A large-stroke gas-controlled adjustable air spring

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, and in particular to a large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring. The stroke of the shock absorber used in the existing vehicle suspension system cannot meet the performance requirements of special vehicles. A large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring comprises an air spring body, wherein the air spring body comprises a connecting seat, an upper ball bowl, a lower ball bowl, a lower ball bowl seat, a ball stud, a secondary cylinder assembly, a floating piston assembly, a primary cylinder assembly, a piston rod assembly, a first air chamber and a second air chamber. The secondary cylinder assembly is connected to a dustproof sleeve and an upper end cover is provided with an inflation valve connected to the first air chamber. An exhaust hole is processed at the end of the dustproof sleeve, and a balancing hole is provided at the end of the piston rod assembly. Compressed air is used as an elastic medium to realize energy conversion. The double air chamber structure design not only increases the stroke and stiffness of the air spring, but also can realize stepped vibration reduction and has stepped load-bearing capacity. The present invention has good development prospects in the technical field of shock absorbers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, and in particular to a large-stroke gas-controlled adjustable air spring. Background Art

[0002] An air spring usually refers to a spring that is filled with compressed air in a retractable closed container and uses the elastic effect of air. Existing air springs have the following characteristics: 1. The load is small, usually within 1000N; 2. The rigidity is insufficient, and it is usually used for moving parts, support after the door is opened, and used as an elastic unit of the suspension system; 3. After the existing air spring is produced, its pressure cannot be adjusted, and the characteristic curve formed by its displacement and output force value is fixed.

[0003] For a long time, the mainstream shock absorbers used in special vehicle suspension systems have been hydraulic shock absorbers and oil-gas springs. The corresponding structures are relatively mature, but there are always problems such as fixed damping coefficients, compression and recovery resistance being greatly affected by liquid viscosity, obvious temperature decay, and poor low-temperature performance. In addition, the stroke of hydraulic shock absorbers and oil-gas springs is often limited by the structure, and the ratio of stroke to cylinder inner diameter is small.

[0004] Especially in the vehicle posture adjustment system, the vehicle posture is adjusted by the change of the volume of hydraulic oil in the oil-gas spring, but there are the following defects: the space layout inside the vehicle is limited, which limits the loading oil amount of the oil-gas spring and limits the stroke of the oil-gas spring to a certain extent; and the working medium of the hydraulic system is hydraulic oil. Under the layout restrictions on the vehicle, it is difficult to apply a fast-response vehicle posture adjustment system, resulting in a slow adjustment speed of the oil-gas spring, which fails to meet the adjustment time requirements of the vehicle posture adjustment system.

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the air spring principle is designed and applied in the suspension system to avoid the problems of slow adjustment and limited stroke of oil and gas springs. At present, the demand for large-stroke and high-load shock absorbers is becoming more and more widespread, so it is a direction of development of shock absorber products in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a large-stroke gas-controlled adjustable air spring to solve the problems of fixed damping coefficient and limited travel of the oil-gas spring in the shock absorber used in the existing vehicle suspension system.

[0007] The technical solution is a large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring, comprising an air spring body, wherein the air spring body comprises a connecting seat, an upper ball bowl, a lower ball bowl, a lower ball bowl seat, a ball stud, a secondary cylinder assembly, a floating piston assembly, a primary cylinder assembly and a piston rod assembly;

[0008] The secondary cylinder assembly comprises an upper end cover and a secondary cylinder;

[0009] The first-stage cylinder assembly includes a guide sleeve assembly, a spacer ring, a first-stage cylinder, a pneumatic one-way valve, and a cylinder base;

[0010] The upper end cover, the secondary cylinder, the piston rod assembly and the floating piston assembly form a closed first air chamber;

[0011] The spacer ring, the primary cylinder, the piston rod assembly and the cylinder base form a closed second air chamber, and the air-controlled one-way valve is connected to the second air chamber;

[0012] The secondary cylinder assembly is connected to the dust sleeve and the upper end cover is equipped with an air charging valve, the air charging valve is connected to the first air chamber and is used to charge the first air chamber;

[0013] One end of the dust sleeve connected to the secondary cylinder assembly is processed with a thread and the other end is processed with an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is used to connect to the atmosphere to prevent the formation of instantaneous positive pressure or negative pressure between the dust sleeve and the secondary cylinder assembly;

[0014] The floating piston assembly and the primary cylinder assembly are both assembled on the piston rod assembly, and a secondary cylinder assembly is arranged on the outside. One end of the piston rod assembly is processed with a thread for positioning and installing the ball pin. The other end of the piston rod assembly is provided with a piston, and a balancing hole is provided on the piston for balancing the pressure on both sides of the piston.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the guide sleeve assembly is processed with a thread connected to the first-stage cylinder, and the other end surface is processed with an annular groove, and a buffer pad is installed in the annular groove to prevent collision between the guide sleeve assembly and the floating piston assembly during the retraction of the first-stage cylinder assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the first-stage cylinder is processed with a first step and a first internal thread and the other end is processed with a second internal thread and a second step, a spacer ring is installed at the first step of the first-stage cylinder and is connected to the guide sleeve assembly through the first internal thread, the second internal thread is connected to the cylinder base and the piston rod assembly is positioned through the second step, a threaded hole and a third step are processed on the outside of the first-stage cylinder for positioning and installing the air-controlled one-way valve, the air-controlled one-way valve is connected through the threaded hole, and the air-controlled one-way valve is used to control the inflation and deflation of the second air chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, sealing rings are installed between the inflation valve and the upper end cover, between the upper end cover and the piston rod assembly, between the floating piston assembly and the piston rod assembly, between the floating piston assembly and the secondary cylinder assembly, between the spacer ring and the piston rod assembly, between the spacer ring and the primary cylinder, and between the cylinder base and the primary cylinder to prevent air leakage.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of the secondary cylinder assembly connected to the dustproof sleeve is provided with a thread to be threadedly connected to the dustproof sleeve and a set screw is provided to lock and prevent loosening.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper end cover is fixed to the secondary cylinder by welding.

[0020] Working principle: Pre-charge the first air chamber with gas from the charging valve. Under the action of gas pressure, the floating piston assembly is pushed outward in a straight line along the extension direction of the piston rod assembly, thereby pushing the first-stage cylinder assembly outward in a straight line along the extension direction of the piston rod assembly. When the floating piston assembly moves to the position of contacting the dust sleeve, the floating piston assembly stops moving and cannot continue to push the first-stage cylinder to extend outward. At this time, the second air chamber is charged through the gas-controlled one-way valve. Under the action of gas pressure, the first-stage cylinder assembly continues to extend outward along the piston rod assembly. When the spacer in the first-stage cylinder assembly When the ring contacts the end of the piston rod assembly, the first-stage cylinder assembly stops moving. At this time, the first-stage cylinder assembly moves to the extreme position and the product is at the maximum stroke position; when the first-stage cylinder assembly retracts, the gas in the second air chamber is exhausted to the atmosphere through the air-controlled one-way valve, and the air between the floating piston assembly and the guide sleeve assembly is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust hole on the dust-proof sleeve. The first-stage cylinder assembly retracts. When the first-stage cylinder assembly contacts the floating piston assembly, the first-stage cylinder assembly pushes the floating piston assembly to move, thereby compressing the gas in the first air chamber, and air enters the exhaust hole, and the first-stage cylinder assembly retracts smoothly.

[0021] The technical effect of the present invention is that compressed air is used as the elastic medium to achieve nonlinear vibration reduction of the damping force, which has the advantages of simple structure, rapid action, light weight and no pollution, and can effectively reduce the time for adjusting the vehicle posture; a double air chamber structure is adopted to lengthen the stroke of the air spring while allowing the bearing capacity to be increased in a step-by-step manner after the first-stage cylinder assembly is retracted a certain distance; and a single product can withstand a load of 3.5-4t and a maximum impact force of 6t; the large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring has a nonlinear damping characteristic motion when performing damping movement, so that the damping characteristic curve is more in line with the physical needs of the driver and passengers, thereby improving the stability and safety of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shortest stroke structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate stroke state of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the maximum stroke state of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the guide sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first-stage cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dustproof sleeve of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is the static characteristic curve diagram of the air guide device of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. connecting seat; 2. upper ball bowl; 3. lower ball bowl; 4. lower ball bowl seat; 5. ball stud; 6. charging valve; 7. secondary cylinder assembly; 71. upper end cover; 72. secondary cylinder; 8. floating piston assembly; 9. primary cylinder assembly; 91. guide sleeve assembly; 911. buffer pad; 92. spacer ring; 93. primary cylinder; 94. air-controlled one-way valve; 95. cylinder base; 10. piston rod assembly; 101. balancing hole; 11. set screw; 12. dust sleeve; 121. exhaust hole; 13. first air chamber; 14. second air chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 7Provided is a large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring, comprising an air spring body, the air spring body comprising a connecting seat 1, an upper ball bowl 2, a lower ball bowl 3, a lower ball bowl seat 4, a ball pin 5, a secondary cylinder assembly 7, a floating piston assembly 8, a primary cylinder assembly 9 and a piston rod assembly 10, the secondary cylinder assembly 7 comprising a fixedly welded upper end cover 71 and a secondary cylinder 72, the primary cylinder assembly 9 comprising a guide sleeve assembly 91, a spacer ring 92, a primary cylinder 93, an air-controlled one-way valve 94, and a cylinder base 95, a closed first air chamber 13 formed by the upper end cover 71, the secondary cylinder 72, the piston rod assembly 10 and the floating piston assembly 8, a closed second air chamber 14 formed by the spacer ring 92, the primary cylinder 93, the piston rod assembly 10 and the cylinder base 95, the air-controlled one-way valve 94 is connected to the second air chamber 14, the secondary cylinder assembly 7 is connected to the dustproof sleeve 12 and The upper end cover 71 is installed with an inflation valve 6, and the inflation valve 6 is connected to the first air chamber 13 and is used to inflate the first air chamber 13. The end of the dust-proof sleeve 12 connected to the secondary cylinder assembly 7 is processed with a thread and the other end is processed with an exhaust hole 121. The end of the secondary cylinder assembly 7 connected to the dust-proof sleeve 12 is provided with a thread and is threadedly connected to the dust-proof sleeve 12 and is provided with a set screw 11 to lock and prevent loosening. The exhaust hole 121 is used to connect the space between the floating piston assembly 8 and the guide sleeve assembly 91 to the atmosphere during the retraction process of the primary cylinder assembly 9 to ensure the smooth retraction of the primary cylinder assembly 9. The floating piston assembly 8 and the primary cylinder assembly 9 are both assembled on the piston rod assembly 10, and the secondary cylinder assembly 7 is arranged on the outside. One end of the piston rod assembly 10 is processed with a thread for positioning and installing the ball pin 5, and the other end of the piston rod assembly 10 has a balancing hole 101.

[0034] Embodiment 2: On the basis of embodiment 1, one end of the guide sleeve assembly 91 is processed with a thread connected to the first-stage cylinder 93, and the other end face is processed with an annular groove, a buffer pad 911 is installed at the annular groove to prevent collision between the guide sleeve assembly 91 and the floating piston assembly 8 during the retraction of the first-stage cylinder assembly 9, one end of the first-stage cylinder 93 is processed with a first step and a first internal thread and the other end is processed with a second internal thread and a second step, a spacer ring 92 is installed at the first step of the first-stage cylinder 93 and connected to the guide sleeve assembly 91 through the first internal thread, the second internal thread is connected to the cylinder base 95 and the piston rod assembly 10 is positioned through the second step, the first-stage cylinder 93 is processed with a threaded hole and a third step on the outside for positioning and installing the air-controlled one-way valve 94, the air-controlled one-way valve 94 is connected through the threaded hole, and the air-controlled one-way valve 94 is used to control the filling and discharge of the second air chamber 14.

[0035] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, sealing rings are installed between the inflation valve 6 and the upper end cover 71, between the upper end cover 71 and the piston rod assembly 10, between the floating piston assembly 8 and the piston rod assembly 10, between the floating piston assembly 8 and the secondary cylinder assembly 7, between the spacer ring 92 and the piston rod assembly 10, between the spacer ring 92 and the primary cylinder 93, and between the cylinder base 95 and the primary cylinder 93 to prevent air leakage.

[0036] Working principle: gas is pre-charged into the first air chamber 13 from the charging valve 6. Under the action of gas pressure, the floating piston assembly 8 is pushed to extend outward in a straight line along the extension direction of the piston rod assembly 10, thereby pushing the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 to extend outward in a straight line along the extension direction of the piston rod assembly 10. When the floating piston assembly 8 moves to the position of contacting the dust sleeve 12, the floating piston assembly 8 stops moving and cannot continue to push the first-stage cylinder 93 to extend outward. At this time, the second air chamber 14 is charged through the gas-controlled one-way valve 94. Under the action of gas pressure, the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 continues to extend outward along the piston rod assembly 10. When the spacer ring 9 in the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 is When the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 contacts the end of the piston rod assembly 10, the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 stops moving. At this time, the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 moves to the limit position, and the product is at the maximum stroke position; when the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 retracts, the gas in the second air chamber 14 is exhausted to the atmosphere through the gas-controlled one-way valve 94, and the air between the floating piston assembly 8 and the guide sleeve assembly 91 is exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust hole 121 on the dustproof sleeve 12. At this time, the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 retracts smoothly. When the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 contacts the floating piston assembly 8, the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 pushes the floating piston assembly 8 to move, thereby compressing the gas in the first air chamber 13, and the first-stage cylinder assembly 9 retracts smoothly.

[0037] Embodiment three: By measuring the corresponding bearing capacity through the cylinder retraction distance and drawing the static characteristic curve of the air guide device, it can be concluded that the existence of the secondary air chamber makes the static characteristic curve of the air guide device to obtain a step-by-step increase when it reaches the position near 1130L / mm-1110L / mm. The curve forms a stronger support as the installation distance decreases, thereby making the air guide device more rigid.

[0038] The technical effect of the present invention is that compressed air is used as the elastic medium to realize energy transfer, which has the advantages of simple structure, rapid action, light weight and no pollution, and can effectively reduce the time for adjusting the vehicle posture; a double air chamber series structure is adopted to lengthen the stroke of the air spring; and it can withstand a load of up to 3.5t and withstand an impact force of up to 6t; the large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring has a nonlinear damping characteristic when performing damping motion, so that the damping characteristic curve is more in line with the physical needs of the driver and passengers, thereby improving the stability and safety of the vehicle.

[0039] The present invention has been described in detail above through specific implementation modes and embodiments, but these do not constitute limitations of the present invention. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may also make many variations and improvements, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring, comprising an air spring body, characterized in that: The air spring body comprises a connecting seat (1), an upper ball bowl (2), a lower ball bowl (3), a lower ball bowl seat (4), a ball stud (5), a secondary cylinder assembly (7), a floating piston assembly (8), a primary cylinder assembly (9) and a piston rod assembly (10); The secondary cylinder assembly (7) comprises an upper end cover (71) and a secondary cylinder (72); The primary cylinder assembly (9) comprises a guide sleeve assembly (91), a spacer ring (92), a primary cylinder (93), a pneumatic one-way valve (94), and a cylinder base (95); A sealed first air chamber (13) formed by the upper end cover (71), the secondary cylinder barrel (72), the piston rod assembly (10) and the floating piston assembly (8); The spacer ring (92), the primary cylinder (93), the piston rod assembly (10) and the cylinder base (95) form a sealed second air chamber (14), and the air-controlled one-way valve (94) is connected to the second air chamber (14); The secondary cylinder assembly (7) is connected to the dustproof sleeve (12) and the upper end cover (71) is equipped with an air charging valve (6), wherein the air charging valve (6) is connected to the first air chamber (13); One end of the dustproof sleeve (12) connected to the secondary cylinder assembly (7) is processed with a thread and the other end is processed with an exhaust hole (121); The floating piston assembly (8) and the primary cylinder assembly (9) are assembled on the piston rod assembly (10), and a secondary cylinder assembly (7) is arranged outside. One end of the piston rod assembly (10) is threaded and connected to the ball pin (5), and the other end of the piston rod assembly (10) is provided with a balancing hole (101); When the floating piston assembly (8) moves to a position contacting the dustproof sleeve (12), the floating piston assembly (8) is limited by one end of the dustproof sleeve (12); One end of the guide sleeve assembly (91) is processed with a thread, one end of the primary cylinder (93) is processed with a first step and a first internal thread and the other end is processed with a second internal thread and a second step, a spacer ring (92) is installed at the first step of the primary cylinder (93) and is connected to the guide sleeve assembly (91) via the first internal thread, and the second internal thread is connected to the cylinder base (95) and the piston rod assembly (10) is positioned via the second step.

2. A long-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove is machined on the other end surface of the guide sleeve assembly (91), and a buffer pad (911) is installed in the annular groove.

3. The large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage cylinder (93) is externally processed with a threaded hole and a third step, and is connected to a gas-controlled one-way valve (94) via the threaded hole.

4. The large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sealing rings are installed between the inflation valve (6) and the upper end cover (71), between the upper end cover (71) and the piston rod assembly (10), between the floating piston assembly (8) and the piston rod assembly (10), between the floating piston assembly (8) and the secondary cylinder assembly (7), between the spacer ring (92) and the piston rod assembly (10), between the spacer ring (92) and the primary cylinder (93), and between the cylinder base (95) and the primary cylinder (93).

5. The large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the secondary cylinder assembly (7) connected to the dustproof sleeve (12) is provided with a thread, is threadedly connected to the dustproof sleeve (12), and is locked with a set screw (11).

6. The large-stroke pneumatically controlled adjustable air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end cover (71) is fixed to the secondary cylinder barrel (72) by welding.

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