A method and device for determining beamforming weights

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for determining beamforming weights. Through the phase compensation coefficient determination method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, after compensating the beamforming weights, the problem of system performance deterioration caused by using the phase compensation coefficient of the prior art to compensate the beamforming weights can be optimized to a certain extent, thereby achieving the effect of improving system performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method and device for determining beamforming weights. Background Art

[0002] Beamforming is one of the key technologies of 4G and 5G systems. Common beamforming algorithms include zero forcing (ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE), and maximal ratio combine (MRC). The ZF algorithm sends user signals in the direction of the intended user and sends zero signals in the direction of other users. The MMSE algorithm maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio of the intended user. The MRC algorithm matches the filter of each signal to the channel.

[0003] The ZF algorithm is generally used in actual systems. The input of the ZF algorithm is the channel response, and the output is the beamforming weight. The ZF algorithm involves matrix inversion, and the computational complexity is very high. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the ZF algorithm, the usual practice is to calculate the beamforming weights of some carriers, and then obtain the beamforming weights of the remaining carriers by flattening or interpolation. This approach reduces the granularity of the beamforming weight calculation, which will cause inaccurate beamforming and thus cause the beamforming performance to deteriorate. To avoid this problem, the channel response can be phase compensated first, and then the channel response after phase compensation can be used as the input of the ZF algorithm.

[0004] In the related art, after the beamforming weights are compensated by the phase compensation coefficient, burrs exist in the equivalent channel, and the system performance deteriorates significantly in some scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for determining beamforming weights, so as to at least solve the problem of significant system performance degradation in the related art.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining a beamforming weight is provided, comprising:

[0007] Get carrier channel response

[0008] Get the initial beamforming weights

[0009] The phase compensation coefficient v is determined by the following formula j :

[0010]

[0011] The phase compensation coefficient is used to compensate the initial beamforming weight to obtain the compensated beamforming weight.

[0012] Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. It represents floor, log represents the logarithmic function with natural constant as base, T represents transpose, and i represents imaginary unit.

[0013] Optionally, when D is an integer greater than or equal to 2, after obtaining the compensated beamforming weights, the method further includes: interpolating the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers.

[0014] Optionally, interpolating the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights for all carriers includes: for a non-sampled carrier m, determining a beamforming weight w for the carrier m: j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight w j [s+xD]; where s+xD is the total number of sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

[0015] Optionally, interpolating the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights for all carriers includes: for an index value greater than The non-sampled carrier m is determined by the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight For index values ​​less than or equal to The non-sampled carrier m is determined by the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to Among them, s+xD is all sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

[0016] Optionally, the relationship between the initial beamforming weight and the compensated beamforming weight is: j [n] = exp(inv j ) j [n]; where u j [n] is the initial beamforming weight, w j [n] is the compensated beamforming weight, exp represents the exponential function with natural constant as the base, i represents the imaginary unit, and n represents Any carrier index in .

[0017] According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a beamforming weight determination device, comprising:

[0018] Acquisition module, used to obtain carrier channel response

[0019] The acquisition module is also used to obtain the initial weight of the beamforming

[0020] The determination module is used to determine the phase compensation coefficient vj by the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] A compensation module is used to compensate the initial beamforming weight using the phase compensation coefficient to obtain the compensated beamforming weight

[0023] Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Denotes floor, T denotes transpose, log denotes logarithmic function with natural constant as base, and i denotes imaginary unit.

[0024] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program is stored in the storage medium, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0025] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments through the computer program.

[0026] By using the phase compensation coefficient determination method provided in the embodiment of the present invention and compensating the beamforming weights, the performance degradation problem caused by using the phase compensation coefficients in the prior art to compensate the beamforming weights can be optimized to a certain extent, thereby achieving the effect of improving system performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining beamforming weights according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is an equivalent channel effect diagram obtained according to the prior art;

[0030] Figure 3 is an equivalent channel effect diagram obtained according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 The structure frame of a beamforming weight determination device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention is Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 5 Another structure frame of a device for determining beamforming weights according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for determining beamforming weights. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining beamforming weights according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0037] Step S102, obtaining carrier channel response

[0038] Step S104: Obtaining initial beamforming weights

[0039] Step S106, determine the phase compensation coefficient v by the following formula: j :

[0040]

[0041] Step S108: using the phase compensation coefficient to compensate the initial beamforming weight to obtain a compensated beamforming weight.

[0042] Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. It represents floor, log represents the logarithmic function with natural constant as base, T represents transpose, and i represents imaginary unit.

[0043] The equivalent channel is related to the real channel and the beamforming weights, that is, the equivalent channel is a function of the real channel and the beamforming weights. By optimizing the beamforming weights, the equivalent channel can be made smoother, thereby improving the system performance.

[0044] Figure 2 It is an equivalent channel effect diagram obtained according to the prior art. Figure 2 It can be seen that there are many glitches in the equivalent channel.

[0045] If there are burrs in the equivalent channel, it is equivalent to the presence of more high-frequency components. The receiver will filter out the high-frequency components when estimating the channel, so there will be a large difference between the estimated channel and the actual channel, and the system performance will deteriorate.

[0046] Figure 3 is an equivalent channel effect diagram obtained according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 It can be seen that the equivalent channel is relatively smooth.

[0047] If the equivalent channel is relatively smooth, it is equivalent to having fewer high-frequency components. The filtering of the channel estimation at the receiving end has little effect on the equivalent channel, so the estimated channel is closer to the real channel and the system performance is basically not affected.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the beamforming weights provided by the method of embodiment 1 of the present invention can make the equivalent channel smoother, so that the filtering of the channel estimation at the receiving end has little effect on the equivalent channel, and the system performance is basically not affected.

[0049] Optionally, the relationship between the initial beamforming weight and the compensated beamforming weight is: j [n] = exp(inv j ) j [n]; where u j [n] is the initial beamforming weight, w j [n] is the compensated beamforming weight, exp represents the exponential function with natural constant as the base, i represents the imaginary unit, and n represents Any carrier index in .

[0050] Optionally, when D is an integer greater than or equal to 2, after obtaining the compensated beamforming weights, the method further includes: interpolating the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers.

[0051] When D is an integer greater than or equal to 2, it indicates that part of the beamforming weights have not been compensated and calculated, and therefore it is necessary to calculate the part of the beamforming weights that have not been calculated by interpolation.

[0052] In the first embodiment of the present invention, D may also be equal to 1, that is, no sampling calculation is performed on the carrier and the initial beamforming weights. At this time, all the beamforming weights have been directly compensated and calculated through steps S102-S108.

[0053] Optionally, the compensated beamforming weights are interpolated to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers, including: for a non-sampled carrier m, determining a beamforming weight w of the carrier m j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight w j [s+xD]; where s+xD is the total number of sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

[0054] Optionally, the compensated beamforming weights are interpolated to obtain beamforming weights for all carriers, including: for an index value greater than The non-sampled carrier m is used to determine the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight For index values ​​less than or equal to The non-sampled carrier m is used to determine the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to Among them, s+xD is all sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

[0055] Optionally, when the system includes K users and M receiving antennas, the transmitter receives pilot sequences sent by K users and can use existing technologies to estimate the channel responses of K users, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0056] Assume that the channel responses of K users on carrier m are: h0[m], h1[m], ..., h K－1 [m], where h j The dimension of [m] is M*1, and j is the index of the user. Assume that the beamforming weights of K users on carrier m are: u0[m], u1[m], ..., uK－1 [m], where u j The dimension of [m] is M*1. Then the beamforming weights of K users on carrier m can be calculated by the following formula:

[0057] U[m]=aH[m] H (H[m] H[m] H ) －1 (1)

[0058] Among them, U[m]=(u0[m],u1[m],...,u K－1 [m]), H[m]=(h0[m], h1[m],...,h K－1 [m]) T , a represents the scaling factor due to power limitation. T represents transpose and H represents conjugate device.

[0059] It should be noted that the method of embodiment 1 of the present invention can be used in a base station or in a user side.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] In Embodiment 2 of the present invention, a beamforming weight determination device is also provided, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and will not be repeated hereafter. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0062] Figure 4 The structure frame of a beamforming weight determination device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention is Figure 1 ,like Figure 4 As shown, the device comprises:

[0063] Acquisition module 42, used to obtain carrier channel response

[0064] The acquisition module 42 is also used to obtain the initial weight of the beamforming

[0065] The determination module 44 is used to determine the phase compensation coefficient vj by the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] A compensation module 46, configured to compensate the initial beamforming weight using the phase compensation coefficient to obtain a compensated beamforming weight;

[0068] Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Denotes floor, T denotes transpose, log denotes logarithmic function with natural constant as base, and i denotes imaginary unit.

[0069] Figure 5 is a structural frame of another beamforming weight determination device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 ,like Figure 5 As shown, the device includes Figure 4 In addition to all the modules shown, an interpolation module 52 is also included, which is used to interpolate the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers after obtaining the compensated beamforming weights when D is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0070] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways, but not limited to: the above modules are all located in the same processor; or the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of any of the above method embodiments when running.

[0072] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0073] S1, get carrier channel response

[0074] S2, obtain the initial beamforming weights

[0075] S3, determine the phase compensation coefficient v by the following formula j :

[0076]

[0077] S4, using the phase compensation coefficient to compensate the initial beamforming weight to obtain a compensated beamforming weight

[0078] Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. It represents floor, log represents the logarithmic function with natural constant as base, T represents transpose, and i represents imaginary unit.

[0079] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned storage medium may include but is not limited to: a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store computer programs.

[0080] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments through the computer program.

[0081] Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor may be configured to perform the following steps through a computer program:

[0082] S1, get carrier channel response

[0083] S2, obtain the initial beamforming weights

[0084] S3, determine the phase compensation coefficient v by the following formula j :

[0085]

[0086] S4, using the phase compensation coefficient to compensate the initial beamforming weight to obtain a compensated beamforming weight

[0087] Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. It represents floor, log represents the logarithmic function with natural constant as base, T represents transpose, and i represents imaginary unit.

[0088] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and optional implementation modes, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0089] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, and optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0090] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining beamforming weights, characterized in that: include: Get carrier channel response Get the initial beamforming weights The phase compensation coefficient v is determined by the following formula j : The phase compensation coefficient is used to compensate the initial beamforming weight to obtain the compensated beamforming weight. Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. It represents floor, log represents the logarithmic function with natural constant as base, T represents transpose, and i represents imaginary unit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When D is an integer greater than or equal to 2, after obtaining the compensated beamforming weight, the method further includes: The compensated beamforming weights are interpolated to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The interpolating the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers includes: For a non-sampled carrier m, determine the beamforming weight w of the carrier m j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight w j [s+xD]; Among them, s+xD is all sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The interpolating the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers includes: For index values ​​greater than The non-sampled carrier m is determined by the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight For index values ​​less than or equal to The non-sampled carrier m is determined by the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to Among them, s+xD is all sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The relationship between the initial beamforming weight and the compensated beamforming weight is: u j [n]=exp(inv j )w j [n]; Among them, u j [n] is the initial beamforming weight, w j [n] is the compensated beamforming weight, exp represents the exponential function with natural constant as the base, i represents the imaginary unit, and n represents Any carrier index in .

6. A beamforming weight determination device, characterized in that: include: Acquisition module, used to obtain carrier channel response The acquisition module is also used to obtain the initial weight of the beamforming The determination module is used to determine the phase compensation coefficient vj by the following formula: A compensation module is used to compensate the initial beamforming weight using the phase compensation coefficient to obtain the compensated beamforming weight Wherein, j is the index of the user, the carrier index occupied by user j is s, s+1, ..., s+Q, D is the sampling granularity, and D is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Denotes floor, T denotes transpose, log denotes logarithmic function with natural constant as base, and i denotes imaginary unit.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The device also includes: The interpolation module is used to interpolate the compensated beamforming weights to obtain beamforming weights of all carriers after obtaining the compensated beamforming weights when D is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The interpolation module comprises: The first determination submodule is used to determine the beamforming weight w of the non-sampled carrier m. j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight w j [s+xD]; Among them, s+xD is all sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The interpolation module comprises: The second determination submodule is used for determining that the index value is greater than The non-sampled carrier m is determined by the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to the compensated beamforming weight For index values ​​less than or equal to The non-sampled carrier m is determined by the beamforming weight w of the carrier m. j [m] is equal to Among them, s+xD is all sampling carriers The maximum value of the index value less than or equal to m.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that: A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed.

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