Display device, data compensation method, and operation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a display device, a data compensation method, and an operating method thereof. In the display device data compensation method, a first color compensation value set, a second color compensation value set, and a third color compensation value set can be obtained; a white load luminance, a first color load luminance, a second color load luminance, and a third color load luminance can be obtained; a first color scale factor, a second color scale factor, and a third color scale factor can be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively; and the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, as well as the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, can be stored in the display device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a display device, a method of generating compensation data for the display device by considering a load effect, and a method of operating the display device. Background Art

[0002] Even if a plurality of pixels included in a display device are manufactured by the same process, the plurality of pixels may have different brightness due to process variations, etc., and thus a mura defect may occur in the display device. In order to reduce or eliminate the mura defect and to improve the brightness uniformity of the display device, a red image, a green image, and a blue image displayed by the display device may be captured respectively, and red compensation data, green compensation data, and / or blue compensation data may be generated based on the captured images. The display device may compensate the image data based on the red compensation data, the green compensation data, and / or the blue compensation data, and may display an image based on the compensated image data, thereby displaying each of the corresponding monochrome images (e.g., a red monochrome image, a green monochrome image, or a blue monochrome image) with uniform brightness (or substantially uniform brightness) and without a mura defect (or with substantially reduced mura defects).

[0003] However, without considering the load effect, red compensation data, green compensation data and blue compensation data can be generated based on the captured red image, green image and blue image, respectively, and therefore, in a mixed-color image having two or more of red, green and blue, especially in a high-grayscale mixed-color image, the load effect may cause color deviations between red, green and blue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aspects of some example embodiments relate to a method of generating compensation data for a display device capable of reducing or preventing color deviation in a mixed color image.

[0005] Aspects of some example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method of operating a display device capable of reducing or preventing color deviation in a mixed-color image.

[0006] Aspects of some example embodiments provide a display apparatus capable of reducing or preventing color deviation in a mixed color image.

[0007] According to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, a data compensation method for a display device is provided. In this method, a first color compensation value set, a second color compensation value set, and a third color compensation value set are obtained by capturing a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image displayed by the display device, respectively. White load luminance, a first color load luminance, a second color load luminance, and a third color load luminance are obtained by capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern displayed by the display device, respectively. A first color scale factor, a second color scale factor, and a third color scale factor are calculated by dividing a brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by a brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, a brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and a brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively. The first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, as well as the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, are stored in the display device. The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor are selectively used to compensate input image data of the display device depending on whether the input image data of the display device represents a monochrome image or a mixed color image.

[0008] In some example embodiments, in order to obtain white load luminance, first color load luminance, second color load luminance, and third color load luminance, the white load luminance may be obtained by capturing a white image as a white load pattern; the first color load luminance at a reference position may be obtained by capturing an image having a first color background and a white portion at the reference position as a first color load pattern; the second color load luminance at the reference position may be obtained by capturing an image having a second color background and a white portion at the reference position as a second color load pattern, and the third color load luminance at the reference position may be obtained by capturing an image having a third color background and a white portion at the reference position as a third color load pattern.

[0009] In example embodiments, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained at a plurality of reference positions including a reference position.

[0010] In some example embodiments, the first color load brightness at multiple reference positions may be obtained by sequentially capturing multiple images having a first color background and multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, respectively, the second color load brightness at the multiple reference positions may be obtained by sequentially capturing multiple images having a second color background and multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, respectively, and the third color load brightness at the multiple reference positions may be obtained by sequentially capturing multiple images having a third color background and multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, respectively.

[0011] In some example embodiments, the first color-load luminance at multiple reference positions may be obtained by capturing a single image having a first color background and multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, the second color-load luminance at the multiple reference positions may be obtained by capturing a single image having a second color background and multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, and the third color-load luminance at the multiple reference positions may be obtained by capturing a single image having a third color background and multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions.

[0012] In some example embodiments, the black load luminance may be obtained by capturing a black load pattern. For the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, a luminance reduction rate of the white load luminance may be calculated by dividing the difference between the white load luminance and the black load luminance by the black load luminance, a luminance reduction rate of the first color load luminance may be calculated by dividing the difference between the first color load luminance and the black load luminance by the black load luminance, a luminance reduction rate of the second color load luminance may be calculated by dividing the difference between the second color load luminance and the black load luminance by the black load luminance, a luminance reduction rate of the third color load luminance may be calculated by dividing the difference between the third color load luminance and the black load luminance by the black load luminance, the first color scale factor may be calculated by dividing the luminance reduction rate of the white load luminance by the luminance reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the second color scale factor may be calculated by dividing the luminance reduction rate of the white load luminance by the luminance reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the third color scale factor may be calculated by dividing the luminance reduction rate of the white load luminance by the luminance reduction rate of the third color load luminance.

[0013] In some example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be obtained at a plurality of reference positions.

[0014] In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained at a maximum gray level, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be obtained at the maximum gray level.

[0015] In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained across the entire grayscale used in the display device, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be obtained across the entire grayscale.

[0016] In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained at a plurality of reference gray levels that are part of an entire gray level used in a display device, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be obtained at the plurality of reference gray levels.

[0017] In some example embodiments, when the input image data represents a monochrome image, the input image data may be compensated using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color scale factors are not applied. When the input image data represents a mixed-color image, the input image data may be compensated using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color scale factors are applied, respectively.

[0018] In some example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be applied to the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set by using the equation “FINAL_COMP_VAL=1-((1-COMP_VAL)*SCALE_FACTOR)”, where COMP_VAL represents a compensation value in a corresponding one of the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, SCALE_FACTOR represents a corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, and FINAL_COMP_VAL represents a compensation value to which the corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor is applied.

[0019] According to some example embodiments, a method for operating a display device is provided, in which first, second, and third color compensation value sets and first, second, and third color compensation factors are stored; input image data is received; whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image is determined; when the input image data represents a monochrome image, output image data is generated by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets without applying the first, second, and third color compensation factors; when the input image data represents a mixed-color image, output image data is generated by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color scale factors are applied, respectively; and an image is displayed based on the output image data.

[0020] In some example embodiments, in order to determine whether input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image, when the input image data includes monochrome pixel data relative to pixels whose number is greater than or equal to a reference number, it can be determined that the input image data represents a monochrome image, and when the input image data includes monochrome pixel data relative to pixels whose number is less than the reference number, it can be determined that the input image data represents a mixed-color image.

[0021] In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained by respectively capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern displayed by a display device, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be respectively calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively.

[0022] In some example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be applied to the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set by using the equation “FINAL_COMP_VAL=1-((1-COMP_VAL)*SCALE_FACTOR)”, where COMP_VAL represents a compensation value in a corresponding one of the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, SCALE_FACTOR represents a corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, and FINAL_COMP_VAL represents a compensation value to which the corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor is applied.

[0023] According to some example embodiments, there is provided a display device including: a display panel including a plurality of pixels; a data driver configured to provide data signals corresponding to output image data to the plurality of pixels; a scan driver configured to provide scan signals to the plurality of pixels; a compensation data storage configured to store first, second, and third color compensation value sets and first, second, and third color scale factors; and a controller configured to control the data driver and the scan driver. The controller includes: a monochrome image determiner configured to determine whether input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image; and a data compensator configured to: generate output image data by compensating the input image data using a first color compensation value set, a second color compensation value set, and a third color compensation value set without applying the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor when the input image data represents a mixed-color image, and to generate output image data by compensating the input image data using the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set to which the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, respectively, are applied when the input image data represents a mixed-color image.

[0024] In some example embodiments, the monochrome image determiner may determine that, when the input image data includes monochrome pixel data of pixels whose number is greater than or equal to a reference number relative to a plurality of pixels, the input image data represents a monochrome image, and may determine that, when the input image data includes monochrome pixel data of pixels whose number is less than a reference number relative to a plurality of pixels, the input image data represents a mixed-color image.

[0025] In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained by respectively capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern displayed by a display device, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be respectively calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively.

[0026] In some example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be applied to the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set by using the equation “FINAL_COMP_VAL=1-((1-COMP_VAL)*SCALE_FACTOR)”, where COMP_VAL represents a compensation value in a corresponding one of the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, SCALE_FACTOR represents a corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, and FINAL_COMP_VAL represents a compensation value to which the corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor is applied.

[0027] As described above, in the method for generating compensation data for a display device, the method for operating a display device, and the display device according to example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color (e.g., red) load luminance, the second color (e.g., green) load luminance, and the third color (e.g., blue) load luminance can be obtained by capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern, respectively, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor can be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively. The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor can be selectively used to compensate for the input image data of the display device depending on whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed color image. Therefore, color deviation can be avoided in both monochrome images and mixed color images. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Illustrative, non-limiting example embodiments will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating compensation data for a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 2 is an illustration of the execution of some example embodiments according to the present disclosure Figure 1 A block diagram of an example of a test apparatus for the method.

[0031] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating examples of a black loading pattern, a white loading pattern, a first color loading pattern, a second color loading pattern, and a third color loading pattern according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating another example of a black loading pattern, a white loading pattern, a first color loading pattern, a second color loading pattern, and a third color loading pattern according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 5 is a diagram for describing an example of calculating a first color scale factor, a second color scale factor, and a third color scale factor based on black load luminance, white load luminance, first color load luminance, second color load luminance, and third color load luminance according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is not applied and compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is applied according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 8 is a graph illustrating compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is not applied and compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is applied according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 9 is a block diagram illustrating a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 10 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device including a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] It will be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or portion from another element, component, region, layer, or portion. Therefore, a first element, component, region, layer, or portion discussed herein may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer, or portion without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0041] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "below", "below", "lower", "down", "above", "upper", etc. may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that, in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures, such spatial relative terms are also intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the elements described as being "below" or "below" or "down" other elements or features will be oriented to be "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the example terms "below" and "down" can include both above and below orientations. The device can be oriented otherwise (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly. In addition, it will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intermediate layers can also be present.

[0042] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the terms "substantially," "approximately," and similar terms are used as terms of approximation rather than as terms of degree, and are intended to take into account the inherent deviations of measured or calculated values ​​that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0043] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form "one" is also intended to include the plural form. It will be further understood that, when used in this specification, the terms "include" and / or "comprise" specify the existence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or their groups. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more associated listed items. When following an element list, expressions such as "at least one of" modify the entire element list without modifying the individual elements of the list. Further, when describing an embodiment of the present disclosure, the use of "can" refers to "one or more embodiments of the present disclosure." In addition, the term "exemplary" is intended to indicate an example or diagram. As used herein, the terms "use," "being used," and "being used" can be considered to be synonymous with the terms "utilize," "being utilized," and "being utilized," respectively.

[0044] It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “connected to,” “coupled to,” or “adjacent to” another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected to, coupled to, or adjacent to the other element or layer, or one or more intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element or layer is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” “directly coupled to,” or “immediately adjacent to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present.

[0045] Any numerical ranges described herein are intended to include all subranges of the same numerical precision contained within the described range. For example, a range of "1.0 to 10.0" is intended to include all subranges between (and including) the described minimum value of 1.0 and the described maximum value of 10.0, that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limit described herein is intended to include all lower numerical limits contained therein, and any minimum numerical limit described in this specification is intended to include all higher numerical limits contained therein.

[0046] In some embodiments, one or more outputs of different embodiments of the methods and systems of the present disclosure may be transmitted to an electronic device that is coupled to or has a display device for displaying the one or more outputs of different embodiments of the methods and systems of the present disclosure or information about the one or more outputs.

[0047] Any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit), software, or a combination of software, firmware, and hardware may be used to implement the electronic or electrical devices and / or any other related devices or components according to the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein. For example, the various components of these devices may be formed on an integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. Further, the various components of these devices may be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape carrier package (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB), or formed on a substrate. Further, the various components of these devices may be processes or threads running on one or more processors in one or more computing devices that execute computer program instructions and interact with other system components for performing the various functions described herein. The computer program instructions are stored in a memory that can be implemented in a computing device using a standard memory device (such as, for example, a random access memory (RAM)). The computer program instructions may also be stored in other non-transitory computer-readable media (such as a CD-ROM, a flash drive). In addition, those skilled in the art will recognize that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the functions of the various computing devices may be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functions of a particular computing device may be distributed across one or more other computing devices.

[0048] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating compensation data for a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is an illustration of the execution of some example embodiments according to the present disclosure Figure 1 A block diagram of an example of a test apparatus for the method. Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating examples of a black loading pattern, a white loading pattern, a first color loading pattern, a second color loading pattern, and a third color loading pattern according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating another example of a black loading pattern, a white loading pattern, a first color loading pattern, a second color loading pattern, and a third color loading pattern according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, and Figure 5 is a diagram for describing an example of calculating a first color scale factor, a second color scale factor, and a third color scale factor based on black load luminance, white load luminance, first color load luminance, second color load luminance, and third color load luminance according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The method of generating compensation data for the display device 200 according to some example embodiments may be performed by the test apparatus 250. The test apparatus 250 may obtain a first color compensation value set, a second color compensation value set, and a third color compensation value set by capturing a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image displayed by the display device 200, respectively, through a camera (e.g., a charge coupled device (CCD) camera) 270 (S110). For example, a red compensation value set may be obtained by capturing a red image displayed by the display device 200, a green compensation value set may be obtained by capturing a green image displayed by the display device 200, and a blue compensation value set may be obtained by capturing a blue image displayed by the display device 200. In some example embodiments, each of the red compensation value set, the green compensation value set, and the blue compensation value set may include multiple compensation values ​​respectively obtained at multiple reference positions and multiple combinations of multiple reference gray levels (e.g., 0 gray level, 1 gray level, 3 gray levels, 7 gray levels, 12 gray levels, 24 gray levels, 37 gray levels, 54 gray levels, 92 gray levels, 160 gray levels, 215 gray levels, and 255 gray levels).

[0050] The test device 250 may obtain white load luminance, first color load luminance, second color load luminance, and third color load luminance by respectively capturing the white load pattern, the first color load pattern, the second color load pattern, and the third color load pattern displayed by the display device 200 (S130). For example, the white load luminance may be obtained by capturing the white load pattern displayed by the display device 200, the red load luminance may be obtained by capturing the red load pattern displayed by the display device 200, the green load luminance may be obtained by capturing the green load pattern displayed by the display device 200, and the blue load luminance may be obtained by capturing the blue load pattern displayed by the display device 200. In some example embodiments, the white load luminance may be obtained by capturing a white image as a white load pattern, the first color load luminance at a reference position may be obtained by capturing an image having a first color background and a white portion at the reference position as a first color load pattern, the second color load luminance at the reference position may be obtained by capturing an image having a second color background and a white portion at the reference position as a second color load pattern, and the third color load luminance at the reference position may be obtained by capturing an image having a third color background and a white portion at the reference position as a third color load pattern.

[0051] In some example embodiments, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained at a plurality of reference positions. Further, in some example embodiments, the first color load luminance at the plurality of reference positions may be obtained by sequentially capturing a plurality of images having a first color background and further having a plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions, the second color load luminance at the plurality of reference positions may be obtained by sequentially capturing a plurality of images having a second color background and further having a plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions, and the third color load luminance at the plurality of reference positions may be obtained by sequentially capturing a plurality of images having a third color background and further having a plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions. For example, in some embodiments, the first color load brightness at multiple reference positions can be obtained by sequentially capturing multiple images with a first color background, wherein the multiple captured images with the first color background have multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, respectively, the second color load brightness at multiple reference positions can be obtained by sequentially capturing multiple images with a second color background, wherein the multiple captured images with the second color background have multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, respectively, and the third color load brightness at multiple reference positions can be obtained by sequentially capturing multiple images with a third color background, wherein the multiple captured images with the third color background have multiple white portions at the multiple reference positions, respectively.

[0052] For example, Figure 3As illustrated in FIG, the white load pattern 310 may be a white image 315, and the white load luminance at the first reference position RP1, the second reference position RP2, the third reference position RP3, the fourth reference position RP4, the fifth reference position RP5, the sixth reference position RP6, the seventh reference position RP7, the eighth reference position RP8, and the ninth reference position RP9 may be obtained by capturing the white image 315. The red load pattern 320 may include first to ninth red background images 321 to 329 having white portions at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9, respectively, and the red load luminance at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9 may be obtained by sequentially capturing the first to ninth red background images 321 to 329. The green load pattern 330 may include first to ninth green background images 331 to 339 having white portions at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9, respectively, and the green load luminance at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9 may be obtained by sequentially capturing the first to ninth green background images 331 to 339. The blue load pattern 340 may include first to ninth blue background images 341 to 349 having white portions at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9, respectively, and the blue load luminance at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9 may be obtained by sequentially capturing the first to ninth blue background images 341 to 349. In some example embodiments, the black load luminance may be further obtained by capturing the black load pattern 350. For example, the black load pattern 350 may include first to ninth black background images 351 to 359 having white portions at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9, respectively, and the black load luminance at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9 may be obtained by sequentially capturing the first to ninth black background images 351 to 359. Each black background image (i.e., each of the black background images) 351 to 359 can be an image with a low load or no load, and therefore, when calculating the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the red load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the green load brightness, and the brightness reduction rate of the blue load brightness, the black load brightness can be used as a reference brightness.

[0053] In other example embodiments, the first color load luminance at multiple reference positions may be obtained by capturing a single image having a first color background and further having multiple white portions at multiple reference positions, the second color load luminance at multiple reference positions may be obtained by capturing a single image having a second color background and further having multiple white portions at multiple reference positions, and the third color load luminance at multiple reference positions may be obtained by capturing a single image having a third color background and further having multiple white portions at multiple reference positions.

[0054] For example, Figure 4 As illustrated in FIG, the white load pattern 410 may be a white image 415, and the white load luminance at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 may be obtained by capturing the white image 415. The red load pattern 420 may include a single red background image 425 having a plurality of white portions at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, and the red load luminance at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 may be obtained by capturing the single red background image 425. The green load pattern 430 may include a single green background image 435 having a plurality of white portions at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, and the green load luminance at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 may be obtained by capturing the single green background image 435. The blue load pattern 440 may include a single blue background image 445 having a plurality of white portions at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, and the blue load luminance at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 may be obtained by capturing the single blue background image 445. In some example embodiments, the black load luminance may be further obtained by capturing the black load pattern 450. For example, the black load pattern 450 may include a single black background image 455 having a plurality of white portions at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9 , and the black load luminance at the first to ninth reference positions RP1 to RP9 may be obtained by capturing the single black background image 455 .

[0055] The test device 250 may calculate the first color scaling factor, the second color scaling factor, and the third color scaling factor by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness, respectively (S150). In some example embodiments, the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness may be calculated by dividing the difference between the white load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness may be calculated by dividing the difference between the first color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness may be calculated by dividing the difference between the second color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness may be calculated by dividing the difference between the third color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness, the first color scaling factor may be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness, the second color scaling factor may be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness, and the third color scaling factor may be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness. Further, in some example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor are obtained at the plurality of reference positions based on the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance at the plurality of reference positions.

[0056] For example, Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown in FIG, black load brightness, white load brightness, red load brightness, green load brightness, and blue load brightness can be obtained at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9. Figure 5 The first table 510 shows examples of black load brightness, white load brightness, red load brightness, green load brightness, and blue load brightness at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9. Figure 5Examples of brightness reduction rates of white load luminance, red load luminance, green load luminance, and blue load luminance relative to black load luminance at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 are illustrated in the second table 530. The brightness reduction rate of white load luminance, red load luminance, green load luminance, or blue load luminance at each reference position (e.g., each of the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9) can be calculated by dividing the difference between the white load luminance, the red load luminance, the green load luminance, or the blue load luminance and the black load luminance by the black load luminance. For example, the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness at the first reference position RP1 can be calculated as approximately 3.3% by dividing the difference 10 between the white load brightness 290 at the first reference position RP1 and the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1 by the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1, and the brightness reduction rate of the red load brightness at the first reference position RP1 can be calculated as approximately 0.7% by dividing the difference 2 between the red load brightness 298 at the first reference position RP1 and the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1 by the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1. , the brightness reduction rate of the green load brightness at the first reference position RP1 can be calculated as approximately 0.3% by dividing the difference 1 between the green load brightness 299 at the first reference position RP1 and the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1 by the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1, and the brightness reduction rate of the blue load brightness at the first reference position RP1 can be calculated as approximately 2.3% by dividing the difference 7 between the blue load brightness 293 at the first reference position RP1 and the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1 by the black load brightness 300 at the first reference position RP1. Further, Figure 5The third table 550 illustrates examples of red scale factors, green scale factors, and blue scale factors at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, and further illustrates examples of white scale factors at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 for reference. The red scale factor, green scale factor, or blue scale factor at each reference position (e.g., each of the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9) can be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the red load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the green load brightness, or the brightness reduction rate of the blue load brightness. For example, the red scale factor at the first reference position RP1 may be calculated as approximately 5 by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness at the first reference position RP1, approximately 3.3%, by the brightness reduction rate of the red load brightness at the first reference position RP1, approximately 0.7%, the green scale factor at the first reference position RP1 may be calculated as approximately 10 by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness at the first reference position RP1, approximately 3.3%, by the brightness reduction rate of the green load brightness at the first reference position RP1, approximately 0.3%, and the blue scale factor at the first reference position RP1 may be calculated as approximately 1.4 by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness at the first reference position RP1, approximately 3.3%, by the brightness reduction rate of the blue load brightness at the first reference position RP1, approximately 2.3%. Although Figure 5 An example is illustrated in which each of the red scale factor, the green scale factor, and the blue scale factor has substantially the same value at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, but in some example embodiments, each of the red scale factor, the green scale factor, and the blue scale factor may have a different value at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9.

[0057] According to some example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be obtained at a specific gray level (eg, a maximum gray level), at the entire gray level, or at a plurality of reference gray levels.

[0058] In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained at a maximum grayscale level (e.g., a grayscale level of 255), and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be obtained at the maximum grayscale level based on the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance at the maximum grayscale level. Figure 3In the exemplary embodiment of , the white load brightness, the red load brightness, the green load brightness, and the blue load brightness at the 255 gray level can be obtained by using a white image 315 of red 255 gray level, green 255 gray level, and blue 255 gray level, red background images 321 to 329 of red 255 gray level, green 0 gray level, and blue 0 gray level, green background images 331 to 339 of red 0 gray level, green 255 gray level, and blue 0 gray level, blue background images 341 to 349 of red 0 gray level, green 0 gray level, and blue 255 gray level, and black background images 351 to 359 of red 0 gray level, green 0 gray level, and blue 0 gray level. The red background images 321 to 329 with red 255 grayscale, green 255 grayscale and blue 255 grayscale have white parts, the green background images 331 to 339 with red 0 grayscale, green 255 grayscale and blue 0 grayscale have white parts of red 255 grayscale, green 255 grayscale and blue 255 grayscale, the blue background images 341 to 349 with red 0 grayscale, green 0 grayscale and blue 255 grayscale have white parts of red 255 grayscale, green 255 grayscale and blue 255 grayscale, and the black background images 351 to 359 with red 0 grayscale, green 0 grayscale and blue 0 grayscale have white parts of red 255 grayscale, green 255 grayscale and blue 255 grayscale. Further, the red scale factor, the green scale factor, and the blue scale factor may be obtained at a maximum gray level (eg, 255 gray level) based on the white load luminance, the red load luminance, the green load luminance, and the blue load luminance at the maximum gray level (eg, 255 gray level).

[0059] In some other example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained at the entire grayscale used in the display device 200 (e.g., from grayscale 1 to grayscale 255), and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor at the entire grayscale may be obtained based on the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance at the entire grayscale. Figure 3In the example of , with respect to the 10 gray level among the entire gray levels, the white load brightness, the red load brightness, the green load brightness and the blue load brightness at the 10 gray level can be obtained by using the white image 315 of red 10 gray level, green 10 gray level and blue 10 gray level, the red background images 321 to 329 of red 10 gray level, green 0 gray level and blue 0 gray level, the green background images 331 to 339 of red 0 gray level, green 10 gray level and blue 0 gray level, the blue background images 341 to 349 of red 0 gray level, green 0 gray level and blue 10 gray level, and the black background images 351 to 359 of red 0 gray level, green 0 gray level and blue 0 gray level. The red background images 321 to 329 of 0 grayscale and blue 0 grayscale have white parts of red 10 grayscale, green 10 grayscale and blue 10 grayscale, the green background images 331 to 339 of red 0 grayscale, green 10 grayscale and blue 0 grayscale have white parts of red 10 grayscale, green 10 grayscale and blue 10 grayscale, the blue background images 341 to 349 of red 0 grayscale, green 0 grayscale and blue 10 grayscale have white parts of red 10 grayscale, green 10 grayscale and blue 10 grayscale, and the black background images 351 to 359 of red 0 grayscale, green 0 grayscale and blue 0 grayscale have white parts of red 10 grayscale, green 10 grayscale and blue 10 grayscale. This operation may be performed a number of times corresponding to the number of entire gray levels (e.g., 255 times) to obtain white load luminance, red load luminance, green load luminance, and blue load luminance at the entire gray level. Further, a red scale factor, a green scale factor, and a blue scale factor may be obtained at the entire gray level based on the white load luminance, red load luminance, green load luminance, and blue load luminance at the entire gray level.

[0060] In still other example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained at a plurality of reference gray levels (e.g., gray level 0, gray level 1, gray level 3, gray level 7, gray level 12, gray level 24, gray level 37, gray level 54, gray level 92, gray level 160, gray level 215, and gray level 255) that are part of the entire gray level used in the display device 200, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be obtained at the plurality of reference gray levels based on the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance at the plurality of reference gray levels.

[0061] The testing device 250 may store the first, second, and third color compensation value sets and the first, second, and third color compensation value sets in the display device 200 (S170). The display device 200 may compensate for input image data of the display device 200 using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets, and may selectively use the first, second, and third color compensation factors to compensate for the input image data depending on whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image. In some example embodiments, when the input image data represents a monochrome image, the display device 200 may compensate for the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets without applying the first, second, and third color compensation factors. Further, when the input image data represents a mixed-color image, the display device 200 may compensate for the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color compensation factors are applied, respectively. For example, the display device 200 may apply the first, second, and third color scaling factors to the first, second, and third color compensation value sets using the equation "FINAL_COMP_VAL=1-((1-COMP_VAL)*SCALE_FACTOR)". Here, COMP_VAL may represent a compensation value included in a corresponding one of the first, second, and third color compensation value sets, SCALE_FACTOR may represent a corresponding one of the first, second, and third color scaling factors, and FINAL_COMP_VAL may represent a compensation value to which the corresponding one of the first, second, and third color scaling factors is applied. If the first color scaling factor, the second color scaling factor, and the third color scaling factor are applied to the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, respectively, the compensation value of the first color (e.g., red), the compensation value of the second color (e.g., green), and the compensation value of the third color (e.g., blue) of each pixel may be substantially the same, and therefore, color deviation between the red brightness, the green brightness, and the blue brightness of each pixel may not occur.

[0062] As described above, in the method of generating compensation data for the display device 200 according to some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color (e.g., red) load luminance, the second color (e.g., green) load luminance, and the third color (e.g., blue) load luminance can be obtained by capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern, respectively, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor can be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively. The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and / or the third color scale factor can be selectively used to compensate for the input image data of the display device 200 depending on whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed color image. Therefore, color deviation can be avoided not only in monochrome images but also in mixed color images.

[0063] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is not applied and compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is applied according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, and Figure 8 is a graph illustrating compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is not applied and compensation values ​​to which a scaling factor is applied according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0064] Reference Figure 6According to some example embodiments, a display device may store a first color compensation value set, a second color compensation value set, and a third color compensation value set, as well as a first color scale factor, a second color scale factor, and a third color scale factor (S610). For example, the display device may store a red compensation value set, a green compensation value set, and a blue compensation value set, as well as a red scale factor, a green scale factor, and a blue scale factor. In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained by capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern displayed by the display device, respectively, and the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively. Further, in some example embodiments, each of the red compensation value set, the green compensation value set, and the blue compensation value set may include a plurality of compensation values ​​obtained at a plurality of combinations of a plurality of first reference positions and a plurality of first reference gray levels, respectively. Further, in some example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be stored at a plurality of second reference locations. Further, according to example embodiments, the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be stored at a maximum grayscale level, at a full grayscale level, or at a plurality of second reference grayscale levels.

[0065] The display device may receive input image data (S620) and may determine whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image (S630). In some example embodiments, when the input image data includes monochrome pixel data (e.g., where two of the red sub-pixel data, the green sub-pixel data, and the blue sub-pixel data represent a 0 grayscale level) relative to pixels whose number is greater than or equal to a reference number (e.g., greater than approximately 90% of the entire pixels), the display device may determine that the input image data represents a monochrome image. Further, when the input image data includes monochrome pixel data (e.g., where two of the red sub-pixel data, the green sub-pixel data, and the blue sub-pixel data represent a 0 grayscale level) relative to pixels whose number is less than a reference number (e.g., less than approximately 90% of the entire pixels), the display device may determine that the input image data represents a mixed-color image.

[0066] When the input image data represents a monochrome image (S640: Monochrome Image), the display device may generate output image data by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets without applying the first, second, and third color scale factors (S650). Further, the display device may display an image based on the output image data (S670).

[0067] However, when the input image data represents a mixed color image (S640: mixed color image), the display device may generate output image data by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color compensation value sets are applied, respectively (S660). In some example embodiments, the first, second, and third color compensation value sets may be applied to the first, second, and third color compensation value sets using the equation "FINAL_COMP_VAL=1-((1-COMP_VAL)*SCALE_FACTOR)". Here, COMP_VAL may represent a compensation value included in a corresponding one of the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, SCALE_FACTOR may represent a corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor, and FINAL_COMP_VAL may represent a compensation value to which the corresponding one of the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor is applied. Further, the display device may display an image based on the output image data (S670).

[0068] For example, Figure 7 The first table 710 and the second table 730 are illustrated, the first table 710 includes red compensation values, green compensation values, and blue compensation values ​​without applying the red scale factor, green scale factor, and blue scale factor at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, and includes, for reference, white compensation values ​​calculated by multiplying the red compensation values, green compensation values, and blue compensation values ​​at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, and the second table 730 includes red compensation values, green compensation values, and blue compensation values ​​to which the red scale factor, green scale factor, and blue scale factor are applied at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9, and includes, for reference, white compensation values ​​at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9.

[0069] Figure 8The first graph 810 and the second graph 830 are shown. The first graph 810 represents the red compensation values ​​R_CV at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the first table 710 without applying the red scale factor, the green compensation values ​​G_CV at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the first table 710 without applying the green scale factor, the blue compensation values ​​B_CV at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the first table 710 without applying the blue scale factor, and the white compensation values ​​B_CV at the first reference position RP9 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the first table 710. The second graph 830 shows the red compensation values ​​R_SFACV to which the red scale factor is applied at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the second table 730, the green compensation values ​​G_SFACV to which the green scale factor is applied at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the second table 730, the blue compensation values ​​B_SFACV to which the blue scale factor is applied at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the second table 730, and the white compensation values ​​W_CV at the first reference position RP1 to the ninth reference position RP9 of the second table 730. Here, in the second graph 830, the curves of the red compensation values ​​R_SFACV, the curves of the green compensation values ​​G_SFACV, the curves of the blue compensation values ​​B_SFACV, and the curve of the white compensation values ​​W_CV of the second table 730 are shown to substantially overlap with each other.

[0070] Figure 7 and Figure 8 The following examples illustrate red, green, and blue scale factors of approximately 5, 10, and 1.4, respectively. Each color scale factor can be applied to a corresponding color compensation value using the equation "FINAL_COMP_VAL = 1-((1-COMP_VAL)*SCALE_FACTOR)". For example, at the first reference position RP1, a red scale factor of approximately 5 can be applied to a red compensation value of approximately 0.976 to obtain a red compensation value of "1-((1-0.976)*5) = 0.88" with the red scale factor applied, a green scale factor of approximately 10 can be applied to a green compensation value of approximately 0.988 to obtain a green compensation value of "1-((1-0.988)*10) = 0.88" with the green scale factor applied, and a blue scale factor of approximately 1.4 can be applied to a blue compensation value of approximately 0.916 to obtain a blue compensation value of "1-((1-0.916)*1.4) = 0.88" with the blue scale factor applied. In a mixed color image including two or more of red, green, and blue, in particular, in a high gray mixed color image, the color deviation between red, green, and blue may be caused by a loading effect. Figure 7 The second table 730 and Figure 8 As illustrated in the second curve graph 830, when a mixed color image is displayed, the input image data can be compensated by using a red compensation value, a green compensation value, and a blue compensation value to which a red scale factor, a green scale factor, and a blue scale factor are applied in consideration of a load effect, and therefore, color deviation may not occur even in the mixed color image.

[0071] Figure 9 is a block diagram illustrating a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0072] Reference Figure 9 According to some example embodiments, a display device 900 may include a display panel 910 including a plurality of pixels PX, a data driver 920 providing a data signal DS to the plurality of pixels PX, a scan driver 930 providing a scan signal SS to the plurality of pixels PX, a compensation data storage 940, and a controller 950 controlling the data driver 920 and the scan driver 930.

[0073] The display panel 910 may include a plurality of data lines, a plurality of scan lines, and a plurality of pixels PX coupled to the plurality of data lines and the plurality of scan lines. In some example embodiments, each pixel PX may include at least one capacitor, at least two transistors, and an organic light emitting diode (OLED), and the display panel 910 may be an OLED display panel. In other example embodiments, the display panel 910 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel or any other suitable display panel.

[0074] The data driver 920 may generate a data signal DS based on the output image data ODAT and the data control signal DCTRL received from the controller 950, and may provide the data signal DS corresponding to the output image data ODAT to the plurality of pixels PX via a plurality of data lines. In some example embodiments, the data control signal DCTRL may include, but is not limited to, an output data enable signal, a horizontal start signal, and a load signal. In some example embodiments, the data driver 920 and the controller 950 may be implemented using a single integrated circuit, and the single integrated circuit may be referred to as a timing controller embedded in a data driver (TED). In other example embodiments, the data driver 920 and the controller 950 may be implemented using separate integrated circuits.

[0075] The scan driver 930 may generate a scan signal SS based on a scan control signal SCTRL from the controller 950, and may sequentially provide the scan signal SS to a plurality of pixels PX through a plurality of scan lines on a row-by-row basis. In some example embodiments, the scan control signal SCTRL may include, but is not limited to, a scan start signal and a scan clock signal. In some example embodiments, the scan driver 930 may be integrated or formed in a peripheral portion of the display panel 910. In other example embodiments, the scan driver 930 may be implemented using one or more integrated circuits.

[0076] The compensation data storage 940 may store a first color compensation value set RCVS, a second color compensation value set GCVS, and a third color compensation value set BCVS, as well as a first color scale factor RSF, a second color scale factor GSF, and a third color scale factor BSF. In some example embodiments, the compensation data storage 940 may be implemented using, but not limited to, a non-volatile memory such as a flash memory, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or the like. In some example embodiments, the white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance may be obtained by capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern displayed by the display device 900, respectively. The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor may be calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load luminance by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load luminance, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load luminance, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance, respectively. The calculated first color scale factor, second color scale factor, and third color scale factor may be stored in the compensation data storage 940.

[0077] A controller (e.g., a timing controller (TCON)) 950 may receive input image data IDAT and a control signal CTRL from an external host processor (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU) or a graphics card). In some example embodiments, the control signal CTRL may include, but is not limited to, a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, an input data enable signal, a master clock signal, and the like. The controller 950 may generate output image data ODAT, a data control signal DCTRL, and a scan control signal SCTRL based on the input image data IDAT and the control signal CTRL. Further, the controller 950 may control the operation of the data driver 920 by providing the output image data ODAT and the data control signal DCTRL to the data driver 920, and may control the operation of the scan driver 930 by providing the scan control signal SCTRL to the scan driver 930.

[0078] The controller 950 of the display device 900 according to some example embodiments may include a monochrome image determiner 960 and a data compensator 970 .

[0079] The monochrome image determiner 960 may determine whether the input image data IDAT represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image. In some example embodiments, when the input image data IDAT includes monochrome pixel data (e.g., where two of the red sub-pixel data, the green sub-pixel data, and the blue sub-pixel data represent a 0 grayscale) for pixels PX whose number is greater than or equal to a reference number (e.g., greater than approximately 90% of the entire pixels PX), the monochrome image determiner 960 may determine that the input image data IDAT represents a monochrome image. Further, when the input image data IDAT includes monochrome pixel data for pixels PX whose number is less than a reference number (e.g., less than approximately 90% of the entire pixels PX), the monochrome image determiner 960 may determine that the input image data IDAT represents a mixed-color image.

[0080] The data compensator 970 may generate output image data ODAT by compensating the input image data IDAT using the first color compensation value set RCVS, the second color compensation value set GCVS, and the third color compensation value set BCVS to which the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF are not applied when the input image data IDAT represents a monochrome image. Furthermore, the data compensator 970 may generate output image data ODAT by compensating the input image data IDAT using the first color compensation value set RCVS, the second color compensation value set GCVS, and the third color compensation value set BCVS to which the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF are applied, respectively, when the input image data IDAT represents a mixed color image. In some example embodiments, the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF may be applied to the first color compensation value set RCVS, the second color compensation value set GCVS, and the third color compensation value set BCVS using the equation “FINAL_COMP_VAL=1−((1−COMP_VAL)*SCALE_FACTOR)”. Here, COMP_VAL may represent a compensation value included in a corresponding one of the first color compensation value set RCVS, the second color compensation value set GCVS, and the third color compensation value set BCVS, SCALE_FACTOR may represent a corresponding one of the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF, and FINAL_COMP_VAL may represent a compensation value to which the corresponding one of the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF is applied.

[0081] In some example embodiments, the first color compensation value set RCVS, the second color compensation value set GCVS, and the third color compensation value set BCVS may include first color compensation values, second color compensation values, and third color compensation values ​​at a plurality of first reference positions, and the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF may be obtained at a plurality of second reference positions. In this case, with respect to each pixel PX, the first color compensation value, the second color compensation value, and the third color compensation value for the pixel PX can be obtained by performing bilinear interpolation on the first color compensation value, the second color compensation value, and the third color compensation value at four adjacent first reference positions among a plurality of first reference positions, the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF for the pixel PX can be obtained by performing bilinear interpolation on the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF at four adjacent second reference positions among a plurality of second reference positions, and the input image data IDAT for the pixel PX can be compensated by using the first color compensation value, the second color compensation value, and the third color compensation value for the pixel PX and / or the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF for the pixel PX.

[0082] Furthermore, in some example embodiments, the first color compensation value set RCVS, the second color compensation value set GCVS, and the third color compensation value set BCVS may include first, second, and third color compensation values ​​at a plurality of reference grayscale levels. In this case, with respect to each pixel PX, the first, second, and third color compensation values ​​for the pixel PX may be obtained by performing linear interpolation on the first, second, and third color compensation values ​​at two adjacent reference grayscale levels among the plurality of reference grayscale levels. In some example embodiments, the first, second, and third color scale factors RSF, GSF, and BSF may be obtained at a maximum grayscale level. In this case, the input image data IDAT for the pixel PX may be compensated using the first, second, and third color compensation values ​​for the pixel PX and / or the first, second, and third color scale factors RSF, GSF, and BSF for the entire grayscale range of the pixel PX. In other example embodiments, the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF may be obtained across all grayscale levels. In this case, the input image data IDAT for the pixel PX may be compensated using the first color compensation value, the second color compensation value, and the third color compensation value for the pixel PX and / or the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF for the grayscale level of the pixel PX. In still other example embodiments, the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF may be obtained at multiple reference grayscale levels. In this case, for each pixel PX, the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF for the pixel PX may be obtained by performing linear interpolation on the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF at two adjacent reference grayscale levels among the multiple reference grayscale levels. Further, in this case, the input image data IDAT for the pixel PX can be compensated by using the first color compensation value, the second color compensation value, and the third color compensation value for the pixel PX and / or the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF for the pixel PX.

[0083] As described above, the display device 900 according to some example embodiments may store not only the first color compensation value set RCVS, the second color compensation value set GCVS, and the third color compensation value set BCVS, but also the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF, and may selectively use the first color scale factor RSF, the second color scale factor GSF, and the third color scale factor BSF to compensate the input image data IDAT depending on whether the input image data IDAT represents a monochrome image or a mixed color image. Therefore, color deviation may not occur in both monochrome images and mixed color images.

[0084] Figure 10 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device including a display device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0085] Reference Figure 10 , the electronic device 1100 may include a processor 1110, a memory device 1120, a storage device 1130, an input / output (I / O) device 1140, a power supply 1150, and a display device 1160. The electronic device 1100 may further include a plurality of ports for communicating with a video card, a sound card, a memory card, a universal serial bus (USB) device, other electronic devices, and the like.

[0086] The processor 1110 may perform various computing functions or tasks. The processor 1110 may be an application processor (AP), a microprocessor, a central processing unit (CPU), or the like. The processor 1110 may be coupled to other components via an address bus, a control bus, a data bus, or the like. Furthermore, in some example embodiments, the processor 1110 may be further coupled to an expansion bus such as a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0087] The memory device 1120 may store data for operating the electronic device 1100. For example, the memory device 1120 may include at least one nonvolatile memory device and / or at least one volatile memory device, wherein the nonvolatile memory device may include an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) device, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) device, a flash memory device, a phase change random access memory (PRAM) device, a resistive random access memory (RRAM) device, a nano-floating gate memory (NFGM) device, a polymer random access memory (PoRAM) device, a magnetic random access memory (MRAM) device, a ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) device, etc., and the volatile memory device may include a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) device, a static random access memory (SRAM) device, a mobile dynamic random access memory (mobile DRAM) device, etc.

[0088] The storage device 1130 may be a solid-state drive (SSD), a hard disk drive (HDD), a CD-ROM, etc. The I / O device 1140 may be an input device such as a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch screen, etc., and an output device such as a printer, a speaker, etc. The power supply 1150 may supply power for operating the electronic device 1100. The display device 1160 may be coupled to other components via a bus or other communication link.

[0089] The display device 1160 can store not only the first color compensation value set, the second color compensation value set, and the third color compensation value set, but also the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor. The display device 1160 can selectively use the first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor to compensate for input image data depending on whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image. Therefore, color deviation can be eliminated in both monochrome and mixed-color images.

[0090] Example embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to any display device 1160 that performs speckle correction and any electronic device 1100 that includes the display device 1160. For example, example embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to televisions (TVs), digital TVs, 3D TVs, smart phones, wearable electronic devices, tablet computers, mobile phones, personal computers (PCs), home appliances, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), digital cameras, music players, portable game consoles, navigation devices, and the like.

[0091] The foregoing is illustrative of example embodiments and should not be construed as limiting thereof. Although a few example embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications may be made in the example embodiments without materially departing from the features of the example embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure as defined in the claims. Therefore, it is to be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of various example embodiments and should not be construed as being limited to the specific example embodiments disclosed, and that modifications to the disclosed example embodiments as well as other example embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A data compensation method for a display device, the method comprising: obtaining a first color compensation value set, a second color compensation value set, and a third color compensation value set by respectively capturing a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image displayed by the display device; obtaining white load luminance, first color load luminance, second color load luminance, and third color load luminance by respectively capturing a white load pattern, a first color load pattern, a second color load pattern, and a third color load pattern displayed by the display device; Obtaining black load brightness by capturing black load patterns; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by dividing a difference between the white load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness by dividing a difference between the first color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness by dividing a difference between the second color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the third color load luminance by dividing a difference between the third color load luminance and the black load luminance by the black load luminance; calculating a first color scaling factor, a second color scaling factor, and a third color scaling factor by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness, the brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness, and the brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness, respectively; as well as storing the first, second, and third color compensation value sets and the first, second, and third color compensation value sets in the display device, The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor are selectively used to compensate the input image data according to whether the input image data of the display device represents a monochrome image or a mixed color image.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Obtaining the white load brightness, the first color load brightness, the second color load brightness, and the third color load brightness includes: obtaining the white load luminance by capturing a white image as the white load pattern; obtaining the first color loading brightness at the reference position by capturing an image having a first color background and a white portion at the reference position as the first color loading pattern; obtaining the second color loading luminance at the reference position by capturing an image having a second color background and the white portion at the reference position as the second color loading pattern; and The third color load luminance at the reference position is obtained by capturing an image having a third color background and the white portion at the reference position as the third color load pattern.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance are obtained at a plurality of reference positions including the reference position.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The first color load luminance at the plurality of reference positions is obtained by sequentially capturing a plurality of images having the first color background and a plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions, respectively. wherein the second color load brightness at the plurality of reference positions is obtained by sequentially capturing a plurality of images having the second color background and the plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions, respectively; and The third color load brightness at the plurality of reference positions is obtained by sequentially capturing a plurality of images having the third color background and the plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions, respectively.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein The first color loading brightness at the plurality of reference positions is obtained by capturing a single image having the first color background and a plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions, wherein the second color load brightness at the plurality of reference positions is obtained by capturing a single image having the second color background and the plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions, and The third color load brightness at the plurality of reference positions is obtained by capturing a single image having the third color background and the plurality of white portions at the plurality of reference positions.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor are obtained at a plurality of reference positions.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The white load luminance, the first color load luminance, the second color load luminance, and the third color load luminance are obtained at a maximum grayscale level, and The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor are obtained at the maximum grayscale level.

8. A method for operating a display device, the method comprising: storing a first color compensation value set, a second color compensation value set, and a third color compensation value set and a first color scale factor, a second color scale factor, and a third color scale factor; receiving input image data; determining whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image; when the input image data represents the monochrome image, generating output image data by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color scale factors are not applied; generating the output image data by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color compensation value sets are applied, when the input image data represents the mixed color image; as well as displaying an image based on the output image data; The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor are calculated by the following steps: calculating a brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by dividing a difference between the white load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness by dividing a difference between the first color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness by dividing a difference between the second color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness by dividing a difference between the third color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating the first color proportional factor by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness; calculating the second color proportional factor by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness; and The third color proportional factor is calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness.

9. A display device comprising: a display panel comprising a plurality of pixels; a data driver configured to provide data signals corresponding to output image data to the plurality of pixels; a scan driver configured to provide a scan signal to the plurality of pixels; a compensation data storage configured to store first, second, and third sets of color compensation values ​​and first, second, and third color scaling factors; as well as a controller configured to control the data driver and the scan driver, the controller comprising: a monochrome image determiner configured to determine whether the input image data represents a monochrome image or a mixed-color image; and a data compensator configured to: generate the output image data by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color compensation factors are not applied when the input image data represents the monochrome image, and to generate the output image data by compensating the input image data using the first, second, and third color compensation value sets to which the first, second, and third color scaling factors are applied, respectively, when the input image data represents the mixed-color image; The first color scale factor, the second color scale factor, and the third color scale factor are calculated by the following steps: calculating a brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by dividing a difference between the white load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness by dividing a difference between the first color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness by dividing a difference between the second color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating a brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness by dividing a difference between the third color load brightness and the black load brightness by the black load brightness; calculating the first color proportional factor by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the first color load brightness; calculating the second color proportional factor by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the second color load brightness; and The third color proportional factor is calculated by dividing the brightness reduction rate of the white load brightness by the brightness reduction rate of the third color load brightness.

Images