A multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-stage inclined floating solar desalination distiller, comprising a primary steam generator, a light-transmitting focusing lens, an inclined condensation surface, an additional waste heat utilization device, a condensate collecting tank, a weight-bearing suspended foam, and an air bag; an inclined condensation surface is provided above the primary steam generator, and a suspended foam is provided below the primary steam generator, which is used for weight bearing and primary filtration and matches the remaining devices; the additional waste heat utilization device is distributed on both sides of the primary steam generator; the primary steam generator and the additional waste heat utilization device are carried above the suspended foam, the condensate collecting tank is fixed at the lower end of the inclined condensation surface, and the suspended foam is provided with a space and position for placing the condensate collecting tank. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the steam generator used in the present invention can convert energy with high efficiency, and can evaporate water at a temperature lower than the boiling point of water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment such as solar seawater desalination and sewage purification, and specifically relates to a multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller. Background Art

[0002] Global water shortages and the contradiction between water supply and demand have become the main bottlenecks restricting the sustainable development of the economy and society. Seawater is rich in reserves and is an important channel for developing new water sources and solving the problem of fresh water shortage. However, traditional seawater desalination methods consume a lot of high-quality energy, such as coal, oil or electricity. The large-scale consumption of high-quality energy will have a serious impact on the country's economic growth and natural environment. Therefore, it is urgent to develop seawater desalination using clean energy.

[0003] Solar energy is a clean, renewable, pollution-free energy source that is independent of energy transportation and geographical location, with an energy cost of zero. It is an excellent energy source for developing seawater desalination. In addition, solar distiller technology has many advantages such as simple principle, easy operation, and low cost. However, traditional solar distiller has poor performance, with a maximum energy efficiency of only 30%-50%. How to improve the evaporation efficiency of solar desalination and increase the utilization rate of solar energy is crucial to the large-scale application of solar distiller. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller and method.

[0005] This multi-stage inclined floating solar desalination distiller includes a primary steam generator, a light-transmitting focusing lens, an inclined condensation surface, an additional waste heat utilization device, a condensate collection tank, a weight-bearing suspended foam, and an air bag;

[0006] An inclined condensation surface is provided above the primary steam generator, and a suspended foam is provided below the primary steam generator for bearing weight and primary filtration, and matching with the remaining devices; the additional waste heat utilization device is distributed on both sides of the primary steam generator;

[0007] The first-stage steam generator and the additional waste heat utilization device are carried above the suspended foam, the condensate collection tank is fixed at the lower end of the inclined condensation surface, and the suspended foam is provided with a space and position for placing the condensate collection tank; the air bags are distributed around the suspended foam to provide additional buoyancy;

[0008] The light-transmitting focusing lens is arranged directly above the inclined condensing surface to provide more solar energy for the entire device.

[0009] Preferably, the device as a whole can be a rotating body structure around a central axis, or a symmetrical structure with a rectangular cross-section.

[0010] Preferably, the first-stage steam generating device is composed of dark-colored fiber products with good capillary action and micro-nano particles with a light absorbency greater than 90%; the micro-nano particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the fiber products exposed to light through physical and chemical treatment (coating, growth and other techniques); the fiber products are wrapped around the large platform surface in the middle of the suspended foam, and the edges dragged around are immersed in the water body, so that water is transported to the light-exposed surface through capillary action.

[0011] Preferably, the light-transmitting condensing lens concentrates sunlight onto the light-receiving surface of the primary steam generating device, so as to evaporate water on the surface of the primary steam generating device. The light-transmitting condensing lens is an optical device capable of concentrating light, including but not limited to a specially designed convex lens, a Fresnel lens, a convex lens array, a Fresnel lens array, etc.

[0012] Preferably: the inclined condensation surface is used for condensation of steam, and is made of glass, organic glass and other materials, with an inclination angle ranging from 5° to 30°; the inner surface of the inclined condensation surface is treated with micro-nano technology and surface modification technology, and has the advantages of combining hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and the directional micro-grooves (micro-nano level) are conducive to the rapid sliding of condensed water and convergence in the condensed water collection groove; the shape of the condensed water collection groove includes but is not limited to U-shaped groove, rectangular groove, circular groove, V-shaped groove, etc.

[0013] Preferably: the additional waste heat utilization device is a multi-stage repeated structure, each stage of the structure is composed of the non-condensing side of the condensation surface of the previous stage, the condensing side of the condensation surface of the next stage and a condensed water collecting tank; a condensation surface is provided on the upper edge of one side of the condensed water collecting tank, and the condensation surface is generally made of glass, organic glass and other materials, with an inclination angle range of 5° to 30°, and is treated with modification technology, and its number of stages is generally three, and the actual number of stages is adjusted according to actual conditions; the non-condensing side of the condensation surface is covered with a pasted fiber product, the tail end of the fiber product is immersed in the water body of the space hole for about 1-3 cm, and micro-nano particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the fiber product, and the fiber product and the micro-nano particles constitute the steam generating part.

[0014] As a preference: the suspended foam has a density of less than 0.5 g / cm 3 The insulating foam is divided into two layers, the upper layer structure of the suspended foam is mainly composed of a large platform provided for the first-level steam generating device and space holes provided for the condensate collecting tank; the lower layer structure of the suspended foam is provided with fine small holes with a diameter of less than 1 cm and evenly distributed. The small holes can allow water to penetrate into the upper layer and filter out larger solid impurities in the water; the suspended foam lifts the entire distiller device through buoyancy, and at the same time, the large platform is provided with holes that can wet fiber products.

[0015] Preferably, a small extension surface is provided on one side of the condensate collection tank, the condensate collection tank is placed in the space hole reserved for the suspended foam, and the small extension surface is placed on a small platform on the side of the hole; the small platform is located between the space holes, isolating the various spaces of the additional waste heat utilization device.

[0016] Preferably, the airbag is an inflatable structure and can be attached to the surroundings of the suspended foam when not inflated.

[0017] The desalination method of this multi-stage inclined floating solar desalination distiller is as follows: a light-transmitting focusing lens focuses sunlight onto the light-receiving surface of a first-stage steam generating device, evaporates moisture on the surface of the first-stage steam generating device, and the water vapor condenses on the inclined condensation surface and slides down to gather in a condensate collecting tank; the fiber product of the additional waste heat utilization device absorbs moisture to the non-condensation side of the condensation surface by capillary action, and in each stage of the additional waste heat utilization device, the condensed water on the condensation surface of the previous stage releases heat and is conducted to the fiber product of the current stage, evaporating the moisture absorbed by the capillary action, and the generated steam condenses on the condensation side of the condensation surface of the next stage and releases heat and is conducted to this stage, and the condensed water flows into the condensation collecting tank.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The top concentrating device in the present invention can collect more sunlight and increase the energy input of the entire device.

[0020] 2. The steam generator used in the present invention can convert energy with high efficiency and can evaporate water at a temperature lower than the boiling point of water.

[0021] 3. The multi-stage condensation device used in the present invention can effectively utilize the latent heat released by condensation and improve the energy utilization rate.

[0022] 4. The suspension design of the present invention can effectively isolate most of the scum and is adaptable to complex water bodies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage inclined floating solar desalination distiller;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the additional waste heat utilization device.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals: first-stage steam generator 1, light-transmitting focusing lens 2, inclined condensation surface 3, additional waste heat utilization device 4, steam generating part 401, non-condensation side of condensation surface 402, condensation side of condensation surface 403, condensate collecting tank 5, suspended foam 6, large platform 601, space hole 602, small hole 603, small extension surface 604, small platform 605, airbag 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0027] This patent redesigns the spatial layout and structure of the traditional distillation device based on the energy requirements and the structural requirements of the steam generating part, especially improves the design of the evaporation surface, which can realize heat localization, concentrate more heat on the evaporation surface, increase the localized temperature, and use multi-stage slopes to further utilize the latent heat of condensed water to solve the problems of low efficiency and insufficient utilization of solar energy in traditional seawater desalination distillers.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller includes a primary steam generator 1, a light-transmitting focusing lens 2, an inclined condensation surface 3, an additional waste heat utilization device 4, a condensate collection tank 5, a weight-bearing suspended foam 6 and an air bag 7.

[0029] The bottom of the primary steam generator 1 is a large platform 601, which provides support for it. The vertical holes in the large platform 601 and the space holes 602 on both sides of the large platform 601 provide infiltration space for fiber products. The space can ensure that the fiber products are just immersed by 1-3 cm, but not overflowing the large platform 601, and the water surface is lower than the condensate collection tank 5. The inclined condensation surface 3 is set up just above the primary steam generator 1, which is used to transmit the light from the light-transmitting focusing lens 2, and at the same time condense the water vapor generated in the space, and the condensed water slides down the inclined condensation surface 3 and gathers in the condensate collection tank 5.

[0030] The additional waste heat utilization device 4 is a multi-stage repeated structure, and each stage is composed of the non-condensing side 402 (outside of the inclined surface) of the condensation surface of the previous stage, the condensation side 403 (inside of the inclined surface) of the condensation surface of the next stage, and the condensation water collection tank 5. The non-condensation side 402 (outside of the inclined surface) of the condensation surface of the previous stage is covered with a pasted fiber product, and the tail end of the fiber product is immersed in the water body in the space hole 602 for about 1-3 cm, and the water is absorbed onto the inclined surface (non-condensation side 402 of the condensation surface) by capillary action. In each stage, the condensation water on the condensation surface of the previous stage releases heat and is conducted to the fiber product of the current stage, so that it can evaporate the water absorbed by capillary action, and the generated steam condenses on the condensation side 403 (inside of the inclined surface) of the condensation surface of the next stage and releases heat and conducts to the next stage. Since the fiber product absorbs moisture, it can reduce the surface temperature of the condensation surface and improve the condensation effect of the condensation surface. The generated condensation water is collected in the condensation water collection tank 5 of each stage.

[0031] A small extension surface 604 is provided on one side of the condensed water collection tank 5, so that the entire tank can be placed in the space hole 602 reserved by the suspended foam 6, and the small extension surface 604 is just placed on the small platform 605 on the side of the hole. The small platform 605 is located between the space holes 602. The small platform 605 not only supports the upper device, but also isolates the various spaces of the additional waste heat utilization device 4 to avoid mutual interference between the various levels.

[0032] The size of the large platform 601 and the size of the space hole 602 of the suspended foam 6 are matched with the primary steam generator 1 and the additional waste heat utilization device 4, respectively, so as to achieve the required sealing requirements (sealing of the contact points between the primary steam generator 1, the inclined condensation surface 3, the additional waste heat utilization device 4 and the suspended foam 6). The small holes 603 of the lower layer are adjusted according to the water quality of the water source at the placement location and the required buoyancy. In order to prevent insufficient buoyancy, the design supplements the airbag 7 and arranges it around the suspended foam 6.

Claims

1. A multi-stage inclined floating solar desalination distiller, Features: The invention comprises a primary steam generator (1), a light-transmitting focusing lens (2), an inclined condensation surface (3), an additional waste heat utilization device (4), a condensate collecting tank (5), a weight-bearing suspended foam (6), and an air bag (7); the primary steam generator (1) is provided with an inclined condensation surface (3) above, and the primary steam generator (1) is provided with a suspended foam (6) below; the additional waste heat utilization device (4) is distributed on both sides of the primary steam generator (1); the primary steam generator (1) and the additional waste heat utilization device (4) are carried on the suspended foam (6); the condensate collecting tank (5) is fixed at the lower end of the inclined condensation surface (3), and the suspended foam (6) is provided with a space and position for placing the condensate collecting tank (5); the air bag (7) is distributed around the four sides of the suspended foam (6); The light-transmitting focusing lens (2) is arranged directly above the inclined condensation surface (3); the additional waste heat utilization device (4) is a multi-stage repeated structure, and each stage of the structure is composed of the non-condensation side (402) of the condensation surface of the previous stage, the condensation side (403) of the condensation surface of the next stage, and a condensation water collection tank (5); a condensation surface is provided on the upper edge of one side of the condensation water collection tank (5), and the condensation surface is glass or organic glass, and the inclination angle ranges from 5° to 30°; the non-condensation side (402) of the condensation surface is covered with a pasted fiber product, and the tail end of the fiber product is immersed in the water body of the space hole (602) for 1-3 cm, and micro-nano particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the fiber product, and the fiber product and the micro-nano particles constitute the steam generating part (401); the suspended foam (6) has a density less than 0.5g / cm 3 The insulating foam is divided into two layers, the upper layer structure of the suspended foam (6) is mainly composed of a large platform (601) provided for the primary steam generator (1) and space holes (602) provided for the condensate collecting tank (5); the lower layer structure of the suspended foam (6) is provided with fine small holes (603) with a hole diameter of less than 1 cm and evenly distributed; the large platform (601) is provided with holes capable of wetting the fiber products; a small extension surface (604) is provided on one side of the condensate collecting tank (5); the condensate collecting tank (5) is placed in the space hole (602) reserved by the suspended foam (6), and the small extension surface (604) is placed on the small platform (605) on the side of the hole; the small platform (605) is located between each space hole (602).

2. The multi-stage inclined floating solar desalination distiller according to claim 1, Features: The distiller device as a whole is a rotating body structure around a central axis, or a symmetrical structure with a rectangular cross section.

3. The multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller according to claim 1, Features: The primary steam generator (1) is composed of fiber products and micro-nano particles with an absorbance greater than 90%; the micro-nano particles are evenly distributed on the surface of the fiber products; the fiber products are wrapped around the surface of the large platform (601) in the middle of the suspended foam (6), and the edges towed around are immersed in the water.

4. The multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller according to claim 1, Features: The light-transmitting focusing lens (2) is a convex lens, a Fresnel lens, a convex lens array or a Fresnel lens array.

5. The multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller according to claim 1, Features: The inclined condensation surface (3) is glass or organic glass, and the inclination angle ranges from 5° to 30°; the shape of the condensate collection groove (5) is a U-shaped groove, a rectangular groove, a circular groove or a V-shaped groove.

6. The multi-stage inclined floating solar seawater desalination distiller according to claim 1, Features: The airbag (7) is an inflatable structure.

7. A method for desalinating seawater using the multi-stage inclined floating solar desalination distiller as claimed in claim 1, Features: The light-transmitting focusing lens (2) focuses sunlight onto the light-receiving surface of the first-stage steam generator (1), evaporates the moisture on the surface of the first-stage steam generator (1), and the water vapor condenses on the inclined condensation surface (3) and slides down to be gathered in the condensate collection tank (5); the fiber product of the additional waste heat utilization device (4) absorbs moisture to the non-condensation side (402) of the condensation surface by capillary action, and in each stage of the additional waste heat utilization device (4), the condensed water on the condensation surface of the previous stage releases heat and is transferred to the fiber product of the current stage, and evaporates the moisture absorbed by the capillary action, and the generated steam condenses on the condensation side (403) of the condensation surface of the next stage and releases heat and is transferred to this stage, and the condensed water flows into the condensate collection tank (5).

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