A surgical instrument for piercing tissue

Abstract

The present application relates to a surgical instrument for piercing tissue, comprising an outer member for defining a longitudinal axis and having an outer peripheral wall; an inner member at least partially disposed within the outer member, the inner member including a piercing member adjacent a distal end of the outer member; the inner member being movable relative to the outer member in a longitudinal direction and enabling a puncture through tissue in a state in which the piercing member is at least partially exposed from the outer peripheral wall; the inner member being movable relative to the outer member in a direction away from the distal end of the outer member, the inner member enabling at least partial radial outward expansion of the active member to thereby effect dilation of the elastic membrane, compared with the prior art, the present application has the advantage that the active member enables at least partial radial outward expansion to thereby effect dilation of the elastic membrane, thereby forming a structure similar to a "balloon or is balloon", thereby playing a role of fixing the surgical instrument for piercing tissue on the body wall of the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to surgical instruments for minimally invasive surgical procedures, such as endoscopic or laparoscopic surgery, and more particularly to a surgical instrument for puncturing tissue, such as a trocar. Background Technology

[0002] Laparoscopic surgery is currently the most widely used minimally invasive surgical procedure in clinical practice. During the procedure, a laparoscopic trocar is inserted through the skin to pierce the body wall (chest, abdomen, waist, etc.), leaving the trocar's sheath inside the abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity, or retroperitoneal cavity. Surgical instruments are then inserted through the channel within the trocar to perform the corresponding surgical operations on the tissues and organs within these cavities. The laparoscopic trocar is an essential instrument in this surgery. However, existing laparoscopic trocar sheaths lack effective fixation devices after insertion into the body cavity, frequently resulting in sheath dislodgement or further insertion during the procedure. Excessive insertion of the trocar sheath carries the risk of organ damage, obstructs the laparoscopic view, and makes the manipulation of surgical instruments difficult, such as various forceps, clamps, ultrasonic scalpel tips, and needle holders. Frequent sheath dislodgement forces the surgeon to repeatedly insert and insert the sheath, severely impacting the progress and quality of the surgery and increasing patient trauma. Furthermore, during laparoscopic surgery, carbon dioxide gas needs to be injected into the body cavity to expand it and facilitate the operation of surgical instruments. Because a relatively large gap may exist between the trocar sheath and the puncture channel in the body wall, this easily leads to gas leakage. Excessive gas leakage can cause the body cavity to collapse due to decompression, severely interfering with the surgical procedure; overflowing gas entering the subcutaneous loose adipose tissue can also form extensive subcutaneous emphysema, increasing patient suffering. Currently, the most commonly used method for fixing the trocar sheath in clinical practice is the skin suture method, which involves suturing the skin at the puncture site, passing the suture through a pre-designed side hole in the trocar sheath wall, and then tying the suture to secure the sheath. This method is simple and convenient, effectively preventing sheath dislodgement, but it cannot solve the problems of excessively deep sheath insertion and gas leakage. In response to the lack of a comprehensive fixation method for trocars used in laparoscopic surgery, different researchers have designed various auxiliary fixation structures or devices for trocars with a fixation function. For example, the Chinese utility model patent with patent number ZL201520070627.4 (authorization announcement number CN204428128U) "Laparoscopic Puncture Cannula Fixation Base" includes an elastic rubber fixing disc that can be fitted over the puncture instrument sheath. In use, the elastic tightening effect of the rubber material is used to fix the disc and the sheath relative to each other, while the bottom of the disc is fixed to the skin at the puncture site of the human body wall by sutures. Alternatively, a similar external fixation method can be used, such as the Chinese utility model patent No. ZL201420300864.0 (CN203915028U) "A Positioning Ring for a Laparoscopic Puncture Device". This patent discloses the use of bolts to achieve relative fixation between the puncture device sheath and its external fixation device. This external fixation method can play a certain role in preventing the puncture device sheath from being inserted too deeply and / or dislodging. However, in actual surgical operations, the puncture device sheath is repeatedly subjected to torsion and pushing and pulling forces, and there is still a significant risk of loosening between the sheath and its outer fixing device. Moreover, the outer fixing device will inevitably limit the rotation angle of the puncture device sheath to a certain extent, interfering with the operation of surgical instruments. This is particularly significant when operating instruments in relatively deep and narrow cavities such as the retroperitoneal cavity.Therefore, a Chinese utility model patent with patent number ZL201520146655.X (authorization announcement number CN204581447U) entitled "Laparoscopic Anti-detachment Hemostatic Puncture Device" describes a puncture device that, after entering the abdominal cavity, inflates a balloon by injecting gas or liquid into the inflation / liquid channel through an inflation port, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the instrument. However, this puncture device still requires inflation of gas or liquid after entering the abdominal cavity to inflate the balloon. Setting an inflation port and inflation / liquid channel on the puncture device not only easily leads to a larger diameter of the puncture device sheath, but also increases the manufacturing and usage costs of the balloon-equipped puncture device. Therefore, further improvements to the existing puncture device are needed.

[0003] In addition, balloon puncture devices are also used in clinical practice for laparoscopic gastric surgery. During this procedure, the balloon puncture device is directly inserted into the stomach through the abdominal wall. However, this method is costly and limited in its widespread use. Furthermore, inflating the balloon requires a pre-existing inflation tube in the tube wall, increasing the tube wall thickness and the puncture device diameter. This increases the risk of damage to the abdominal and gastric walls during puncture. The thicker tube wall also prevents the use of transparent materials, thus affecting the surgical field of vision and increasing surgical risks. Therefore, this method has not yet been widely adopted. On the other hand, after the stomach is inflated, some gas will inevitably flow into the intestines, causing postoperative abdominal distension and hindering the recovery of intestinal function. Moreover, some gas overflowing from the mouth affects the operating space within the stomach, making it difficult to expose and manipulate the lesion. Furthermore, during the resection of gastric wall masses, there is a risk of gastric wall perforation, causing gas to spill into the abdominal cavity. This not only affects the maintenance of gastric manipulation but, more importantly, can lead to gastric fluid and tumor contamination of the abdominal cavity, violating the fundamental principles of surgical aseptic and tumor-free procedures. Therefore, a dedicated trocar for gastric laparoscopic surgery without gastric puncture is clearly necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument for piercing tissue that can fix a cannula for insertion of surgical instruments without the need for filling with gas or liquid, in light of the above-mentioned existing technology.

[0005] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument for puncturing tissue that can minimize the inhalation of pneumoperitoneum gas during gastric surgery, in light of the above-mentioned existing technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the first technical problem mentioned above is as follows: the surgical instrument for piercing tissue includes:

[0007] An external member that defines the longitudinal axis and has an outer peripheral wall;

[0008] An internal component, which is at least partially disposed within an external component, includes a perforated component adjacent to the distal end of the external component;

[0009] The internal component is movable relative to the external component in the longitudinal direction and can achieve puncture through tissue when the perforating component is at least partially exposed from the outer peripheral wall;

[0010] Its characteristic is that it also includes:

[0011] A movable component, disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the external member, has a movable foot that can extend into the outer peripheral wall;

[0012] An actuating part, disposed on the outer surface of the internal component, has a socket into which a movable leg can be inserted; and

[0013] An elastic membrane is used to cover the moving parts;

[0014] When the internal component moves relative to the external component in a direction away from the external component, the movable component can undergo at least a local radial outward expansion deformation, thereby expanding the elastic membrane.

[0015] To better achieve the expansion of the elastic membrane, preferably, the outer peripheral wall of the outer component is provided with a limiting notch to restrict the movement path of the movable leg of the movable member. When the inner component moves relative to the outer component in a direction away from the outer component, it undergoes circumferential deflection. Under the actuation of this deflection force, the movable member can undergo at least a local radial outward expansion deformation. When the inner component moves relative to the outer component in the longitudinal direction to expose the perforating member (defined as the forward direction of the inner component), it can pass through the patient's body wall for puncture. Then, when the inner component moves in the backward direction (i.e., the inner component moves relative to the outer component in a direction away from the outer component), the insertion port of the actuating part of the inner component and the movable leg that can drive the movable member undergo radial outward expansion deformation. The actuation of the deflection force is designed to form an "internal component rotation" to expand the elastic membrane, and then to form a reverse "internal component rotation" to remove the inner component from the outer component, so as to facilitate the use of surgical instruments inserted in the outer component for surgery.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting notch includes a first notch parallel to the longitudinal axis of the external member and a second notch perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the external member, the first notch and the second notch being connected; when the internal member moves relative to the external member in a direction far from the external member, it can undergo circumferential deflection, and the movable leg of the movable member can move from the first notch to the second notch. By the movable leg of the movable member moving from the first notch to the second notch, the internal member "turns" and expands the elastic membrane.

[0017] Furthermore, the movable component includes at least two sub-movable components that form a circumference around the outer peripheral wall of the outer component. Each sub-movable component includes a fixed portion adjacent to the distal end of the outer component and a free portion away from the distal end of the outer component. The movable component further includes a movable ring for connecting the fixed portions of the sub-movable components together. Correspondingly, the movable ring has a first annular groove connecting the fixed portions of the sub-movable components together. Each sub-movable component includes a corresponding movable foot connected to the movable ring, and the movable foot of each sub-movable component has an inclined surface that deflects circumferentially. Using the movable ring as a reference, the fixed portions of each sub-movable component are connected to the movable ring. The free ends of each sub-movable component can deform radially outward with their respective fixed portions as support points. The movable feet of each sub-movable component, having inclined surfaces that deflect circumferentially, can better move from the first notch to the second notch.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer peripheral wall of the external component also includes a limiting ring adjacent to the free portion of each of the sub-moving components, the free portion of each sub-moving component abutting against the limiting ring, thereby enabling the internal component to apply force to the free portion of each sub-moving component through the limiting ring and drive each sub-moving component to undergo radially outward expansion deformation.

[0019] To achieve the expansion of the elastic membrane, preferably, the limiting ring has a second annular groove at its distal end away from the external component, and the movable ring has a third annular groove at its proximal end adjacent to the external component, with the two outer edges of the elastic membrane respectively connected to the second and third annular grooves.

[0020] Furthermore, the internal component also includes an operating part located away from the distal end of the external component, for the surgeon to manipulate the internal component to move relative to the external component. The outer peripheral wall of the external component has a mounting hole for mounting the perforated component. The internal component has at least two protrusions protruding from the outer surface of the internal component and an annular protrusion located at the end of each protrusion near the mounting hole. The gap between adjacent protrusions and the annular protrusion together form a socket for inserting a movable foot.

[0021] Furthermore, the protrusions are a first protrusion parallel to the longitudinal axis of the internal component and a second protrusion extending from the first protrusion toward the longitudinal axis of the internal component. The width of the second protrusion extending circumferentially is smaller than that of the first protrusion. A first socket is formed between adjacent first protrusions, and a second socket is formed between adjacent second protrusions and the annular protrusion. When the internal component moves relative to the external component in a direction away from the external component, the movable feet of each of the sub-moving members enter the first socket of the internal component. When the internal component undergoes its own circumferential deflection, the movable feet of each of the sub-moving members can enter the second socket of the internal component, thereby enabling the movable feet of the moving member to move from the first notch to the second notch, ultimately allowing the moving member to undergo at least a partial radial outward expansion deformation.

[0022] Each of the sub-moving components' movable feet enters the first insertion port of the internal component, and while the internal component is circumferentially deflected, each of the sub-moving components' movable feet can enter the second insertion port of the internal component. When each sub-moving component enters the second insertion port of the internal component, as the internal component moves in a direction away from the external component relative to the external component, the movable feet of each component can move along the first notch. Then, the internal component is rotated so that the movable feet of each component move into the second notch, thereby expanding the elastic membrane and causing the component to undergo at least a partial radial outward expansion deformation. Specifically, when the internal component moves longitudinally relative to the external component, the first insertion port of the internal component slides along the movable feet of each sub-movable component until the perforation component is exposed. At this point, the second insertion port of the internal component is aligned with the position of each sub-movable component. When the puncture of the patient's body wall is completed, the internal component undergoes a circumferential deflection, allowing each sub-movable component to fall into the second insertion port. Then, when the internal component moves backward (i.e., the internal component moves relative to the external component in a direction away from the external component), the movable feet of each movable component can move along the first notch. Then, the internal component is rotated, causing the movable feet of each movable component to move into the second notch. Subsequently, the movable component applies force to the free part of each sub-movable component due to the restriction of the limiting ring, thereby driving each sub-movable component to undergo radial outward expansion deformation.

[0023] To address the second technical problem, preferably, the movable component has two parts, spaced apart along the longitudinal axis of the outer component, and a locking rib is provided between adjacent movable components to engage with tissue. For gastric surgery, after the perforating component punctures the patient's body wall and then the stomach wall, the two movable components allow for several transformations. One rotation of the inner component causes the first movable component to open a first elastic membrane, allowing the locking rib to better connect the outer component to the stomach wall. Then, the inner component rotates in the opposite direction, partially withdrawing itself from the outer component while simultaneously pulling the stomach wall into the patient's body wall under the expansion of the first elastic membrane. Another rotation of the inner component causes the second movable component to open a second elastic membrane. Then, the inner component rotates in the opposite direction again, completely withdrawing itself from the outer component. This facilitates the use of surgical instruments inserted into the outer component, avoiding the risks associated with inflating the stomach cavity.

[0024] Furthermore, the outer peripheral wall of the external component is also provided with a retaining member that can move relative to the movable member. The retaining member and the stretched elastic membrane together form a clamping space for clamping the patient's abdominal wall. The retaining member allows the external component to be more stably fixed to the patient's abdominal wall, avoiding the frequent occurrence of surgical instruments used to puncture tissues slipping out of the body or penetrating deeper into the body during surgery.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantage of this invention is that when the internal component for puncture moves in a direction far from the external component, the movable component undergoes at least a local radial outward expansion deformation, thereby expanding the elastic membrane. This forms a structure similar to a "balloon or sac," which serves to fix the surgical instrument for puncturing tissue to the patient's body wall, eliminating the need for filling with gas or liquid, making it more convenient to use, and reducing manufacturing and usage costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surgical instrument for piercing tissue in an embodiment of the present invention (having a single elastic membrane);

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Decomposition structure diagram;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surgical instrument for piercing tissue during gastric surgery in an embodiment of the present invention (with two elastic membranes);

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3A schematic diagram showing that when the internal component moves relative to the external component in a direction far from the external component, the moving component is in a state of at least local radial outward expansion deformation.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Decomposition structure diagram;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the external components in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the local decomposition structure;

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A partial exploded view of the structure (showing the perforated member at least partially exposed from the outer peripheral wall, with the movable leg of the movable member located in the first notch);

[0035] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A partial exploded structural diagram (showing the moving part in a state of at least local radial outward expansion deformation, with the moving leg of the moving part located in the second notch);

[0036] Figure 11 for Figure 3 A sectional view;

[0037] Figure 12 for Figure 4 A sectional view. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] like Figures 1-12The following is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue in this embodiment includes an outer member 1 defining a longitudinal axis and having an outer peripheral wall 11; and an inner member 2 including a perforation member 21 adjacent to the distal end 10 of the outer member 1, the inner member 2 being at least partially disposed within the outer member 1, the inner member 2 being movable relative to the outer member 1 in the longitudinal direction, and capable of puncturing tissue when the perforation member 21 is at least partially exposed from the outer peripheral wall 11; it also includes a movable member 3 disposed on the outer peripheral wall 11 of the outer member 1, the movable member 3 having a movable leg 31 that can extend into the outer peripheral wall 11; an actuating portion 22 disposed on the outer surface of the inner member 2 and having an insertion port 221 for the movable leg 31 to be inserted; and an elastic membrane 6 for covering the movable member 3, wherein when the inner member 2 moves relative to the outer member 1 in a direction away from the distal end 10 of the outer member 1, the movable member 3 can undergo at least partial radial outward expansion deformation, thereby expanding the elastic membrane 6. When the internal component 2 for puncture moves relative to the external component 1 in a direction away from the distal end 10 of the external component 1, the movable component 3 can undergo at least local radial outward expansion deformation, thereby expanding the elastic membrane 6 and forming a structure similar to an "air bladder or balloon". This serves to fix the surgical instrument used to puncture tissue to the patient's body wall, eliminating the need for filling with gas or liquid, making it more convenient to use.

[0040] Specifically, in order to better achieve the expansion of the elastic membrane 6, the outer peripheral wall 11 of the outer member 1 is provided with a limiting notch 112 to restrict the movement path of the movable foot 31 of the movable member 3. When the inner member 2 moves relative to the outer member 1 in a direction away from the far end 10 of the outer member 1, it undergoes its own circumferential deflection. Under the actuation of the deflection force, the movable member 3 can at least partially undergo radial outward expansion deformation. When the internal component 2 moves longitudinally relative to the external component 1 to expose the perforating component 21 (defined as the forward direction of the internal component 2), it can pass through the patient's body wall for puncture. Then, when the internal component 2 moves in the backward direction (i.e., the internal component 2 moves relative to the external component 1 in a direction away from the distal end 10 of the external component 1), the insertion port 221 of the actuating part 22 of the internal component 2 and the movable foot 31 that can drive the movable part 3 undergo radial outward expansion deformation. The actuation of the deflection force is set so that the internal component 2 "turns" to open the elastic membrane 6, and then the internal component 2 "turns" in the opposite direction to remove the internal component 2 from the external component 1, so as to facilitate the use of surgical instruments inserted in the external component 1 for surgery. The limiting notch 112 includes a first notch 112a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the outer member 1 and a second notch 112b perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the outer member 1. The first notch 112a and the second notch 112b are connected. When the inner member 2 moves relative to the outer member 1 in a direction away from the far end 10 of the outer member 1, it can undergo circumferential deflection. The movable foot 31 of the movable member 3 can move from the first notch 112a to the second notch 112b. By moving the movable foot 31 of the movable member 3 from the first notch 112a to the second notch 112b, the inner member 2 "turns" and expands the elastic membrane 6. The movable component 3 includes at least two sub-movable components 30 that form a circumference around the outer peripheral wall 11 of the outer component 1. Each sub-movable component 30 includes a fixed portion 301 adjacent to the distal end 10 of the outer component 1 and a free portion 302 away from the distal end 10 of the outer component 1. In this embodiment, the movable component 3 also includes a movable ring 33 for connecting the fixed portions 301 of each sub-movable component 30 together. Correspondingly, the movable ring 33 has a first annular groove for connecting the fixed portions 301 of each sub-movable component 30 together. Each sub-movable component 30 includes a corresponding movable foot 31 connected to the movable ring 33, and each movable foot 31 of each sub-movable component 30 has an inclined surface 311 that deflects circumferentially. Based on the movable ring 33, the fixing part 301 of each sub-moving member 30 is connected to the movable ring 33. The free end of each sub-moving member 30 can deform radially outward with its respective fixing part 301 as the support point. The movable foot 31 of each sub-moving member 30 has an inclined surface 311 that deflects circumferentially, which can better move from the first notch 112a to the second notch 112b.The outer peripheral wall 11 of the outer component 1 also includes a limiting ring 5 adjacent to the free portion 302 of each sub-moving component 30. The free portion 302 of each sub-moving component 30 abuts against the limiting ring 5, thereby allowing the inner component 2 to apply force to the free portion 302 of each sub-moving component 30 through the limiting ring 5, driving each sub-moving component 30 to undergo radially outward expansion deformation. The limiting ring 5 also has a second annular groove 51 at its distal end 10 away from the outer component 1, while the moving ring 33 has a third annular groove 333 at its proximal end adjacent to the outer component 1. The two outer edges of the elastic membrane 6 are respectively connected to the second annular groove 51 and the third annular groove 333. When the free portion 302 of each sub-moving component 30 abuts against the limiting ring 5, it can drive each sub-moving component 30 to undergo radially outward expansion deformation. At this time, the moving ring 33 approaches the limiting ring 5, thereby causing the second annular groove 51 and the third annular groove 333 to approach each other, thereby expanding the elastic membrane 6.

[0041] In addition, the internal component 2 also includes an operating part 20 located away from the distal end 10 of the external component 1, for the surgeon to operate the internal component 2 to move relative to the external component 1. The outer peripheral wall 11 of the external component 1 has a mounting hole 110 for mounting the perforated component 21. The internal component 2 has at least two protrusions 24 protruding from the outer surface of the internal component 2 adjacent to the mounting hole 110 and an annular protrusion 25 located at the end of each protrusion 24. The gap between adjacent protrusions 24 and the annular protrusion 25 together form a socket 221 into which the movable foot 31 can be inserted. The protrusion 24 has a first protrusion 241 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the inner member 2 and a second protrusion 242 extending from the first protrusion 241 toward the longitudinal axis of the inner member 2. The width of the second protrusion 242 extending circumferentially is smaller than that of the first protrusion 241. A first socket 221 is formed between adjacent first protrusions 241, and a second socket 222 is formed between adjacent second protrusions 242 and the annular protrusion 25. When the inner member 2 moves relative to the outer member 1 in a direction away from the far end 10 of the outer member 1, the movable feet 31 of each sub-moving member 30 enter the first socket 221 of the inner member 2. When the inner member 2 undergoes its own circumferential deflection, the movable feet 31 of each sub-moving member 30 can enter the second socket 222 of the inner member 2, thereby realizing that the movable feet 31 of the moving member 3 move from the first notch 112a to the second notch 112b, and finally enabling the moving member 3 to undergo at least a partial radial outward expansion deformation. When the internal component 2 moves longitudinally relative to the external component 1, the first insertion port 221 of the internal component 2 slides along the movable feet 31 of each sub-movable component 30 until the perforation component 21 is exposed. At this point, the second insertion port 222 of the internal component 2 is aligned with the position of each sub-movable component 30. When the puncture of the patient's body wall is completed, the internal component 2 undergoes a circumferential deflection, allowing each sub-movable component 30 to fall into the second insertion port 222. Then, when the internal component 2 moves backward (i.e., the internal component 2 moves relative to the external component 1 in a direction away from the distal end 10 of the external component 1), the movable feet 31 that fall into the second insertion port 222 of the internal component 2 can move from the first notch 112a to the second notch 112b. Consequently, the movable component 3 applies force to the free portion 302 of each sub-movable component 30 due to the restriction of the limiting ring 5, thereby driving each sub-movable component 30 to undergo radial outward expansion deformation, thereby expanding the elastic membrane 6.

[0042] In this embodiment, the external component 1 is sleeve-shaped, and a sealing assembly is provided at the distal end 10 of the external component 1. The sealing assembly is preferably releasably mounted on the sleeve housing 100 located at the distal end 10 of the external component 1. The means for releasably connecting the sealing assembly to the sleeve housing may include bayonet coupling, threaded coupling, snap-fit, etc. The sealing assembly includes a sealing housing and at least one internal seal. The internal seal is adapted to form a fluid sealing membrane 1001 or a valve body structure around the instrument inserted through the sealing assembly. The sealing assembly may or may not be a component of the sleeve assembly. The valve body structure closes when no surgical instrument is present and is adapted to prevent pneumoperitoneum gas from passing through the external component 1. In this embodiment, the sealing assembly is a sealing membrane 1001 and the perforating member 21 is a pointed or truncated conical structure. During abdominal surgery, when the internal component 2 is moved longitudinally relative to the external component 1, the first insertion port 221 of the internal component 2 slides along the movable feet 31 of each sub-movable component 30 until the perforation component 21 is exposed. At this point, the second insertion port 222 of the internal component 2 is precisely aligned with the position of each sub-movable component 30. When the puncture of the patient's body wall is completed, the internal component 2 undergoes a circumferential deflection, allowing each sub-movable component 30 to fall into the second insertion port 222. Then, when the internal component 2 moves in a backward direction (i.e., when the internal component 2 moves relative to the external component 1 in a direction away from the distal end 10 of the external component 1), it falls... The movable leg 31 of the second insertion port 222 of the internal component 2 can move from the first notch 112a to the second notch 112b, thereby causing the movable member 3 to apply force to the free part 302 of each sub-movable member 30 due to the restriction of the limiting ring 5, thereby driving each sub-movable member 30 to undergo radial outward expansion deformation, thereby expanding the elastic membrane 6. Then, the abutment 4 on the outer peripheral wall 11 of the external component 1 is moved to the patient's abdominal wall. The abutment 4 and the expanded elastic membrane 6 together form a clamping space, thereby avoiding the frequent occurrence of surgical instruments used to puncture tissues being dislodged from the body or deeply embedded in the body during the operation.

[0043] Finally, the surgical instrument for puncturing tissue in this embodiment is capable of performing gastric surgery (see reference). Figures 3-12As shown), two movable parts 3 need to be set during gastric surgery, and they are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis of the outer component 1. Locking ribs 111 that can engage with tissue are provided between adjacent movable parts 3. For gastric surgery, after the perforating component 21 punctures the patient's body wall, the stomach wall is punctured. Since there are two movable components 3, the "turn" of the inner component 2 causes the first movable component 3' to open the first elastic membrane 6'. The locking rib 111 can better connect the outer component 1 to the stomach wall. At this time, the inner component 2 turns in the opposite direction and is partially pulled out from the outer component 1. At the same time, under the opening of the first elastic membrane 6', the stomach wall is pulled into the patient's body wall. Then, the inner component 2 turns again and the second movable component 3' opens the second elastic membrane 6'. At this time, the inner component 2 turns in the opposite direction and is completely pulled out from the outer component 1. This makes it convenient to use the surgical instruments inserted in the outer component 1 to perform the surgery, avoiding the risks of performing air inflation operations in the stomach cavity. The outer peripheral wall 11 of the external component 1 is also provided with a retaining member 4 that can move relative to the movable member 3. The retaining member 4 and the stretched elastic membrane 6 together form a clamping space for clamping the patient's abdominal wall. Finally, the setting of the retaining member 4 can make the external component 1 more stably fixed to the patient's abdominal wall, avoiding the frequent occurrence of surgical instruments used to puncture tissues being dislodged from the body or inserted into the body during the operation. After the operation is completed, it is also necessary to use the internal component 2 to retract the first elastic membrane 6' and the second elastic membrane 6" back. The specific operation is the reverse of the operation of opening the first elastic membrane 6' and the second elastic membrane 6".

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for piercing tissue, comprising: An external member (1) is used to define the longitudinal axis and has an outer peripheral wall (11); An internal component (2) is at least partially disposed within an external component (1), the internal component (2) including a perforated component (21) adjacent to the distal end (10) of the external component (1); The internal component (2) is movable relative to the external component (1) in the longitudinal direction and can achieve puncture through tissue when the perforating component (21) is at least partially exposed from the outer peripheral wall (11); Its features are: It also includes: The movable part (3) is provided on the outer peripheral wall (11) of the outer member (1) and has a movable foot (31) that can extend into the outer peripheral wall (11); An actuator (22) is provided on the outer surface of the internal component (2) and has a socket (221) into which a movable foot (31) can be inserted; as well as An elastic membrane (6) is used to cover the movable part (3); When the internal member (2) moves relative to the external member (1) in a direction away from the far end (10) of the external member (1), the movable member (3) can undergo at least local radial outward expansion deformation, thereby opening the elastic membrane (6); The outer peripheral wall (11) of the outer member (1) is provided with a limiting notch (112) that restricts the movement path of the movable foot (31) of the movable member (3). When the inner member (2) moves relative to the outer member (1) in a direction away from the far end (10) of the outer member (1), it can circumferentially deflect itself. Under the actuation of the deflection force, the movable member (3) can at least partially undergo radial outward expansion deformation.

2. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting notch (112) includes a first notch (112a) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the external member (1) and a second notch (112b) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the external member (1), the first notch (112a) and the second notch (112b) being connected; when the internal member (2) moves relative to the external member (1) in a direction away from the far end (10) of the external member (1) and can circumferentially deflect itself, the movable foot (31) of the movable member (3) can move from the first notch (112a) to the second notch (112b).

3. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable member (3) includes at least two sub-movable members (30) that form a circumference around the outer peripheral wall (11) of the outer member (1). Each sub-movable member (30) includes a fixed portion (301) adjacent to the distal end (10) of the outer member (1) and a free portion (302) away from the distal end (10) of the outer member (1). The movable member (3) also includes a movable ring (33) for connecting the fixed portions (301) of each sub-movable member (30) together. Correspondingly, the movable ring (33) has a first annular groove for connecting the fixed portions (301) of each sub-movable member (30) together. Each sub-movable member (30) includes a corresponding movable foot (31) connected to the movable ring (33), and the movable foot (31) of each sub-movable member (30) has an inclined surface (311) that deflects circumferentially.

4. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall (11) of the outer component (1) also includes a limiting ring (5) adjacent to the free portion (302) of each of the sub-moving components (30). The free portion (302) of each sub-moving component (30) abuts against the limiting ring (5), thereby enabling the inner component (2) to apply force to the free portion (302) of each sub-moving component (30) through the limiting ring (5) and drive each sub-moving component (30) to undergo radial outward expansion deformation.

5. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting ring (5) has a second annular groove (51) at its distal end (10) away from the external member (1), and the movable ring (33) has a third annular groove (333) at its proximal end adjacent to the external member (1). The two outer edges of the elastic membrane (6) are respectively connected to the second annular groove (51) and the third annular groove (333).

6. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: The internal component (2) also includes an operating part (20) at the distal end (10) of the external component (1) for the surgeon to move the internal component (2) relative to the external component (1). The outer peripheral wall (11) of the external component (1) has a mounting hole (110) for mounting the perforated component (21). The internal component (2) has at least two protrusions (24) protruding from the outer surface of the internal component (2) adjacent to the mounting hole (110) and an annular protrusion (25) located at the end of each protrusion (24). The gap between adjacent protrusions (24) and the annular protrusion (25) together form a socket (221) into which the movable foot (31) can be inserted.

7. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protrusion (24) comprises a first protrusion (241) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the inner member (2) and a second protrusion (242) extending from the first protrusion (241) toward the longitudinal axis of the inner member (2). The width of the second protrusion (242) extending circumferentially is smaller than that of the first protrusion (241). A first socket (221) is formed between adjacent first protrusions (241), and a second socket (222) is formed between adjacent second protrusions (242) and the annular protrusion. The inner member (2) is located away from the outer member (1). (1) When the distal end (10) moves in the direction, the movable feet (31) of each of the sub-moving parts (30) enter the first socket (221) of the internal component (2), and when the internal component (2) is circumferentially deflected, the movable feet (31) of each of the sub-moving parts (30) can enter the second socket (222) of the internal component (2), thereby realizing that the movable feet (31) of the moving part (3) move from the first notch (112a) to the second notch (112b), and finally enabling the moving part (3) to undergo at least a partial radial outward expansion deformation.

8. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable part (3) has two parts, which are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis of the outer member (1), and the space between adjacent movable parts (3) is provided with locking ribs (111) that can engage with tissue.

9. The surgical instrument for piercing tissue according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall (11) of the external component (1) is also provided with a support member (4) that can move relative to the movable member (3). The support member (4) and the stretched elastic membrane (6) together form a clamping space for clamping the patient's abdominal wall.

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