On-load tap changer online monitoring method, device and system

Abstract

The present application relates to a method, device, and system for online monitoring of an on-load tap changer. The method comprises: obtaining operating data collected by a collection device on the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters of the on-load tap changer; performing fault diagnosis on the on-load tap changer based on the operating data to obtain a fault diagnosis result; and determining the fault mode and faulty component of the on-load tap changer based on the fault diagnosis result. During the entire monitoring process, the method collects various data reflecting the operating status of the on-load tap changer and then determines the operating status based on these data. This method comprehensively considers the impact of multiple factors on the operating status of the on-load tap changer, which is beneficial for improving the accuracy of the judgment result of the operating status of the on-load tap changer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of online monitoring of electrical equipment, and in particular to a method, device and system for online monitoring of on-load tap changers. Background Art

[0002] An on-load tap-changer is a voltage-regulating device that operates when the transformer is energized or under load, changing the tapping and connection position of the transformer's windings. During operation, the on-load tap-changer must be operated frequently to meet the transformer's operational requirements. Online monitoring of the on-load tap-changer's operating status is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of power systems.

[0003] Traditional on-load tapchanger online monitoring methods determine the operating status of the on-load tapchanger by collecting vibration signals generated during operation. However, during actual operation, the vibration signals of the on-load tapchanger may be affected by the external environment, which directly affects the accuracy of the operating status judgment. Therefore, traditional on-load tapchanger online monitoring methods suffer from the disadvantage of inaccurate judgment results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an on-load tap changer online monitoring method, device and system to address the above technical problems, so as to improve the accuracy of the on-load tap changer operating status judgment results.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an on-load tap changer online monitoring method, comprising:

[0006] Acquiring operating data collected by a collection device on the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters of the on-load tap changer;

[0007] performing fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer according to the operating data to obtain a fault diagnosis result;

[0008] According to the fault diagnosis result, a faulty component and a fault mode of the on-load tap changer are determined.

[0009] In one embodiment, the operating data includes insulating oil monitoring data and operating status monitoring data, the fault diagnosis result includes fault nature and fault type, and the on-load tap changer fault diagnosis is performed based on the operating data to obtain the fault diagnosis result, including:

[0010] Performing fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer based on the insulating oil monitoring data and a preset algorithm to determine the nature of the fault;

[0011] According to the operating status monitoring data, fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer is performed based on a multi-parameter fault diagnosis algorithm to obtain the fault type.

[0012] In one embodiment, the insulating oil monitoring data includes gas and trace water content data in the insulating oil; the operating status monitoring data includes gear sensor position data, motor current data, vibration data, speed data, oil level data, oil temperature data and trigger signal data.

[0013] In one embodiment, the preset algorithm includes a three-ratio method, an intelligent algorithm based on PSO-SVM and / or an intelligent algorithm based on case reasoning.

[0014] In one embodiment, the multi-parameter tap changer fault diagnosis algorithm includes a fault diagnosis algorithm based on preventive testing and confidence guarantee, and / or a fault diagnosis algorithm combining clustering with SVM.

[0015] In one embodiment, after determining the faulty component and fault mode of the on-load tap changer according to the fault diagnosis result, the method further includes:

[0016] The health status of the on-load tap changer is evaluated based on the operating data, the faulty component and the fault mode, and an evaluation result is output.

[0017] In one embodiment, the evaluating the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the operating data, the faulty component, and the fault mode, and outputting the evaluation result, includes:

[0018] Acquiring the type and warning value of the corresponding parameter according to the operating data, performing a quantitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer according to the type and warning value of each parameter, and outputting the assessment result;

[0019] A qualitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer is performed based on the faulty component and the fault mode, and an assessment result is output.

[0020] In one embodiment, the acquiring the type and warning value of the corresponding parameter according to the operating data, performing a quantitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer according to the type and warning value of each parameter, and outputting the assessment result includes:

[0021] According to the operating data, obtaining the type and warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data;

[0022] determining a degradation level of the parameter according to the operating data and a warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data;

[0023] Determine the deduction value of each parameter based on its type and degradation level;

[0024] According to the maximum value of the deduction points of the parameters, a quantitative evaluation result of the health status of the on-load tap changer is determined and output.

[0025] In a second aspect of the present application, an on-load tap changer online monitoring device is provided, comprising:

[0026] A data acquisition module is used to acquire operating data collected by a collection device on the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters of the on-load tap changer;

[0027] a fault diagnosis module, configured to perform fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer based on the operating data and obtain a fault diagnosis result;

[0028] The fault mode and fault component determination module is used to determine the fault component and fault mode of the on-load tap changer according to the fault diagnosis result.

[0029] In a third aspect of the present application, a system for online monitoring of an on-load tap changer is provided, comprising a data acquisition device and a controller. The data acquisition device is connected to the on-load tap changer and is configured to acquire operating data of the on-load tap changer, wherein the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters. The controller is connected to the data acquisition device and is configured to perform online monitoring of the on-load tap changer according to the above-described method.

[0030] The above-described on-load tapchanger online monitoring method acquires operating data by collecting data on various parameters of the on-load tapchanger. Based on this collected operating data, fault diagnosis of the on-load tapchanger is performed to obtain a diagnosis result. Finally, based on the diagnosis result, the fault mode and faulty component of the on-load tapchanger are determined. Throughout the monitoring process, a variety of data reflecting the operating status of the on-load tapchanger are collected, and the operating status is determined based on this data. This comprehensively considers the impact of multiple factors on the operating status of the on-load tapchanger, which helps improve the accuracy of the on-load tapchanger operating status determination result. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of an on-load tap changer online monitoring method according to an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2 FIG1 is a flow chart of performing fault diagnosis of an on-load tap changer based on operating data and obtaining a fault diagnosis result in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of an on-load tap changer online monitoring method according to another embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4A schematic diagram of a flow chart for evaluating the health status of an on-load tap changer based on operating data, fault modes, and faulty components, and outputting the evaluation results, in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment for obtaining the type and standard value of corresponding parameters based on operating data, performing a quantitative assessment of the health status of an on-load tap changer based on the type and standard value of each parameter, and outputting the assessment result;

[0036] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of an on-load tap changer online monitoring device according to one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural block diagram of an on-load tap changer online monitoring device in another embodiment;

[0038] Figure 8 is a structural block diagram of an on-load tap changer online monitoring system according to one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of an on-load tap changer online monitoring system in another embodiment;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a front view of a main box of an on-load tap-changer online monitoring system according to one embodiment;

[0041] Figure 11 It is a left side view of a main box of an on-load tap-changer online monitoring system according to one embodiment;

[0042] Figure 12 A top view of a main box of an on-load tap-changer online monitoring system in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 13 is a front view of a mounting bracket in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 14 is a left side view of a mounting bracket in one embodiment;

[0045] Figure 15 A front view of the installation position of an on-load tap changer online monitoring system according to one embodiment;

[0046] Figure 16 A top view of the installation position of an on-load tap changer online monitoring system according to one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 17 It is a left side view of the installation position of the on-load tap changer online monitoring system in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings provide embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. At the same time, the term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0050] In the first aspect of the present application, a method for online monitoring of an on-load tap changer is provided, which is applied to a transformer system in which an on-load tap changer is installed. The on-load tap changer includes a vacuum on-load tap changer and an oil on-load tap changer. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific type of the on-load tap changer. Figure 1 The on-load tap changer online monitoring method includes steps S200 to S600.

[0051] Step S200: Acquire the operating data of the on-load tap changer collected by the collection device.

[0052] The acquisition equipment includes various types of sensors and monitoring devices, used to collect data on various parameters of the on-load tap changer and transmit the collected data to the controller after conditioning. In one embodiment, the acquisition equipment includes a gear position sensor, a current Hall effect sensor, a vibration sensor, a speed sensor, an oil level sensor, an oil temperature sensor, a motor trigger signal acquisition device, and a device for monitoring dissolved gas concentration and moisture in the insulating oil. It will be understood that the operating data of the on-load tap changer acquired by the controller includes collected values ​​of multiple parameters that can reflect the operating status of the on-load tap changer. By comprehensively analyzing this operating data, the operating status and fault information of the on-load tap changer can be determined.

[0053] Step S400: performing fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer according to the operating data to obtain a fault diagnosis result.

[0054] Specifically, depending on the type of operating data collected by the acquisition equipment, the controller may perform fault diagnosis after synchronously processing the operating data to obtain a diagnostic result; or further perform data conditioning to obtain data that meets the fault diagnosis requirements and then perform fault diagnosis to obtain a diagnostic result. The fault diagnosis result may include the diagnosis result of the current operating fault and the diagnosis result of the potential fault. Diagnosing the current operating fault is conducive to targeted maintenance to restore the on-load tapchanger to normal operation; diagnosing potential faults can predict the operating status of the on-load tapchanger in advance and issue accident warnings. For example, when the number of tap changes of the on-load tapchanger reaches the overhaul number threshold, the current on-load tapchanger can still operate without fault, but there will be a greater potential fault risk. At this time, through potential fault diagnosis, the staff is reminded to perform core inspection and maintenance, which is conducive to reducing potential risks.

[0055] Furthermore, when the fault diagnosis result is no fault, the process returns to step S200 , and the controller re-acquires the operating data collected by the collection device on the on-load tap changer to perform the next round of fault diagnosis.

[0056] Due to the varying parameter types of specific operating data, the controller's on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis methods vary accordingly. The following uses trigger signal data as an example. When the on-load tap-changer operates, the controller acquires trigger signal data from the acquisition device and compares it with standard data. This analysis derives the electrical life of the on-load tap-changer and, in turn, the wear status of the switch contacts, enabling fault diagnosis and a diagnostic result.

[0057] It is understood that the various types of operating data described above can independently or collaboratively reflect the operating conditions of the on-load tap changer. In one embodiment, the operating data includes insulating oil monitoring data and operating status monitoring data, and the fault diagnosis results include the nature of the fault and the type of fault. The controller performs fault diagnosis on the on-load tap changer based on the operating data to obtain the fault diagnosis results, including: performing fault diagnosis on the on-load tap changer based on a preset algorithm based on the insulating oil monitoring data to obtain the nature of the fault; and performing fault diagnosis on the on-load tap changer based on a multi-parameter fault diagnosis algorithm based on the operating status monitoring data to obtain the type of fault. In one embodiment, the insulating oil monitoring data includes data on the gas and trace water content in the insulating oil, and the operating status monitoring data includes position data, motor current data, vibration data, speed data, oil level data, oil temperature data, and trigger signal data.

[0058] Step S600: Determine the fault component and fault mode of the on-load tap changer according to the fault diagnosis result.

[0059] Common faults of on-load tapchangers include: increased impurities in the insulating oil, oil leakage, oil-free switching, poor contact, prolonged switching times, or inability to complete switching. Faulty components and failure modes of on-load tapchangers include: worn switch contacts; damage to electrical connectors, cables, and contact points; oil leakage from switch seals and gaskets; excessive contact resistance in the switch circuit; damage to the switch transition resistor; fatigue and vacuum bubble damage in the energy storage spring. Specifically, on-load tapchanger fault diagnosis is performed based on operating data containing collected values ​​of various types of parameters. Once the fault diagnosis results are obtained, the faulty component and failure mode of the on-load tapchanger can be determined based on the fault diagnosis results.

[0060] Furthermore, after completing the online monitoring of the on-load tap changer, the process also includes outputting the monitoring results. Specifically, the monitoring results can be in the form of sound, light, or a combination of sound and light, or text. When outputting the monitoring results in the form of sound, light, or a combination of sound and light, different sounds or lights of different colors can represent the severity of the fault. When outputting the monitoring results in the form of text, the monitoring results can include the faulty component and fault mode, and can also include the fault diagnosis results obtained in step S400. The output object of the monitoring results can be a display or a terminal. The terminal can be a server, a tablet, or a mobile phone.

[0061] The above-described on-load tapchanger online monitoring method acquires operating data by collecting data on various parameters of the on-load tapchanger. Based on this collected operating data, fault diagnosis of the on-load tapchanger is performed to obtain a diagnosis result. Finally, based on the diagnosis result, the fault mode and faulty component of the on-load tapchanger are determined. Throughout the monitoring process, a variety of data reflecting the operating status of the on-load tapchanger are collected, and the operating status is determined based on this data. This comprehensively considers the impact of multiple factors on the operating status of the on-load tapchanger, which helps improve the accuracy of the on-load tapchanger operating status determination result.

[0062] In one embodiment, the operation data includes insulating oil monitoring data and operation status monitoring data, and the fault diagnosis result includes fault nature and fault type. Figure 2 , step S400 includes step S420 and step S440.

[0063] Step S420: performing fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer based on the insulating oil monitoring data and a preset algorithm to obtain the nature of the fault.

[0064] Specifically, by analyzing the insulating oil monitoring data, monitoring data related to the insulating oil can be obtained, and then the fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer can be performed through a preset algorithm to determine whether it is an overheating fault, a discharge fault, or a discharge and overheating fault, and whether the overheating fault is a low-temperature, medium-temperature, or high-temperature overheating fault, and whether the discharge fault is a high-energy or low-energy discharge fault.

[0065] In one embodiment, the insulating oil monitoring data includes data on the gas and water content in the insulating oil. Dissolved gases in the insulating oil include H2, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C2H2, and the like. Oil chromatography analysis can be used to determine the content of these gases and water in the insulating oil.

[0066] In one embodiment, the preset algorithm includes a three-ratio method, an intelligent algorithm based on PSO (Particle swarm optimization)-SVM (support vector machines), and / or an intelligent algorithm based on case reasoning. The three-ratio method is a commonly used method for fault diagnosis of oil-filled electrical equipment. The specific principle is: based on the mutual dependence of the relative concentration of the gas component content generated by the decomposition of the insulating oil in the on-load tap changer and the temperature, gases with similar solubility and diffusion coefficients are combined in pairs to form three pairs of gas content ratios, and then fault diagnosis is performed based on the preset coding and fault judgment rules to obtain the nature of the fault. Due to the complex process conditions of the on-load tap changer during actual operation, the use of only the three-ratio method for fault diagnosis has the problem of insufficient accuracy and universality. Using an intelligent algorithm based on PSO-SVM and an intelligent algorithm based on case reasoning as a supplement to the three-ratio method is conducive to improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer.

[0067] The specific process for applying a PSO-SVM-based intelligent algorithm to on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis is as follows: Based on insulating oil monitoring data, a particle swarm optimization algorithm with improved global solution performance is first used to solve the optimal parameters that affect the support vector machine classification and detection performance. These optimal parameters are then applied to a support vector machine algorithm, which excels at pattern recognition, to train sample data and construct a fault diagnosis model. Finally, the fault diagnosis model is used to diagnose on-load tap-changer faults. The specific process for applying a case-based reasoning intelligent algorithm to on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis is as follows: a case library is first established based on historical fault diagnosis results. Then, based on currently acquired insulating oil monitoring data, the case library is searched for fault diagnosis and the fault type is confirmed. Furthermore, the aforementioned multiple fault diagnosis algorithms can be used singly or in combination to determine the fault diagnosis result.

[0068] Step S440: performing fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer based on the operating status monitoring data and a multi-parameter fault diagnosis algorithm to obtain the fault type.

[0069] Specifically, the operating status monitoring data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters that can reflect the operating status of the on-load tap changer. Based on this data, a multi-parameter fault diagnosis algorithm is used to diagnose faults of the on-load tap changer, thereby determining the type of fault and providing a basis for identifying the faulty component of the on-load tap changer.

[0070] In one embodiment, operating status monitoring data includes gear sensor position data, motor current data, vibration data, speed data, oil level data, oil temperature data, and trigger signal data. Based on this data reflecting the operating status and fault conditions of the on-load tap changer, fault diagnosis is performed using a multi-parameter tap changer diagnostic algorithm. This allows real-time capture of current and potential fault information, identifies the fault type, and provides irreplaceable data support for tap changer maintenance and condition-based inspection.

[0071] In one embodiment, a multi-parameter tap changer fault diagnosis algorithm includes a fault diagnosis algorithm based on preventive testing and trustworthiness, and / or a fault diagnosis algorithm combining clustering with SVM. The specific process of the fault diagnosis algorithm based on preventive testing and trustworthiness is as follows: preventive test data that can reflect the operating status and fault conditions of the on-load tap changer is used as system input, and the fault type is diagnosed by extracting key signals and data of the on-load tap changer (including data based on preventive test procedure requirements) and combining it with a threshold diagnosis algorithm based on fuzzy relationship theory data and a tap changer diagnosis algorithm combined with a support vector machine. The fault diagnosis algorithm combining clustering with SVM is also a self-learning algorithm. It analyzes the clustering statistical characteristics of the operating data through a fuzzy clustering algorithm, divides more complex fault classes into multiple fault subsets, generates a decision binary tree, and then designs a combination strategy of SVM according to the structure of the decision binary tree to achieve fault type diagnosis.

[0072] In the above embodiment, different algorithms are used to perform fault diagnosis based on different operating data to determine the fault nature and type of the on-load tap changer. This can capture current and potential fault information of the on-load tap changer in real time, improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis, enrich the information content of the fault diagnosis results, and provide irreplaceable data support for the maintenance and condition-based inspection of the tap changer.

[0073] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , after step S600, it also includes step S800.

[0074] Step S800: Evaluate the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the operating data, faulty components, and fault modes, and output the evaluation results.

[0075] Specifically, after determining the faulty component and fault mode of the on-load tap changer based on the fault diagnosis results, the current fault information for each component and information about potential faults can be listed. Based on this fault information and preset health status assessment criteria, the controller then performs a health status assessment on the on-load tap changer and outputs the assessment results. The controller can output the assessment results via wired or wireless communication. The target of the output of the assessment results can be a display or a terminal. The assessment results can include the on-load tap changer health status assessment results and can also include action recommendations corresponding to the health status assessment results. In short, this embodiment does not limit the output method, output target, or specific content of the assessment results.

[0076] The health status assessment results can be expressed as a specific score or as a health status level. For example, A, B, C, and D can be used to represent different health status levels, with the health status gradually deteriorating from A to D. Level A indicates that the on-load tapchanger is operating normally; Level B indicates that the on-load tapchanger's performance has changed, but it can continue to operate for a preset period; Level C indicates that the on-load tapchanger's performance has changed significantly and it can continue to operate at present, but it cannot maintain the preset period; Level D indicates that the on-load tapchanger is unavailable or may fail in the short term. It is understood that the above-mentioned preset period can be 30 days or other time lengths, set according to the time conditions of the on-load tapchanger. This embodiment does not limit the length of the preset period.

[0077] Furthermore, corresponding action recommendations can be output for different health status levels. For example, when the health status of the on-load tapchanger is B, an action recommendation can be output to increase the intensity and frequency of monitoring, and the operation and maintenance department and relevant personnel can be notified accordingly. When the health status of the on-load tapchanger is C, a status report and corrective actions can be issued, and a corrective maintenance request can be submitted and included in the work plan. If further testing results indicate that the equipment is stable and there is no sign of further degradation, the next major overhaul can be scheduled. When the health status of the on-load tapchanger is D, a recommendation to deactivate the equipment can be output, and the operation and maintenance department and relevant personnel can be notified to carry out repairs.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the on-load tap changer health status is assessed based on operating data, faulty components, and failure modes, and the assessment results are output. This enables real-time fault and potential fault warnings for the on-load tap changer, minimizes sudden failures of the on-load tap changer, effectively reduces maintenance and overhaul costs for the power supply system, and improves the reliability of the on-load tap changer operation.

[0079] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , step S800 includes step S820 and step S840.

[0080] Step S820: Acquire the type and warning value of the corresponding parameter according to the operating data, perform a quantitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer according to the type and standard value of each parameter, and output the assessment result.

[0081] Specifically, for indicators that can be continuously monitored, these parameters can be classified and their types determined based on their importance. Parameter types can be numbers, letters, or text. For example, "General Category 1 Indicator," "General Category 2 Indicator," "Important Indicator," and "Key Indicator" can be used to indicate increasing importance of parameters. This operating data is then classified into multiple health status levels based on the on-load tap changer's safe operating specifications, operating environment, and industry experience, and the corresponding parameter value ranges for each health status level are defined. Based on the operating data, the controller determines the health status level and parameter type for each parameter. It then performs a quantitative health assessment based on pre-set scoring criteria, determines the on-load tap changer's health assessment score, and outputs the assessment results.

[0082] Step S840: Perform a qualitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the faulty component and the fault mode, and output the assessment result.

[0083] Specifically, for indicators that cannot be continuously monitored, the controller performs a qualitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the number of faulty components and the severity of the fault, and outputs the assessment results. Below, A, B, C, and D are still used to represent different health status levels, and the health status deteriorates from A to D. Level A can indicate no defects; Level B can indicate the discovery of one defect; Level C can indicate the discovery of two defects; Level D can indicate the discovery of three or more defects, or the discovery of repeated defects within the same acquisition cycle, or the discovery of equipment unavailability. Among them, the defects mentioned above are defects that significantly affect the function of the switch, and the number of defects is determined by the controller based on the faulty components and failure mode.

[0084] In the above embodiment, quantitative or qualitative health status assessment is performed according to parameter types of different operating data, which can maximize the detection and prevention of sudden failures of the on-load tap changer and improve the reliability of the on-load tap changer operation.

[0085] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , step S820 includes steps S821 to S824.

[0086] Step S821: According to the operating data, obtain the type and warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data.

[0087] As mentioned above, parameters can be categorized and assigned a parameter type based on their importance. Parameter types can be numbers, letters, or text. For example, "General Category 1 Indicator," "General Category 2 Indicator," "Important Indicator," and "Key Indicator" can represent increasing parameter importance. Warning values ​​can include lower and upper warning limits, corresponding to the upper and lower limits of the standard value range.

[0088] Step S822: Determine the degradation level of the parameter based on the operating data and the warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data.

[0089] The parameter degradation level can correspond to the health status level described above, and the degradation level corresponding to each parameter can be distinguished by a preset numerical range. For ease of understanding, A, B, C, and D are used to represent different degradation levels, and the situation from A to D represents increasingly worse health status is explained. Level A can indicate that the parameter is within the standard value range, or slightly deviates from the standard value range, but the difference with the warning value is greater than the first preset threshold; Level B can indicate that the difference between the parameter value and the warning value is less than the first preset threshold but greater than the second preset threshold, where the second preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold, that is, the parameter value is close to the warning value; Level C can indicate that the difference between the parameter value and the warning value is less than the second preset threshold, that is, the parameter value is closer to the warning value than the parameter value corresponding to Level B; Level D can indicate that the parameter value reaches the warning value, that is, if it is not controlled, the health status will continue to deteriorate, thereby causing a major failure.

[0090] Step S823: Determine the deduction value of each parameter according to the type and degradation level of each parameter.

[0091] Specifically, the higher the importance of the corresponding parameter and the worse the degradation level, the higher the deduction value. Table 1 below shows the deduction criteria for different degradation levels for various parameter types in one embodiment. It should be understood that the above deduction criteria are not limited to the values ​​in Table 1; different parameter types, degradation levels, and deduction values ​​can be set based on actual conditions. This embodiment does not limit the parameter types, degradation levels, or specific deduction values. Furthermore, the parameter types and deduction criteria can be determined based on the characteristics of the equipment connected to the on-load tap changer.

[0092] Table 1: Deduction criteria for different degradation levels for each type of parameter

[0093] Degradation level General Class 1 indicators General Category 2 indicators Important indicators Key Metrics A 2 4 6 8 B 4 8 12 16 C 8 16 24 32 D 10 20 30 40

[0094] Step S824: Determine and output the quantitative evaluation result of the on-load tap changer health status based on the maximum value of the deduction points of each parameter.

[0095] Specifically, the score of the quantitative evaluation result is determined according to the short board principle, that is, the monitoring task with the largest deduction value is selected as the result of the quantitative evaluation and output.

[0096] In the above embodiment, when performing the quantitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer, the importance and degradation degree of each parameter are comprehensively considered, and the quantitative assessment result is determined according to the weak link principle, which can improve the accuracy of the assessment result.

[0097] It should be understood that, although the various steps in each flow chart that the above-described embodiment relates to are shown in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless clearly stated herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in each flow chart that the above-described embodiment relates to can include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily performed in sequence, but can be performed in turn or alternately with at least a portion of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0098] In a second aspect of the present application, an on-load tap changer online monitoring device is provided. In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 The device includes: a data acquisition module 20, used to acquire operating data collected by a collection device on the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters of the on-load tap changer; a fault diagnosis module 40, used to perform fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer based on the operating data and obtain a fault diagnosis result; a fault mode and fault component determination module 60, used to determine the fault component and fault mode of the on-load tap changer based on the fault diagnosis result.

[0099] In one embodiment, the operating data includes insulating oil monitoring data and operating status monitoring data, and the fault diagnosis result includes the fault nature and fault type. The diagnostic module 40 includes a fault nature determination unit and a fault type determination unit. The fault nature determination unit is configured to perform fault diagnosis on the on-load tap changer based on the insulating oil monitoring data and a preset algorithm to determine the fault nature. The fault type determination unit is configured to perform fault diagnosis on the on-load tap changer based on the operating status monitoring data and a multi-parameter fault diagnosis algorithm to determine the fault type.

[0100] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 7The device further includes: a health status assessment module 80, which is used to assess the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the operating data, faulty components and fault modes, and output the assessment result.

[0101] In one embodiment, the health status assessment module 80 includes a quantitative assessment unit and a qualitative assessment unit. The quantitative assessment unit is configured to obtain the type and warning value of the corresponding parameter based on the operating data, perform a quantitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the type and warning value of each parameter, and output the assessment result. The qualitative assessment unit is configured to perform a qualitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the faulty component and fault mode, and output the assessment result.

[0102] In one embodiment, the quantitative evaluation unit is specifically configured to: obtain, based on the operating data, the type and warning value of a parameter corresponding to the operating data; determine, based on the operating data and the warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data, a degradation level of the parameter; determine, based on the degradation level and type of each parameter, a deduction value for each parameter; and determine and output a quantitative evaluation result of the health status of the on-load tap changer based on the maximum value of the deduction value for each parameter.

[0103] The specific definitions of the on-load tapchanger online monitoring device can be found in the definitions of the on-load tapchanger online monitoring method described above and will not be further elaborated here. Each module in the above-described on-load tapchanger online monitoring device can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each of these modules can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in a computer device memory in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0104] In the third aspect of this application, an on-load tap changer online monitoring system is provided. Figure 8 The system includes a data collection device 100 and a controller 200. The data collection device 100 is connected to the on-load tap changer and is used to collect operating data of the on-load tap changer. The operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters. The controller 200 is connected to the data collection device 100 and is used to implement the on-load tap changer online monitoring method described in the above embodiment.

[0105] The acquisition device 100 includes various types of sensing devices and monitoring devices for collecting various types of parameters of the on-load tap changer and sending the collected data to the controller after conditioning. Figure 9The data acquisition device 100 includes a gear position sensor 110, a current Hall effect sensor 120, a vibration sensor 130, a speed sensor 140, an oil level sensor 150, an oil temperature sensor 160, a motor trigger signal acquisition device 170, and a device 180 for monitoring dissolved gas concentration and moisture in insulating oil. The motor trigger signal acquisition device 170 includes a relay. In one embodiment, the oil temperature sensor 160 is a P100 temperature sensor. After each data acquisition device 100 collects the corresponding signal and performs necessary conditioning, the resulting operating data is sent to the controller 200, which then performs online monitoring of the on-load tap changer based on this operating data.

[0106] In one embodiment, the controller includes a data conditioning module 210 and a central processing module 220. Depending on the type of operating data, the data conditioning module 210 either synchronously processes the operating data and then sends it to the central processing module 220, or further conditions the data to obtain data that meets the interface protocol of the central processing module 220 and then sends it to the central processing module 220. The central processing module 220 then performs on-load tap changer fault diagnosis based on a preset algorithm, obtains a diagnosis result, and determines the faulty component and fault mode of the on-load tap changer based on the fault diagnosis result.

[0107] In one embodiment, the data conditioning module 210 includes a data acquisition unit 211, a serial port unit 212, a comparison unit 213, and an I / O port 214. The data acquisition unit 211 is used to synchronously process the operating data and then transmit it to the central processing module 220; the serial port unit 212 is used to perform necessary conversions on the operating data and transmit the operating data to the central processing module 220; and the comparison unit 213 is used to compare the trigger signal data collected by the motor trigger signal acquisition device 170 with standard data to obtain an electrical life signal of the on-load tap changer, which is then transmitted to the central processing module 220. Furthermore, the motor trigger data sent by the motor trigger signal acquisition device 170 is analyzed by the comparison unit to obtain an electrical life signal, which is then transmitted to the central processing module 220. Furthermore, the motor trigger data sent by the motor trigger signal acquisition device 170 is directly transmitted to the central processing module 220 via the I / O port 214 for comprehensive diagnosis of the operating status.

[0108] In one embodiment, the serial port unit 212 includes a 485 / 232 serial port conversion unit and a serial port. The position data sent by the gear position sensor 11 is converted by the 485 / 232 serial port conversion unit and then sent to the central processing module 220 through the serial port.

[0109] In one embodiment, the controller 200 further includes a communication module 230 for outputting online monitoring results of the on-load tap changer. Specifically, the communication module 230 may include a network card 231 and a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) module 232 to meet different communication requirements.

[0110] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 10 to 12 , provides a structural diagram of the main box of the on-load tap changer online monitoring system, the main box includes a controller 200 and some acquisition equipment 100, through Figures 13 and 14 The mounting bracket shown is installed on the base of the on-load tap-changer. By combining the main box and the mounting bracket, the on-load tap-changer online monitoring system can be quickly installed on site. Figure 15-17 This figure shows the installation location of the on-load tap changer online monitoring system. As shown in the figure, the main chassis of the on-load tap changer online monitoring system is mounted on the base of the on-load tap changer via a mounting bracket. After installation, the main chassis is located below the tap changer operating box. A current Hall effect sensor 12 is installed in the tap changer operating box. It collects the drive motor current in real time at a preset period, calculates the effective value in segments, and calculates the average value to obtain motor current data. The controller 200 then compares the motor current data with the normal threshold for fault diagnosis. An oil level sensor 150 is installed on the top of the on-load tap changer. An oil temperature sensor 160 and a vibration sensor 130 are installed on the tap changer head cover. An oil extraction pipe, connected to the switch S pipe, is used to extract the insulating oil from the on-load tap changer diverter switch. The oil extraction pipe delivers the extracted insulating oil to the insulating oil dissolved gas concentration and trace water monitoring device 180. The device 180 monitors the dissolved gas concentration and water content in the insulating oil, separating the oil and gas and analyzing the dissolved gas and water content. The analyzed insulating oil is then returned to the on-load tap-changer through the oil return line and the switch Q. This infinitely fast oil circulation circuit enables real-time monitoring of the dissolved gas concentration and water content in the on-load tap-changer's insulating oil.

[0111] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0112] The above examples merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for online monitoring of an on-load tap changer, characterized in that: include: Acquiring operating data collected by a collection device on the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters of the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes insulating oil monitoring data and operating status monitoring data; Based on the insulating oil monitoring data, a particle swarm algorithm with improved global solution performance is used to solve the optimal parameters that affect the classification and detection performance of the support vector machine; Applying the optimal parameters to a support vector machine algorithm, training sample data, and building a fault diagnosis model; Performing fault diagnosis on the on-load tap changer using the fault diagnosis model to obtain fault properties, wherein the fault properties include overheating fault, discharge fault, and discharge and overheating fault; Performing fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer based on the operating status monitoring data and a multi-parameter fault diagnosis algorithm to capture current fault information and potential fault information of the on-load tap changer in real time and obtain the fault type; determining a fault component and a fault mode of the on-load tap changer according to a fault diagnosis result; The fault diagnosis result includes the fault type and the fault nature; For continuously monitored operating parameters, obtaining the type and warning value of the corresponding parameter according to the operating data, performing a quantitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer according to the type and warning value of each parameter, and outputting the assessment result; For the operating parameters that cannot be continuously monitored, a qualitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer is performed according to the number of the faulty components and the fault severity corresponding to the fault mode, and an assessment result is output.

2. The on-load tap changer online monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the fault diagnosis result is no fault, the method returns to the step of obtaining the operating data collected by the collection device on the on-load tap changer to perform the next round of fault diagnosis.

3. The on-load tap changer online monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insulating oil monitoring data includes the content data of gas and trace water in the insulating oil; the operating status monitoring data includes gear sensor position data, motor current data, vibration data, speed data, oil level data, oil temperature data and trigger signal data.

4. The on-load tap changer online monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The faulty components and failure modes of the on-load tap changer include: wear of the switch contacts; damage to electrical connectors, connecting wires or contact points; oil leakage from the switch's sealing ring or gasket; excessive contact resistance in the switch circuit; damage to the switch's transition resistor; fatigue of the energy storage spring and damage to the vacuum bubble.

5. The on-load tap changer online monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-parameter tap changer fault diagnosis algorithm includes a fault diagnosis algorithm based on preventive testing and trustworthiness, and / or a fault diagnosis algorithm combining clustering with SVM.

6. The on-load tap changer online monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The acquiring the type and warning value of the corresponding parameter according to the operating data, performing a quantitative assessment of the health status of the on-load tap changer according to the type and warning value of each parameter, and outputting the assessment result, includes: According to the operating data, obtaining the type and warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data; determining a degradation level of the parameter according to the operating data and a warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data; Determine the deduction value of each parameter based on its type and degradation level; According to the maximum value of the deduction points of the parameters, a quantitative evaluation result of the health status of the on-load tap changer is determined and output.

7. An on-line monitoring device for an on-load tap changer, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to acquire operating data collected by the acquisition device on the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters of the on-load tap changer; the operating data includes insulating oil monitoring data and operating status monitoring data; a fault diagnosis module configured to, based on the insulating oil monitoring data, use a particle swarm algorithm with improved global solution performance to solve for optimal parameters affecting the classification and detection performance of a support vector machine; apply the optimal parameters to the support vector machine algorithm, perform sample data training, and construct a fault diagnosis model; use the fault diagnosis model to diagnose the fault of the on-load tap changer to determine the nature of the fault; and perform fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer based on the operating status monitoring data and a multi-parameter fault diagnosis algorithm to capture current and potential fault information of the on-load tap changer in real time and determine the type of fault; the fault nature includes overheating fault, discharge fault, and discharge and overheating fault; a fault mode and fault component determination module, configured to determine the fault component and fault mode of the on-load tap changer according to the fault diagnosis result; The fault diagnosis result includes the fault type and the fault nature; a quantitative evaluation unit, configured to obtain, for each continuously monitored indicator, a type and a warning value of a corresponding parameter according to the operating data, perform a quantitative evaluation of the health status of the on-load tap changer according to the type and warning value of each parameter, and output an evaluation result; The qualitative evaluation unit is configured to perform a qualitative evaluation of the health status of the on-load tap changer according to the number of faulty components and the fault severity corresponding to the fault mode for indicators that cannot be continuously monitored, and output an evaluation result.

8. The on-load tap changer online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fault diagnosis module is also used for: When the fault diagnosis result is no fault, the method returns to the step of obtaining the operating data collected by the collection device on the on-load tap changer to perform the next round of fault diagnosis.

9. The on-load tap changer online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The quantitative evaluation unit is specifically used for: According to the operating data, obtaining the type and warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data; determining a degradation level of the parameter according to the operating data and a warning value of the parameter corresponding to the operating data; Determine the deduction value of each parameter based on its type and degradation level; According to the maximum value of the deduction points of the parameters, a quantitative evaluation result of the health status of the on-load tap changer is determined and output.

10. An on-load tap changer online monitoring system, characterized in that: The system comprises a collection device and a controller, wherein the collection device is connected to an on-load tap changer and is used to collect operating data of the on-load tap changer, wherein the operating data includes collected values ​​of various types of parameters; and the controller is connected to the collection device and is used to perform online monitoring of the on-load tap changer according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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