Pulse rock breaking drill bit and pulse rock breaking drill rig

Abstract

A pulse rock-breaking drill bit and a pulse rock-breaking drill rig relate to the technical field of drilling tools. The pulse rock-breaking drill bit comprises an insulating base, an annular electrode, and a center electrode. The annular electrode and the center electrode are connected to the same side of the insulating base, with the center electrode located at the center of the annular electrode. The annular electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode nested within each other, with the second electrode having a greater additional voltage than the first electrode. The insulating base also includes an electrolyte channel for electrolyte passage. This pulse rock-breaking drill bit can improve rock crushing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, and in particular to a pulse rock breaking drill bit and a pulse rock breaking drill rig. Background Art

[0002] Traditional drilling methods include mechanical drilling and conventional blasting. Mechanical drilling uses the impact and shearing effect of drilling tools on rocks to produce stress damage. This method has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, and fast rock crushing speed. However, when crushing hard rock, the drilling tools are easily worn and have high energy consumption. The blasting method uses the chemical energy released by chemical reactions of substances to cause rock crushing. It has the advantages of fast blasting speed and simple operation, but has the disadvantages of large crushing disturbance, generation of harmful chemicals, and irregular hole shape. Therefore, in the process of infrastructure construction, mechanical drilling is usually preferred. Among them, rotary drilling rigs are a kind of construction machinery suitable for drilling operations in building foundation projects. They have the characteristics of large installed power, maneuverability, and high construction efficiency. They can be used with a variety of different types of drill buckets to meet the drilling needs of different strata. Therefore, rotary drilling rigs have been widely used.

[0003] However, when drilling hard rock in pile foundation construction, a rotary drilling rig uses picks or cones to drill into the rock, causing impact damage and extracting the broken rock for geological prediction. However, this existing mechanical rotary drilling method is not very effective in rock fragmentation, which affects construction efficiency and prolongs the construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a pulse rock breaking drill bit and a pulse rock breaking drill rig, which can improve the rock breaking effect.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a pulse rock-breaking drill bit comprising an insulating base, an annular electrode, and a center electrode. The annular electrode and the center electrode are connected to the same side of the insulating base, with the center electrode located at the center of the annular electrode. The annular electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode nested within each other, with the added voltage of the second electrode being greater than that of the first electrode. The insulating base is also provided with an electrolyte channel for the passage of electrolyte. This pulse rock-breaking drill bit can improve rock-breaking performance.

[0007] Optionally, the first electrode is sleeved outside the second electrode.

[0008] Optionally, the second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes respectively connected to the insulating base, and the plurality of second sub-electrodes are distributed on the insulating base in a ring shape.

[0009] Optionally, the annular electrode further includes a second electrode seat connected to the insulating seat, the central electrode is connected to the center position of the second electrode seat, and a plurality of second sub-electrodes are arranged on the second electrode seat with the central electrode as the center.

[0010] Optionally, the plurality of second sub-electrodes are radially arranged with the central electrode as the center.

[0011] Optionally, a protrusion is extended outward from the center position of the second electrode seat, the central electrode is connected to the protrusion, and the end of the central electrode away from the insulating seat, the end of the second sub-electrode away from the insulating seat, and the end of the first electrode away from the insulating seat are respectively arranged flush, and the electrolyte channel is arranged on the protrusion.

[0012] Optionally, the protrusion gradually converges from the second electrode seat toward a direction away from the second electrode seat, and the electrolyte channels include multiple electrolyte channels, which are evenly distributed on the peripheral wall of the protrusion so that the electrolyte is radially ejected from the electrolyte channels.

[0013] Optionally, the first electrode includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes respectively connected to the insulating base, the plurality of first sub-electrodes are distributed in a ring shape on the insulating base, and the second sub-electrodes and the first sub-electrodes are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0014] Optionally, the first electrode further includes a first electrode seat, the first electrode seat is arranged in a ring shape, and the plurality of first sub-electrodes are evenly distributed on the first electrode seat, and the first electrode seat is connected to the insulating seat.

[0015] Optionally, the insulating seat is provided with a plurality of connection holes, and the connection holes are used to connect with the drill rod of the pulse rock breaking drill bit.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a pulse rock breaking drill, which includes the pulse rock breaking drill bit described above. The pulse rock breaking drill can improve rock breaking effect.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0018] The pulse rock-breaking drill bit provided in this application includes an insulating base, an annular electrode, and a center electrode. The annular electrode and the center electrode are respectively connected to the same side of the insulating base, with the center electrode located at the center of the annular electrode. The annular electrode includes a first electrode and a second electrode arranged one above the other, wherein the additional voltage value of the second electrode is greater than that of the first electrode. The insulating base is also provided with an electrolyte channel for the passage of electrolyte. Thus, during use, the pulse rock-breaking drill bit can be inserted into a hole or slot where rock is to be crushed, and then electrolyte is introduced into the hole or slot through the electrolyte channel, so that the electrolyte fills the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrolyte in the gap undergoes dissociation and collision ionization, becoming a plasma state, thereby forming a plasma channel. Under the action of instantaneous high-temperature heating, the pressure in the plasma channel increases sharply, causing the plasma channel to expand and penetrate the rock, thereby fragmenting the surrounding rock. The crushed rock and gravel are discharged through the gap between the rock-breaking drill bit and the hole or slot under the pressure of the electrolyte and transported to the surface. Since the application includes a central electrode, and a first electrode and a second electrode that are nested with each other, the rock crushing effect can be better to a certain extent (a ring-shaped rock crushing effect can be formed around the rock, and a rock crushing effect can also be formed at the center position). In this way, the present application can further improve the rock crushing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pulse rock breaking drill bit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A second structural diagram of a pulse rock breaking drill bit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the second electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A second structural diagram of the second electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the first electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a second structural diagram of the first electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Icon: 10-insulating seat; 11-electrolyte channel; 20-ring electrode; 21-first electrode; 211-first sub-electrode; 212-first electrode seat; 22-second electrode; 221-second sub-electrode; 222-second electrode seat; 30-center electrode; 40-bump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like indicate positions or locations based on the positions shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or locations in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not necessarily mean that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a pulse rock-breaking drill bit, which includes an insulating base 10, an annular electrode 20, and a center electrode 30. The annular electrode 20 and the center electrode 30 are respectively connected to the same side of the insulating base 10, and the center electrode 30 is located at the center of the annular electrode 20. The annular electrode 20 includes a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22 that are nested with each other. The additional voltage value of the second electrode 22 is greater than the additional voltage value of the first electrode 21. The insulating base 10 is also provided with an electrolyte channel 11 for electrolyte to pass through.

[0034] It should be noted that the above-mentioned insulating seat 10 is used to connect the ring electrode 20 and the center electrode 30, so that the ring electrode 20 and the center electrode 30 are connected to the insulating seat 10, thereby forming a whole with the insulating seat 10, thereby making the drill bit more integrated, so as to facilitate the overall connection of the pulse rock breaking drill bit relative to the drill pipe of the pulse rock breaking drill.

[0035] In this embodiment, both the ring electrode 20 and the center electrode 30 are supplied with voltage. Conductive wires may be directly electrically connected to the ring electrode 20 and the center electrode 30, or cable channels may be provided in the insulating base 10, through which the conductive wires are electrically connected to the ring electrode 20 and the center electrode 30, respectively. In this embodiment, to facilitate the orderly collection of conductive wires and improve the neatness of the working environment, a cable channel may be provided within the insulating base 10, through which the conductive wires are threaded. Thus, one end of the conductive wire can pass through the cable channel of the insulating base 10 to be electrically connected to the ring electrode 20 and the center electrode 30, respectively, while the other end passes through the corresponding cable channel of the drill pipe to be connected to the power source.

[0036] In addition, the annular electrode 20 and the central electrode 30 are both arranged on the same side of the insulating seat 10, and the central electrode 30 is located inside the annular electrode 20. The annular electrode 20 includes a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22 that are mutually nested. The additional voltage value of the second electrode 22 is greater than the additional voltage value of the first electrode 21. In this way, a plasma pulse channel can be formed on the same side of the insulating seat 10 and between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22. During use, the pulse rock breaking drill bit is placed in the hole groove of the area to be broken, and the side where the annular electrode 20 and the central electrode 30 are located is close to the bottom of the hole groove, thereby generating a discharge channel between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22. The plasma channel expands due to heat and does work on the surrounding rock mass, thereby achieving the effect of breaking the rock.

[0037] The present application also provides a central electrode 30 inside the annular electrode 20. In this way, not only can a plasma channel be formed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, but the rock crushing effect can also be improved under the action of the central electrode 30, thereby improving to a certain extent the defect that annular crushing is formed on the periphery of the rock, while the crushing effect in the central area of ​​the rock is poor.

[0038] It should be understood that the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are nested with each other, that is, the first electrode 21 is nested within the second electrode 22, or the second electrode 22 is nested within the first electrode 21. Since the voltage of the second electrode 22 is higher than that of the first electrode 21, in order to avoid certain safety hazards during operation, in this embodiment, the second electrode 22 is nested within the first electrode 21.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that the electrolyte can be water, mud or ionic solution, etc., without specific limitation, as long as a plasma channel can be formed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 under the action of the electrolyte to facilitate rock breaking.

[0040] In summary, the pulse rock-breaking drill bit provided in the present application includes an insulating base 10, an annular electrode 20, and a center electrode 30, wherein the annular electrode 20 and the center electrode 30 are respectively connected to the same side of the insulating base 10, and the center electrode 30 is located at the center of the annular electrode 20. The annular electrode 20 includes a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22 that are mutually nested. The additional voltage value of the second electrode 22 is greater than the additional voltage value of the first electrode 21. The insulating base 10 is also provided with an electrolyte channel 11 for electrolyte to pass through. In this way, during use, the pulse rock-breaking drill bit can be inserted into the hole groove where rock needs to be crushed, and then the electrolyte is introduced into the hole groove through the electrolyte channel 11, so that the electrolyte fills the gap between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22. The electrolyte in the gap undergoes dissociation and collision ionization to become a plasma state, thereby forming a plasma channel. Under the action of instantaneous high-temperature heating, the pressure in the plasma channel rises sharply, causing the plasma channel to expand and penetrate the rock, causing the surrounding rock to break. Crushed rock and gravel are expelled through the gap between the rock crushing drill bit and the hole slot under the pressure of the electrolyte and transported to the ground. Because the application includes a central electrode 30 and a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22 that are nested together, this can achieve a better rock crushing effect to a certain extent (a ring-shaped rock crushing effect can be formed around the periphery of the rock, and a rock crushing effect can also be formed at the center position), thus further improving the rock crushing effect.

[0041] The above-mentioned second electrode 22 can be a single electrode or formed by multiple sub-electrodes. Optionally, in this embodiment, the second electrode 22 includes multiple second sub-electrodes 221 respectively connected to the insulating base 10, and the multiple second sub-electrodes 221 are distributed in a ring shape on the insulating base 10.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 To facilitate replacement and maintenance of the second electrode 22, in this embodiment, the plurality of second sub-electrodes 221 can be detachably connected to the insulating base 10. Of course, in other embodiments, the second sub-electrodes 221 can be fixedly connected to the insulating base 10 according to different needs.

[0043] In order to further facilitate the disassembly of multiple second sub-electrodes 221 relative to the insulating seat 10, in this embodiment, optionally, the annular electrode 20 also includes a second electrode seat 222 connected to the insulating seat 10, the central electrode 30 is connected to the center position of the second electrode seat 222, and the multiple second sub-electrodes 221 are arranged on the second electrode seat 222 with the central electrode 30 as the center.

[0044] It should be noted that the second electrode holder 222 is located between the second sub-electrode 221 and the insulating holder 10 and is used to connect the second sub-electrode 221 to the insulating holder 10. Optionally, the second sub-electrode 221 can be connected to the second electrode holder 222, and then the second electrode holder 222 can be detachably connected to the insulating holder 10. For example, a plurality of screw holes can be provided on the second electrode holder 222, so that the second electrode holder 222 can be detachably connected to the insulating holder 10 using screws.

[0045] In addition, in this embodiment, the central electrode 30 is also connected to the second electrode holder 222, so that the central electrode 30 and the second electrode 22 can be removed together. It should be understood that in this embodiment, when the central electrode 30 is connected to the second electrode holder 222, and the central electrode 30, the second electrode 22, and the second electrode holder 222 are made of the same material, the additional voltage value of the central electrode 30 should be the same as that of the second electrode 22.

[0046] For example, in this embodiment, the second electrode holder 222, the second electrode 22, and the center electrode 30 are made of the same material and can be integrally formed or independently connected. The second electrode 22 and the center electrode 30 are both high-voltage electrodes, receiving high voltage electricity, while the first electrode 21, located outside the second electrode 22, is a low-voltage electrode, receiving low voltage electricity.

[0047] Optionally, in order to achieve a better rock breaking effect, in this embodiment, a plurality of second sub-electrodes 221 are radially arranged with the central electrode 30 as the center. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , and the second sub-electrode 221 further includes an end of the second sub-electrode 221 extending from one end away from the second electrode seat 222 toward the first electrode 21, so that the second sub-electrode 221 is L-shaped.

[0048] Furthermore, a bump 40 is provided extending outward from the center of the second electrode holder 222 (i.e., along the extension direction of the second sub-electrode 221). The central electrode 30 is connected to the bump 40. The end of the central electrode 30 away from the insulating holder 10, the end of the second sub-electrode 221 away from the insulating holder 10, and the end of the first electrode 21 away from the insulating holder 10 are all aligned. The electrolyte channel 11 is provided on the bump 40. This also facilitates the spraying of the electrolyte.

[0049] In order to facilitate the spraying of the electrolyte, in this embodiment, the protrusion 40 gradually converges from the second electrode seat 222 toward the direction away from the second electrode seat 222 (to form a funnel-shaped structure), and the electrolyte channel 11 includes multiple electrolyte channels 11, and the multiple electrolyte channels 11 are evenly distributed on the peripheral wall of the protrusion 40, so that the electrolyte is radially sprayed out from the electrolyte channel 11.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In addition, the first electrode 21 can be a single electrode arranged in an annular shape to accommodate the second electrode 22 within the first electrode 21; or it can include multiple first sub-electrodes 211, each connected to the insulating base 10. The multiple first sub-electrodes 211 are distributed in an annular shape on the insulating base 10, so that the second electrode 22 is enclosed within the annular ring formed by the multiple first sub-electrodes 211, and the second sub-electrodes 221 and the first sub-electrodes 211 are arranged in an alternating manner. The specific arrangement adopted can be determined according to actual circumstances and is not limited by this application.

[0051] When the first electrode 21 includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes 211 respectively connected to the insulating base 10 , the plurality of first sub-electrodes 211 may be detachably connected to the insulating base 10 to facilitate disassembly or maintenance of the first sub-electrodes 211 .

[0052] Optionally, to further facilitate the disassembly or maintenance of the first electrode 21, in this embodiment, the first electrode 21 further includes a first electrode holder 212. The first electrode holder 212 is arranged in a ring shape, and multiple first sub-electrodes 211 are evenly distributed on the first electrode holder 212. The first electrode holder 212 is connected to the insulating holder 10. In this way, by removing the first electrode holder 212 from the insulating holder 10, the entire disassembly of all the first sub-electrodes 211 can be facilitated.

[0053] It should be noted that the first electrode seat 212 may also be provided with screw holes so as to detachably connect the first electrode seat 212 to the insulating seat 10 by means of bolts.

[0054] In addition, the end of the first sub-electrode 211 away from the first electrode seat 212 can also be extended in the direction close to the second electrode 22, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown.

[0055] In addition, the first electrode seat 212 is arranged in a ring shape, which can facilitate the placement of the second electrode 22 inside the first electrode 21. It should be understood that during use, the insulation connection between the second electrode 22 and the first electrode 21 should be ensured. For example, there is a gap between the first electrode seat 212 and the second electrode 22.

[0056] Optionally, in order to achieve the crushing of the entire cross section of the pile hole, in this embodiment, the first sub-electrode 211 and the second sub-electrode 221 are arranged in a staggered manner, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0057] In order to make the pulse rock breaking drill bit provided in the present application easy to disassemble and connect with the pulse rock breaking drill rig, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned insulating seat 10 is also provided with a corresponding connecting screw hole, so as to facilitate the bolt to pass through the connecting screw hole to be detachably connected to the drill rod of the pulse rock breaking drill rig.

[0058] This embodiment also provides a pulse rock-breaking drill rig, which includes the aforementioned pulse rock-breaking drill bit. This pulse rock-breaking drill rig can improve rock-breaking performance. Since the structure and beneficial effects of the aforementioned pulse rock-breaking drill bit have been described in detail above, they will not be repeated here.

[0059] The foregoing description is merely an optional embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

Claims

1. A pulse rock breaking drill bit, characterized in that: The device comprises an insulating base, an annular electrode, and a central electrode, wherein the annular electrode and the central electrode are respectively connected to the same side of the insulating base, the central electrode is located at the center of the annular electrode, the annular electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode nested together, the additional voltage value of the second electrode is greater than the additional voltage value of the first electrode, and the insulating base is further provided with an electrolyte channel for passing electrolyte; The second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes respectively connected to the insulating base, and the plurality of second sub-electrodes are distributed on the insulating base in a ring shape; The first electrode includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes respectively connected to the insulating base, the plurality of first sub-electrodes are distributed in a ring shape on the insulating base, and the second sub-electrodes and the first sub-electrodes are staggered; The annular electrode further includes a second electrode base connected to the insulating base, the central electrode is connected to the center of the second electrode base, and a plurality of second sub-electrodes are arranged on the second electrode base with the central electrode as the center; The center position of the second electrode holder is provided with a protrusion extending outward, and the center electrode is connected to the protrusion; The electrolyte channels include a plurality of electrolyte channels, and the plurality of electrolyte channels are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the protrusion, so that the electrolyte is radially ejected from the electrolyte channels.

2. The pulse rock breaking drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode is sleeved outside the second electrode.

3. The pulse rock breaking drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of second sub-electrodes are radially arranged with the central electrode as the center.

4. The pulse rock breaking drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the central electrode away from the insulating seat, one end of the second sub-electrode away from the insulating seat, and one end of the first electrode away from the insulating seat are respectively arranged flush, and the electrolyte channel is arranged on the protrusion.

5. The pulse rock breaking drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protrusion gradually converges from the first electrode seat toward a direction away from the first electrode seat.

6. The pulse rock breaking drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode further includes a first electrode seat, which is arranged in a ring shape, and a plurality of the first sub-electrodes are evenly distributed on the first electrode seat, and the first electrode seat is connected to the insulating seat.

7. A pulse rock drilling rig, characterized in that: A pulse rock breaking drill bit comprising the pulse rock breaking drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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