Hinged parts and hinged devices for filtering and damping vibrations

Abstract

The invention relates to an articulated joint (1) for damping vibrations between an internal mechanical element and an external mechanical element, the articulated joint comprising a rigid internal reinforcement (2), a rigid external reinforcement (3), and a ring (4) made of at least one vibration-damping elastomeric material, the ring extending radially around an axial direction (X) between the internal reinforcement (2) and the external reinforcement (3). The invention is characterized in that a first side edge (41) of the ring (4) comprises a first ring portion (51, 52) defined by a first surface (411, 412) and a second ring portion (53, 54) defined by a second surface (413, 414), the first surface and the second surface being diametrically opposed with respect to the axial direction (X) and having, in the axial direction (X), a first axial elevation (X1, X2) and a second axial elevation (X3, X4) higher than the first axial elevation (X1, X2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hinge for filtering and damping vibrations.

[0002] The field of application of the invention relates to articulated connections between two elements, in particular in the automotive industry. Background Art

[0003] This type of hinge is known and comprises an internal reinforcement mounted around an internal mechanical element, an external reinforcement fixed to an external mechanical element, and a ring made of elastomeric material between the two reinforcements in order to filter and damp vibrations between the two elements.

[0004] For example, in the automotive industry, the inner element is fixed to the engine of a motor vehicle, while the outer element is fixed to the body of this motor vehicle in order to provide an elastic suspension of the engine on the body.

[0005] However, it has been observed that when the hinge is subjected to radial excitation of a certain frequency (ie transverse to the axial direction surrounded by the hinge), resonant modes appear in the elastomeric part of the hinge which produce a significant stiffness peak at this frequency.

[0006] As a result, when one of the two elements is subjected to vibrations, a large amount of vibration energy is transmitted from this element to the other element via the hinge, so that in the aforementioned example, the vibrations of the engine are transmitted to the body of the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to obtain an articulation for filtering and damping vibrations, which can be installed in an articulation between an inner element and an outer element, and which allows the stiffness peaks due to resonant modes in the case of radial excitation to be significantly attenuated or removed.

[0008] To this end, a first object of the present invention is an articulation for filtering and damping vibrations between an internal mechanical element and an external mechanical element, comprising:

[0009] - a rigid internal reinforcement surrounding the axial direction and intended to be fixed to the internal mechanical element into which it must be inserted;

[0010] a rigid external reinforcement surrounding the axial direction and intended to be fixed to the external mechanical element which must surround said external reinforcement; and

[0011] a ring made of at least one vibration-damping elastomeric material, the ring extending radially around the axial direction between the inner reinforcement and the outer reinforcement, the ring being fixed to the inner reinforcement and the outer reinforcement, the ring comprising a first side edge and a second side edge that are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction and that join the inner reinforcement to the outer reinforcement. The ring may be, for example, cylindrical or frustoconical in shape.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first side edge includes at least one first ring portion defined by at least one first surface, and at least one second ring portion defined by at least one second surface, the at least one first surface and the at least one second surface are diametrically opposite with respect to the axial direction, and respectively have at least one first axial elevation and at least one second axial elevation higher than the first axial elevation in the axial direction.

[0013] By means of the invention, the hinge prevents the occurrence of stiffness peaks associated with resonant modes due to radial excitations directed in the transverse direction. The fact that the first axial level is lower than the second axial level creates an asymmetry in the ring portion of the elastomeric ring in the transverse direction, which prevents amplification of excitations applied in this transverse direction.

[0014] For example, when a motor vehicle engine is suspended from the vehicle body via a hinge and oriented in a horizontal axial direction, the fact that the first ring portion defined by the first surface and the second ring portion defined by the second surface can be arranged one above the other prevents resonance peaks caused by radial excitation directed in the vertical direction. Thus, the hinge prevents vibrations from the engine from being amplified by the hinge and transmitted from the engine to the vehicle body.

[0015] A plurality of transverse directions may be provided that encounter one or more first ring portions defined by one or more first surfaces and one or more second ring portions defined by one or more second surfaces, the first and second ring portions having different axial elevations from one another.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the invention, the first axial elevation and the second axial elevation are obtained relative to a same transverse portion of the first side edge, which transverse portion is located in a same plane perpendicular to the axial direction and is separated from the first surface and from the second surface.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first axial elevation and the second axial elevation are, for example, taken relative to a transverse plane passing through the center of the first lateral edge.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first surface and the second surface are located on the first ring portion and protrude axially from the first side edge, respectively, and are located on the second ring portion and protrude axially from the first side edge, respectively. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first surface and the second surface are flat. Of course, the flat first surface and the flat second surface may also be non-flat, for example, by being circular.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first surface and the second surface are flat and perpendicular to the axial direction.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first ring portion extends along a first arc of a circle centered in the axial direction, and the second ring portion extends along a second arc of a circle centered in the axial direction.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first ring portion and the second ring portion extend in a stepped manner around the axial direction.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first surface and the second surface cover 360° around the axial direction.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first side edge includes a plurality of first surfaces and a plurality of second surfaces, the plurality of first surfaces being angularly offset around the axial direction and having first corresponding axial elevations different from each other, and the plurality of second surfaces being angularly offset around the axial direction and having second corresponding axial elevations different from each other.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first side edge comprises two flat protrusions as first ring portions, the two flat protrusions axially facing away from the first side edge, extending along two first arcs of a circle centered on the axial direction, two first surfaces of which are perpendicular to the axial direction, angularly offset around the axial direction, and have respective first axial elevations different from each other; and

[0025] The first side edge includes two flat protrusions as second ring parts, which are axially away from the first side edge and extend along two second arcs of a circle centered on the axial direction. Their second surfaces are perpendicular to the axial direction, angularly offset around the axial direction, and have corresponding second axial elevations different from each other.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first side edge includes a third surface for transitioning between the first surface and the second surface.

[0027] A second object of the present invention is an articulated device, characterized in that it comprises a first articulated part as described above, a second articulated part as described above, and an external mechanical element.

[0028] The external mechanical element includes walls defining a first shell and a second shell, the external reinforcement of the first hinge is assembled in the first shell, and the external reinforcement of the second hinge is assembled in the second shell, and the internal reinforcement of the first hinge and the internal reinforcement of the second hinge are aligned and around the same axial direction.

[0029] The first axial elevation of the first hinge and the second axial elevation of the first hinge are taken relative to the same transverse portion of the first lateral edge of the first hinge, or relative to a first transverse plane passing through the center of the first lateral edge of the first hinge.

[0030] The first axial elevation of the second hinge and the second axial elevation of the second hinge are taken relative to the same transverse portion of the first side edge of the second hinge, or relative to a second transverse plane passing through the center of the first side edge of the second hinge.

[0031] The transverse portion of the first side edge of the first hinge or the first transverse plane lies in the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction and is separated from the first surface of the first hinge and the second surface of the first hinge.

[0032] The transverse portion of the first side edge of the second hinge or the second transverse plane lies in the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction and is separated from the first surface of the second hinge and the second surface of the second hinge.

[0033] The first surface of the first hinge is aligned in the axial direction with the first or second surface of the second hinge, and the first or second surface of the second hinge has a first or second axial elevation of the second hinge that is different from the first axial elevation of the first surface of the first hinge.

[0034] The second surface of the first hinge is aligned in the axial direction with the first or second surface of the second hinge, and the first or second surface of the second hinge has a first or second axial elevation of the second hinge that is different from a second axial elevation of the second surface of the first hinge.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first side edge of the first hinge and the first side edge of the second hinge are axially rotated outward, and the second side edge of the first hinge and the second side edge of the second hinge are axially rotated toward each other.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the invention, the hinge device comprises an internal mechanical element which is assembled in the internal reinforcement of the first hinge and in the internal reinforcement of the second hinge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The invention will be better understood on reading the following description given purely by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0038] - Figures 1 to 4 is a schematic diagram of a hinge according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is a side view, a perspective view, an axial cross-sectional view and a perspective axial cross-sectional view;

[0039] - Figures 5 to 8 Schematic diagrams of an articulated device, including a side view, a perspective view, an axial cross-section, and a perspective axial cross-section, in which an articulated member according to an embodiment of the present invention may be installed,

[0040] - Figure 9 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a first example of elements on which a hinge according to one embodiment of the present invention may be mounted;

[0041] - Figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of a second example of an external mechanical element of an articulated device in which an articulated member according to one embodiment of the present invention may be mounted;

[0042] - Figure 11 is a schematic perspective view of a third example of elements on which a hinge according to one embodiment of the present invention may be mounted;

[0043] - Figure 12 is a schematic perspective view of a fourth example of elements on which a hinge according to one embodiment of the present invention may be mounted;

[0044] - Figure 13 An enhanced profile illustrating the axial elevation of the first and second ring portions of a hinge according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] - Figure 14 shows a curve providing the stiffness measured as a function of frequency of a hinge according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] - Figure 15 、 Figure 16 and Figure 17 Schematically showing a side view, an axial cross-sectional view, and stiffness measured according to frequency of a first comparative hinge device not having the first surface and the second surface according to the present invention, respectively;

[0047] - Figure 18 、 Figure 19 and Figure 20 schematically showing a side view, an axial cross-sectional view, and the stiffness measured according to frequency of a second comparative hinge device not having the first surface and the second surface according to the present invention, respectively;

[0048] - Figure 21 and Figure 22 1 is a schematic diagram of a hinge according to an embodiment of the present invention, including an axial cross-sectional view and a side view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] exist Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 In FIG. 1 , the hinge 1 according to the invention comprises a rigid inner reinforcement 2 , a rigid outer reinforcement 3 , and a ring 4 made of at least one elastomeric material.

[0050] A rigid internal reinforcement 2 surrounds the axial direction X. This internal reinforcement 2 may be in the form of a tube, for example, with a circular internal cross-section surrounding the axial direction X. The internal reinforcement 2 may be made, for example, of a synthetic material, such as plastic, or may be metal, such as aluminum.

[0051] The internal reinforcement 2 is intended to be fixed to the internal mechanical element 100, for example by press-fitting. To this end, the internal mechanical element 100 is inserted into the internal reinforcement 2 in the axial direction X. In one embodiment, an internal mechanical element 100 of a motor vehicle can be provided, which is connected, for example, to the engine of the motor vehicle, which can be an internal combustion engine or a thermal engine and / or another type of engine, such as an electric motor for fully or partially propelling the vehicle. Figure 9 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 An example of such an internal mechanical element 100 of a motor vehicle engine is shown in . Of course, any other type of internal mechanical element 100 may be provided.

[0052] A ring 4 made of at least one elastomeric material for damping vibrations is fixed around the internal reinforcement 2. The ring 4 is fixed, for example, by adhering the elastomeric material to the peripheral surface of the internal reinforcement 2. According to one embodiment, the ring 4 is made of or comprises rubber.

[0053] A rigid external reinforcement 3 is fixed around this ring 4. The ring 4 and the external reinforcement 3 are around the axial direction X. The ring 4 extends radially around the axial direction X between the internal reinforcement 2 and the external reinforcement 3. The external reinforcement 3 is intended to be fixed to the external mechanical element 200, for example by press-fitting. When the external mechanical element 200 is fixed to the external reinforcement 3, this external mechanical element 200 surrounds this external reinforcement 3 around the axial direction X. In one embodiment, an external mechanical element 200 for a motor vehicle can be provided, which external mechanical element is connected, for example, to the body of the motor vehicle. Figures 5 to 12 An example of such an external mechanical element 200 for a body of a motor vehicle is shown in . Of course, any other type of external mechanical element 200 may be provided.

[0054] exist Figures 1 to 22 In [ 1 ], the axial direction X is a geometric or imaginary direction. The transverse directions and transverse planes are imaginary and geometric. The radial directions and diameters are imaginary and geometric. The transverse directions and transverse planes are perpendicular to the axial direction X. The radial directions and diameters are transverse directions that intersect the axial direction X. The angle ANG is imaginary and geometric and is obtained by rotating around the axial direction X. The axial plane is imaginary and geometric and is a plane passing through the axial direction X.

[0055] A first lateral flank 41 of the ring 4 and a second lateral flank 42 of the ring 4 join the inner reinforcement 2 to the outer reinforcement 3. The first lateral flank 41 and the second lateral flank 42 are spaced apart in the axial direction X from each other.

[0056] The first lateral skirt 41 may include one or more transverse edge portions 40 , which lie in the same transverse plane and may be circular about the axial direction X. For example, an inner collar 401 may be provided as the transverse edge portion 40 , which extends against the inner reinforcement 2 about the axial direction X. The transverse edge portion 40 of the first lateral skirt 41 may also include an outer collar 402 , which extends against the outer reinforcement 3 about the axial direction X. Between the inner collar 401 and the outer collar 402 , the first lateral skirt 41 includes a skirt 403 (referred to as an intermediate skirt 403 ).

[0057] The axial direction X is oriented from the second side edge 42 of the hinge device 10 toward the first side edge 41, in which direction the hinge 1 must be installed. Hereinafter, the axial elevation is taken in the axial direction X oriented from the second side edge 42 toward the first side edge 41 and may also be referred to as the axial height.

[0058] In one embodiment, the inner collar 401 is further forward than the second outer collar 402 in the outer direction X. The intermediate skirt 403 is provided in an indentation 404 of the skirt 41 between the outer collar 402 and the inner collar 401. The skirt 403 is inclined, for example by rising from the inner collar 401 to the outer collar 402, and the skirt 403 may be partially conical.

[0059] According to the present invention, the first side edge 41 includes at least one first ring portion 51 defined by a first surface 411 having a first corresponding axial elevation X1, and at least one second ring portion 53 defined by a second surface 413, which is diametrically opposite to the first surface 411 with respect to the axial direction X and has a second axial elevation X3 in the axial direction X that is higher than the first axial elevation X1.

[0060] Diametrically opposed portions or parts of the first surface 411 or 412 and the second surface 413 or 414 are separated by an angle ANG of 180° around the axial direction X and are at the same distance from this axial direction X.

[0061] Therefore, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 22 As shown, a transverse diameter R between the first surface 411 and the second surface 413 (which transverse diameter intersects the axial direction X in a transverse plane) encounters two different axial elevations X1 and X3 in the first lateral edge 41 .

[0062] When radial excitation is applied, the ring portions 51 and 53, defined by surfaces 411 and 413, respectively, having axial heights X1 and X3 that differ from one another, modify the modal behavior of the joint and thus counteract the buildup of resonances, allowing a reduction in the dynamic stiffness of the joint 1. The first and second ring portions act as a plurality of carefully positioned vibration dampers (flappers). This allows the level of the elastomeric ring modes to be attenuated, and thus allows the transmission of vibrations from the inner reinforcement 2 to the outer reinforcement 3 (and vice versa), and therefore to their mechanical environment, to be reduced by the elements 100 and 200.

[0063] The diameter R may be, for example, in the vertical direction.For example, the hinge 1 may be arranged such that the second ring portion 53 and the ring portion 51 are perpendicular to each other.

[0064] The first axial elevation X1 and the second axial elevation X3 can be, for example, taken relative to a transverse portion 40 of the first lateral edge 41 , which has its own constant axial elevation around the axial direction X. The transverse portion 40 is separated from the first surface 411 and from the second surface 413 . For example, the first axial elevation X1 and the second axial elevation X3 are taken relative to the inner collar 401 or relative to the outer collar 402 , each of which has its own constant axial elevation around the axial direction X.

[0065] The loop portions 51 and 53 (and / or the loop portions 52 and 54 described above) may have the same transverse thickness E and / or be located approximately in the center of the side edges 41 and / or 403, with the thickness E being approximately Figure 3 and Figure 21 A plurality of different masses 51 and 53 (and / or 52 and 54) are obtained which modify the modal behavior of the joint 1 .

[0066] exist Figure 7 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 , the first axial elevation X1 and the second axial elevation X3 may be taken, for example, relative to a transverse plane P passing through the lateral edge 403. This transverse plane P, for example, passes through the intersection of the lateral edge 41 and a cylinder C of diameter D passing through the center of the lateral edge 41 and / or 403, and / or through the center of the ring portions 51 and 53 (and / or the center of the ring portions 52 and 54).

[0067] exist Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 In one embodiment shown, the second side edge 42 has a smaller transverse width than its first side edge 41. The ring 4 includes a first ring portion 43 located on one side of the first side edge 41, and a second ring portion 44 located on one side of the second side edge 42 and connected to the first ring portion 43, the second ring portion 44 having a smaller transverse width than the first ring portion 43. The second rear ring portion 44 may be axially ribbed. Between the first side edge 41 and the second side edge 42, the first ring portion 43 includes an intermediate edge 45, the transverse width of which ranges between the transverse widths of the first side edge 41 and the transverse width of the second side edge 42. The external reinforcement 3 covers the first ring portion 43 from the first lateral edge 31 to the intermediate side edge 45. The external reinforcement 3 comprises a front portion 31 (e.g. a cylindrical portion covering the external collar 402) starting from a first lateral edge 41 and extending via a rear portion 32 up to a medial edge 45, the rear portion having a transverse width that narrows, for example, in a frustoconical manner. In other embodiments, the rear portion 32 may be cylindrical about the axial direction X or may have another shape.

[0068] In Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 shown in one embodiment, a plurality of ring portions 51 and 52 defined by first surfaces 411, 412 respectively may be provided, the plurality of ring portions being angularly offset about the axial direction X and having different first respective axial elevations X1, X2 from each other, and for example, two first ring portions 51 and 52 defined by first surfaces 411 and 412 respectively, and two second ring portions 53 and 54 defined by second surfaces 413 and 414 respectively may be provided. A plurality of second ring portions 53 and 54 may be provided, the plurality of ring portions being diametrically opposite to the first respective ring portions 51 and 52, angularly offset about the axial direction X, and having different respective second axial elevations X3, X4 from each other. The second axial elevation X4 of the second surface 414 is higher than the first axial elevation X2 of the first surface 412. These other first surfaces 412 and second surfaces 414 allow the angular operating range of the hinge 1 to extend about the axial direction X. As in Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 shown, for example, 0 < X2 < X1 < X4 < X3 may be had. Of course, only one, two or more than two first ring portions 51 may be provided. Of course, only one, two or more than two second ring portions 53 may be provided.

[0069] In Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​In one embodiment shown, the first ring portion 51 defined by the surface 411 extends along a first arc of a circle centered in the axial direction X, and the second ring portion 53 defined by the surface 413 extends along a second arc of a circle centered in the axial direction X, and / or the first ring portion 52 defined by the surface 412 extends along another first arc of a circle centered in the axial direction X, and / or the second ring portion 54 defined by the surface 414 extends along another second arc of a circle centered in the axial direction X.

[0071] For example, the first ring portions 51 and / or 52 and the second ring portions 53 and / or 54 cover an angle ANG of 360° around the axial direction X. This ensures that, regardless of the arrangement of the first ring portions 51 and / or 52 and the second ring portions 53 and / or 54 around the horizontally arranged axial direction X, a vertical direction intersecting the axial direction X will always encounter a portion of the first surface 411 and / or 412 and a portion of the second surface 413 and / or 414 at mutually different axial elevations, so as to counteract the establishment of resonances in the event of vertical excitation. Thus, according to one embodiment, a ring is added to the flank 41 and / or 403, consisting of the ring portions 51, 52, 53 and 54 having different masses that modify the modal behavior of the hinge 1.

[0072] exist Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 In one embodiment shown, the first side edge 41 may include a third transition surface 61 rising from the first surface 412 to the first surface 411, a third transition surface 62 rising from the first surface 412 to the second surface 413, a third transition surface 63 descending from the second surface 413 to the second surface 414, and a third transition surface 64 descending from the second surface 414 to the first surface 411. These transition surfaces 61, 62, 63, 64 have, for example, a pitch greater than 45° and, for example, a flat pitch relative to the transverse plane, for example, a pitch less than 20° relative to the axial direction X, or are substantially axial.

[0073] exist Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 In one embodiment shown, each first ring portion 51 and 52 occupies an angular sector (ANG) of, for example, approximately 90°, and each second ring portion 53 and 54 occupies an angular sector (ANG) of, for example, approximately 90°. The axial elevations X1, X2, X3, X4 may be multiples of the same step. Figures 1 to 12 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 The hinge 1 shown, Figure 13The upper part shows in these cases by way of example on the ordinate X the axial heights X1, X2, X3 and X4 of the surfaces 411, 412, 413 and 414 around the axial direction X as a function of the angular positions ANG on the abscissa, which are multiples of the same step height.

[0074] Of course, the first surface and the second surface may be provided in any shapes other than those shown in the drawings.

[0075] Figure 14 The vertical axis shows the Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 The dynamic stiffness k (in N / mn) of the joint 1 of the described embodiment is measured as a function of the frequency f (in Hz) on the abscissa. Figure 14 It is shown that the stiffness k of the sleeve 1 according to the invention has a relatively flat frequency spectrum from 0 Hz to 1,600 Hz, which spectrum has no significant resonance peaks.

[0076] In comparison, Figure 17 The vertical axis shows the Figure 15 and Figure 16 The dynamic stiffness k (in N / mn) of an articulated device A, measured as a function of the frequency f (in Hz) on the abscissa, not according to the invention and not including the above reference Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 The first and second ring parts according to the invention are described, but the hinge device comprises a flank 403 which is strictly conical and has no projection between the outer collar 402 and the inner collar 401 . Figure 17 It is shown that this joint A has, in the case shown, a high resonance peak PR of its dynamic stiffness at a frequency of approximately 980 Hz.

[0077] Figure 18 and Figure 19 Another articulation device B is shown which is not according to the invention and does not include the above referenced Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 Instead of the first and second ring parts according to the invention described, the hinge device comprises a ring S on the side edge 403, which is on a completely flat surface of the hinge device and is perpendicular to the axial direction X, thus completely surrounding said direction between the outer shaft ring 402 and the inner shaft ring 401. Figure 20 The vertical axis shows Figure 18 and Figure 19 The dynamic stiffness (in N / mn) of this sleeve B, measured as a function of the frequency (in Hz) on the abscissa. Figure 20 It is shown that this sleeve B comprises, in the case shown, a first resonance peak P1 at a frequency of approximately 650 Hz and a second resonance peak P2 at a frequency of approximately 1,150 Hz. This articulation reduces the level of stiffness, but at a lower rate than the present invention.

[0078] therefore, Figure 14 This invention allows Figure 17 and Figure 20 The resonance peak is removed.

[0079] exist Figures 5 to 12 In the embodiment of the present invention, the hinge 1 is installed in an articulation device 10 (also referred to as hinge 10). The articulation device 10 includes at least one articulation 1 as described above. The articulation device 10 also includes a second articulation 1' according to the present invention (similar to the articulation 1 described above) and an external mechanical element 200. The articulation device 10 allows the external mechanical element 200 to be connected relative to the internal mechanical element 100 and can serve as a device for filtering and damping vibrations between the internal mechanical element 100 and the external mechanical element 200.

[0080] The second hinge 1 ' is for example Figures 1 to 13 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 The hinge 1 of the embodiment is the same as or similar to the first hinge 1 of the embodiment described above. The parts forming the second hinge 1 'are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first hinge 1, but are further denoted by reference numeral '.

[0081] The external mechanical element 200 surrounds the external reinforcement 3 of the first hinge 1 and the external reinforcement 3 ' of the second hinge 1 ' around the axial direction X. The external mechanical element 200 comprises a wall 210 defining a first shell 201, in which the external reinforcement 3 of the first hinge 1 is mounted, and a second shell 202, in which the external reinforcement 3 ' of the second hinge 1 ' is mounted. In the external mechanical element 200, the internal reinforcement 2 of the first hinge 1 and the internal reinforcement 2 ' of the second hinge 1 ' are aligned and around the same axial direction X. The wall 210 has, for example, an inner surface (rotating towards the external reinforcements 3 and 3 ') that is cylindrical and circular around the axial direction X.

[0082] The wall 210 comprises on its inner surface a rib 211 positioned so as to project inwards and around the axial direction X and defining an axial opening 214 passed by the second lateral edges 42 and 42 ′. The rib 211 has a circular axial opening 214 around the axial direction X, for example.

[0083] The hinges 1 and 1 ' are mounted with their second ring portions 44, 44', one against the other and facing the internal rib 211 in the opening 214, in which the second side edges 42 and 42' abut one against the other. The rib 211 may comprise inclined side edges 212 extending from the opening 214 to the inner surface of the wall 201, these inclined side edges 212 being inclined or frustoconical, for example, in the same manner as the rear portion 32, so as to act as a support for this rear portion 32. The rib 211 is situated between the median edge 45 of the sleeve 1 and the median edge 45' of the sleeve 1 '.

[0084] As described above, the first axial elevation X1 and / or X2 of the first hinge 1, and the second axial elevation X3 and / or X4 of the first hinge 1 are obtained relative to the same transverse portion 40 (for example, 401 or 402) of the first side edge 41 of the first hinge 1, and the first axial elevation X1' and / or X2' of the second hinge 1', and the second axial elevation X3' and / or X4' of the second hinge 1' are obtained relative to the same transverse portion 40' of the first side edge 41' of the first hinge 1' corresponding to the transverse portion 40 (for example, 401' corresponds to 401 or 402' corresponds to 402). As previously mentioned, this transverse portion 40, 401 or 402 lies in the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction X and is distinct from the first surfaces 411 and / or 412 and from the second surfaces 413 and / or 414. The transverse portion 40', 401' or 402' of the first lateral edge 41' of the second hinge 1' lies in the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction X and is separated from the first surfaces 411' and / or 412' of the second hinge 1' and from the second surfaces 413' and / or 414' of the second hinge 1'. The first ring portion 51 is aligned in the axial direction X (at the same angle ANG) with the first or second ring portion 52', 53' or 54' of the second hinge 1', which has a first or second axial elevation X2', X3' or X4' of the second hinge 1', which is different from the first axial elevation X1. The second ring portion 52 is aligned in the axial direction X (at the same angle ANG) with the first or second ring portion 51 ', 53 ', or 54 ' of the second hinge 2, which has a first or second axial elevation X1 ', X3 ', or X4 ' of the second hinge 1 ', which differs from the second axial elevation X2. Thus, any axial plane intersects surfaces having different axial elevations. With this arrangement, the axially aligned ring portions of the first and second hinges 1 ', 1 ', counteract the buildup of resonance due to their different axial elevations.

[0085] For example, as in Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 13As shown, the first ring portion 51 is axially aligned with the second ring portion 54' of the second hinge member 1', the first ring portion 53 is axially aligned with the second ring portion 52' of the second hinge member 1', the second ring portion 52 is axially aligned with the first ring portion 51' of the second hinge member 1', and the second ring portion 54 is axially aligned with the first ring portion 53' of the second hinge member 1'.

[0086] In Figure 7 In another example shown, the second ring portion 52 is axially aligned with the first ring portion 53' of the second hinge member 1', the second ring portion 54 is axially aligned with the first ring portion 51' of the second hinge member 1', the first ring portion 51 is axially aligned with the second ring portion 52' of the second hinge member 1', and the first ring portion 53 is axially aligned with the second ring portion 54' of the second hinge member 1'.

[0087] For example, 0 < X2 < X1 < X4 < X3 and 0 < X2' < X1' < X4' < X3'.

[0088] As Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figures 9 to 12 shown, in the position for installing the hinge members 1 and 1' in the external mechanical element 200, the first side edges 41 and 41' rotate axially outward. In addition, in this embodiment, the hinge device 10 includes an internal mechanical element 100, which is assembled into the internal reinforcement 3 of the first hinge member 1 and the internal reinforcement 3' of the second hinge member 1'. Therefore, the internal mechanical element 100 axially passes through the internal reinforcements 2 and 2'. The internal mechanical element 100 and the external mechanical element 200 can each take any shape. For example, in Figure 10 and Figure 11 , in addition to the cylindrical wall 210, the external mechanical element 200 further includes a bracket 22环绕轴向方向X而围绕壁210并固定至此壁210的支架220,此支架220可以固定至机动车辆的车身,而轴向穿过内部加强件3和3’的内部机械元件100可以固定至机动车辆的发动机。例如,在 Figure 9 and Figure 12 , the wall 210 is integral with a fixing member 230 including, for example, a fixing bracket 231 for fixing to the body of a motor vehicle, and the internal mechanical element 100 axially passing through the internal reinforcements 3 and 3' can be rod-shaped and include a fixing member 101 (for example, in this case, a hole transversely passing through the element 100) for fixing to the engine of a motor vehicle.

[0089] Of course, the hinge members 1 and 1' can be cylindrical or frustoconical or any other circular shape.

[0090] Of course, in another embodiment of the invention, the hinges 1 and 1 ′ may be integral, ie molded from a single piece with one or more external reinforcements and one or more internal reinforcements.

[0091] Of course, the above-mentioned embodiments, features, possibilities and examples can be combined with one another or can be selected independently of one another.

Claims

1. A hinge (1) for filtering and damping vibrations between an internal mechanical element (100) and an external mechanical element (200), the hinge (1) comprising: - a rigid internal reinforcement (2) surrounding the axial direction (X) and intended to be fixed to the internal mechanical element (100) into which it must be inserted; - a rigid external reinforcement (3) surrounding the axial direction (X) and intended to be fixed to the external mechanical element (200) which must surround said external reinforcement; as well as a ring (4) made of at least one vibration-damping elastomeric material, extending radially around the axial direction (X) between the inner reinforcement (2) and the outer reinforcement (3) and fixed to the inner reinforcement (2) and the outer reinforcement (3), the ring (4) comprising a first side edge (41) and a second side edge (42) moving away from each other in the axial direction (X) and joining the inner reinforcement (2) to the outer reinforcement (3), The invention is characterized in that the first side edge (41) comprises at least one first ring portion (51, 52) defined by at least one first surface (411, 412), and at least one second ring portion (53, 54) defined by at least one second surface (413, 414), the at least one first surface and the at least one second surface being separated by an angle ANG of 180° in diameter with respect to the axial direction (X) and being at the same distance from the axial direction X, and having at least one first axial elevation (X1, X2) in the axial direction (X), and being greater than the first axial elevation (X1, X2). At least one second axial elevation (X3, X4) higher than the axial elevation (X1, X2), wherein the transverse diameter between the first surface and the second surface encounters two different axial elevations in the first side edge (41), the first axial elevation (X1, X2) and the second axial elevation (X3, X4) being taken relative to a same transverse portion (40) of the first side edge (41), the transverse portion (40) being located in a same plane perpendicular to the axial direction (X) and being separated from the first surface (411, 412) and from the second surface (413, 414).

2. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The first axial elevation (X1, X2) and the second axial elevation (X3, X4) are obtained relative to a transverse plane (P) passing through the center of the first side edge (41), which transverse plane (P) passes through the intersection of the first side edge (41) and a cylinder (C) with a diameter D, which passes through the center of the first side edge (41) and / or (403), and / or through the center of the first ring portion (51) and the second ring portion (53), and / or the center of the first ring portion (52) and the second ring portion (54).

3. A hinge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first surface (411, 412) and the second surface (413, 414) are respectively located on the first ring portion (51, 52) and protrude axially from the first side edge (41), and are located on the second ring portion (53, 54) and protrude axially from the first side edge (41).

4. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The first surface (411, 412) and the second surface (413, 414) are flat.

5. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The first surface (411, 412) and the second surface (413, 414) are flat and perpendicular to the axial direction (X).

6. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The first ring portion (51, 52) extends along a first arc of a circle centered on the axial direction (X), and the second ring portion (53, 54) extends along a second arc of a circle centered on the axial direction (X).

7. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The first ring portion (51, 52) and the second ring portion (53, 54) extend in a stepped manner around the axial direction (X).

8. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The first surface (411, 412) and the second surface (413, 414) cover 360° around the axial direction (X).

9. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein: The first side edge (41) includes a plurality of first surfaces (411, 412) and a plurality of second surfaces (413, 414), the plurality of first surfaces being angularly offset around the axial direction (X) and having first corresponding axial elevations different from each other, and the plurality of second surfaces being angularly offset around the axial direction (X) and having second corresponding axial elevations different from each other.

10. The hinge according to claim 9, wherein: The first side edge (41) includes two flat protrusions as first ring portions (51, 52), the two flat protrusions extending axially away from the first side edge (41) along two first arcs of a circle centered on the axial direction (X), and having two first surfaces (411, 412) perpendicular to the axial direction (X), angularly offset around the axial direction (X), and having respective first axial elevations (X1, X2) different from each other; and The first side edge (41) includes two flat protrusions as second ring portions (53, 54), which extend axially away from the first side edge (41) along two second arcs of a circle centered on the axial direction (X), and whose second surfaces (413, 414) are perpendicular to the axial direction (X), are angularly offset around the axial direction (X), and have respective second axial elevations (X3, X4) different from each other.

11. The hinge according to claim 1, wherein The first side edge (41) includes a third surface (61, 62, 63, 64) for transitioning between the first surface (411, 412) and the second surface (413, 414).

12. A hinge device (10), characterized in that: The articulated device comprises two articulated parts according to any one of the preceding claims, namely a first articulated part and a second articulated part (1'), and an external mechanical element (200), The external mechanical element (200) comprises a wall (210) delimiting a first shell (201) and a second shell (202), the external reinforcement (3) of the first hinge being fitted in the first shell and the external reinforcement (3') of the second hinge (1') being fitted in the second shell, the internal reinforcement (2) of the first hinge and the internal reinforcement (2') of the second hinge (1') being aligned and oriented around the same axial direction (X), The first axial elevation (X1, X2) of the first hinge and the second axial elevation (X3, X4) of the first hinge are taken relative to the same transverse portion (40, 401, 402) of the first lateral edge (41) of the first hinge, or relative to a first transverse plane (P) passing through the center of the first lateral edge (41) of the first hinge, The first axial elevation (X1', X2') of the second hinge (1') and the second axial elevation (X3', X4') of the second hinge (1') are taken relative to the same transverse portion (40', 401', 402') of the first side edge (41') of the second hinge (1'), or relative to a second transverse plane (P') passing through the center of the first side edge (41') of the second hinge (1'), The transverse portion (40, 401, 402) of the first side edge (41) of the first hinge or the first transverse plane (P) lies in the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction (X) and is separated from the first surface (411, 412) of the first hinge and from the second surface (413, 414) of the first hinge, The transverse portion (40', 401', 402') of the first side edge (41') of the second hinge (1') or the second transverse plane (P') is located in the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction (X) and is separated from the first surface (411', 412') of the second hinge (1') and from the second surface (413', 414') of the second hinge (1'), The first surface (411) of the first hinge is aligned with the first or second surface (412', 413', 414') of the second hinge (1') in the axial direction (X), the first or second surface of the second hinge having a first or second axial elevation (X2', X3', X4') of the second hinge (1') that is different from the first axial elevation of the first surface (411) of the first hinge, The second surface of the first hinge is aligned with the first or second surface (411', 413', 414') of the second hinge (1') in the axial direction (X), and the first or second surface of the second hinge has a first or second axial elevation (X1', X3', X4') of the second hinge (1') that is different from the second axial elevation of the second surface of the first hinge.

13. The hinge device according to claim 12, wherein: The first side edge (41) of the first hinge and the first side edge (41') of the second hinge (1') are axially away from each other, and the second side edge (42) of the first hinge and the second side edge (42') of the second hinge (1') are axially facing each other.

14. The hinge device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: The hinge device comprises an internal mechanical element (100) which is assembled in the internal reinforcement (2) of the first hinge and in the internal reinforcement (2') of the second hinge (1').

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