Supercritical CO combined with hydrogen production energy storage and fuel cell technology 2 Solar power generation system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a supercritical CO2 solar power generation system and method combining hydrogen production energy storage and fuel cell technology. The outlet of the solar collector is connected to the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the inlet of the solar collector is connected to the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the output end of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is connected to the external power grid and the power supply interface of the electrolyzer, the oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer is connected to the oxygen inlet in the carbonate fuel cell system, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen inlet in the carbonate fuel cell system, and the output end of the carbonate fuel cell system is connected to the external power grid. This system and method can integrate the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the electrolytic hydrogen production system, and the carbonate fuel cell system to achieve the storage of solar energy and the stable output of electricity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar power generation system and method, and more particularly to a supercritical CO combined with hydrogen production energy storage and fuel cell technology 2 solar power generation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is an inexhaustible and clean energy source. Since solar thermal power generation can theoretically reach the high temperature of the sun, and as is well known, the higher the temperature, the higher the thermal efficiency, solar thermal power generation has received increasing attention.

[0003] Solar thermal power generation needs to convert light energy into heat energy and then realize thermoelectric conversion through a thermal cycle. Among many thermal cycles currently, the supercritical Brayton cycle is a most advantageous cycle form. New supercritical working fluids such as carbon dioxide, helium, and nitrous oxide have inherent advantages such as large energy density, high heat transfer efficiency, and simple system, which can greatly improve the thermal work conversion efficiency, reduce the equipment volume, and have high economy. Especially when the hot end temperature reaches above 500 °C, the advantages of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle will become more and more obvious with the increase of temperature, and its thermal efficiency will gradually widen the gap with traditional steam cycles or other working fluid cycles.

[0004] However, solar energy not only has periodic changes in daily radiation, but also has seasonal changes in radiation, and is also affected by weather factors such as rain and overcast at any time. Currently, in theory, relatively inexpensive heat storage energy storage can be used to solve the problem of uneven distribution of solar energy day and night, which is also one of the important advantages of solar thermal power generation. However, the thermal cycle hopes to improve the thermal efficiency by increasing the highest temperature of the cycle, and with the increase of the highest temperature, the heat storage temperature also continuously increases, which brings greater difficulties to heat storage materials, heat storage system containers, heat preservation measures, etc.

[0005] Currently, the technologies of electrolytic water hydrogen production and fuel cell technology are becoming increasingly mature. The raw material required for hydrogen production is water, which is non-toxic and pollution-free. The hydrogen and oxygen generated after electrolyzing water can be used as fuels for fuel cells again. After adopting a heat recovery design, the efficiency of carbonate fuel cells can reach more than 60%. If the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, electrolytic hydrogen production system, and carbonate fuel cell system can be combined, not only the efficiency is high, but also the storage of solar energy and the stability of power output can be realized. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and provide a supercritical CO combined with hydrogen production energy storage and fuel cell technology 2Solar power generation system and method, which can integrate a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, an electrolytic hydrogen production system, and a carbonate fuel cell system to achieve the storage of solar energy and the stable output of electricity.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the supercritical CO in the present invention combining hydrogen production energy storage and fuel cell technology 2 The solar power generation system includes a solar collector, a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, a carbonate fuel cell system, and an electrolytic cell. Among them, the outlet of the solar collector is connected to the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the inlet of the solar collector is connected to the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the output end of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is connected to the external power grid and the power supply interface of the electrolytic cell, the oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the oxygen inlet in the carbonate fuel cell system, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the hydrogen inlet in the carbonate fuel cell system, and the output end of the carbonate fuel cell system is connected to the external power grid.

[0008] The supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system includes a gas boiler, a carbon dioxide turbine, a generator, a carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator, a carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator, a precooler, a carbon dioxide main compressor, and a carbon dioxide recompressor. Among them, the outlet of the solar collector is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine, the outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the hot-side inlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator, the hot-side outlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator is connected to the hot-side inlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator, the hot-side outlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide recompressor, and the other path is connected to the carbon dioxide-side inlet of the precooler. The carbon dioxide-side outlet of the precooler is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide main compressor, the outlet of the carbon dioxide main compressor is connected to the cold-side inlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator, the cold-side outlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator and the outlet of the carbon dioxide recompressor are combined through a pipeline and then connected to the cold-side inlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator. The cold-side outlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the inlet of the solar collector, and the other path is connected to the carbon dioxide-side inlet of the gas boiler. The carbon dioxide-side outlet of the gas boiler is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine. The carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the generator shaft, and the two electrodes of the generator are connected to the electrolytic cell.

[0009] The carbonate fuel cell system includes an external air inlet pipe, an external air inlet duct, a carbonate fuel cell, a cathode gas preheater, and a hydrogen preheater;

[0010] The oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the air-oxygen inlet of the gas boiler through a pipe after being combined with the external air inlet pipe. The hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the hydrogen side inlet of the hydrogen preheater. The hydrogen side outlet of the hydrogen preheater is connected to the anode inlet of the carbonate fuel cell. The anode outlet of the carbonate fuel cell is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the gas boiler. The flue gas outlet of the gas boiler is connected to the flue gas side inlet of the hydrogen preheater. The condensate outlet of the hydrogen preheater is connected to the recycled water inlet of the electrolytic cell. The flue gas side outlet of the hydrogen preheater is connected to the external air inlet pipe through a pipe and then connected to the cathode gas inlet of the cathode gas preheater. The cathode gas outlet of the cathode gas preheater is connected to the cathode inlet of the carbonate fuel cell. The cathode outlet of the carbonate fuel cell is connected to the excess gas inlet of the cathode gas preheater. The excess gas outlet of the cathode gas preheater is connected to the external atmosphere.

[0011] It further includes a hydrogen storage tank. Among them, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen side inlet of the hydrogen preheater.

[0012] It further includes an oxygen storage tank. Among them, the oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the inlet of the oxygen storage tank, and the outlet of the oxygen storage tank is connected to the external air inlet pipe through a pipe and then connected to the air-oxygen inlet of the gas boiler.

[0013] A supercritical CO combining hydrogen production, energy storage and fuel cell technologies 2 The solar power generation method includes the following steps:

[0014] When there is sufficient sunlight, the solar collector collects heat, and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system generates electricity using the heat collected by the solar collector. Among them, the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is preferentially supplied to the external power grid. At the same time, the electrolytic cell uses the remaining electric energy to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and stores the hydrogen and oxygen at the same time.

[0015] When there is insufficient sunlight, the solar collector collects heat, and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system generates electricity using the heat collected by the solar collector. All the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is supplied to the external power grid. When the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system cannot meet the demand of the external power grid, the carbonate fuel cell system is started. The carbonate fuel cell system generates electricity using the stored oxygen and hydrogen and transmits the generated electric energy to the external power grid to meet the demand of the external power grid.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The supercritical CO combining hydrogen production, energy storage and fuel cell technologies described in the present invention 2When the solar power generation system and method are in specific operation, when there is sufficient sunlight, the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is preferentially supplied to the external power grid. At the same time, the electrolyzer uses the remaining electric energy to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen. When there is insufficient sunlight and the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system cannot meet the demand of the external power grid, the carbonate fuel cell system uses the stored oxygen and hydrogen to generate electricity and transports the generated electric energy to the external power grid to meet the demand of the external power grid, so as to realize the integration of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the electrolytic hydrogen production system, and the carbonate fuel cell system, realize the storage of solar energy and the stable output of electric power, and the overall comprehensive efficiency of the system is higher. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1-1 is a solar collector, 1-2 is a carbon dioxide turbine, 1-3 is a generator, 1-4 is a carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator, 1-5 is a carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator, 1-6 is a precooler, 1-7 is a carbon dioxide main compressor, 1-8 is a carbon dioxide recompressor, 2-1 is a gas boiler, 2-2 is a hydrogen preheater, 2-3 is an electrolyzer, 2-4 is a hydrogen storage tank, 2-5 is a carbonate fuel cell, 2-6 is a cathode gas preheater, and 2-7 is an oxygen storage tank. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0020] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings:

[0021] Refer to Figure 1 , the supercritical CO of the present invention combining hydrogen production energy storage and fuel cell technology 2 The solar power generation system includes a solar collector 1-1, a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, a carbonate fuel cell system, and an electrolyzer 2-3. Among them, the outlet of the solar collector 1-1 is connected to the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the inlet of the solar collector 1-1 is connected to the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the output end of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is connected to the external power grid and the power supply interface of the electrolyzer 2-3, the oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer 2-3 is connected to the oxygen inlet in the carbonate fuel cell system, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer 2-3 is connected to the hydrogen inlet in the carbonate fuel cell system, and the output end of the carbonate fuel cell system is connected to the external power grid.

[0022] The supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system includes a gas boiler 2-1, a carbon dioxide turbine 1-2, a generator 1-3, a carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator 1-4, a carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator 1-5, a pre-cooler 1-6, a carbon dioxide main compressor 1-7 and a carbon dioxide re-compressor 1-8. Among them, the outlet of the solar collector 1-1 is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine 1-2, the outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine 1-2 is connected to the hot-side inlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator 1-4, the hot-side outlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator 1-4 is connected to the hot-side inlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator 1-5, the hot-side outlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator 1-5 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide re-compressor 1-8, and the other path is connected to the carbon dioxide-side inlet of the pre-cooler 1-6. The carbon dioxide-side outlet of the pre-cooler 1-6 is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide main compressor 1-7, the outlet of the carbon dioxide main compressor 1-7 is connected to the cold-side inlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator 1-5, the cold-side outlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator 1-5 and the outlet of the carbon dioxide re-compressor 1-8 are combined through a pipeline and then connected to the cold-side inlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator 1-4. The cold-side outlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator 1-4 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the inlet of the solar collector 1-1, and the other path is connected to the carbon dioxide-side inlet of the gas boiler 2-1. The carbon dioxide-side outlet of the gas boiler 2-1 is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine 1-2. The carbon dioxide turbine 1-2 is shaft-connected to the generator 1-3, and the two electrodes of the generator 1-3 are connected to the electrolytic cell 2-3.

[0023] The carbonate fuel cell system includes an external air inlet pipe, an external air inlet duct, a carbonate fuel cell 2-5, a cathode gas pre-heater 2-6 and a hydrogen pre-heater 2-2; the oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell 2-3 and the external air inlet pipe are combined through a pipeline and then connected to the air-oxygen inlet of the gas boiler 2-1. The hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell 2-3 is connected to the hydrogen-side inlet of the hydrogen pre-heater 2-2. The hydrogen-side outlet of the hydrogen pre-heater 2-2 is connected to the anode inlet of the carbonate fuel cell 2-5. The anode outlet of the carbonate fuel cell 2-5 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the gas boiler 2-1. The flue gas outlet of the gas boiler 2-1 is connected to the flue gas-side inlet of the hydrogen pre-heater 2-2. The condensate outlet of the hydrogen pre-heater 2-2 is connected to the recycled water inlet of the electrolytic cell 2-3. The flue gas-side outlet of the hydrogen pre-heater 2-2 and the external air inlet duct are combined through a pipeline and then connected to the cathode gas inlet of the cathode gas pre-heater 2-6. The cathode gas outlet of the cathode gas pre-heater 2-6 is connected to the cathode inlet of the carbonate fuel cell 2-5. The cathode outlet of the carbonate fuel cell 2-5 is connected to the excess gas inlet of the cathode gas pre-heater 2-6. The excess gas outlet of the cathode gas pre-heater 2-6 is connected to the external atmosphere.

[0024] The present invention further includes a hydrogen storage tank 2-4. Among them, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell 2-3 is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 2-4, and the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 2-4 is communicated with the hydrogen-side inlet of the hydrogen preheater 2-2.

[0025] The present invention further includes an oxygen storage tank 2-7. Among them, the oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell 2-3 is connected to the inlet of the oxygen storage tank 2-7, and the outlet of the oxygen storage tank 2-7 is connected to the air-oxygen inlet of the gas boiler 2-1 through a pipe after merging with the external air inlet pipe.

[0026] The supercritical CO of the present invention combining hydrogen production, energy storage and fuel cell technology 2 The solar power generation method includes the following steps:

[0027] When there is sufficient sunlight, the solar collector 1-1 collects heat, and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system generates electricity using the heat collected by the solar collector 1-1. Among them, the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is preferentially supplied to the external power grid. At the same time, the electrolytic cell 2-3 uses the remaining electric energy to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and stores the hydrogen and oxygen at the same time.

[0028] When there is insufficient sunlight, the solar collector 1-1 collects heat, and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system generates electricity using the heat collected by the solar collector 1-1. All the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is supplied to the external power grid. When the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system cannot meet the demand of the external power grid, the carbonate fuel cell system is started. The carbonate fuel cell system generates electricity using the stored oxygen and hydrogen, and transmits the generated electric energy to the external power grid to meet the demand of the external power grid.

[0029] Specifically, when there is sufficient sunlight, the high-pressure and low-temperature carbon dioxide gas is heated in the solar collector 1-1, and then enters the carbon dioxide turbine 1-2 to do work. The low-pressure carbon dioxide gas after doing work releases heat in the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator 1-4, and then enters the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator 1-5 to continue releasing heat. Subsequently, it is divided into two paths. Among them, one path enters the carbon dioxide recompressor 1-8 to be compressed, and the other path is continuously cooled in the pre-cooler 1-6. The cooled carbon dioxide gas enters the carbon dioxide main compressor 1-7 to be compressed. The compressed carbon dioxide gas enters the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator 1-5 to be preheated. The preheated carbon dioxide gas converges with the gas compressed by the carbon dioxide recompressor 1-8 and then enters the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator 1-4 to absorb heat, and then enters the solar collector 1-1 to be heated to an ideal high temperature, completing the entire carbon dioxide loop cycle.

[0030] When there is sufficient sunlight, the electric energy generated by the carbon dioxide turbine 1-2 driving the generator 1-3 is divided into two paths. One path is used to output to the power grid, and the excess electric energy is used to electrolyze water in the electrolytic cell 2-3 to produce hydrogen. The generated hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 2-4, and the generated oxygen is stored in the oxygen storage tank 2-7.

[0031] When there is insufficient sunlight, the high-pressure and low-temperature carbon dioxide gas is divided into two paths. One path enters the solar collector 1-1, and the other path enters the gas boiler 2-1 to be supplementary heated. The heated high-pressure and high-temperature carbon dioxide gas continues to complete the above-mentioned carbon dioxide side cycle and outputs electric energy to the power grid, but stops electrolyzing the water in the electrolytic cell 2-3.

[0032] At the same time, when there is insufficient sunlight, the fuel cell system starts to work to supplement the output of electric energy. At this time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 2-4 starts to be output. First, it enters the hydrogen preheater 2-2 to be preheated, and then enters the anode of the carbonate fuel cell 2-5 for a chemical reaction. Part of the hydrogen reacts to generate water vapor, and part of the carbon dioxide is released in the carbonate fuel cell 2-5. The reaction equation is:

[0033]

[0034] At the same time, the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank 2-7 converges with the air and enters the gas boiler 2-1 to burn with the remaining hydrogen after the anode reaction of the carbonate fuel cell 2-5. Part of the heat is used to heat the high-pressure carbon dioxide. The flue gas enters the hydrogen preheater 2-2 to be cooled. After the water vapor in the flue gas is condensed, it enters the electrolytic cell 2-3 to be recycled. The remaining carbon dioxide and part of the unburned oxygen are mixed with the external air and then enter the cathode gas preheater 2-6 to be reheated. The heated cathode gas enters the cathode of the carbonate fuel cell 2-5 for a chemical reaction. The exhaust gas after the reaction enters the cathode gas preheater 2-6 to release heat and then is discharged. The reaction equation is:

[0035]

[0036] The electric energy output by the carbonate fuel cell 2-5 is used to supplement the solar power generation gap.

[0037] When there is no sunlight, the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system cannot be started, but the fuel cell system can still work alone to supplement part of the electric energy, and the working process is as described above.

[0038] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the object, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supercritical CO2 solar power generation system integrating hydrogen production energy storage and fuel cell technology, characterized in that, it includes a solar collector (1-1), a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, a carbonate fuel cell system and an electrolyzer (2-3). Among them, the outlet of the solar collector (1-1) is connected to the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the inlet of the solar collector (1-1) is connected to the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, the output end of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is connected to the external power grid and the power supply interface of the electrolyzer (2-3), the oxygen outlet of the electrolyzer (2-3) is connected to the oxygen inlet in the carbonate fuel cell system, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer (2-3) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the carbonate fuel cell system, and the output end of the carbonate fuel cell system is connected to the external power grid; The supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system includes a gas boiler (2-1), a carbon dioxide turbine (1-2), a generator (1-3), a carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator (1-4), a carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator (1-5), a precooler (1-6), a carbon dioxide main compressor (1-7) and a carbon dioxide recompressor (1-8). Among them, the outlet of the solar collector (1-1) is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine (1-2), the outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine (1-2) is connected to the hot-side inlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator (1-4), the hot-side outlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator (1-4) is connected to the hot-side inlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator (1-5), the hot-side outlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator (1-5) is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide recompressor (1-8), and the other path is connected to the carbon dioxide-side inlet of the precooler (1-6), the carbon dioxide-side outlet of the precooler (1-6) is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide main compressor (1-7), the outlet of the carbon dioxide main compressor (1-7) is connected to the cold-side inlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator (1-5), the cold-side outlet of the carbon dioxide low-temperature recuperator (1-5) and the outlet of the carbon dioxide recompressor (1-8) are combined through a pipeline and then connected to the cold-side inlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator (1-4), the cold-side outlet of the carbon dioxide high-temperature recuperator (1-4) is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the inlet of the solar collector (1-1), and the other path is connected to the carbon dioxide-side inlet of the gas boiler (2-1), the carbon dioxide-side outlet of the gas boiler (2-1) is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine (1-2), the carbon dioxide turbine (1-2) is shaft-connected to the generator (1-3), and the two electrodes of the generator (1-3) are connected to the electrolyzer (2-3); The carbonate fuel cell system includes an external air inlet pipe, an external air inlet duct, a carbonate fuel cell (2-5), a cathode gas preheater (2-6) and a hydrogen preheater (2-2); The oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell (2-3) is connected to the air-oxygen inlet of the gas boiler (2-1) through a pipe after merging with the external air inlet pipe. The hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell (2-3) is communicated with the hydrogen-side inlet of the hydrogen preheater (2-2). The hydrogen-side outlet of the hydrogen preheater (2-2) is communicated with the anode inlet of the carbonate fuel cell (2-5). The anode outlet of the carbonate fuel cell (2-5) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the gas boiler (2-1). The flue gas outlet of the gas boiler (2-1) is connected to the flue gas-side inlet of the hydrogen preheater (2-2). The condensate outlet of the hydrogen preheater (2-2) is connected to the recycled water inlet of the electrolytic cell (2-3). The flue gas-side outlet of the hydrogen preheater (2-2) is connected to the cathode gas inlet of the cathode gas preheater (2-6) through a pipe after merging with the external air inlet pipe. The cathode gas outlet of the cathode gas preheater (2-6) is connected to the cathode inlet of the carbonate fuel cell (2-5). The cathode outlet of the carbonate fuel cell (2-5) is connected to the excess gas inlet of the cathode gas preheater (2-6). The excess gas outlet of the cathode gas preheater (2-6) is communicated with the external atmosphere; It further includes a hydrogen storage tank (2-4). Among them, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell (2-3) is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (2-4), and the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (2-4) is communicated with the hydrogen-side inlet of the hydrogen preheater (2-2); It further includes an oxygen storage tank (2-7). Among them, the oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell (2-3) is connected to the inlet of the oxygen storage tank (2-7), and the outlet of the oxygen storage tank (2-7) is connected to the air-oxygen inlet of the gas boiler (2-1) through a pipe after merging with the external air inlet pipe.

2. A supercritical CO2 solar power generation method combining hydrogen production, energy storage and fuel cell technologies, characterized in that, The supercritical CO2 solar power generation system combining hydrogen production, energy storage and fuel cell technologies according to claim 1 includes the following steps: When there is sufficient sunlight, the solar collector (1-1) collects heat, and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system generates electricity using the heat collected by the solar collector (1-1). Among them, the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is preferentially supplied to the external power grid. At the same time, the electrolytic cell (2-3) uses the remaining electric energy to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and stores the hydrogen and oxygen at the same time; When there is insufficient sunlight, the solar collector (1-1) collects heat, and the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system generates electricity using the heat collected by the solar collector (1-1). All the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system is supplied to the external power grid. When the electric energy generated by the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system cannot meet the demand of the external power grid, the carbonate fuel cell system is started. The carbonate fuel cell system generates electricity using the stored oxygen and hydrogen and transports the generated electric energy to the external power grid to meet the demand of the external power grid.

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