An ownerless tower super-large-span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a main tower-free super-large-span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons and a construction method, and the steps are as follows: inclined shaft construction; installation of the main cable saddle; installation of the cable spreader saddle; installation of the cable fixing device; pouring of the anchor solid; installation of the stay cable anchor; installation of the main cable; installation of the stay cables; erection of the main beam. The composite bridge comprises a main beam, stay cables, a main cable, suspension cables, stay cable anchors, a main cable anchoring device and inclined shafts. The main beam is erected between the canyons; the inclined shafts are arranged on both sides of the tunnel entrance; the main cable anchoring device is arranged at the front end of the inclined shaft; a stay cable anchor is arranged below the main cable anchoring device; one end of the suspension cable is connected to the main cable, and the other end of the suspension cable is vertically connected to the main beam for suspending and fixing the main beam; one end of the stay cable is fixedly connected to the main beam, and the other end of the stay cable is connected to the stay cable anchor. By combining the anchoring of the stay cables and the main cable into the mountain body to replace the erection of the main tower, the construction difficulty is reduced and the project cost is reduced. At the same time, the characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge and the suspension bridge are combined to realize the connection of super-large-span canyons.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of road and bridge construction, and specifically relates to a main-towerless super-large-span combined bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the construction of national infrastructure such as tunnels, more and more mountain expressways and railways are entering the western mountainous areas. Due to the complex terrain in the western mountainous areas, there are more and more situations of "mountains - canyons - mountains". The lines must pass through in the form of "tunnels - bridges - tunnels". Due to the thick mountains and steep canyons, it is often in the form of connecting bridges and tunnels. When the canyon width is not large, conventional bridges can often be used for crossing; the lines are often controlled by elevation, etc. When crossing a large width in a steep canyon section, it is difficult to cross using conventional bridge methods; cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges are one of the common forms of large-span bridges; if the cable-stayed bridge method is used, the main tower of the bridge is often placed at the bottom of the canyon, and the height of the main tower is extremely large, making construction difficult; if the conventional suspension bridge method is used, on the one hand, an anchor needs to be set, and on the other hand, a bridge tower still needs to be set, the layout of the bridge tower is difficult, and it is difficult to construct. At the same time, when using the above-mentioned cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges alone for the construction of bridges between canyons, for some environments with too large canyon spans, the above two bridge forms cannot achieve the effect of connecting both ends of the canyon. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the difficulty in erecting the main tower of the bridge between wide and deep canyons and the connection of super-large-span wide and deep canyons, and the purpose is to provide a construction method of a main-towerless super-large-span combined bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A main-towerless super-large-span combined bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons, the combined bridge includes a main beam, stay cables, main cables, suspenders, stay cable anchors, main cable anchoring devices, and inclined shafts. The main beam is erected between the canyons;

[0006] Two of the inclined shafts are opened on both sides of the tunnel entrance, and two inclined shafts are opened at both ends of the tunnel entrance;

[0007] The main cable anchoring device is arranged at the front end of the inclined shaft close to the tunnel entrance;

[0008] A stay cable anchor is arranged every 5m - 8m below the main cable anchoring device;

[0009] The main cables are two and are respectively connected to the corresponding main cable anchoring devices at both ends of the canyon;

[0010] One end of the suspender is connected to the main cable, and the other end of the suspender is vertically connected to the main beam to suspend and fix the main beam;

[0011] One end of the stay cable is fixedly connected to the main beam, and the other end of the stay cable is connected to the stay cable anchor. In the current construction structure of cable-stayed bridges across wide and deep canyons, a main tower needs to be set up to provide support for the main beam. This method not only prolongs the construction period, but also has great construction difficulty and increases the construction cost of the project. The present invention designs a bridge structure without a main tower. By setting up a stay cable anchor and a main cable anchoring device, the stay cable and the main cable are anchored into the mountain body to provide tension for the suspension and fixation of the main beam. This bridge structure can avoid the erection of the main tower, and at the same time, adopting this construction method can not only shorten the construction period but also effectively reduce the project cost. The present invention can be used for the erection of bridges across ultra-wide canyons with a bridge span of more than 2000m.

[0012] Further technical solution:

[0013] The inclined shaft extends obliquely downward from the mountain body beside the tunnel entrance to the plane where the bottom surface of the tunnel is located, and the end of the inclined shaft is perpendicular to the tunnel and communicates with the tunnel. The inclined shaft and the tunnel jointly provide a construction site for the anchoring operation, and at the same time facilitate the passage of construction personnel, equipment, materials, etc.

[0014] Further: The main cable anchoring device includes a main cable saddle, a cable spreading saddle, a cable, an anchor body, and a cable fixing device. The main cable saddle is arranged at the front end of the main cable anchoring device and is used to change the force direction of the main cable. After the force direction of the main cable is changed, it extends along the axial direction of the inclined shaft;

[0015] Further: The main cable is connected to the cable spreading saddle after passing through the main cable saddle. One end of the cable spreading saddle is connected to the main cable, and the other end of the cable spreading saddle disperses the main cable into multiple cables;

[0016] The cable fixing device includes a connecting section and an anchoring section. The connecting section is used to connect the cable, and the anchoring section is fixed in the anchor body. The main cable saddle is mainly used to change the force direction of the main cable and change the force of the main cable to be along the radial direction of the inclined shaft; the cable spreading saddle disperses the main cable into multiple cables and is respectively connected to the cable fixing device and then anchored into the anchor body to traction-fix the main cable, and then the middle section of the main beam is suspension-fixed through the suspension cable, so as to realize the erection of the middle section of the main beam.

[0017] Further: The stay cable anchor is arranged obliquely downward in the mountain body.

[0018] Further: One end of the stay cable is connected to the stay cable anchor, and the other end is connected to the main beam through an end anchor;

[0019] Further: The stay cable is used to suspension-fix the bridge deck structure within 500m at both ends of the main beam.

[0020] Further: The stay cable anchor includes an anchoring structure, an anchor seat structure, and an anchor rod. The anchor seat structure is connected to the anchor rod, and the anchoring structure and the anchor seat structure are connected by a bolt group. The stay cable is anchored into the mountain body through the stay cable anchor, so that the stay cable can provide tension for the suspension and fixation of the main girder within a range of 500 m at both ends, ensuring the basic use function of the cable-stayed bridge.

[0021] A construction method for a main tower-free extra-large span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons includes the following construction steps:

[0022] Step 1: Inclined shaft construction. After the construction of the main tunnel at both ends of the canyon is completed, an inclined shaft is opened on both sides of the tunnel openings at both ends.

[0023] Step 2: Install the main cable saddle. After the inclined shaft construction is completed, fix the main cable saddle at the inclined shaft wellhead.

[0024] Step 3: Install the cable spreader saddle. After the main cable saddle is installed and fixed, install the cable spreader saddle behind the main cable saddle along the inclined shaft direction.

[0025] Step 4: Install the cable fixing device. After the cable spreader saddle is installed, install the cable fixing device behind the cable spreader saddle along the inclined shaft direction.

[0026] Step 5: Pour the anchor solid. After the cable fixing device is installed, pour the anchor solid in the anchoring section of the cable fixing device.

[0027] Step 6: Install the stay cable anchor. First, embed the anchor rod and the anchor seat structure into the mountain body, and then connect the anchoring structure and the anchor seat structure through a bolt group.

[0028] Step 7: Install the main cable. First, connect the main cable to the main cable saddle to change the direction of the main cable. After the main cable passes through the main cable saddle, connect it to the cable spreader saddle. The cable spreader saddle divides the main cable into multiple cable strands, and finally connect the cable strands to the cable fixing device.

[0029] Step 8: Install the stay cable. Connect one end of the stay cable to the stay cable anchor.

[0030] Step 9: Erection of the main girder. First, use the stay cables to suspend and fix the first 500 m at both ends of the main girder, and use sling cables to suspend and fix the middle section of the main girder. A main tower-free extra-large width composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons and the construction method provided by the present invention are of great significance for reducing the project cost and the difficulty of project implementation. This method can make full use of the construction channels brought by the tunnels at both ends, without the need to separately open a construction channel in the canyon, avoiding the problem of difficult access to remote deep canyons for construction. At the same time, it avoids the setting of ultra-high main towers with extremely high construction difficulty. At the same time, the combined use of suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges can effectively increase the span of the bridge.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The construction method of a main tower-free super-large-span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons according to the present invention anchors the main cable and the stay cables into the mountain body through the main cable anchoring device and the stay cable anchor to provide the force required for hanging and fixing the main beam, avoiding the setting of the main tower in the wide and deep canyon, thereby reducing the construction difficulty of the bridge between the wide and deep canyons and reducing the project cost of the bridge construction between the wide and deep canyons at the same time;

[0033] 2. The construction method of a main tower-free super-large-span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons according to the present invention combines the structural characteristics of the suspension bridge and the cable-stayed bridge, which can effectively increase the span of the composite bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the main cable anchoring device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the main cable saddle of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the cable anchoring device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the stay cable anchor of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the end anchor of the present invention.

[0041] Markings in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0042] 1 - main beam, 2 - stay cable, 3 - main cable, 4 - suspension cable, 5 - stay cable anchor, 6 - main cable anchoring device, 7 - inclined shaft, 8 - end anchor, 51 - anchoring structure, 52 - anchor seat structure, 53 - anchor rod, 54 - bolt group, 61 - main cable saddle, 62 - cable spreader saddle, 63 - cable, 64 - anchor solid, 65 - cable anchoring device, 651 - connecting section, 652 - anchoring section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a construction method of a main tower - less super - large - span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons according to the present invention includes the following construction steps:

[0046] Step 1: Construct the inclined shaft 7. After the construction of the tunnel main line at both ends of the canyon is completed, an inclined shaft 7 is opened on both sides of the tunnel openings at both ends;

[0047] Step 2: Install the main cable saddle 61. After the construction of the inclined shaft 7 is completed, fix the main cable saddle 61 at the wellhead of the inclined shaft 7;

[0048] Step 3: Install the loose cable saddle 62. After the main cable saddle 61 is installed and fixed, install the loose cable saddle 62 behind the main cable saddle 61 along the direction of the inclined shaft 7;

[0049] Step 4: Install the cable fixing device 65. After the loose cable saddle 62 is installed, install the cable fixing device 65 behind the loose cable saddle 62 along the direction of the inclined shaft 7;

[0050] Step 5: Pour the anchor body 64. After the cable fixing device 65 is installed, pour the anchor body 64 at the anchoring section 652 of the cable fixing device 65;

[0051] Step 6: Install the stay cable anchor 5. First, embed the anchor rod 53 and the anchor seat structure 52 into the mountain body, and then connect the anchoring structure 51 and the anchor seat structure 52 through the bolt group 54;

[0052] Step 7: Install the main cable 3. First, connect the main cable 3 with the main cable saddle 21 to change the direction of the main cable 3. After the main cable 3 passes through the main cable saddle 61, connect it with the loose cable saddle 62. The loose cable saddle 62 divides the main cable 3 into multiple cable strands 63, and finally connect the cable strands 63 with the blue valley device 65;

[0053] Step 8: Install the stay cable 2. Connect one end of the stay cable 2 with the stay cable anchor 5;

[0054] Step 9: Erection the main beam 1. First, use the stay cable 2 to suspend and fix the range of the first 500 m at both ends of the main beam 1, and use the sling 4 to suspend and fix the middle section of the main beam 1.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] As Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, a main-towerless extra-large-span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons has the following working principle: The stay cables 2 and the main cables 3 are anchored into the mountain body by setting the stay cable anchors 5 and the main cable anchoring devices 6, and then the stay cables 2 and the main cables 3 provide tensile force for the erection of the main beam 1, thus replacing the main tower structures of the original cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the construction difficulty and the project cost; at the same time, the structure of the cable-stayed bridge is adopted to suspend and fix the range of 500 m at both ends of the main beam 1, and the structure of the suspension bridge is adopted to suspend and fix the middle section of the main beam 1. This combined bridge structure of the cable-stayed bridge and the suspension bridge can increase the span, enabling the span of the composite bridge to reach more than 2000 m and realizing the connection between ultra-wide canyons.

[0057] The composite bridge includes a main beam 1, stay cables 2, main cables 3, suspension cables 4, stay cable anchors 5, main cable anchoring devices 6 and inclined shafts 7. The main beam 1 is erected between the canyons; two inclined shafts 6 are arranged on both sides of the tunnel entrance, and two inclined shafts 7 are provided at both ends of the tunnel entrance; the main cable anchoring device 6 is arranged at the front end of the inclined shaft 7 close to the tunnel entrance; a stay cable anchor 5 is arranged every 5 m to 8 m below the main cable anchoring device 6; there are two main cables 3 which are respectively connected to the corresponding main cable anchoring devices 5 at both ends of the canyon; one end of the suspension cable 4 is connected to the main cable 3, and the other end of the suspension cable 4 is vertically connected to the main beam 1 for suspending and fixing the main beam 1; one end of the stay cable 2 is fixedly connected to the main beam 1, and the other end of the stay cable 2 is connected to the stay cable anchor 5.

[0058] The inclined shaft 6 extends obliquely downward from the mountain body beside the tunnel entrance to the plane where the bottom surface of the tunnel is located, and the end of the inclined shaft 6 is perpendicular to the tunnel and communicates with the tunnel.

[0059] The main cable anchoring device 6 includes a main cable saddle 61, a cable spreading saddle 62, cable strands 63, an anchor body 64 and a cable fixing device 65. The main cable saddle 61 is arranged at the front end of the main cable anchoring device 6 for changing the stress direction of the main cable 3. After the stress direction of the main cable 3 is changed, it extends along the axial direction of the inclined shaft 7.

[0060] After passing through the main cable saddle 61, the main cable 3 is connected to the cable spreading saddle 62. One end of the cable spreading saddle 62 is connected to the main cable 3, and the other end of the cable spreading saddle 62 disperses the main cable 3 into multiple cable strands 63; the cable fixing device 65 includes a connecting section 651 and an anchoring section 652. The connecting section 651 is used for connecting the cable strands 63, and the anchoring section 652 is fixed in the anchor body 64.

[0061] The stay cable anchor 5 is arranged obliquely downward in the mountain body.

[0062] One end of the stay cable 2 is connected to the stay cable anchor 5, and the other end is connected to the main beam 1 through a head anchor 7; the stay cable 2 is used for suspending and fixing the bridge deck structure within 500 m at both ends of the main beam 1.

[0063] The specific embodiments described above have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Construction method of a main tower-free super-large-span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons, characterized in that, It includes the following construction steps: Step 1: Construction of inclined shafts (7). After the tunnel main lines at both ends of the canyon are constructed, an inclined shaft (7) is opened on both sides of the tunnel openings at both ends; Step 2: Installation of main cable saddles (61). After the construction of the inclined shafts (7) is completed, the main cable saddles (61) are fixed at the wellheads of the inclined shafts (7); Step 3: Installation of strand saddles (62). After the main cable saddles (61) are installed and fixed, strand saddles (62) are installed behind the main cable saddles (61) along the direction of the inclined shafts (7); Step 4: Installation of cable fixing devices (65). After the strand saddles (62) are installed, cable fixing devices (65) are installed behind the strand saddles (62) along the direction of the inclined shafts (7); Step 5: Pouring of anchor solids (64). After the cable fixing devices (65) are installed, the anchor solids (64) are poured at the anchoring sections (652) of the cable fixing devices (65); Step 6: Installation of stay cable anchors (5). First, the anchor rods (53) and anchor seat structures (52) are embedded in the mountain body, and then the anchoring structures (51) and anchor seat structures (52) are connected by bolt groups (54); Step 7: Installation of main cables (3). First, the main cables (3) are connected to the main cable saddles to change the direction of the main cables (3). After the main cables (3) pass through the main cable saddles (61), they are then connected to the strand saddles (62). The strand saddles (62) divide the main cables (3) into multiple cable strands (63), and finally the cable strands (63) are connected to the cable fixing devices (65); Step 8: Installation of stay cables (2). One end of the stay cables (2) is connected to the stay cable anchors (5); Step 9: Erection of main girders (1). First, the stay cables (2) are used to suspend and fix the areas within 500 m at both ends of the main girders (1), and the middle section of the main girders (1) is suspended and fixed by suspender cables (4); The long-span composite bridge includes a main girder (1), stay cables (2), main cables (3), suspender cables (4), stay cable anchors (5), main cable anchoring devices (6), and inclined shafts (7). The main girder (1) is erected across the canyon; Two of the inclined shafts are opened on both sides of the tunnel openings, and two inclined shafts (7) are opened at both tunnel openings; The main cable anchoring devices (6) are arranged at the front ends of the inclined shafts (7) close to the tunnel openings; A stay cable anchor (5) is arranged every 5 m to 8 m below the main cable anchoring devices (6); There are two main cables (3), which are respectively connected to the corresponding main cable anchoring devices (6) at both ends of the canyon; One end of the suspender cables (4) is connected to the main cables (3), and the other end of the suspender cables (4) is vertically connected to the main girders (1) to suspend and fix the main girders (1); One end of the stay cables (2) is fixedly connected to the main girders (1), and the other end of the stay cables (2) is connected to the stay cable anchors (5); The main cable anchoring devices (6) include main cable saddles (61), strand saddles (62), cable strands (63), anchor solids (64), and cable fixing devices (65). The main cable saddles (61) are arranged at the front ends of the main cable anchoring devices (6) to change the force direction of the main cables (3). After the force direction of the main cables (3) is changed, they extend along the axial direction of the inclined shafts (7); The main cable (3) is connected to the cable saddle (62) after passing through the main cable saddle (61). One end of the cable saddle (62) is connected to the main cable (3), and the other end of the cable saddle (62) disperses the main cable (3) into multiple cable strands (63); The cable fixing device (65) includes a connecting section (651) and an anchoring section (652). The connecting section (651) is used to connect the cable strand (63), and the anchoring section (652) is fixed within the anchor body (64); The stay cable anchor (5) is arranged obliquely downward in the mountain body; One end of the stay cable (2) is connected to the stay cable anchor (5), and the other end is connected to the main beam (1) through an end anchor (8); The stay cable (2) is used to suspend and fix the bridge deck structure within a range of 500 m at both ends of the main beam (1); The stay cable anchor (5) includes an anchoring structure (51), an anchor seat structure (52), and an anchor rod (53). The anchor seat structure (52) is connected to the anchor rod (53), and the anchoring structure (51) and the anchor seat structure (52) are connected by a bolt group (54).

2. The construction method of a main tower-free super-long-span composite bridge applicable to wide and deep canyons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined shaft (7) extends obliquely downward from the mountain body beside the tunnel entrance to the plane where the bottom surface of the tunnel is located, and the end of the inclined shaft (7) is perpendicular to the tunnel and communicates with the tunnel.

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