Gearbox and Construction Machinery

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of gear transmission, and particularly relates to a gearbox and a construction machinery. The gearbox includes a box body, a first ventilation hole, a second ventilation hole, a ventilation cap and a cover body; the cover body is detachably covered on the box body, and an accommodation space is formed between the cover body and the box body; the first ventilation hole is arranged on the box body and communicates the accommodation space with the inside of the box body, the second ventilation hole is arranged between the box body and the cover body and communicates the accommodation space with the external environment; the ventilation cap is arranged in the accommodation space and assembled in the first ventilation hole. The gearbox and the construction machinery enable the inside of the box body to exchange gas with the external environment, so that the inside of the box body is cooled through ventilation, and the cleanliness and the stability of the air permeability of the ventilation cap are maintained, the maintenance frequency of the ventilation cap is reduced, and the service life of the ventilation cap is prolonged. The structure is simple, easy to process and convenient for installation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear transmission, and particularly to a gearbox and construction machinery. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the gearbox, a large amount of heat will be generated inside. If a large amount of this heat accumulates, it will not only affect the normal operation of the gearbox, but also affect the service life of the gearbox.

[0003] In the related art, usually, a cooling system or enhanced sealing is used to assist in cooling, but both of these methods have problems of complex structure, difficult to set up, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first object of the present invention is to provide a gearbox to solve to a certain extent the technical problems that the auxiliary cooling methods in the prior art generally have complex structures, are difficult to set up, and are costly.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a construction machinery to solve to a certain extent the technical problems that the auxiliary cooling methods in the prior art generally have complex structures, are difficult to set up, and are costly.

[0006] To achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions;

[0007] Based on the above first object, the gearbox provided by the present invention includes a box body, a first ventilation hole, a second ventilation hole, a ventilation cap, and a cover body;

[0008] The cover body is detachably covered on the box body, and a accommodation space is formed between the cover body and the box body;

[0009] The first ventilation hole is provided on the box body and communicates the accommodation space with the inside of the box body, and the second ventilation hole is provided between the box body and the cover body and communicates the accommodation space with the external environment;

[0010] The ventilation cap is arranged in the accommodation space and assembled in the first ventilation hole.

[0011] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the first ventilation hole is provided at the top of the box body.

[0012] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the first ventilation hole includes a first hole portion and a second hole portion that are sequentially communicated;

[0013] The first hole portion extends along the top-bottom direction of the box body and communicates the accommodation space with the second hole portion, and the extending direction of the second hole portion forms an inclined angle with the top-bottom direction of the box body and communicates the inside of the gearbox with the first hole portion.

[0014] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the connection between the second hole portion and the inner wall of the box body is higher than the highest liquid level of the lubricating oil in the box body.

[0015] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the top surface of the box body is provided with a mounting counterbore, and the first ventilation hole is opened at the bottom of the mounting counterbore;

[0016] The cover body is detachably sealed at the orifice of the mounting counterbore;

[0017] The second ventilation hole penetrates the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the mounting counterbore;

[0018] And / or, the gearbox further includes a fastener, and the cover body and the box body are detachably connected by the fastener.

[0019] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the number of the first ventilation holes is at least one, and the number of the second ventilation holes is multiple;

[0020] The number of the second ventilation holes is greater than the number of the first ventilation holes, and the aperture of the second ventilation hole is smaller than the aperture of the first ventilation hole.

[0021] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the sum of the radial cross-sectional areas of all the second ventilation holes is not less than the sum of the ventilation areas of all the ventilation caps.

[0022] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the gearbox is a cutting gearbox.

[0023] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the ventilation cap is a one-way ventilation cap, and the one-way ventilation cap only allows gas to flow unidirectionally from the inside of the box body to the accommodation space.

[0024] Adopting the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The gearbox provided by the present invention includes a box body, a first ventilation hole, a second ventilation hole, a ventilation cap and a cover body. The cover body is detachably covered on the box body, and a receiving space is formed between the cover body and the box body, so that the receiving space is separated from the external environment through the cover body to prevent dust and impurities in the external environment from invading or polluting the receiving space. The first ventilation hole is arranged on the box body and communicates the receiving space with the inside of the box body. The second ventilation hole is arranged between the box body and the cover body and communicates the receiving space with the external environment. The ventilation cap is arranged in the receiving space and assembled in the first ventilation hole. Thus, on the one hand, the inside of the box body is sequentially communicated with the external environment through the first ventilation hole, the ventilation cap, the receiving space and the second ventilation hole, enabling the inside of the box body to exchange gases with the external environment, so that the inside of the box body can be cooled through ventilation; on the other hand, since the ventilation cap is located in the receiving space, compared with the scheme of using the ventilation cap exposed, it is beneficial to maintain the cleanliness of the ventilation cap and the stability of the ventilation performance, thus facilitating reducing the maintenance frequency of the ventilation cap and extending the service life of the ventilation cap. The gearbox adopts the above ventilation structure to achieve cooling, with a simple structure, easy to process and convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0026] The construction machinery provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned gearbox, and thus can achieve all the beneficial effects of the gearbox. Description of the Drawings

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the first structural schematic diagram of the gearbox provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is the second structural schematic diagram of the gearbox provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The cross-sectional view at the A-A section;

[0031] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view of

[0032] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The cross-sectional view at the B-B section;

[0033] Figure 6 It is Figure 4 The cross-sectional view at the C-C section.

[0034] Icon: 1 - gearbox; 10 - cover; 11 - housing; 110 - ridge connection part; 12 - fastener; 13 - breather cap; 14 - first ventilation hole; 140 - first hole part; 141 - second hole part; 15 - second ventilation hole; 16 - mounting counterbore. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a gearbox; in order to more clearly express the structure, the boundary line between the illustrated part and the hidden part is marked by a dotted line in Figures 1 to 6 it.

[0040] The gearbox provided in this embodiment is used for construction machinery.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the gearbox 1 provided in this embodiment includes a housing 11, a first ventilation hole 14, a second ventilation hole 15, a breather cap 13, a fastener 12, and a cover 10.

[0042] In the following, each of the above components of the gearbox 1 will be specifically described.

[0043] In this embodiment, the housing 11 is used to accommodate the transmission components and lubricating fluid of the gearbox 1. During the operation of the gearbox 1, a large amount of heat is generated due to friction when the transmission components are running, which will cause the temperature inside the housing 11 to rise, thereby leading to an increase in the working environment temperature of the transmission components.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first ventilation hole 14 is provided in the housing 11, and the ventilation cap 13 is assembled in the first ventilation hole 14. The air inside the gearbox 1 and the outside air communicate and exchange with each other through the first ventilation hole 14 and the ventilation cap 13, so that the inside of the housing 11 can be cooled by ventilation. Among them, the ventilation cap 13 can prevent external dust and impurities from entering the inside of the housing 11, thus ensuring that the transmission components operate in a clean environment.

[0045] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the ventilation cap 13 from being contaminated, the cover 10 is detachably covered on the housing 11, and a receiving space is formed between the cover 10 and the housing 11. That is to say, the cover 10 separates the external environment from the receiving space, preventing external dust and impurities from entering the receiving space and keeping the inside of the receiving space clean and hygienic.

[0046] Furthermore, the first ventilation hole 14 communicates the receiving space with the inside of the housing 11, and the ventilation cap 13 is arranged in the receiving space. On the one hand, it can prevent the ventilation opening of the ventilation cap 13 from being blocked by external dust and impurities, ensuring the cleanliness of the ventilation cap 13 during use, and thus ensuring smooth gas flow. On the other hand, it can significantly reduce the maintenance frequency and wear rate of the ventilation cap 13, thereby prolonging the service life of the ventilation cap 13.

[0047] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the inside of the housing 11 can also communicate with the outside when the cover 10 is provided, by providing a second ventilation hole 15 on the housing 11 that communicates the receiving space with the external environment, the inside of the housing 11 can be sequentially communicated with the external environment through the first ventilation hole 14, the ventilation cap 13, the receiving space, and the second ventilation hole 15. Thus, not only can the basic ventilation function of the gearbox 1 be ensured, but also the ventilation cap 13 can be effectively protected from being contaminated.

[0048] In this embodiment, the aperture of the second ventilation hole 15 is smaller than that of the first ventilation hole 14, which can ensure that the second ventilation hole 15 communicates the receiving space and the external environment with a smaller radial cross-sectional area. It can not only allow gas to flow through but also play a role in blocking and filtering dust and impurities, thereby preventing external dust and impurities from entering and contaminating the receiving space through the second ventilation hole 15. Specifically, the radial cross-sectional area of the second ventilation hole 15 should not be greater than the ventilation area of the ventilation cap 13 either.

[0049] The number of the first ventilation holes 14 is at least one, the number of the second ventilation holes 15 is multiple, and the number of the second ventilation holes 15 is greater than that of the first ventilation holes 14, so as to ensure that the number of the second ventilation holes 15 is large enough, and further ensure the ventilation volume between the accommodation space and the external environment.

[0050] As an example, the number of the first ventilation holes 14 is one, and the number of the second ventilation holes 15 is five.

[0051] As another example, the number of the first ventilation holes 14 is two, and the number of the second ventilation holes 15 is fourteen.

[0052] In this embodiment, the sum of the radial cross-sectional areas of all the second ventilation holes 15 is not less than the sum of the ventilation areas of all the ventilation caps 13, so as to ensure that the ventilation capacity of the second ventilation holes 15 can meet the ventilation requirements of the ventilation caps 13.

[0053] Specifically, in order to ensure that the radial cross-sectional area of each second ventilation hole 15 is small enough to prevent impurities and the like from invading, the number of the second ventilation holes 15 is at least five times that of the first ventilation holes 14, that is, the radial cross-sectional area of each second ventilation hole 15 is not greater than one fifth of the ventilation area of each ventilation cap 13.

[0054] In this embodiment, in order to reduce the friction and the heat generated by friction of the transmission components during operation, lubricating oil is also accommodated in the box body 11, and at least part of the lubricating oil is deposited at the bottom of the box body 11. In order to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking and the ventilation caps 13 from being contaminated by the lubricating oil, the first ventilation holes 14 are arranged at the top of the box body 11.

[0055] In this embodiment, the thickness of the box body 11 is generally relatively thick. If the first ventilation holes 14 are directly set as straight holes formed in one step, not only the forming difficulty is high, but also the requirements for the processing equipment are relatively strict.

[0056] In order to reduce the forming difficulty of the first ventilation holes 14, the first ventilation holes 14 include a first hole portion 140 and a second hole portion 141 that are sequentially communicated. The first hole portion 140 extends along the top-bottom direction of the box body 11 and communicates the accommodation space with the second hole portion 141. The extending direction of the second hole portion 141 forms an inclined angle with the top-bottom direction of the box body 11 and communicates the inside of the gear box 1 with the first hole portion 140. Thus, the first hole portion 140 is processed from the outside to the inside, and the second hole portion 141 is processed from the inside to the outside, and the first hole portion 140 and the second hole portion 141 are intersected and penetrated, and then the processing of the first ventilation holes 14 can be completed. By providing the first hole portion 140 and the second hole portion 141, not only the processing difficulty can be reduced, but also the processing cost can be reduced.

[0057] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the first ventilation hole 14 from coming into contact with the lubricating oil, it is necessary to ensure that the connection between the second hole portion 141 and the inner wall of the box body 11 is higher than the liquid level of the lubricating oil. In addition, the connection between the second hole portion 141 and the inner wall of the box body 11 can be determined by considering the liquid level of the lubricating oil and the position of the first hole portion 140 comprehensively.

[0058] Specifically, when the gearbox 1 is a cutting gearbox, since the cutting gearbox needs to rotate continuously during operation, the relative position between the liquid level of the lubricating oil and the box body 11 also changes continuously with the rotation of the box body 11. Define the liquid level at the highest position among all the liquid levels formed by the lubricating oil during the rotation of the box body 11 as the highest liquid level. Therefore, ensuring that the connection between the second hole portion 141 and the inner wall of the box body 11 of the cutting gearbox is higher than the highest liquid level of the lubricating oil can ensure that the lubricating oil does not contaminate the second hole portion 141 and the ventilation cap 13.

[0059] In this embodiment, an installation counterbore 16 is provided on the top surface of the box body 11, and the first ventilation hole 14 is opened at the bottom of the installation counterbore 16. The cover body 10 is detachably sealed at the orifice of the installation counterbore 16 so as to form an accommodation space between the cover body 10 and the installation counterbore 16; the second ventilation hole 15 penetrates through the inner side wall of the installation counterbore 16 and the outer side wall of the box body 11.

[0060] By providing the installation counterbore 16 and sealing the installation counterbore 16 with the cover body 10, it is not only beneficial to improve the aesthetic appearance of the gearbox 1, but also can prevent the ventilation cap and the cover body 10 from protruding from the outer wall of the box body 11, and can reduce the bumps caused by space interference.

[0061] In this embodiment, the second ventilation hole 15 penetrates through the inner side wall of the installation counterbore 16 and the outer side wall of the box body 11, so that the opening of the second ventilation hole 15 faces the side of the box body 11 instead of the top of the box body 11. On the one hand, it can prevent water from being poured into the accommodation space through the second ventilation hole 15 during rainy weather. On the other hand, for a gearbox 1 such as a cutting gearbox that needs to rotate, it can also prevent the situation where external dust and impurities are backflowed due to the high-speed operation because the movement direction of the gearbox 1 is the same as the orientation of the second ventilation hole 15. On the third hand, dust and impurities are likely to accumulate on the top of the box body 11, and it can also prevent the accumulated dust and impurities from falling into the accommodation space through the second ventilation hole 15.

[0062] Optionally, the outer wall of the cover body 10 matches and fits with the inner wall of the installation counterbore 16.

[0063] Specifically, a ridge-shaped connecting portion 110 is formed on the side of the box body 11, and the mounting counterbore 16 is arranged at the top of the ridge-shaped connecting portion 110; the second ventilation hole 15 penetrates from the inner side wall of the mounting counterbore 16 to the outer side wall of the ridge-shaped connecting portion 110. Since the lateral thickness of the ridge-shaped connecting portion 110 is relatively thin, by making the second ventilation hole 15 penetrate from the inner side wall of the mounting counterbore 16 to the outer side wall of the ridge-shaped connecting portion 110, not only can the processing difficulty of the second ventilation hole 15 be simplified, but also the length of the second ventilation hole 15 can be shortened, thereby improving the smoothness of air flow.

[0064] In this embodiment, the gearbox 1 further includes a fastener 12, and the cover body 10 and the box body 11 are detachably connected by the fastener 12, so that not only the connection strength can be ensured, but also the disassembly and assembly convenience can be improved.

[0065] Optionally, the fastener 12 includes four screws, and the four screws are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cover body 10, so as to form a four-point detachable connection between the cover body 10 and the box body 11. In order to reduce vibration and noise, a gasket can also be provided between the cover body 10 and the bottom of the mounting counterbore 16.

[0066] In this embodiment, when the gearbox 1 is a cutting gearbox, during the coal mining process, the working conditions of the cutting gearbox are relatively complex, resulting in a relatively high internal working environment temperature of the transmission components of the gearbox 1. The large temperature difference and pressure inequality inside and outside the cutting gearbox will greatly reduce its service life, and increase the sealing difficulty of the high-speed end shaft diameter. Adopting this ventilation method that does not affect the internal overall structure, without adding other cooling systems and without strengthening the seal, can balance the temperature difference and pressure difference inside and outside the cutting gearbox, and can also prevent coal ash and dust from invading the box body, thereby not only reducing the sealing difficulty of the high-speed end shaft diameter, but also being beneficial to improving the inheritance of the cutting gearbox structure and reducing costs.

[0067] In this embodiment, when the gearbox 1 is a cutting gearbox, the phenomenon of unequal pressure difference formed inside and outside the box body 11 is more obvious compared with other gearboxes 1. Since the gas inside the box body 11 expands greatly when heated, the air pressure inside the box body 11 is much higher than the external air pressure. Therefore, the ventilation cap 13 is set as a one-way ventilation cap, and only allows the gas to flow unidirectionally from the inside of the box body 11 to the accommodating space, which can ensure that the gas inside the box body 11 is discharged in time through the ventilation cap 13 under the action of the internal and external pressure difference of the ventilation cap 13, avoiding the situation that the gas diversion intensifies the internal and external pressure difference due to accidental situations, so that the air pressure inside the box body 11 is kept within the normal level, thereby further reducing the sealing difficulty of the high-speed end shaft diameter.

[0068] Embodiment Two

[0069] Embodiment 2 provides a construction machinery, which includes the gearbox in Embodiment 1. The technical features of the gearbox disclosed in Embodiment 1 are also applicable to this embodiment, and the technical features of the gearbox already disclosed in Embodiment 1 will not be described repeatedly.

[0070] The construction machinery provided in this embodiment includes a gearbox. Among them, when the gearbox is a cutting gearbox, the construction machinery is a roadheader-anchoring machine.

[0071] The construction machinery in this embodiment has the advantages of the gearbox in Embodiment 1, and the advantages of the gearbox disclosed in Embodiment 1 will not be described repeatedly here.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some of the embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of the features of different embodiments means within the scope of the present invention and forms different embodiments. For example, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background art of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that this information constitutes prior art already known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A gearbox, characterized in that, It includes a box body, a first ventilation hole, a second ventilation hole, a ventilation cap and a cover body; The cover body is detachably covered on the box body, and an accommodation space is formed between the cover body and the box body; The first ventilation hole is arranged on the box body and communicates the accommodation space with the inside of the box body, and the second ventilation hole is arranged between the box body and the cover body and communicates the accommodation space with the external environment; The ventilation cap is arranged in the accommodation space and assembled in the first ventilation hole; An installation counterbore is arranged on the top surface of the box body, and the first ventilation hole is opened at the bottom of the installation counterbore; The cover body is detachably sealed at the orifice of the installation counterbore; The second ventilation hole penetrates the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the installation counterbore; The gear box further includes a fastener, and the cover body and the box body are detachably connected by the fastener; The gear box is a cutting gear box.

2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ventilation hole is arranged at the top of the box body.

3. The gearbox according to claim 2, wherein, The first ventilation hole includes a first hole portion and a second hole portion that are sequentially communicated; The first hole portion extends along the top-bottom direction of the box body and communicates the accommodation space with the second hole portion, and the extending direction of the second hole portion forms an inclined angle with the top-bottom direction of the box body and communicates the inside of the gear box with the first hole portion.

4. The gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection between the second hole portion and the inner wall of the box body is higher than the highest liquid level of the lubricating oil in the box body.

5. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first ventilation holes is at least one, and the number of the second ventilation holes is multiple; The number of the second ventilation holes is greater than the number of the first ventilation holes, and the aperture of the second ventilation hole is smaller than the aperture of the first ventilation hole.

6. The gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sum of the radial cross-sectional areas of all the second ventilation holes is not less than the sum of the ventilation areas of all the ventilation caps.

7. The gearbox according to claim 1, wherein The ventilation cap is a one-way ventilation cap, and the one-way ventilation cap only allows gas to flow unidirectionally from the inside of the box body to the accommodation space.

8. An engineering machinery, characterized in that, It includes the gear box according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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