: The suspension coil is mainly composed of two waist parts on both sides and a sunken part connecting the two waist parts, the sunken part is inclined downward relative to the waist part in the horizontal direction, the sunken part includes a connecting section and a sunken section which are inclinedly connected with the waist part; the magnetically conductive core includes a bottom core plate (34), side core plates (32) on both sides of the bottom core plate (34) and a middle core plate (33) laid on the upper surface of the bottom core plate (34), the middle core plate (33) is narrower than the bottom core plate (34) in the horizontal direction, so that the middle core plate (33) and the side core plates (32) form two recesses on both sides, which are used for accommodating the two waist parts of the suspension coil, the both ends of the bottom core plate (34) are straightly or obliquely stepped to form wire accommodating grooves for accommodating the sunken part of the suspension coil.

18. The levitation electromagnet of claim 17 wherein: The angle of the sunken part inclined downward relative to the waist part in the horizontal direction is 15 degrees to 90 degrees.

19. The levitation electromagnet of claim 18 wherein: The angle of the sunken part inclined downward relative to the waist part in the horizontal direction is 90 degrees.

20. The levitation electromagnet of claim 17 wherein the core is The length of the core plate (33) at one end or both ends in the longitudinal direction is shorter than the length of the upper layer stepped bottom core plate (34), the suspension coil is assembled in the recess for accommodating the suspension coil, and the end core block (39) is assembled on the upper layer stepped bottom core plate (34), and the end core block (39) passes through the avoiding space (2) of the suspension coil above the wire accommodating groove.

21. The levitation electromagnet of claim 16 or 17, wherein: The suspension coil is formed by bending the single or multi-coil at both ends in the downward direction, and the suspension coil is wound by at least one continuous wire, and at least two end wires are extended.

22. The levitation electromagnet of claim 16 or 17, wherein: The middle core plate (33) of the magnetically conductive core passes above the sunken section of the sunken part of the suspension coil through the avoiding space (2), and the sunken section is in contact with the middle core plate (33) in the vertical direction or there is a gap between the sunken section and the middle core plate (33) in the vertical direction.

23. A levitation electromagnet comprising a levitation coil and a magnetically permeable core, the levitation coil being fitted in a recess of the magnetically permeable core for holding the levitation coil, characterized in that: The magnetically conductive core is smoothly inclined downward at the end part, the middle core plate (33) of the magnetically conductive core is inclined with the end part of the magnetically conductive core, and the recess for assembling the end part of the suspension coil on the magnetically conductive core forms an inclined recess with the inclination of the end part of the magnetically conductive core; the suspension electromagnet (9) is an E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30), the E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30) includes an E-shaped core (31) and a suspension coil (10), the cross section of the E-shaped core (31) is "E" shaped, both sides are side core plates (32), the middle is a middle core plate (33), and the bottom is a bottom core plate (34) connecting the side core plates (32) and the middle core plate (33) into an E-shaped cross section, the E-shaped core is formed by extending the E-shaped cross section along a straight line or a curve, the recessed wire accommodating groove (42) is arranged at both ends of the middle core plate (33), the suspension coil (10) is arranged in the groove surrounded by the side core plates (32), the middle core plate (33) and the bottom core plate (35), and the two end coils of the suspension coil (10) are bent downward and embedded in the wire accommodating groove (42).

24. A levitation electromagnet system characterized by: The suspension electromagnets are sequentially connected, and the middle core plates (33) and the side core plates (32) of adjacent suspension electromagnets are connected by the connecting plate.

25. A levitation electromagnet system characterized by: The suspension electromagnets of claim 16 are sequentially connected, and adjacent suspension electromagnets are connected by the connecting core block (38) to connect the middle core plates (33) of the two suspension electromagnets.

26. A magnetic levitation track, characterized by: The linear motor stator (13) is horizontally installed on the track, and is composed of a stator coil (16) and a stator core (15). The magnetic pole direction of the stator core (15) is horizontally arranged, and the stator core (15) is provided with vertical grooves for installing the stator coil (16). The working surface of the magnetic pole of the stator core (15) is vertically arranged, and the track is provided with the armature plates (6) on both sides horizontally; the bottom of the maglev train is provided with the suspension electromagnets (9), and the track is provided with the armature plates (6) above the suspension electromagnets (9) with a certain magnetic gap. The suspension electromagnet (9) is an E-shaped suspension electromagnet (30), which comprises an E-shaped core (31) and a suspension coil (10). The cross section of the E-shaped core (31) is "E" shaped, with side core plates (32) on both sides and a middle core plate (33) in the middle. The bottom core plate (34) connects the side core plates (32) and the middle core plate (33) into an E-shaped cross section. The E-shaped core is formed by extending the E-shaped cross section along a straight line or a curve. The middle core plate (33) is provided with recessed wire grooves (42) at both ends. The suspension coil (10) is arranged in the groove formed between the side core plates (32), the middle core plate (33) and the bottom core plate (35). The two end coils of the suspension coil (10) are bent downward and embedded in the wire grooves (42).

27. The magnetic levitation track according to claim 26, characterized in that: The stator coil (16) is a plurality of S-shaped bent serpentine coils or rounded square rectangular coils or rectangular coils.

28. The magnetic levitation track of claim 26, wherein: The linear motor stator (13) is composed of a plurality of rectangular stator coils and stator cores, which are laid parallel along both sides of the track. The rectangular stator coils are arranged outside the rectangular stator cores.

29. An electromagnetic levitation system for an electromagnetic levitation track, characterized by: The track is horizontally provided with the armature plates, and the armature plates and the steel structure form a steel rail. The bottom plate of the steel rail and the suspension electromagnet of any one of claims 16-22 form an electromagnetic suspension system, which is controlled by a control system.

30. The electromagnetic levitation system of the electromagnetic levitation track of claim 29, characterized in that: The steel structure is at least one of T-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel, L-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, square steel, flat steel and channel steel.

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