Laser welding tooling, system and method for large-size structural parts

Abstract

The present invention provides a laser welding tool, system and method for large-size structural parts, which belongs to the technical field of welding equipment. The laser welding tool for large-size structural parts includes a workbench, on which a magnetic suction seat for magnetic adsorption with the structural parts is provided, and at least one groove with an upward opening is provided on the top surface of the magnetic suction seat, and at least one of the grooves divides the magnetic suction seat into at least two parts, each of which is respectively provided with an electromagnetic suction cup; each of the electromagnetic suction cups is electrically connected to a control device through a wire. The laser welding system for large-size structural parts includes the laser welding tool for large-size structural parts, a spot welding device and a laser welding device. The laser welding tool, system and method for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention can effectively meet the high-precision assembly requirements of laser welding technology and obtain carbon steel laser welding joints with low deformation and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of welding equipment, and more specifically, relates to a laser welding tool, system and method for large-size structural parts. Background Art

[0002] Low alloy carbon steel has always been an important material for the production and manufacturing of structural parts due to its low cost and good weldability. However, industrial carbon steel welded structural parts are generally large in size and have significant thermal deformation after welding. At present, the laser welding assembly solutions for large-size structural parts mainly include mechanical clamping method and vacuum suction cup method.

[0003] The mechanical clamping method is to use flexible clamps to mechanically fix the structural parts on the workbench. The clamping position and number are greatly limited by the size and shape of the structural parts, and it is easy to cause local warping due to uneven clamping force, which is difficult to meet the requirements of large-size plate laser welding. In addition, the increase in the number of clamps will greatly affect the accessibility of laser welding.

[0004] The vacuum adsorption method is to use a vacuum pump and a vacuum suction cup to realize the adsorption and assembly of the structural parts after the auxiliary sealing with the help of a silicone rubber strip. The vacuum adsorption tooling can effectively protect the surface state of the structural parts, is easy to use and pollution-free, but it is severely limited by the vacuum suction cup, which has low suction force, requires the surface of the adsorbed object to be flat and dust-free, and the rubber strip is easy to wear. In addition, the cost of vacuum adsorption tooling is high, and the cost of subsequent maintenance is also high.

[0005] In the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art: laser welding technology requires that the structural parts to be welded have high-precision assembly process conditions during the welding process. It is difficult to ensure the welding quality when using the above two methods for laser welding of large-sized structural parts, and even serious lack of fusion occurs, resulting in a low product qualification rate. Therefore, it is urgent to explore a tooling, system and welding method suitable for laser welding of large-sized structural parts to meet the assembly requirements of carbon steel structural parts during the welding process and ensure the welding quality of the laser welding head. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a large-size structural part laser welding tool, system and method, aiming to solve the technical problem that the current laser welding tool cannot meet the assembly requirements of carbon steel structural parts.

[0007] On the one hand, a large-size structural part laser welding tool is provided, comprising: a workbench, on which a magnetic suction seat for magnetically adsorbing the structural part is arranged, and at least one groove with an upward opening is arranged on the top surface of the magnetic suction seat, and at least one of the grooves divides the magnetic suction seat into at least two parts, and an electromagnetic suction cup is arranged in each part; each of the electromagnetic suction cups is electrically connected to a control device through a wire;

[0008] Before butt welding, adjust the joint position of the two structural parts to be welded so that the joint is located directly above one of the grooves, parallel to and connected with the groove; during welding, the gas in the joint is discharged to the outside of the magnetic suction seat through the above-mentioned groove, and the weld formed on one side of the two structural parts close to the magnetic suction seat extends into the above-mentioned groove.

[0009] As another embodiment of the present application, a fixing member for fixing the structural member before the electromagnetic suction cup is energized is further provided on the workbench, and the fixing member is detachably connected to the workbench.

[0010] As another embodiment of the present application, the fixing member includes a first positioning member for abutting against the welding end face of the structural member, and a second positioning member for abutting against the non-welding end face of the structural member, wherein a plurality of the second positioning members are provided and at least one of the first positioning members is provided, and at least one first positioning member and a plurality of the second positioning members are sequentially spaced and arranged around the structural member to cooperate in clamping the structural member.

[0011] As another embodiment of the present application, the first positioning member includes a first support rod detachably connected to the workbench or the magnetic base, and a baffle rotatably connected to the first support rod and used to abut against the welding end face of the structural member; the baffle can rotate 180° relative to the first support rod; when in use, the baffle is placed directly above the corresponding groove with the side in contact with the structural member.

[0012] As another embodiment of the present application, the fixing member also includes a magnetic block for respectively adsorbing the corresponding end faces of the magnetic suction base and the structural member, and a plurality of the magnetic blocks are provided. The magnetic blocks cooperate with the first positioning member, the second positioning member and / or another structural member to clamp the structural member, or a plurality of the magnetic blocks are arranged around the structural member and cooperate with each other to clamp the structural member.

[0013] As another embodiment of the present application, the workbench is also provided with a fixing device that is detachably or movably connected to the workbench, and the fixing device is used to fix a structural member perpendicular to the magnetic suction seat during corner welding or T-type welding, and apply pressure to the structural member toward the magnetic suction seat.

[0014] As another embodiment of the present application, the fixing device includes a sliding portion that can slide relative to the magnetic seat, a pressure arm beam fixed to the top of the sliding portion, and a crimping piece arranged on the pressure arm beam and capable of moving up and down along the height direction of the pressure arm beam; the crimping piece includes a pressure block for abutting against the top surface of the structural member, and a driving device arranged on the pressure arm beam for driving the pressure block to move up and down along the height direction of the pressure arm beam.

[0015] As another embodiment of the present application, the pressing block includes a block body, a first protrusion arranged at the bottom of the block body, and a second protrusion arranged at the bottom of the block body and parallel to the first protrusion, and there is an accommodating cavity between the first protrusion and the second protrusion for plugging and mating with the top of the structural member; the bottom end of the first protrusion is lower than the bottom end of the second protrusion.

[0016] One of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, a magnetic suction seat is provided on the workbench, and an electromagnetic suction cup that can generate magnetic force is provided in the magnetic suction seat, so that the structural part and the workbench are fixed by magnetic force, and the bottom surface of the structural part and the top surface of the magnetic suction seat are closely fitted, thereby effectively reducing the assembly gap and misalignment between the parent materials to be welded, and meeting the technical requirements of laser welding. In addition, during the welding process, the large suction force generated by the electromagnetic suction cup can effectively suppress the thermal deformation of the structural part, which helps to finally obtain a low-deformation, high-reliability carbon steel laser welding connection component. Among them, the setting of the groove allows the gas in the joint of the two butt-welded structural parts to be discharged smoothly, and at the same time, the weld formed by the butt welding of the two structural parts will not lift the structural part, thereby ensuring that the structural part and the magnetic suction seat can always be closely adsorbed during the entire welding process, thereby ensuring the flatness of the connection between the two structural parts.

[0017] To sum up, the large-size structural parts laser welding tooling provided in this embodiment has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple structure, and easy operation. It can effectively meet the high-precision assembly requirements of laser welding technology and obtain low-deformation, high-reliability carbon steel laser welding joints.

[0018] On the other hand, a large-size structural component laser welding system is provided, comprising the large-size structural component laser welding tooling, a spot welding device and a laser welding device.

[0019] One of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned large-size structural parts laser welding tooling is adopted to change the laser welding method of large-size structural parts. The beneficial effects are the same as those of the large-size structural parts laser welding tooling, and will not be repeated here.

[0020] On the other hand, a method for laser welding of large-sized structural parts is provided, based on the large-sized structural part laser welding tool, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The two structural parts to be welded are arranged on both sides of the same groove, and the joint between the two parts is located directly above the groove;

[0022] The relative positions of the two structural members and the grooves are fixed respectively by the electromagnetic chucks under the structural members;

[0023] Laser welding with filler wire to form an assembly;

[0024] The electromagnetic chuck is powered off and the welded assembly is removed from the workbench.

[0025] One of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned large-size structural parts laser welding tooling is adopted to change the laser welding method of large-size structural parts. The beneficial effects are the same as those of the large-size structural parts laser welding tooling, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a large-size structural component laser welding tool and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top view of the working table used in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 To place a structural member Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top view of the relative position of the structural parts and the workbench when the workbench is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 To place another frame member Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a top view of the relative positions of two structural members and the workbench when the workbench is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a top view of a workbench used in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a first positioning member used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second positioning member used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pressing block and a force transmission rod used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the electromagnetic chuck used in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 100, workbench; 110, guide rail; 200, magnetic conductive part; 300, groove; 400, electromagnetic suction cup; 410, non-magnetic conductive panel; 420, magnetic conductive panel; 430, electromagnet layer; 440, coil; 500, control device; 600, fixing member; 610, first positioning member; 611, first support rod; 612, baffle; 620, second positioning member; 621, second support rod; 622, block; 623, screw; 624, hand wheel; 630, magnetic block; 700, fixing device; 710, sliding part; 720, pressure arm beam; 730, pressure block; 731, block; 732, first protrusion; 733, second protrusion; 734, accommodating chamber; 740, driving device; 800, spot welding device; 900, laser welding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Please also read Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the large-size structural part laser welding tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention is now described. The large-size structural part laser welding tool comprises a workbench 100, on which a magnetic suction seat for magnetically adsorbing the structural part is arranged, and at least one groove 300 with an opening facing upward is arranged on the top surface of the magnetic suction seat, and at least one groove 300 separates the magnetic suction seat into at least two parts, and an electromagnetic suction cup 400 is arranged in each part; each electromagnetic suction cup 400 is electrically connected to a control device 500 through a wire.

[0039] Before welding, adjust the joint position of the two structural parts to be welded so that the joint is located directly above one of the grooves 300 and is parallel to and connected with the groove 300; during welding, the gas in the joint is discharged to the outside of the magnetic suction seat through the above-mentioned groove 300, and the weld formed on one side of the two structural parts close to the magnetic suction seat extends into the groove 300.

[0040] When using the large-size structural part laser welding tooling provided in this embodiment to perform laser butt welding, the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0041] Place a structural member on one side of one of the grooves 300, and adjust the position so that one end of the structural member used for welding extends above the groove 300 and does not completely cover the opening of the groove 300, and the welding end surface of the structural member is parallel to the side wall of the groove 300;

[0042] Close the corresponding switch in the control device 500, so that the electromagnetic suction cup 400 located below the first structural member is energized, and the magnetic attraction between the structural member and the corresponding magnetic part in the previous step is realized;

[0043] Place another structural member on the other side of the groove 300 and adjust the position so that the seam between the welding end faces of the two structural members meets the welding requirements;

[0044] The corresponding switch in the closing control device 500 is energized to energize the electromagnetic suction cup 400 located under another structural member, thereby achieving magnetic attraction between the structural member and the corresponding magnetic part;

[0045] Filling wire and laser welding to form an assembly;

[0046] The switch in the above step is turned off to cut off the power to the corresponding electromagnetic chuck 400 , and after the welded assembly is demagnetized, the welded assembly is removed from the workbench 100 .

[0047] During the welding process, the gas in the joint of the two structural parts is discharged to the outside of the magnetic suction seat through the groove 300, and the weld formed on the side of the two parts close to the groove 300 extends into the groove 300.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the large-size structural component laser welding tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a magnetic seat on the workbench 100, and an electromagnetic suction cup 400 that can generate magnetic force is arranged in the magnetic seat. The structural component is fixed to the workbench 100 by magnetic force, and the bottom surface of the structural component and the top surface of the magnetic seat are closely fitted, thereby effectively reducing the assembly gap and misalignment between the parent materials to be welded, and meeting the technical requirements of laser welding. In addition, during the welding process, the large suction force generated by the electromagnetic suction cup 400 can effectively suppress the thermal deformation of the structural component, which helps to finally obtain a low-deformation, high-reliability carbon steel laser welding connection component. Among them, the setting of the groove 300 allows the gas in the joint of the two butt-welded structural components to be discharged smoothly, and at the same time, the weld formed by the butt welding of the two structural components will not lift the structural component, thereby ensuring that the structural component and the magnetic seat can always be closely adsorbed during the entire welding process, thereby ensuring the flatness of the connection between the two structural components.

[0049] To sum up, the large-size structural parts laser welding tooling provided in this embodiment has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple structure, and easy operation. It can effectively meet the high-precision assembly requirements of laser welding technology and obtain low-deformation, high-reliability carbon steel laser welding joints.

[0050] Specifically, two adjacent electromagnetic chucks 400 are connected by the magnetic conductive part 200, and the groove 300 is arranged in the middle of the magnetic conductive part, thereby avoiding the heat generated by welding from damaging the electromagnetic chuck 400, and ensuring that the electromagnetic chuck 400 has a good and stable adsorption effect. The electromagnetic chuck 400 and the magnetic conductive part 200 form a magnetic suction seat.

[0051] In order to further improve the implementation scope of the large-size structural parts laser welding tooling provided by the above-mentioned embodiment, a variable resistor can be connected in series in the connection circuit between the electromagnetic suction cup 400 and the power supply. When in use, the resistance of the variable resistor is adjusted to adjust the current in the circuit, thereby adjusting the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic suction cup 400 to meet the welding requirements of structural parts of different specifications.

[0052] Please also read Fig. 9 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, the electromagnetic chuck 400 includes a non-magnetic panel 410, a magnetic panel 420 and an electromagnet layer 430 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the top surface of the non-magnetic panel 410 is flush with the top surface of the magnetic conductive part 200. Among them, the non-magnetic layer is a high-temperature resistant resin material with a temperature resistance of up to 150°C and a thickness of 5-15mm; the magnetic panel 420 is an iron-based material that can conduct magnetic force and has a thickness of 50-70mm; the electromagnet layer 430 is provided with an iron core, and a coil 440 electrically connected to the control device 500 through a wire is wound on the iron core, and the thickness of this layer is 40-60mm. Before welding, the control device 500 controls the coil 440 in the corresponding electromagnetic suction cup 400 to generate magnetic force, and the structural component is tightly sucked through the magnetic conductive panel 420 and the non-magnetic conductive panel 410; after welding, the control device 500 is operated to cut off the power of the coil 440, the magnetic force of the magnetic part disappears, the structural component is demagnetized, and the structural component is removed.

[0053] It should be noted that the above-mentioned non-magnetic conductive layer is only less magnetically conductive than the magnetic conductive panel 420, and does not have a magnetic isolation effect. Since the thickness of the non-magnetic conductive layer is much smaller than the thickness of the magnetic conductive panel 420 and the electromagnet layer 430, the setting of the non-magnetic conductive layer does not affect the adsorption effect of the electromagnetic chuck 400 on the structural parts. The setting of the non-magnetic conductive layer is used to avoid direct contact between the magnetic conductive panel 420 and the structural parts, and to prevent the heat generated by welding from being transferred to the magnetic conductive panel 420 from the weld, thereby reducing the risk of wear of the magnetic conductive panel 420 during use, and at the same time reducing the adverse effects of high temperature on the adsorption effect of the electromagnetic chuck 400, ensuring the smooth progress of the welding operation, and meeting the high-precision assembly requirements of the laser welding technology.

[0054] Please also read Figure 1 and Figure 5 As a specific embodiment of the large-size structural component laser welding tooling provided by the present invention, a fixing member 600 for fixing the structural component before the electromagnetic suction cup 400 is energized is also provided on the workbench 100, and the fixing member 600 is detachably connected to the workbench 100.

[0055] After placing the structural part on the magnetic seat and adjusting the position, first fix it with the fixing part 600, then energize the electromagnetic suction cup 400 under the structural part, and after the electromagnetic force is stable, that is, after the structural part and the magnetic seat are stably magnetically adsorbed, remove the fixing part 600 from the workbench 100.

[0056] The setting of the fixing part 600 effectively ensures that after the position of the structural part is properly placed, the relative position with the magnetic suction seat will not change due to magnetic adsorption, thereby ensuring that the joint of the two structural parts welded together can always be located above the groove 300, thereby ensuring that the gas in the joint between the two structural parts can be smoothly discharged through the groove 300, and the weld can extend into the groove 300 when extending toward the magnetic suction seat, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of the weld bulge on the magnetic adsorption effect of the structural part and the magnetic suction seat, and ensuring a lower deformation rate of the weld.

[0057] Please also read Figures 3 to 5 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, the fixing member 600 includes a first positioning member 610 for abutting against the welding end face of the structural part, and a second positioning member 620 for abutting against the non-welding end face of the structural part. There are multiple second positioning members 620, and there is at least one first positioning member 610. At least one first positioning member 610 and multiple second positioning members 620 are sequentially spaced and arranged around the structural part to cooperate with the clamping structure.

[0058] To facilitate the description of the solution provided in this embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 For example, a structural member is first hoisted on the left part of the magnetic seat so that the welding end face (i.e., the right end face) of the structural member abuts against the first positioning member 610, and then the second positioning member 620 is placed on the left side of the left end face of the structural member, and the position of the second positioning member 620 is adjusted so that the second positioning member 620 abuts against the left end face of the structural member, and cooperates with the first positioning member 610 to clamp the structural member. At the same time, the relative fixation of the front and rear positions of the structural member and the workbench 100 is clamped and fixed by two second positioning members 620 respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the structural member.

[0059] After the relative position of the structural member and the workbench 100 is fixed by the first positioning member 610 and the second positioning member 620, the electromagnetic suction cup 400 under the structural member is energized through the control device 500 to generate an electromagnetic field to magnetically adsorb the structural member, and then the first positioning member 610 and the second positioning member 620 are removed.

[0060] The first positioning member 610 and the second positioning member 620 cooperate with each other to clamp the structural member, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly, and will not cause damage to the end faces of the structural member. When fixing the structural member, the first positioning member 610 is set at the end of the corresponding groove 300, and the projection of the abutting surface of the first positioning member 610 and the welding end face of the structural member is located in the groove 300, which ensures that when the welding end face of the structural member abuts against the first positioning member 610, the projection of the welding end face is located in the groove 300, and at the same time ensures that after the two structural members are fitted, the joint is parallel to the groove 300 and communicates with the groove 300.

[0061] Specifically, the first positioning member 610 and the second positioning member 620 can be detachably connected to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat by bolts, or can be detachably connected to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat by magnetic adsorption, or can be detachably connected to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat by bonding, etc. The first positioning member 610 and the second positioning member 620 can have the same or different structures, depending on actual needs, and can adopt block-type positioning members, plate-type positioning members or rod-type positioning members, as long as the functions of the above scheme can be achieved.

[0062] See also Figure 6 As a specific embodiment of the large-size structural component laser welding tooling provided by the present invention, the first positioning member 610 includes a first support rod 611 detachably connected to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat, and a baffle 612 rotatably connected to the first support rod 611 and used to abut against the welding end face of the structural component; the baffle 612 can rotate 180° relative to the first support rod 611; when in use, the baffle 612 is placed directly above the corresponding groove 300 with the side in contact with the structural component.

[0063] It should be noted that the baffle 612 being able to rotate 180 degrees relative to the first support rod 611 mentioned here means that the baffle 612 can be rotated 180 degrees upwards, or rotated 180 degrees around the first support rod 611, so as to facilitate the placement of large-sized workpieces on the platform.

[0064] See also Figure 7 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, the second positioning member 620 includes a second support rod 621 detachably connected to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat, and a stopper 622 arranged on the second support rod 621 for abutting against the outer side wall of the structural part; the stopper 622 is movably connected to the second support rod 621 through a screw 623. When in use, the screw 623 is rotated to make the stopper 622 fit tightly with the structural part, or separate. Among them, the second support rod 621 can be threadedly connected to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat, and can also be magnetically adsorbed to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat through magnetic adsorption, or can be detachably connected to the workbench 100 or the magnetic seat through bonding and other methods.

[0065] Furthermore, a hand wheel 624 is provided at one end of the screw rod 623 away from the stopper 622 to facilitate the rotation of the screw rod 623 .

[0066] See also Figure 1 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, the fixing part 600 also includes a magnetic block 630 for respectively adsorbing the corresponding end faces of the magnetic suction seat and the structural part. There are multiple magnetic blocks 630. The magnetic block 630 cooperates with the first positioning member 610, the second positioning member 620 and / or another structural member to clamp the structural member, or multiple magnetic blocks 630 are arranged around the structural member and cooperate with each other to clamp the structural member.

[0067] In addition to the first positioning member 610 or the second positioning member 620, the fixing member 600 may also adopt a magnetic block 630 that is magnetically attracted to the magnetic seat. When in use, the magnetic block 630 may be used alone to fix the relative position of the structural member and the magnetic seat, or it may be used in conjunction with the first positioning member 610 and the second positioning member 620 to fix the relative position of the structural member and the magnetic seat. The magnetic block 630 is easy to assemble and disassemble and is convenient to use.

[0068] See also Figure 1 As a specific embodiment of the large-size structural component laser welding tooling provided by the present invention, a fixing device 700 is also provided on the workbench 100, which is detachably or movably connected to the workbench 100. The fixing device 700 is used to fix a structural component perpendicular to the magnetic suction seat (hereinafter referred to as a vertical plate for the convenience of description) during fillet welding or T-type welding, and apply pressure toward the magnetic suction seat to the structural component.

[0069] When performing fillet welding or T-welding, first place a structural member flat on the magnetic seat, then place the vertical plate vertically on the structural member, and then apply pressure toward the structural member to the vertical plate through the fixing device 700, so that the bottom surface of the vertical plate is tightly fitted to the upper end surface of the structural member. After using the TIG positioning welding assembly to perform positioning welding (the spacing between positioning points is 100mm) between the vertical plate and the structural member (hereinafter referred to as the flat plate for ease of description) placed flat on the magnetic seat, the laser welding device 900 is used to perform laser T-welding on the long weld between the two vertically arranged structural members. Among them, the fixing device 700 and the workbench 100 are detachably connected or movably connected, so that the position of the fixing device 700 can be adjusted according to the position of the fillet weld or T-weld, thereby ensuring a good fillet weld or T-weld effect.

[0070] The fixing device 700 can be magnetically adsorbed, bolted, or directly placed on the workbench 100. The detachable connection method between the fixing device 700 and the workbench 100 is not limited as long as the fixing device 700 can achieve the above functions.

[0071] Specifically, the fixing device 700 can be any device that can achieve the above functions. The fixing device 700 includes a bracket that is detachably connected or movably connected to the workbench 100 and a force-applying part that has a lifting function and is used to contact and apply force to the vertical plate. The force-applying part can be located at the top of the vertical plate, contact the top surface of the vertical plate and apply downward pressure to the top surface of the vertical plate, so that the vertical plate and the flat plate fit tightly; or two parts can be provided, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the vertical plate, cooperate to clamp the vertical plate, clamp the column and move downward, so that the gap between the vertical plate and the flat plate can reach less than 0.2 mm, thereby achieving a close fit between the vertical plate and the flat plate.

[0072] See also Figure 1 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, the fixing device 700 includes a sliding part 710 that can slide relative to the magnetic suction seat, a pressure arm beam 720 arranged on the top of the sliding part 710, and a crimping piece arranged on the pressure arm beam 720 and capable of moving up and down along the height direction of the pressure arm beam 720; the crimping piece includes a pressure block 730 for abutting against the top surface of the structural part, and a driving device 740 arranged on the pressure arm beam 720 for driving the pressure block 730 to move up and down along the height direction of the pressure arm beam 720.

[0073] When performing fillet welding or T-type welding, first place a structural member flat on the magnetic seat, then place the vertical plate vertically on the structural member, and then control the fixing device 700 to slide relative to the magnetic seat until the pressing block 730 moves to just above the vertical plate, and the driving device 740 pushes the pressing block 730 downward until the bottom of the pressing block 730 fits with the top of the vertical plate, and at the same time, the vertical plate fits tightly with the flat plate under the downward pressure of the pressing block 730.

[0074] It should be noted that the vertical plate can be a straight plate or a curved plate with a certain curvature.

[0075] When fillet welding or T-welding is not required, the fixture 700 can be moved to one side of the magnetic seat. The setting of the sliding portion 710 facilitates the user to flexibly adjust the position of the fixture 700 on the workbench 100 according to the use needs. The setting of the driving device 740 enables the fixture 700 to adjust the distance between the pressure block 730 and the magnetic seat according to the height of the vertical plate, and at the same time facilitates the pressure block 730 to apply downward pressure to the vertical plate.

[0076] In this embodiment, the driving device 740 can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, etc., as long as it can achieve the above functions.

[0077] See also Figure 1As a specific embodiment of the large-size structural part laser welding tool provided by the present invention, the pressure arm beam 720 can adopt a door-type bracket that can be raised and lowered. When welding vertical plates of different heights, the height of the pressure arm beam 720 is first adjusted to be higher than the vertical plate, and then the height of the pressure block 730 is finely adjusted through the driving device 740. The sliding part 710 can be slidably connected to the workbench 100, or slidably connected to the magnetic seat.

[0078] Specifically, a linear guide rail 110 may be added to the workbench 100, and a slider slidably connected to the linear guide rail 110 is provided at the bottom of the sliding portion 710, thereby realizing the sliding connection between the sliding portion 710 and the workbench 100. In addition, a traveling device and a power device for driving the traveling device are also provided on the sliding portion 710. The arrangement of the traveling device and the power device realizes the automatic control of the movement of the slider along the linear guide rail 110, thereby effectively improving the automation degree of the equipment and realizing the precise control of the relative position between the sliding portion 710 and the linear guide rail 110.

[0079] In addition, a distance measuring device may be added to the sliding part 710 to achieve accurate movement of the sliding part 710. Mutually meshing teeth may be added to the linear guide rail 110 and the sliding part 710 to ensure accurate movement of the sliding part 710.

[0080] See also Figure 8 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, the driving device 740 is a force transmission rod threadedly connected to the pressure arm beam 720, and the pressure block 730 is arranged at the bottom of the force transmission rod and flexibly connected to the force transmission rod, so that the pressure block 730 can rotate within a smaller range relative to the structural part.

[0081] See also Figure 1 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tool for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, two sliding parts 710 are provided and are respectively arranged on both sides of the magnetic suction seat, and the two ends of the pressure arm beam 720 are respectively fixed on the two sliding parts 710, and at least two crimping parts are provided and are spaced and distributed on the crossbeam of the pressure arm beam 720. When in use, the corresponding crimping parts can be flexibly selected according to the size and position of the vertical plate to crimp the vertical plate.

[0082] Please also read Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, guide rails 110 parallel to the length direction of the magnetic seat are respectively arranged on both sides of the workbench 100. After the electromagnetic chuck 400 and the magnetic conductive part 200 are machined and milled, the magnetic seat and the workbench 100 are kept in an absolute plane. A groove 300 of 20mm (width) × 3mm (depth) is provided on the magnetic conductive material. The groove 300 is equal to the length of the magnetic conductive material, two of which are in the vertical direction and one in the horizontal direction. A first positioning member 610 is provided at both ends of the groove 300. The edge of the first positioning member 610 maintains the same horizontal position as the center line of the groove 300. There are 6 first positioning members 610. The positioning block on the first positioning member 610 can rotate 180°. The second positioning members 620 are evenly arranged around the magnetic seat. The stopper 622 is driven by the manual tightening screw 623 to realize the lateral tightening of the base material to be welded. There are 10 second positioning members 620.

[0083] See also Figure 8 As a specific embodiment of the laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts provided by the present invention, the pressing block 730 includes a block body 731, a first protrusion 732 arranged at the bottom of the block body 731, and a second protrusion 733 arranged at the bottom of the block body 731 and parallel to the first protrusion 732. There is an accommodating cavity 734 between the first protrusion 732 and the second protrusion 733 for plugging and mating with the top of the structural part; the bottom end of the first protrusion 732 is lower than the bottom end of the second protrusion 733.

[0084] The arrangement of the accommodating cavity 734 ensures that when the pressing block 730 applies downward pressure to the vertical plate, the pressing block 730 will not slide off the vertical plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the pressure applied by the pressing block 730 to the vertical plate. The bottom end of the first protrusion 732 is lower than the bottom end of the second protrusion 733, which facilitates the vertical plate to be inserted into the accommodating cavity 734, thereby improving the convenience of using the fixing device 700.

[0085] The present invention also provides a large-size structural component laser welding system. Figure 1 The large-size structural component laser welding system includes a large-size structural component laser welding tool, a spot welding device 800 and a laser welding device 900.

[0086] When in use, the large-size structural part laser welding tool fixes the relative position between the two structural parts to be welded, the spot welding device 800 performs spot welding operations on the two structural parts to be welded, and the laser welding device 900 performs laser wire welding on the two structural parts to be welded.

[0087] The spot welding device 800 and the laser welding device 900 can be existing products on the market.

[0088] The large-size structural component laser welding system provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned large-size structural component laser welding tooling, and the beneficial effects are the same as those of the large-size structural component laser welding tooling, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] Specifically, the laser head can swing forward and backward and left and right, with a swing angle of ±15° and a swing angle of ±60°. The spot diameter can be continuously changed, the spot magnification ratio can be 2.5-5.8, the focusing focal length is 300mm, the laser fiber diameter is 200μm, and a spot welding device 800 is provided in the forward welding direction of the laser head to meet the technical requirements of laser wire welding. The diameter of the welding wire that can be fed is 0.8mm-1.2mm. The laser head can pass inert gas to protect the welding molten pool, weld surface and laser lens, and the gas flow rate is 0-20L / min.

[0090] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for laser welding of large-sized structural parts. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a large-size structural part laser welding method comprises the following steps:

[0091] The two structural members to be welded are arranged on both sides of the same groove 300, and the joint between the two structural members is located directly above the groove 300;

[0092] The relative positions of the two structural members and the groove 300 are fixed respectively by electromagnetic chucks 400 under each structural member;

[0093] Laser welding with filler wire to form an assembly;

[0094] The electromagnetic chuck 400 is powered off, and the welded assembly is removed from the workbench 100 .

[0095] The large-size structural parts laser welding method provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned large-size structural parts laser welding tooling, changes the laser welding method of large-size structural parts, and has the same beneficial effects as those of the large-size structural parts laser welding tooling, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Laser welding tooling for large-size structural parts, characterized by: A workbench is provided on which a magnetic suction seat for magnetically adsorbing a structural member is arranged, and at least one groove with an upward opening is arranged on the top surface of the magnetic suction seat, and at least one groove divides the magnetic suction seat into at least two parts, and an electromagnetic suction cup is arranged in each part; each electromagnetic suction cup is electrically connected to a control device through a wire; Before butt welding, adjust the joint position of the two structural members to be welded so that the joint is located directly above one of the grooves, parallel to and connected with the groove; during welding, the gas in the joint is discharged to the outside of the magnetic seat through the groove, and the weld formed on one side of the two structural members close to the magnetic seat extends into the groove; The workbench is also provided with a fixing device which is detachably or movably connected to the workbench, and the fixing device is used to fix a structural member perpendicular to the magnetic seat during fillet welding or T-shaped welding, and to apply pressure toward the magnetic seat to the structural member; The fixing device includes a sliding portion capable of sliding relative to the magnetic seat, a pressure arm beam fixedly arranged on the top of the sliding portion, and a crimping member arranged on the pressure arm beam and capable of moving up and down along the height direction of the pressure arm beam; the crimping member includes a pressure block for abutting against the top surface of a structural member perpendicular to the magnetic seat, and a driving device arranged on the pressure arm beam for driving the pressure block to move up and down along the height direction of the pressure arm beam; The pressing block includes a block body, a first protrusion arranged at the bottom of the block body, and a second protrusion arranged at the bottom of the block body and parallel to the first protrusion, and an accommodating cavity is provided between the first protrusion and the second protrusion for plugging and cooperating with the top of a structural member perpendicular to the magnetic suction seat; the bottom end of the first protrusion is lower than the bottom end of the second protrusion.

2. The large-size structural component laser welding tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench is also provided with a fixing member for fixing the structural member before the electromagnetic chuck is energized, and the fixing member is detachably connected to the workbench.

3. The large-size structural component laser welding tool as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing member includes a first positioning member for abutting against the welding end face of the structural member, and a second positioning member for abutting against the non-welding end face of the structural member. There are multiple second positioning members and at least one first positioning member. At least one first positioning member and multiple second positioning members are sequentially spaced and arranged around the structural member to cooperate in clamping the structural member.

4. The large-size structural component laser welding tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The first positioning member includes a first support rod detachably connected to the workbench or the magnetic base, and a baffle rotatably connected to the first support rod and used to abut against the welding end face of the structural member; the baffle can be rotated 180° relative to the first support rod; when in use, the baffle is placed directly above the corresponding groove with the side in contact with the structural member.

5. The large-size structural component laser welding tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing part also includes a magnetic block for respectively adsorbing the magnetic seat and the corresponding end faces of the structural part. There are multiple magnetic blocks. The magnetic blocks cooperate with the first positioning part, the second positioning part and / or another structural part to clamp the structural part, or multiple magnetic blocks are arranged around the structural part and cooperate with each other to clamp the structural part.

6. Large-size structural parts laser welding system, characterized by: include: The large-size structural component laser welding tool, spot welding device and laser welding device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A method for laser welding of large-size structural parts, based on the large-size structural parts laser welding tooling according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The two structural parts to be welded are arranged on both sides of the same groove, and the joint between the two parts is located directly above the groove; The relative positions of the two structural members and the grooves are fixed respectively by the electromagnetic chucks under the structural members; Laser welding with filler wire to form an assembly; The electromagnetic chuck is powered off and the welded assembly is removed from the workbench.

Images