Gas control device for artificial respirator

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas control device (10) for a ventilator, comprising a first gas channel (11) with a non-return valve (19), a second gas channel (12) and a switching device (13), wherein the first gas channel (11) has an opening (14) for the outflow of gas, the opening having a seal (15) and a closure cap (16), wherein the switching device (13) is provided for directing the gas flow of the first gas channel (11) past the non-return valve (19) in the event of a blockage / interference of the non-return valve (19). The invention also relates to a ventilator, comprising a gas control device (10) according to one of the above-mentioned features.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a gas control device for a ventilator, the gas control device comprising a first gas channel with a check valve, a second gas channel and a switching device. The gas control device can be arranged in the ventilator or be assigned to the ventilator. Background Art

[0002] Respirators are used for the treatment of respiratory system disturbances, wherein they can be used both internally and externally for non-invasive and invasive artificial respiration.

[0003] In the artificial respiration of a patient, a ventilator can usually be used that has an inspiratory branch for a breathing gas flow and optionally a branch for an expiratory breathing gas flow. The branch for the expiratory breathing gas flow enables the patient to exhale / exhale breathing gas, while the branch for the inspiratory breathing gas flow supplies the patient with breathing gas.

[0004] In ventilators known from the prior art, obstructions / interferences can occur in the expiratory limb of the ventilator.

[0005] If the inspiratory branch of the ventilator includes a non-return valve, the exhaled breathing gas cannot be fed back into the ventilator, thus preventing the patient from exhaling. Summary of the invention

[0006] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device which ensures the exhalation of breathing gas even in the event of a disturbance / blockage, in particular of the expiratory limb, of the ventilator.

[0007] It is also an object of the present invention to provide a device which provides a gas channel which can be activated as required.

[0008] This object is achieved by a gas control device according to claim 1. Developments and advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims. Further advantages and features emerge from the general description and the description of exemplary embodiments.

[0009] The present invention relates to a gas control device for a ventilator, the gas control device comprising a first gas channel with a first valve, wherein the first gas channel and the valve are configured to allow a gas flow under pressure in a first direction to pass through and to prevent a gas flow under pressure in a second direction, wherein an opening branches off from the first gas channel and leads to a bypass channel for the valve, wherein the second valve is configured to prevent and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel to the bypass channel, wherein a switching device is configured to control the second valve, prevent and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel to the bypass channel.

[0010] The present invention also relates to a gas control device, comprising a first gas channel having a first valve, wherein the first gas channel and the valve are configured to allow a gas flow under pressure in a first direction to pass through and to prevent a gas flow under pressure in a second direction, wherein an opening branches off from the first gas channel and leads to a bypass channel for the valve, wherein the second valve is configured to prevent and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel to the bypass channel, wherein a switching device is configured to control the second valve, prevent and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel to the bypass channel.

[0011] The present invention is also characterized in that the second direction is opposite to the first direction.

[0012] The invention is also characterized in that the first valve is a pneumatically actuated non-return valve which is actuated in the second direction by the force of the pressurized gas flow and thus the gas flow cannot pass through the non-return valve in the second direction.

[0013] The present invention is also characterized in that the gas flow in the second direction is the exhaled breathing gas, and the gas flow in the first direction is the inhaled breathing gas.

[0014] The invention is also characterized in that the breathing gas source draws in breathing gas from the environment and transports it along a first gas channel for inspiration in a first direction to the hose connector and the respiration hose, wherein the gas flows through the open nonreturn valve.

[0015] The invention is also characterized in that the switching device opens the valve and the pressurized gas flow of the exhaled breath passes through the opening and through the bypass channel at least partially into the environment.

[0016] The invention is also characterized in that the valve is designed as a pneumatic valve, wherein a seal of the valve closes or opens a gas-conducting connection between the opening and the bypass channel, wherein the second gas channel is provided to conduct a pneumatic control pressure to a surface of the seal.

[0017] The invention is also characterized in that the seal, which is acted upon by the control pressure, is arranged to bear sealingly against the edge of the opening and thus prevents a gas flow from the opening into the bypass channel.

[0018] The invention is also characterized in that the second gas channel is pneumatically connected to the respiration tube or the gas channel and that the switching device at least temporarily opens or closes the pneumatic connection.

[0019] The present invention also relates to a gas control device for a ventilator, comprising a first gas channel with a non-return valve, a second gas channel and a switching device, wherein the first gas channel has an opening for gas outflow, the opening having a seal and a closing cap.

[0020] According to the present invention, the gas control device is arranged to guide the gas flow of the first gas channel past the check valve in the event of a blockage / interference in the expiratory branch of the ventilator. Thus, the patient's exhalation is ensured in the event of a blockage / interference in the expiratory branch. For example, the first gas channel is connected to the second gas channel. In an alternative configuration, it is conceivable that the first gas channel and the second gas channel are separated, wherein the second gas channel is supplied by a separate gas channel. It is also conceivable that the gas control device according to the present invention is also used in the event of a blockage / interference in the inspiratory branch of the ventilator. In such a case, the gas control device can be used to ensure the patient's inhalation in the event of a blockage / interference in the inspiratory branch of the ventilator.

[0021] The gas control device is arranged to control the second gas channel when the expiratory branch is blocked or disturbed, so that the gas flow of the first gas channel flows out through the opening or flows past the check valve through the bypass channel. Here, the gas flow of the first gas channel is usually composed of inhaled gas and / or exhaled gas. In particular, when the expiratory branch is blocked / interrupted, the patient's exhaled gas can be guided back to the check valve through the inhalation branch / first gas channel. Therefore, advantageously, the opening of the first gas channel is arranged downstream of the check valve in the direction of the inhalation flow in the area of ​​the check valve.

[0022] The gas control device is configured to control the pressure in the second gas channel. Here, "control" can mean that the switching device can be configured to open or lock the second gas channel. In an alternative embodiment, the switching device can be continuously and steplessly controlled. Based on the control of the gas flow of the second gas channel, in particular the opening or locking of the second gas channel, the gas flow (expiratory gas / expiratory gas flow) of the first gas channel can be guided past the check valve. The gas flow of the first gas channel is guided past the check valve through a bypass channel. The gas flow diverted in the bypass channel can be re-supplied to the first gas channel (advantageously supplied to the following area: the area is connected to the upstream of the check valve in the inhalation flow direction of the gas flow) or derived through a bypass channel or a separate branch, and the separate branch can be set as an inhalation branch or an expiratory branch.

[0023] In this case, the gas control device can be provided such that it can be controlled based on a detected volume, a detected flow rate or a detected pressure of the gas flow.

[0024] In particular, the gas control device can comprise at least one sensor, wherein the switching device can be provided so as to be controllable on the basis of a parameter detected by the at least one sensor.

[0025] At least one sensor of the gas control device, for example as part of the switching device, can be configured to detect at least one breathing parameter, breathing gas parameter and / or other parameter from the output signal. In this case, one or more detected parameters can form a function, which one or more detected parameters, for example, relate to one or more of the following measurements: (peak) flow, flow rate, (tidal) volume, pressure, temperature, humidity, velocity, acceleration, gas composition (e.g. concentration of one or more components), heat dissipation, (intentional) gas leakage and / or other measurements related to the breathing gas flow.

[0026] The breathing parameters can be derived, for example, from gas parameters and / or other output signals, wherein one or more breathing parameters can be one or more of the following: breathing frequency, breathing duration, inhalation time or inhalation duration, exhalation time or exhalation cycle, shape of the breathing flow curve, transition time from inhalation to exhalation and / or vice versa, transition time from (peak) inhalation flow rate to (peak) expiratory flow rate and / or vice versa, shape of the breathing pressure curve, maximum proximal pressure drop (for each breathing cycle and / or phase), the proportion of inhaled oxygen and / or other breathing parameters.

[0027] The gas control device according to the invention enables the patient to exhale even in the event of a blockage / interference of the exhalation limb of the ventilator.

[0028] The gas control device is configured, for example, by means of a switching device, to control the gas flow of the second gas channel and to guide the gas flow of the first gas channel through the opening around the non-return valve. By controlling the gas flow of the second gas channel, the opening can be opened, on which a seal is placed, which is sealed by the gas flow / pressure of the second gas channel. The gas flow of the first gas channel can come out of the opening. When the second gas channel is locked, the pressure conditions in the region of the seal change so that the gas pressure of the gas flow of the first gas channel is greater than the gas pressure of the second gas channel. Typically, the gas pressure of the locked second gas channel is equal to zero.

[0029] Typically, the bypass channel is constructed in an annular shape around the opening of the first gas channel. Annular can also mean surrounding the opening. The annular configuration offers the advantage that the gas can flow out of the opening at an angle within 360°. As a result, a correspondingly large amount of exhaled exhaled gas can be discharged simultaneously through the opening of the first gas channel. Advantageously, the bypass channel is arranged to concentrate the gas flow discharged through the opening and discharge it in one direction.

[0030] In one configuration, the gas control device is set to open or lock the second gas channel, for example, by means of a switching device. For example, the switching device is set to open the second gas channel, whereby a gas flow / pressure can be applied to the sealing portion placed on the opening. The sealing portion can be pressed against the opening by applying a gas flow / pressure to the sealing portion. The switching device can also be set to lock the second gas channel, so that no gas flow / pressure can be applied to the sealing portion placed on the opening. In this case, the sealing portion is loosely placed on the opening. In this configuration, the gas flow of the first gas channel can flow into the bypass channel due to the loosely / loosely placed sealing portion on the opening.

[0031] Advantageously, the gas control device is configured, for example, via a switching device, to lock the second gas channel in the event of a blockage / interference in the expiratory limb. Locking means that the switching device does not provide a gas flow / pressure in the second gas channel or blocks it. Since the seal is not loaded by the gas flow of the second gas channel, the gas flow of the first gas channel is sufficient to lift the seal and divert the gas flow from the first gas channel into the bypass channel.

[0032] Typically, the gas control device is set, for example, by a switching device, to open the second gas channel when the ventilator is used in a valve system, so that the second gas channel can guide the gas flow. When used in a valve system, the expiratory branch and / or the inspiratory branch of the ventilator are not disturbed, and the opening of the gas control device is blocked by the pressure of the second gas channel, which is usually configured as a pressure channel.

[0033] Opening means that the gas control device opens the second gas channel, for example, by means of a switching device, so that a gas flow can flow through and thus the seal placed on the opening is acted upon by the gas flow / pressure. Typically, the gas flow of the second gas channel is acted upon by a pressure of 1 mbar to 100 mbar. Due to this pressure, the seal is pressed against the opening and seals.

[0034] The gas control device is arranged so that when the ventilator is in normal operation, the gas flow from the first gas channel seals the seal by means of the gas flow of the second gas channel, which is led to the seal of the gas control device through the connection of the closure cap.

[0035] During normal operation / use in a valve hose system, the non-return valve functionality is maintained.

[0036] The gas control device is designed to exert pressure on the sealing membrane via the second gas channel in an undisturbed operating state of the respirator, for example in an undisturbed expiratory limb, and thereby close the opening of the gas control device.

[0037] The gas control device is arranged to lock the second gas channel in the event of a blockage / interference of the exhalation branch. As a result, no pressure is exerted on the sealing membrane and the opening can be opened by the gas pressure of the gas flow of the first gas channel. The gas flow coming out through the opening can be re-supplied to the first gas channel or can be discharged through a separate branch.

[0038] In one configuration, the switching device (as part of the gas control device) can be configured to be controlled based on a time-controlled switching of exhalation and / or inspiration.

[0039] In an alternative configuration, the switching device (as part of the gas control device) can be arranged to be controlled based on parameters of the first gas channel. For example, at least one parameter of the gas flow in the first gas channel can be detected by means of a sensor. For example, the pressure inside the first gas channel can be detected by means of a pressure sensor. Here, the switching device is arranged to be controlled based on the detected pressure of the gas flow in the first gas channel. For example, in an alternative configuration, the switching device can be arranged to open or lock the second gas channel based on reaching a predetermined threshold value. Such a threshold value can be, for example, a value that is above the average detected pressure in the first gas channel. When the threshold value is exceeded, the switching device can be arranged to lock the second gas channel. If the pressure in the first gas channel drops below the threshold value, the switching device can open the second gas channel.

[0040] In a further alternative embodiment, the flow rate or volume of the gas flow of the first gas channel can also be detected by means of a sensor, for example. The switching device can be arranged to be controllable based on the determined flow rate or the detected volume of the gas flow. The switching device can also be arranged to be controllable based on another parameter of the gas flow of the first gas channel.

[0041] In another alternative embodiment, the switching device (as part of the gas control device) is also variably switchable, wherein the switching device can be configured to steplessly control the pressure of the gas flow in the second gas channel between 0 mbar and 1 bar, in particular between 0 mbar and 100 mbar. The switching device can also be configured to continuously increase the gas flow / pressure in the second gas channel to a predetermined value over a predetermined period of time.

[0042] A seal for a part of a gas control device, in particular for a valve, is configured to enable the gas flow of the first channel to flow through an opening when the second gas channel is locked. The seal seals the bypass channel relative to the opening. Advantageously, the seal has a shape that allows the seal to be lowered and maintained on the opening when the gas of the first and second gas channels is emptied. The seal has a bearing area ratio between 4 / 5 and 2 / 3. The seal is dimensioned so that when the seal is not loaded with gas flow / pressure by the gas flow of the second gas channel, the seal can be lifted by the gas flow of the first gas channel. In addition, the seal usually includes a surrounding, reinforced edge, which is arranged to be placed on the edge of the bypass channel. The surrounding, reinforced edge can have a latching structure or a retaining structure, which makes it easier for the seal to be retained on the edge of the bypass channel. For example, the surrounding, reinforced edge can have an edge, which is configured to be attached to the protrusion of the edge of the bypass channel.

[0043] In one embodiment, the seal is arranged to be placed on the opening and includes a weight. The weight, which is preferably integrated into the seal, supports the positioning of the seal on the opening. Typically, the seal has a higher material thickness in an area in which the weight is integrally constructed than in the surrounding area of ​​the seal. The seal is typically circular in shape. Alternatively, the seal can be rectangular, square or elliptical or have another geometric shape. Typically, the seal is constructed to correspond to the shape of the opening and / or to the shape of a bypass channel surrounding the opening. Between the edge of the bypass channel and the weight, the seal can form an arched portion, which points in the direction of the first gas channel and prevents the seal from slipping.

[0044] In an extension of the present invention, the weight of the sealing part is annularly configured in the center of the sealing part. Here, in the center means in the center of the annular sealing part. Usually, the annular weight is configured in the shape of a pad. However, the weight can also have a rectangular or elliptical shape. Due to the annular configuration, the sealing part can be placed on the edge of the opening that surrounds the opening. The sealing part can also be placed only partially on the edge of the opening. Usually, the shape of the weight is configured corresponding to the shape of the opening or to the shape of the edge of the opening. The weight weights the sealing part, whereby the sealing part is loosely held on the edge of the opening. Optionally, the weight can be rectangularly configured or have other geometric shapes. In addition, the weight can be arranged in other areas of the sealing part.

[0045] The seal is constructed from an elastomeric material and the weight is constructed from metal. The seal is usually constructed from an elastomeric material with a hardness in the range between 15 and 25 Shore A, in particular between 18 and 22 Shore A. For example, the seal is produced from silicon. Alternatively, the weight can be constructed from other materials, such as hard plastic or a combination of metal or plastic.

[0046] In another extension of the invention, the seal has a shaped portion, which is configured in the region of the weight so as to point in the direction of the first gas channel. The shaped portion can be configured as a conical projection, the top of which extends from the opening into the first gas channel. For example, the shaped portion can be configured in a groove of the weight that is determined by the washer-shaped configuration. The shaped portion supports the seal to remain on the opening of the first gas channel. Optionally, the shaped portion can be configured in any shape that keeps the seal in its position on the opening. In an alternative embodiment, the seal can be configured without a shaped portion.

[0047] In an advantageous development of the invention, the locking cover is designed to be able to be placed over the opening. Typically, the locking cover can be snapped onto the opening. This offers the advantage that when the locking cover is placed on the seal, which is placed over the opening, the seal does not move in its position. In order to be able to snap onto the opening, the locking cover typically has at least two projections, which typically have barbs that engage in grooves formed at the outer region of the opening. Alternatively, the locking cover of the gas control device can be provided with a bayonet connection. Optionally, the locking cover can be fastened to the opening by means of an alternative snap-in element.

[0048] In another advantageous extension of the present invention, the closing cover includes a connector that can be connected to the second gas channel. The shape of the connector is usually constructed corresponding to the shape of the second gas channel. Alternatively, the connector and the gas channel can be connected via an adapter. The connector is configured to direct the gas flow / pressure of the second gas channel provided by the switching device to the sealing portion. The connector is usually constructed to be connected to the closing cover. Here, the connector is typically connected to the closing cover so that the gas flow can be applied vertically and centrally to the sealing portion. Alternatively, the connector can also be arranged on the side of the closing cover. The connector, which can also be constructed as a channel, has a diameter, for example, between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm.

[0049] According to the present invention, the switching device (as part of the gas control device) is arranged to open the second gas channel when the ventilator is operating normally and to lead the gas flow / pressure through the second gas channel and the joint to the sealing part and close the opening. When the ventilator is operating normally, there is no interference / blockage of the expiratory branch or the inspiratory branch of the ventilator. The switching device is arranged to control the gas flow / pressure of the second gas channel. Usually, the gas flow in the second channel is loaded with a gas flow / pressure of 1 mbar to 1 bar, especially between 10 mbar and 150 mbar. As a result, the sealing part is sealed on the opening of the first gas channel, so that the gas flow of the first gas channel cannot leak out through the opening.

[0050] According to the present invention, the switching device (as part of the gas control device) is arranged to lock the second gas channel when the expiratory branch is blocked / interfered. Due to the locking of the second gas channel, the gas flow / pressure of the second gas channel is stopped. The gas control device can lead the gas flow of the first gas channel through the opening. When the second gas channel is locked by the switching device, the gas flow / pressure in the first gas channel is greater than the gas flow / pressure in the second gas channel. As a result, the gas flow of the first gas channel can lift the sealing portion placed on the opening and guide the gas flow into the bypass channel and bypass the check valve. The sealing portion is lifted so that the sealing portion is pressed / held on the edge of the bypass channel by the locking cover in the area of ​​the boundary of the sealing portion. Once the second gas channel is locked and the gas flow / pressure is no longer applied to the sealing portion, the weight of the sealing portion is lifted by the gas flow of the first gas channel, so that the sealing portion placed on the edge of the opening is lifted, whereby the gas flow can flow from the first gas channel through the opening into the bypass channel.

[0051] In addition, the present invention also includes a sealing part for a part of a gas control device of a ventilator, wherein the gas control device includes a first gas channel with a check valve, a second gas channel and a switching device, wherein the first gas channel has an opening for allowing gas to flow out, and the opening has a sealing part and a locking cover.

[0052] According to the invention, the seal has a weight and is arranged so that the gas flow of the first gas channel can flow through the opening when the second gas channel is locked. The seal is usually circular. However, alternatively, the seal can also be rectangular or have other geometric shapes. Typically, the seal is made of an elastomeric material, such as silicon. The seal usually has a hardness between 15 and 25 Shore A, in particular between 18 and 22 Shore A. In an alternative configuration, the weight can be constructed in other areas of the seal.

[0053] In one embodiment, the seal has an at least partially surrounding edge, which is arranged to fit into a groove of the gas control device. The surrounding edge is preferably of reinforced design and can have a shaped portion, which fits into a groove at the edge of the bypass channel. The surrounding edge of the seal serves on the one hand for sealing and on the other hand for positioning the seal on the edge of the bypass channel. It is pressed / held / sealed onto the edge of the bypass channel by the locking cover. The edge of the bypass channel can have a projection, which is arranged to abut against the seal so that the edge of the seal fits into the projection.

[0054] The present invention also relates to a gas control device, which is constructed as an electric and / or pneumatic control unit in a ventilator and is configured to allow a pressurized gas flow in a first direction to pass through and to block a pressurized gas flow in a second direction and to block and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from a first gas channel to a bypass channel, wherein the gas control device is configured to block and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from a first gas channel to a bypass channel.

[0055] The gas control device can be designed as an electric and / or pneumatic control unit which includes various actuators and sensors, for example at least a switching device, a valve and a gas source, and controls them in a coordinated manner within the meaning of the invention.

[0056] The gas control device can be constructed as an electric and / or pneumatic control unit and is configured to allow a gas flow under pressure in a first direction to pass through and to block a gas flow under pressure in a second direction and to block and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from a first gas channel to a bypass channel, wherein the gas control device 10 is configured to block and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from a first gas channel to a bypass channel.

[0057] The present invention also includes a closing cover for a gas control device of a ventilator, the gas control device comprising a first gas channel with a check valve, a second gas channel and a switching device, wherein the first gas channel has an opening for gas to flow out, the opening having a sealing part and a closing cover.

[0058] According to the invention, the closure cap has at least partially a projection which forms a barb and is arranged to fit into a recess on the gas control device. Alternatively, the closure cap can include a bayonet fitting which is arranged to fit into a recess on the opening.

[0059] The invention also relates to a ventilator comprising a gas control device comprising at least one of the aforementioned features.

[0060] In the sense of the present invention, a gas can be any breathable gas or gas mixture, in particular air, oxygen, exhaled respiratory gas or inhaled respiratory gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail below based on a highly simplified schematic diagram. It shows:

[0062] Figure 1a Schematic view of a gas control device according to the invention,

[0063] Figure 1b Schematic illustration of a gas control device according to the invention, wherein the gas control device is only partially shown here, namely as a switching device or valve block,

[0064] Figure 2 exist Figure 1b A schematic exploded view of the gas control device shown in FIG.

[0065] Figure 3 exist Figure 1b and 2 A longitudinal section of a gas control device is shown in FIG.

[0066] Figure 4a exist Figures 1b to 3 A side view of a gas control device is shown in FIG.

[0067] Figure 4b exist Figures 1b to 4a A top view of a closing cover according to the invention of a gas control device shown in FIG.

[0068] Figure 4c exist Figures 1b to 4b A side view of a check valve of a gas control device is shown in FIG.

[0069] In the figures, identical components are provided with the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] Figure 1aA schematic view of a gas control device 10 according to the invention for a ventilator 1 is shown. The ventilator 1 generally has an inspiratory branch, which is provided for supplying respiratory gas to a patient, and an expiratory branch, which is provided for conducting respiratory gas exhaled by the patient. The gas control device 10 can be designed as an electric and / or pneumatic control unit and is provided for passing a gas flow under pressure in a first direction 25 and blocking a gas flow under pressure in a second direction 26 and blocking and / or at least temporarily enabling a gas flow from a first gas channel 11 to a bypass channel 21, wherein the gas control device 10 is provided for blocking and / or at least temporarily enabling a gas flow from the first gas channel 11 to the bypass channel 21.

[0071] exist Figure 1a The gas control device 10 according to the invention shown in the figure is configured for use in a respirator 1 or as a part of a respirator and comprises a first gas channel 11 with a first valve 19, wherein the first gas channel 11 and the valve 19 are configured to allow a gas flow under pressure in a first direction 25 to pass through and to block a gas flow under pressure in a second direction 26, wherein an opening 14 branches off from the first gas channel 11 and leads to a bypass channel 21 for the valve 19, wherein second valves 15, 16 are configured to block and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel 11 to the bypass channel 21, wherein a switching device 13 is configured to control the second valves 15, 16 to block and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel 11 to the bypass channel 21.

[0072] The switching device comprises, for example, a valve block 13 having a first valve 19 and a second valve, a first gas path 11 and a second gas path and detours 14, 21. Optionally, the switching device 13 also comprises a pneumatic or electronic control device for the components of the valve block.

[0073] A gas source or breathing gas source 30 (eg a fan) transports gas or breathing gas (eg sucked in from the environment 29) along the first gas channel 11 for inhalation in a first direction 25 to the hose connector 28 and the respiration hose 27. In this case, the gas flows through the open nonreturn valve 19.

[0074] The patient's exhalation causes a breathing gas flow in the second direction 26 through the artificial respiration hose, the connector 28 and the first gas channel 11 to the non-return valve 19. The non-return valve is a pneumatically actuated non-return valve 19, which is actuated in the second direction 26 by the force of the pressurized gas flow of the exhaled breath and therefore cannot pass the non-return valve 19. Since the opening 14 is connected to the first gas channel 11, the pressurized gas flow of the exhaled breath also spreads into the opening in the second direction 26 and reaches the valves 15, 16. If the switching device 13 opens the valves 15, 16, the pressurized gas flow of the exhaled breath flows further along the opening and the bypass channel 21 into the environment 29 or alternatively into the first gas channel and from there at least partially into the environment.

[0075] The valves 15, 16 can be designed as pneumatic valves. In this case, the seal 15 of the valve can close or open the gas-conducting connection between the opening 14 and the bypass channel. The control pulses for the seal 15 of the valve come from the second gas channel 12, which conducts the pneumatic control pressure to the surface of the seal 15. If the seal is acted upon by the control pressure, it rests sealingly on the edge 22 of the opening 14 and thus prevents a gas flow from the opening into the bypass channel.

[0076] For this purpose, the second gas channel can be pneumatically supplied by the artificial respiration hose or gas channel 11. Other pressurized gas sources (such as controlling a fan) are also conceivable. The switching device 13 at least temporarily opens or closes the pneumatic connection between the second gas channel 12 and the artificial respiration hose or gas channel 11.

[0077] The valves 15, 16 can be designed as switching valves. In this case, activation of the valve by the switching device 13 opens or blocks the gas flow from the opening 14 into the bypass channel. In this case, a second gas channel is not necessary. Artificial ventilators usually have an inspiratory branch, which is provided for supplying breathing gas to the patient, and an expiratory branch, which is used to discharge the breathing gas exhaled by the patient.

[0078] Figure 1bA schematic view of a gas control device 10 according to the invention for a ventilator is shown. The gas control device 10 is shown here only partially, i.e. as a switching device 13 or as a valve block, and comprises a first gas channel 11 with a first valve 19, wherein the first gas channel 11 and the valve 19 are provided for passing a pressurized gas flow in a first direction 25 and for blocking a pressurized gas flow in a second direction 26, wherein an opening 14 branches off from the first gas channel 11 and leads to a bypass channel 21 for the valve 19, and the gas control device comprises second valves 15, 16 in order to open or close the bypass channel 21.

[0079] The gas control device 10 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 1 b is provided for use in a ventilator and has a first gas channel 11 (inspiratory branch) which directs the gas flow in the direction of the patient. The first gas channel 11 comprises a non-return valve 19 and an opening (not shown) with a seal (not shown). The opening and the seal are covered by a closure cap 16 in FIG. The non-return valve 19 prevents the return of contaminated breathing gas / gas flow from the patient due to exhalation.

[0080] In addition, the gas control device 10 has a second gas channel 12, which guides the gas flow to an opening (not shown). The second gas channel 12 is connected to the closure cover 16 via a connection 20, which is snapped onto the opening of the first gas channel. The second gas channel 12 extends to the closure cover 16 via the connection 20 and is controlled by a switching device (not shown). The second gas channel 12 can be traversed by a gas flow.

[0081] The (not shown) switching device can open or lock the second gas channel 12. Here, the switching device opens the second gas channel 12 for gas flow or gas pressure or gas flow volume. When the ventilator is operating normally, the second gas channel 12 is opened so that the gas flow or pressure can be directed to the (not shown) sealing part inside the locking cover 16 through the connector 20. The sealing part is completely pressed against the opening by the gas flow / pressure of the second gas channel 12 and the opening is thus closed. Thus, when the ventilator is operating normally (there is no obstruction during the normal operation), the inspiratory gas flow of the first gas channel 11 that should be directed to the patient is prevented from flowing out through the opening into the bypass channel 21. This is not necessary in this case, because the expiratory branch is unobstructed, so that the patient's exhaled respiratory gas can be discharged through the expiratory branch.

[0082] On the contrary, in the case of obstruction / interference of the expiratory branch of the ventilator, the patient's exhalation is prevented or made difficult. In addition, due to the check valve 19, the patient cannot exhale through the inspiratory branch. In the case of obstruction / interference of the expiratory branch of the ventilator, the switching device locks the second gas channel 12. Due to the locked gas channel 12, the gas flow of the second gas channel 12 acting on the sealing part is interrupted (Erliegen), whereby the gas flow of the first gas channel 11 can lift the sealing part placed on the opening, so that the gas flow of the first gas channel is guided through the bypass channel 21 around the check valve. Therefore, in this case, the gas flow or pressure of the first gas channel 11 is greater than the gas flow or pressure of the second gas channel 12, whereby the gas flow of the first gas channel 11 can lift the sealing part placed on the opening. The sealing part is sized and constructed as follows so that the gas flow of the first gas channel 11 can lift the sealing part when the gas channel 12 is locked. "Lifting" here means that the seal is held circumferentially at its circumferential edge by the closure cap 16 on the edge of the bypass channel 21 and is pressed upwards in the direction of the center of the circular seal by the gas flow of the first gas channel 11. The weight of the seal is proportionally distributed so that the seal automatically drops down over the opening when the gas flow of the second gas channel 12 decreases.

[0083] Therefore, the patient is also able to exhale when the expiratory limb is blocked / disturbed.

[0084] In the leakage system, the switching device blocks the second gas channel or does not provide pressure on the sealing portion. In this case, the switching valve is provided for permanently realizing the outflow of gas.

[0085] In the valve system, the switching device is provided for switching to exhalation corresponding to the time control of the ventilator. Therefore, the switching device is provided for blocking the second gas channel 12 when the ventilator switches to exhalation. This ensures the patient's exhalation because the opening of the gas control device is open during exhalation and the backflowing gas can escape through the opening.

[0086] When the expiratory branch of the ventilator is in normal operation, the switching device switches on the second gas channel 12, whereby a gas flow can flow into and be pressurized in the second gas channel 12. The gas flow in the second gas channel 12 causes the seal to seal on the opening, thereby preventing the inhaled gas from flowing out through the opening during normal operation.

[0087] In the present embodiment, the closing cap 16 comprises three protrusions 18, by means of which the closing cap 16 can be clamped onto the opening of the first gas channel 11. In addition, a connection 20 is formed on the closing cap, to which the second gas channel 12 can be connected. The connection 20 is arranged centrally on the closing cap 16, so that the gas flow / pressure can be applied centrally and uniformly to the seal through the connection 20 and the closing cap 16.

[0088] Therefore, in Figure 1b The gas control device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is provided in normal operation to guide the gas flow in the first gas channel 11 through the non-return valve 19 toward the patient. In normal operation of the expiratory branch, the opening of the first gas channel 11 is closed and the function of the non-return valve 19 is maintained. In the event of a blockage / interference of the non-return valve 19, the gas control device 10 bypasses the non-return valve 19.

[0089] The (not shown) switching device of the gas control device 10 is triggered by the time-controlled switching of the ventilator between inspiration and exhalation. Usually, the switching device locks the second gas channel 12 as soon as the ventilator switches to exhalation. Optionally, the switching can be carried out with a delay. Usually, the switching device opens the second gas channel 12 when the ventilator switches to inspiration.

[0090] In addition, Figure 1b 1 shows a bypass channel 21. The bypass channel 21 extends from the opening and enables the gas flow flowing out of the opening to be guided past the non-return valve 19. The bypass channel 21 is designed to be circumferential around the opening and narrows in its further course to a channel that extends in a direction parallel to the first gas channel. The bypass channel 21 can then be re-opened into the first gas channel or can be used as a separate branch to discharge the gas flow guided past the non-return valve.

[0091] The bypass channel has an edge in the region of the opening (not shown), on which the seal can be sealed by the closure cap 16. The edge of the bypass channel 21 can have a projection, behind which the edge of the seal can fit. The edge of the bypass channel 21 prevents the seal from slipping off.

[0092] Figure 2 1 shows a schematic exploded view of the gas control device 10. The first and second gas channels 11, 12, the non-return valve 19 and the opening 14 with the seal 15 are shown here.

[0093] The closure cap 16 is also shown with the connection 20 . The connection 20 is shown in a central arrangement, wherein one end of the connection 20 extends outwards and can be connected to the second gas channel 12 .

[0094] exist Figure 2 , it is shown that the opening 14 has an edge 22 . The edge 22 is designed as a projection and serves as a step-down for a weight 17 that is designed to be integrated into the seal 15 .

[0095] The seal 15 is made of an elastomeric material, preferably silicone, having a hardness between 15 and 25 Shore A, in particular between 18 and 22 Shore A. The seal 15 is circular in shape and has a border 23 .

[0096] The boundary 23 can be designed as a reinforcing structure or as a functional protrusion. The boundary 23 is provided for placement on the edge 24 of the bypass channel 21. The seal 15 can have a thinner material thickness between the boundary 23 of the seal 15 and the weight 17 than in the region of the edge 24 of the bypass channel 21 and in the region of the seal 15 where the weight 17 is mostly arranged integrally.

[0097] In the present embodiment, the seal 15 has an arched structure between the edge 24 of the bypass channel 21 and the weight 17, which can additionally prevent the seal 15 from moving on the opening 14. In some other embodiments, the seal 15 can have other structures between the edge 24 of the bypass channel 21 and the weight 17 or be designed without structures.

[0098] The weight 17 of the seal 15 is designed in the form of a dolly. The weight 17 is made of metal and is designed to be integrated into the seal 15. The weight 17 can stabilize the seal 15 at the opening 14.

[0099] When the closing cap 16 is placed on the opening 14, the seal 15 is pressed and held against the edge of the bypass channel 21 in the region of the boundary 23 of the seal 15. The closing cap 16 seals the seal 15 to the outside and holds the seal 15 in its position inside the closing cap 16. The seal 15 is thus pressed / held against the edge 24 of the bypass channel 21 inside the gas control device 10 by the closed closing cap 16. The seal 15 is clamped / sealed between the edge 24 of the bypass channel 21 and the closing cap 16 by the circumferentially configured, reinforced boundary 23.

[0100] Regions of the seal 15 other than the boundary 23 are designed without contact with the closure cap 16. These regions can also be referred to as impingement regions, since they are impinged upon by the switching device with the gas flow / pressure when the second gas duct 12 is open.

[0101] The seal 15 is held on the opening 14 by the weight and its structure in the static state (without gas flow). If the switching device is provided for opening the second gas channel 12, the impingement area of ​​the seal 15 is additionally impinged by the gas flow / pressure, thereby sealing the seal 15 to the opening 14.

[0102] If the switching device is designed to block the second gas channel 12 , the impingement region of the seal 15 is not impinged by the gas flow, so that the gas flow of the first gas channel 11 is sufficient to lift the seal in the region of the impingement region and direct the gas flow into the bypass channel 21 .

[0103] exist Figure 2 The locking cap 16 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a projection 18 which is formed as a barb. When the locking cap 16 is snapped on, the barb engages in a groove which is formed on the outside of the gas control device 10. In some other embodiments, other locking possibilities are conceivable, for example a locking mechanism in the form of a bayonet fitting. In addition, in Figure 2 The non-return valve 19 and the bypass channel 21 are shown.

[0104] Figure 3 1 and 2. The first gas channel 11 with the nonreturn valve 19, the opening 14 and the seal 15 and the second gas channel 12 are shown. Furthermore, the closing cap 16 with the connection 20 and the bypass channel 21 are shown.

[0105] An inspired gas flow can be delivered to the patient via the first gas channel 11. The non-return valve 19 prevents exhaled gas from flowing back through the first gas channel 11 in the ventilator. Thus, in the event of a blockage / interruption of the exhalation branch of the ventilator, exhalation of the gas flow / expiratory gas via the first gas channel 11 is not possible.

[0106] Furthermore, a bypass channel 21 is shown, which extends from the opening 14. The bypass channel 21 is designed as a bypass channel around the opening 14 and in its further course extends to a channel which extends in a direction parallel to the first gas channel 11. Due to the surrounding arrangement of the bypass channel, a large amount of exhaled gas can be passed around the nonreturn valve 19 at the same time and discharged through the opening 14. The bypass channel 21 can open into the inspiratory branch or be designed as a separate exhalation branch.

[0107] The seal 15 can be constructed in a circular shape and have a weight 17 in its center. The weight 17 is constructed in an annular / dish-shaped manner. The weight 17 has a conical configuration of the seal 15 in its shape-dependent recess, which extends in the direction of the first gas channel 11. The conical configuration provides the following advantages: the seal 15 is fixed in its position on the opening 14 to prevent it from slipping. In some other embodiments, the configuration of the seal 15 can have other geometric shapes suitable for keeping the seal 15 in its position. The weight 17 is constructed to be integrated into the seal 15. The seal 15 has a greater material thickness in the area of ​​the weight 17. This provides the following advantages on the one hand: the weight 17 can be integrated into the seal 15 and on the other hand, due to the higher material thickness, an additional weight 17 is produced, so that the seal 15 is kept in its position. The weight 17 can also be constructed to be applied to the seal 15.

[0108] exist Figure 3 The closure cap 16 shown in FIG. 1 is arranged on the opening 14 , wherein the closure cap 16 presses the seal 15 against the edge of the bypass channel 21 in the region of the boundary 23 , while the seal 15 is arranged contactless with the closure cap 16 in the loading region.

[0109] Figure 4a 1 to 3 shows a side view of the gas control device 10. The first gas channel 11 and the closing cap 16 are shown, which has a projection 18 and a connection 20 for a second gas channel (not shown).

[0110] exist Figure 4a As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the input side of the first gas channel 11 is larger than the output side. In addition to the first gas channel 11, the input side also includes a bypass channel 21 that narrows to a channel. Therefore, the input side of the first gas channel 11 includes the first gas channel 11 oriented in the direction of the inhalation flow and the bypass channel 21 oriented opposite to the inhalation flow direction.

[0111] Figure 4b A top view of the closure cap 16 according to the invention of the gas control device 10 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 b is shown. The closure cap 16 can be snapped onto the opening (not shown) of the first gas channel. When the closure cap 16 is snapped onto the opening, the seal is pressed by the closure cap 16 in the region of the weight (not shown) against the opening (at Figure 3 ) on the raised portion 22 and sealed.

[0112] The closing cap 16 has a connection 20 for the (not shown) second gas channel 12. Through the connection 20, a gas flow of the (not shown) second gas channel 12 can be applied to the (not shown) seal in order to close the (not shown) opening. In addition, the closing cap 16 includes a projection 18, which is usually in the form of a barb and is provided for engagement in a groove in the opening area. In some other embodiments, the closing cap 16 can have further projections 18 or can be fastened to the opening by a similar latching element.

[0113] Figure 4c 1 to 4 b show a top view of the non-return valve 19 of the gas control device 10 according to the invention. Here, the non-return valve 19 is viewed from the direction of the incoming gas flow, in the direction of the inspiratory flow. Also shown is a bypass channel 21, through which the gas flow can be directed around the non-return valve 19 in the event of a blockage / interruption of the expiratory branch of the ventilator.

[0114] The closure cap 16 is also shown in a side view and has a projection 18 by means of which the closure cap 16 can be snapped onto an opening (not shown).

[0115] Reference numerals list

[0116] 1. Artificial ventilator

[0117] 10 Gas Control Device

[0118] 11. First gas channel

[0119] 12 Second gas channel

[0120] 13 Switching device / valve block

[0121] 14 Opening

[0122] 15 Sealing part

[0123] 16 Opening locking cover

[0124] 17 Heavy Block

[0125] 18 Protrusion of the locking cover

[0126] 19 Check valve

[0127] 20 Connectors

[0128] 21 Bypass

[0129] 22 Edges of openings / protrusions

[0130] 23 Sealing boundary

[0131] 24 The edge of the bypass

[0132] 25 Gas flow in the first direction

[0133] 26 Gas flow in the second direction

[0134] 27 Artificial respiration hose

[0135] 28 Hose connector

[0136] 29 Environment

[0137] 30 Gas source, fan

Claims

1. A gas control device (10) for a ventilator (1), comprising a first gas channel (11) having a first valve, wherein: The first gas channel (11) and the first valve are configured to allow a gas flow under pressure in a first direction (25) to pass through and to prevent a gas flow under pressure in a second direction (26), wherein the gas flow in the second direction (26) is exhaled breathing gas and the gas flow in the first direction (25) is inhaled breathing gas, wherein an opening (14) for gas outflow branches off from the first gas channel (11) and leads to a bypass channel (21) for the first valve, the opening having a sealing portion (15) and a closure cover (16), wherein a second valve is provided for preventing and / or at least temporarily enabling the outflow of gas from the first gas channel The gas control device (10) further comprises a second gas channel (12) and a switching device (13), wherein the switching device is used to control the second valve to prevent and / or at least temporarily enable the gas flow from the first gas channel (11) to the bypass channel (21), characterized in that the switching device (13) is configured to lock the second gas channel (12) and thereby open the bypass channel (21) for the respiratory gas for exhalation in the event of obstruction / interference of the expiratory branch, so that the gas flow of the first gas channel (11) is guided past the first valve and discharged through the opening.

2. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second direction (26) is oriented at least partially and temporarily opposite to the first direction (25).

3. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first valve is a pneumatically actuated non-return valve (19) which is actuated in the second direction (26) by the force of the pressurized gas flow and thus the gas flow cannot pass through the non-return valve (19) in the second direction (26).

4. The gas control device (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that: A breathing gas source (30) draws in breathing gas from the environment (29) and transports it along a first gas channel (11) for the inhalation in the first direction (25) to a hose connector (28) and a respiration hose (27), wherein the gas flows through the open non-return valve (19).

5. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The switching device (13) opens the second valve, and as a result the pressurized gas flow of the exhaled breath passes at least partially through the opening (14) and through the bypass channel (21) into the environment (29).

6. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second valve is designed as a pneumatic valve, wherein a seal (15) of the valve closes or opens a gas-conducting connection between an opening (14) and a bypass channel (21), wherein a second gas channel (12) is provided to conduct a pneumatic control pressure to a surface of the seal (15).

7. The gas control device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The seal (15) acted upon by the control pressure is arranged to bear sealingly against an edge (22) of the opening (14) and thus prevent a gas flow from the opening into the bypass channel (21).

8. The gas control device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second gas channel is pneumatically connected to the respiration tube (27) or the first gas channel (11) or the fan, and the switching device (13) at least temporarily opens or closes the pneumatic connection.

9. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The switching device (13) is provided to control the gas flow / pressure of the second gas channel (12) and to enable the gas flow of the first gas channel (11) to be guided past the first valve via the opening (14).

10. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sealing portion (15) is configured to enable the gas flow of the first gas channel (11) to flow through the opening (14) when the second gas channel (12) is blocked.

11. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sealing part (15) is arranged to be placed on the opening (14) and comprises a weight (17), wherein the weight (17) is annularly configured at the center of the sealing part (15), wherein the sealing part (15) is configured from an elastomeric material and the weight (17) is configured from metal.

12. The gas control device (10) according to claim 11, characterized in that The seal (15) has a shaped portion which is designed in the region of the weight (17) to point in the direction of the first gas channel (11).

13. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The closing cap (16) is arranged to be placed onto the opening (14), wherein the closing cap (16) comprises a connection (20) which can be connected to the second gas channel (12).

14. The gas control device (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that The switching device (13) is configured to open the second gas channel (12) when the exhalation branch is operating normally, and to direct the gas flow / pressure through the second gas channel (12) and the connector (20) to the sealing portion (15) and to close the opening (14).

15. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second valve comprises a sealing portion (15) having a weight (17) and arranged to allow the gas flow of the first gas channel (11) to flow through the opening (14) when the second gas channel (12) is locked.

16. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The gas control device (10) comprises a valve block having the first gas channel and the second gas channel and the first valve and the second valve, wherein the second valve is assigned the second gas channel (12) as a connection for control pressure.

17. The gas control device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The gas control device (10) is constructed as an electric and / or pneumatic control unit in the ventilator and is configured to allow a gas flow under pressure in a first direction (25) to pass through and to prevent a gas flow under pressure in a second direction (26) and to prevent and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel (11) to the bypass channel (21), wherein the gas control device (10) is configured to prevent and / or at least temporarily enable a gas flow from the first gas channel (11) to the bypass channel (21).

18. A ventilator comprising a gas control device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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