Open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system and method, the system comprises: N flow velocity collection units and N silt thickness collection units, the flow velocity collection unit is used to collect the water flow velocity V at different positions in the same cross section of the open channel i The silt thickness collection unit is used to collect the silt height d at different locations in the same section. i ; N support and protection units, the N support and protection units are evenly distributed in the same section of the open channel; the support and protection unit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the open channel, and the support and protection unit has a support part; the support and protection unit is used to support and protect the flow rate collection unit and the silt thickness collection unit; the water level collection unit is used to collect the water level height h; the data processing unit is used to process the data collected by the flow rate collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit and the water level collection unit, and obtain the cross-sectional flow Q. The present invention has high measurement accuracy and a wide range of applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are many types of systems for automatic collection of open channel flow on the market, such as the ultrasonic time difference method, Doppler flowmeter method, hydraulic method, integrated measurement and control gate, etc. However, the above methods will encounter non-ideal conditions such as complex channel flow, slow flow rate, high sand content in the water body, easy siltation, large water level fluctuations, etc. The measurement of these methods will have large deviations, and the subsequent system calibration cycle is long, requiring professional personnel to operate, and has high requirements for users, making it difficult to promote and use.

[0003] CN107764339A discloses an open channel cross-sectional flow measurement device. The device includes a display terminal, a support frame, a cable, a sensor and a sensor placement box. The support frame is arranged along the river bank, the sensor placement box is arranged at the bottom of the river channel, the display terminal is placed on the support frame, the sensor is placed in the sensor placement box, the display terminal is connected to the sensor through a cable, and the joint of the cable and the sensor is provided with a waterproof joint, the waterproof joint is composed of a joint body waterproof cover, a joint body, a fastener and a fastener body waterproof sleeve, the joint body waterproof cover and the joint body are an integrated structure, and the fastener and the fastener body waterproof sleeve are an integrated structure. The device of this patent document is not accurate enough in measurement when encountering changes in channel bottom siltation. And the sensor is easily damaged.

[0004] CN108801370A discloses an online point-type measuring device for open channel cross-sectional flow. The device includes a display terminal, a sensor, a sensor placement device, a sensor moving device, a float, and a transceiver motor. The display terminal is arranged along the river bank, the sensor moving device has an inner cavity, a second transceiver motor is arranged in the inner cavity of the sensor moving device, the second transceiver motor is connected to the sensor placement device via a steel wire rope, the sensor is placed in the sensor placement device, and the sensor moving device is provided with a waterproof hole. This patent document only measures the flow of the open channel at different points by moving the sensor up and down, and the accuracy of the measurement result still needs to be improved.

[0005] CN110243423A discloses a river flow calculation system, including: a collection module for obtaining historical measured flow data of a flow measurement section, including lateral distribution data of the average flow velocity of a vertical line of a velocity measurement; a processing module for processing the lateral distribution data of the average flow velocity of a vertical line of a velocity measurement, and drawing a normalized standard curve of the average flow velocity of a vertical line of a measuring station; a calculation unit for determining the outer envelope of the normalized standard curve, and normalizing the current measured velocity data of the vertical line of the velocity measurement, and then comparing it with the outer envelope of the normalized standard curve, correcting the data exceeding the outer envelope through the normalized standard curve, and using the corrected velocity data of the vertical line of the velocity measurement for river flow calculation. This patent document adopts a non-contact radar wave flow measurement method.

[0006] CN201548260U discloses a silt channel flow measurement device. The device includes a silt channel flow meter, a silt thickness sensor and a water level meter. The silt thickness sensor is arranged at the bottom of the river channel and connected to the silt channel flow meter. The water level meter is also connected to the silt channel flow meter. The silt channel flow meter calculates the effective water level by collecting water surface water level signals and silt thickness, calculates the instantaneous flow of the river channel according to a known formula and calculates the cumulative flow at the same time. Through the communication method, the host computer can collect various data of the silt channel flow meter at any time to realize water resource management. The measurement accuracy of the measuring device in this patent document still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, one object of the present invention is to provide an open channel cross-sectional flow automatic collection system, which does not hook floating objects, does not produce the Voltaic effect, has almost no effect on the channel flow state, and has high measurement accuracy. The system can be installed in unlined channels with non-standard cross-sections and has a wide range of applications. Furthermore, the system can realize 24-hour continuous detection of channel cross-sectional flow, greatly reducing the workload of flow measurement personnel, and can improve the accuracy and continuity of detection data, and improve water resource monitoring capabilities. Furthermore, the system can realize real-time monitoring of changes in channel water-passing cross-sectional area, and can continuously correct the channel cross-sectional shape through a data processing unit to accurately calculate the cross-sectional area. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for automatically collecting cross-sectional flow using an open channel cross-sectional flow automatic collection system.

[0008] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions.

[0009] The present invention provides an open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system, comprising:

[0010] N flow velocity collection units and N silt thickness collection units, the flow velocity collection units and silt thickness collection units are evenly distributed in the same section of the open channel; the flow velocity collection unit is used to collect the water flow velocity V at different positions in the same section iThe silt thickness acquisition unit is used to collect the silt height d at different positions in the same section. i and transmit it to a data processing unit;

[0011] N support and protection units, each of which is configured to be fixed to the bottom of an open channel; each of which includes a support portion, each of which includes a support portion upper surface having a slope; each of which is correspondingly provided with a flow velocity collection unit and a sludge thickness collection unit, and each of which is used to support and protect the flow velocity collection unit and the sludge thickness collection unit;

[0012] Wherein, N is an odd number greater than or equal to 1; i is a natural number less than or equal to N;

[0013] A water level acquisition unit, which is used to collect the water level height h and transmit it to the data processing unit;

[0014] The data processing unit is connected to the flow velocity collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit and the water level collection unit respectively; the data processing unit is used to collect and process the data collected by the flow velocity collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit and the water level collection unit respectively, and obtain the cross-sectional flow Q.

[0015] According to the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention, preferably,

[0016] The support and protection unit further comprises a base, which is configured to be fixed to the bottom of the open channel; the support portion is fixed on the base;

[0017] The support portion is a triangular prism structure, and its side surface is a right triangle; an acute angle α of the right triangle is ≤30°.

[0018] According to the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention, preferably,

[0019] The support and protection unit also includes a connecting portion and a measuring portion;

[0020] The connecting portion is used to connect the measuring portion and the supporting portion;

[0021] The connecting portion is a quadrangular prism structure, and its side surface is a parallelogram; the short side B of the parallelogram is smaller than the right angle side A opposite to the acute angle α of the supporting portion;

[0022] The measuring part is a cuboid structure, and its side surface is a rectangle; the length of the short side C of the rectangle is less than or equal to the short side B of the parallelogram.

[0023] According to the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention, preferably,

[0024] The side surface of the supporting portion, the side surface of the connecting portion and the side surface of the measuring portion are coplanar;

[0025] The connecting portion comprises a connecting portion upper surface having a slope; the upper surface of the supporting portion and the upper surface of the connecting portion are coplanar;

[0026] The planes where the lower surface of the connecting portion and the lower surface of the measuring portion are located are higher than the plane where the lower surface of the supporting portion is located.

[0027] According to the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention, preferably, the collection end of the silt thickness collection unit is located on the lower surface of the measuring part and is arranged to contact the water flow in the open channel; the collection end of the flow velocity collection unit is located on the side of the measuring part and is arranged to contact the water flow.

[0028] According to the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention, preferably, lifting holes are provided on both sides of the support part; the support part is provided with overflow and sand discharge holes on the surface connected to the connecting part, and the overflow and sand discharge holes are located below the connecting part.

[0029] According to the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention, preferably, a mounting hole for installing the collection end of the flow velocity collection unit is provided on one side of the measuring part; an inspection hole is provided on the other side of the measuring part; the supporting part, the connecting part and the measuring part are hollow structures formed by stainless steel plates, and the measuring part is connected to the supporting part.

[0030] According to the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention, preferably,

[0031] It also includes a solar power supply unit, the flow rate collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit, the water level collection unit, and the data processing unit are respectively connected to the solar power supply unit, and the solar power supply unit is used to supply power to the units connected thereto;

[0032] The data processing unit and the solar power supply unit are arranged on the bank of the open channel; and the water level collection unit is arranged above the water surface of the open channel.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for automatically collecting cross-sectional flow using the open channel cross-sectional flow automatic collection system as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0034] (1) The water level acquisition unit collects the water level height h and transmits it to the data processing unit;

[0035] (2) N silt thickness collection units collect silt height d at different locations in the same section of the open channel i , and transmit it to the data processing unit;

[0036] (3) Collect the cross-sectional area S between the velocity measurement vertical lines n and transmit it to a data processing unit;

[0037] (4) N flow velocity collection units collect the flow velocity V at different locations in the same section of the open channel. i and transmit it to a data processing unit;

[0038] (5) The data processing unit processes the received data to obtain the cross-sectional flow rate Q; and organizes, stores and uploads the data to the monitoring center system.

[0039] According to the method of the present invention, preferably, the data processing unit uses the following formula to process and obtain the cross-sectional flow rate Q:

[0040] (1)V n =V i / (c+k×(h1 / (hd i )));

[0041] Where c is a constant, k is the velocity coefficient, h1 is the distance between the velocity acquisition unit and the water surface; V n is the average flow velocity of the cross section between the velocity measuring vertical lines;

[0042] (2)Q n =V n ×S n ;

[0043] S n =0.5×(h i +h i-1 )×L;

[0044] h i =hd i ;

[0045] h i-1 =hd i-1 ;

[0046] Among them, h i 、h i-1 are the water depths of adjacent speed measuring vertical lines, L is the distance between adjacent speed measuring vertical lines; S n Q is the cross-sectional area between the velocity measuring vertical lines, n is the cross-sectional flow rate between the velocity measuring vertical lines;

[0047] (3)Q=Q1+Q2+……+Q N ;

[0048] Wherein, N is the number of supporting protection units.

[0049] The open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention adopts a support protection unit with a support part, which can avoid hooking floating objects, will not produce the Voltaic effect, has almost no effect on the channel flow state, and has high measurement accuracy. The system can be installed in unlined channels with non-standard cross-sections and has a wide range of applications. The system has a simple structure and low cost. Furthermore, the system can realize real-time monitoring of changes in the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel, can continuously correct the cross-sectional shape of the channel through a data processing unit, accurately calculate the cross-sectional area, and improve measurement accuracy. In addition, the system can accurately measure the siltation change range within 0.5 meters, and the accuracy can reach ±1cm. The flow measurement accuracy of the system can reach within ±5%. Compared with the prior art, the measurement accuracy can be improved by more than 5 percentage points. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of an open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 It is an overall schematic diagram of a supporting and protecting unit of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic side view of .

[0053] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic top view of .

[0054] Figure 5 The figure is a flow chart of a method for automatically collecting cross-sectional flow according to the present invention.

[0055] Description of reference numerals:

[0056] 100-flow velocity collection unit; 200-silt thickness collection unit; 300-support protection unit; 310-base; 320-support part; 321-upper surface of support part; 322-side of support part; 3221-right angle side; 323-overflow and sand discharge hole; 324-lifting hole; 330-measuring part; 331-upper surface of measuring part; 332-side of measuring part; 3321-short side of rectangle; 340-connecting part; 341-upper surface of connecting part; 342-side of connecting part; 3421-short side of parallelogram; 400-water level collection unit; 500-data processing unit; 600-solar power supply unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0058] The open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system provided by the present invention comprises a flow velocity collection unit, a silt thickness collection unit, a support protection unit, a water level collection unit, a data processing unit and a solar power supply unit.

[0059] The number of the flow velocity collection unit and the number of the sludge thickness collection unit of the present invention are N. N is an odd number greater than or equal to 1, preferably an odd number greater than or equal to 3, and more preferably an odd number greater than or equal to 5.

[0060] N velocity collection units and N silt thickness collection units are evenly distributed on the same section of the open channel. The velocity collection unit is used to collect the water velocity V at different positions in the open channel section. i The silt thickness acquisition unit is used to collect the silt height d at different positions in the open channel section. i And transmit it to the data processing unit. A flow velocity collection unit and a silt thickness collection unit basically collect the water flow velocity V at the same position accordingly. i and silt thickness d i Among them, i is a natural number less than or equal to N. This is conducive to the accurate determination of open channel cross-sectional flow.

[0061] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flow velocity collection unit is an electromagnetic flow meter; and the sludge thickness collection unit is a sludge thickness sensor.

[0062] In the present invention, the flow rate collection unit may be an electromagnetic flow meter known in the art, preferably an electromagnetic flow meter in the embodiment of CN209764905U, for example, the electromagnetic flow meter in embodiment 4.

[0063] The supporting and protecting units of the present invention are N. N is an odd number greater than or equal to 1, preferably an odd number greater than or equal to 3, and more preferably an odd number greater than or equal to 5. The number of supporting and protecting units is determined according to the use environment (measured channel width), and the spacing shall not be greater than 5 meters.

[0064] N support and protection units are evenly distributed in the same section of the open channel. The support and protection unit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the open channel. A flow velocity collection unit and a silt thickness collection unit are correspondingly arranged on any support and protection unit. Specifically, one of the flow velocity collection units and one of the silt thickness collection units are correspondingly arranged on one side of the top of the supporting part of one of the support and protection units. The support and protection unit is used to support and protect the flow velocity collection unit and the silt thickness collection unit. The support and protection unit discovered in the present invention will hardly affect the flow state, will not change the cross-sectional shape of the open channel, and will not cause floating objects to be hooked, silted, etc. in the measured section due to the installation of the support and protection unit.

[0065] The supporting and protecting unit of the present invention comprises a base, a supporting part, a connecting part and a measuring part.

[0066] The base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the open channel. Specifically, it can be fixedly connected by bolts. This is conducive to fixing the support and protection unit to the bottom of the open channel.

[0067] The support portion is arranged on the base. The support portion includes an upper surface of the support portion having a slope. The support portion is a triangular prism structure, and the side surface of the support portion is a right triangle. An acute angle α of the right triangle is ≤30°, preferably ≤22-28°, and more preferably ≤24-26°. That is, the support portion is a slope structure. In this way, on the one hand, the support portion with an acute angle will not affect the open channel flow state. On the other hand, the specific structure of the support portion and the connecting portion is used to form an overflow and sand discharge hole on the surface of the support portion close to the connecting portion.

[0068] In the present invention, the acute angle α of the right triangle is the angle between the upper surface of the support portion and the base (the lower surface of the support portion). According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the acute angle α is 25±0.2°.

[0069] Lifting holes are provided on both sides of the support part. The support protection unit can be easily hoisted through the lifting holes. A reinforcement piece is provided at the connection between the support part and the base. This is conducive to the stability of the support protection unit.

[0070] In the present invention, the support part is a hollow structure formed by a stainless steel plate. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the width of the upper surface of the support part is 8 cm. The water-facing surface (i.e., the upper surface of the support part) and the side surface of the support part are cut from a whole stainless steel plate to reduce the interference of surface protrusions caused by welding on the water flow rate.

[0071] The connecting part is used to connect the measuring part and the supporting part. The connecting part is a quadrangular prism structure, and the side of the connecting part is a parallelogram. The short side B of the parallelogram is smaller than the right angle side A relative to the acute angle α of the supporting part. This is conducive to providing overflow and sand discharge holes on the surface where the supporting part and the connecting part are connected, and making the overflow and sand discharge holes away from the measuring part, so as to avoid the influence of the overflow and sand discharge holes on the measurement of the flow rate collection unit and the silt thickness collection unit to ensure the accuracy of the measurement.

[0072] In some embodiments, the connecting portion includes an upper surface of the connecting portion having a slope. The upper surface of the supporting portion and the upper surface of the connecting portion are coplanar. This will not affect the channel flow pattern. The measuring portion is located on the side of the connecting portion away from the supporting portion. The upper surface of the measuring portion is at the same height as the top edge of the connecting portion, that is, the top edge of the connecting portion (the side with the highest height) is located in the plane where the upper surface of the measuring portion is located.

[0073] In some embodiments, the measuring portion is a cuboid structure, and the side of the measuring portion is a rectangle. The length of the short side C of the rectangle is less than the short side B of the parallelogram. In other embodiments, the length of the short side C of the rectangle is equal to the short side B of the parallelogram.

[0074] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the collection end of the sludge thickness collection unit is located on the lower surface of the measuring part and is arranged to contact the water flow in the open channel. The collection end of the flow rate collection unit is located on the side of the measuring part and is arranged to contact the water flow.

[0075] In certain embodiments, the side surface of the support portion, the side surface of the connection portion and the side surface of the measurement portion are coplanar. The plane where the lower surface of the connection portion and the lower surface of the measurement portion are located is higher than the plane where the lower surface of the support portion is located.

[0076] The support part is provided with overflow and sand discharge holes on the surface connected to the connection part (the surface opposite to the acute angle α). The overflow and sand discharge holes are located below the connection part. Multiple overflow and sand discharge holes are arranged equidistantly from bottom to top. In this way, on the one hand, the support and protection unit is balanced, and on the other hand, it can ensure that there is no water in the support and protection unit during the water outage period to prevent ice and frost damage.

[0077] In the present invention, a mounting hole for mounting the collection end of the flow rate collection unit is provided on one side of the measuring part, and an inspection hole is provided on the other side of the measuring part.

[0078] The measuring part is a hollow structure formed by a stainless steel plate. The measuring part is connected with the connecting part and the supporting part. In the present invention, the stainless steel plate can be a 304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 4 mm.

[0079] The present invention provides a support protection unit with an acute-angle support portion, which can protect the sensor facilities on the one hand, and on the other hand, the support protection unit has a small water-facing area, which can avoid the hooking of floating objects and improve the accuracy of collection (measurement). In addition, the flow rate collection unit and the silt thickness collection unit are far away from the overflow and sand discharge hole through the connection portion, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement.

[0080] In the present invention, the water level acquisition unit is used to collect the water level height h and transmit it to the data processing unit. The water level acquisition unit is arranged above the water surface. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the water level acquisition unit of the present invention is a water level meter. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the water level acquisition unit of the present invention is a non-contact radar water level meter.

[0081] The data processing unit of the present invention is connected to the velocity collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit and the water level collection unit respectively. The data processing unit is used to collect and process the data collected by the velocity collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit and the water level collection unit respectively, and obtain the cross-sectional flow Q.

[0082] The solar power supply unit of the present invention is connected to the flow rate collection unit, the sludge thickness collection unit, the water level collection unit and the data processing unit respectively. The solar power supply unit is used to supply power to the units connected thereto. This is conducive to environmentally friendly electricity use, and there is no need to dismantle the system or manually look after the system during the water outage period.

[0083] The data processing unit and the solar power supply unit of the present invention are arranged on the bank of the open channel.

[0084] The open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention can avoid hooking floating objects by adopting a support protection unit with a support part, and will not produce a voltaic effect, which has little impact on the channel flow state and has high measurement accuracy. It can be placed in water for a long time, and the shell roughness (the smoothness of the shell surface in contact with water) will not change, and will not affect the calibrated results. It can realize real-time monitoring of the change of the channel water-passing cross-sectional area, and can continuously correct the channel cross-sectional shape through the data processing unit to accurately calculate the cross-sectional area. The system can be installed in unlined channels with non-standard cross-sections. The system has a simple structure and low cost, and the construction cost and later maintenance cost are much lower than similar products on the current market. The system can complete 24-hour continuous detection of channel cross-sectional flow, greatly reducing the work intensity of flow measurement personnel, improving the accuracy and continuity of detection data, and improving water resources monitoring capabilities. The siltation change range within 0.5 meters can be accurately measured with an accuracy of ±1cm. The flow measurement accuracy of the system can reach within ±5%.

[0085] The present invention also provides a method for automatically collecting cross-sectional flow using the open channel cross-sectional flow automatic collection system as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0086] (1) The water level acquisition unit collects the water level height h and transmits it to the data processing unit;

[0087] (2) N silt thickness collection units collect silt height d at different locations in the same section of the open channel i , and transmit it to the data processing unit;

[0088] (3) Collect the cross-sectional area S between the velocity measurement vertical lines n and transmit it to a data processing unit;

[0089] (4) N flow velocity collection units collect the flow velocity V at different locations in the same section of the open channel. i and transmit it to a data processing unit;

[0090] (5) The data processing unit processes the received data to obtain the cross-sectional flow rate Q; and organizes, stores and uploads the data to the monitoring center system.

[0091] In the present invention, the method of the present invention further includes that before the open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system automatically collects the cross-section flow, the system performs a self-check to determine that there is no abnormality in the system.

[0092] In step (1), the water level acquisition unit acquires the water level height h and determines whether it is a valid water level. This can be determined based on the set height parameters, and reference can be made to the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. If it is a valid water level, proceed to step (2); if it is not a valid water level, return to the system self-check step;

[0093] In step (3), we can refer to the existing technology and firstly densely arrange the depth measurement vertical lines on the cross section to realize the accurate simulation of the channel cross section; then select several depth measurement vertical lines as velocity measurement vertical lines. Then collect the cross-sectional area S between each velocity measurement vertical line. n .

[0094] In step (4), the water flow velocity V i Screen and determine whether it is effective; abnormal data can be directly eliminated.

[0095] In step (5), the data processing unit uses the following formula to obtain the cross-sectional flow Q (or the cross-sectional flow, i.e. the total cross-sectional flow).

[0096] In the present invention, the data processing unit uses the following formula to process and obtain the cross-sectional flow rate Q:

[0097] (1)V n =V i / (c+k×(h1 / (hd i )));

[0098] Among them, c is a constant, k is the velocity coefficient, and h1 is the distance between the velocity acquisition unit and the water surface;

[0099] (2)Q n =V n ×S n ;

[0100] S n =0.5×(h i +h i-1 )×L;

[0101] h i =hd i ;

[0102] h i-1 =hd i-1 ;

[0103] Among them, h i 、h i-1 is the water depth of adjacent speed measuring vertical lines, L is the distance between adjacent speed measuring vertical lines;

[0104] (3)Q=Q1+Q2+……+Q N ;

[0105] In formula (1), the data processing unit converts the water flow velocity V at different positions in the same section collected from the flow velocity acquisition unit, the silt thickness acquisition unit and the water level acquisition unit into i , silt thickness d i , and the water level h are processed to obtain V n . V n V is the average flow velocity of the cross section between the velocity measuring vertical lines. i Refers to the water flow velocity at different locations within the same section of an open channel collected by the velocity collection unit. i It refers to the silt height at different locations in the same section of the open channel measured by the silt thickness acquisition unit. h refers to the water level collected by the water level acquisition unit.

[0106] In formula (2), S n Q is the cross-sectional area between the velocity measuring vertical lines, n is the cross-sectional flow rate between the velocity measurement vertical lines. N is the number of support protection units. i is a natural number less than or equal to N. That is, the flow rate of each part is calculated by formula (2).

[0107] By using formula (3), we can get the total cross-sectional flow rate Q in m 3 / s. For example, when N is 1, Q = Q1. When N is 3, Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3. When N is 5, Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 + Q5.

[0108] That is, first calculate the average flow velocity V of the cross section between each velocity measurement vertical line n ; Then calculate the cross-sectional flow rate Q between each velocity measurement vertical line n (i.e. flow calculation of each part); calculate the cross-sectional flow Q between each velocity measuring vertical line n Add together to get the total cross-sectional flow Q (or cross-sectional flow Q). By optimizing the algorithm, the accuracy of measurement or acquisition can be improved. By combining the open channel cross-sectional flow automatic acquisition system of the present invention with a specific formula, the cross-sectional flow Q can be obtained more accurately, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. The data processing unit uploads the data to the monitoring center system, which is conducive to real-time monitoring of the cross-sectional flow.

[0109] After step (5), the process also includes returning to the system self-checking step to collect the next cross-sectional flow rate.

[0110] The method of the present invention can realize real-time monitoring of changes in the channel water flow cross-sectional area, can continuously correct the channel cross-sectional shape through a data processing unit, accurately calculate the cross-sectional area, and improve measurement accuracy.

[0111] Example 1

[0112] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of an open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of the present invention.

[0113] The open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system of this embodiment includes a flow velocity collection unit 100, a silt thickness collection unit 200, a support protection unit 300, a water level collection unit 400, a data processing unit 500 and a solar power supply unit 600.

[0114] The flow rate collection unit 100 may be an electromagnetic flow meter (the electromagnetic flow meter may be those commonly used in the art, such as the electromagnetic flow meter of Example 4 in CN209764905U). The sludge thickness collection unit 200 may be a sludge thickness sensor.

[0115] In this embodiment, there are five flow velocity collection units 100 and five silt thickness collection units 200. The five flow velocity collection units 100 and the five silt thickness collection units 200 are evenly distributed in the same section of the open channel. One flow velocity collection unit 100 and one silt thickness collection unit 200 are basically arranged at the same position. The flow velocity collection unit 100 is used to measure the water flow velocity V at different positions in the open channel section. i The silt thickness acquisition unit 200 is used to measure the silt height d at different positions in the same section of the open channel. i And transmit to the data processing unit 500. i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, that is, the water flow velocity V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 and the silt height d1, d2, d3, d4, d5 are collected.

[0116] Figure 2 It is an overall schematic diagram of a supporting and protecting unit of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic side view of . Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic top view of .

[0117] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, there are five support and protection units 300 in this embodiment. The five support and protection units are evenly distributed in the same section of the open channel. The support and protection units 300 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the open channel. A flow velocity collection unit 100 and a silt thickness collection unit 200 are correspondingly arranged on any support and protection unit 300. The support and protection unit 300 is used to support and protect the flow velocity collection unit 100 and the silt thickness collection unit 200.

[0118] The supporting and protecting unit 300 includes a base 310 , a supporting portion 320 , a connecting portion 340 , and a measuring portion 330 .

[0119] The base 310 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the open channel, and specifically, can be fixedly connected by bolts.

[0120] The support part 320 is fixedly arranged on the base 310. The support part 320 has an upper surface 321 of the support part and a side surface 322 of the support part. The upper surface 321 of the support part has a slope. The upper surface 321 of the support part is arranged facing the water flow direction of the open channel. The lower surface of the support part 320 is arranged on the base 310. The support part 320 is a triangular prism structure, and the side surfaces 322 of the two support parts are right triangles. An acute angle α of the right triangle is 25.11°.

[0121] Lifting holes 324 are provided on both sides of the support portion 320. A reinforcement member is provided at the connection between the support portion 320 and the base 310.

[0122] The connecting portion 340 is disposed between the supporting portion 320 and the measuring portion 330, and is used to connect the measuring portion 330 and the supporting portion 320. The connecting portion 340 is a quadrangular prism structure, and the side surface 342 of the connecting portion is a parallelogram. The short side B3421 of the parallelogram is smaller than the right angle side 3221 (right angle side A) opposite to the acute angle α of the supporting portion 320. The connecting portion 340 includes a connecting portion upper surface 341 having a slope. The supporting portion upper surface 321 and the connecting portion upper surface 341 are coplanar. The side surface 342 of the connecting portion and the side surface 322 of the supporting portion are coplanar.

[0123] In this embodiment, the sum of the lengths of the upper surface 321 of the support portion and the upper surface 341 of the connection portion is 203 cm. The widths of the upper surface 321 of the support portion and the upper surface 341 of the connection portion are both 8 cm (i.e., the width of the water-facing surface is 8 cm). The length of the intersection line obtained by the side surface 322 of the support portion intersecting with the lower surface of the support portion 320 is 150 cm, i.e., the long right-angled side of the right triangle is 150 cm.

[0124] The measuring part 330 is located on the side of the connecting part 340 away from the supporting part 320. The measuring part 330 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The side 332 of the measuring part is rectangular. The length of the short side 3321 (short side C) of the rectangle is equal to the short side 3421 (short side B) of the parallelogram of the connecting part. The upper surface 331 of the measuring part is at the same height as the top side of the connecting part 340, that is, the top side (the side with the highest height) of the connecting part 340 is located in the plane where the upper surface 331 of the measuring part is located. . A mounting hole for installing the flow velocity collection unit 100 is provided on the side 332 of the measuring part. An inspection hole is provided on the side opposite to the side 332 of the measuring part. Specifically, the collection end of the flow velocity collection unit 100 is arranged on the side 332 of the measuring part through the mounting hole and contacts the water flow, and the collection end of the silt thickness collection unit 200 is located on the lower surface of the measuring part 330 and contacts the water flow.

[0125] The side surface 322 of the support part, the side surface 342 of the connection part and the side surface 332 of the measuring part are coplanar. The plane where the lower surface of the connection part 340 and the lower surface of the measuring part 330 are located is higher than the plane where the lower surface of the support part 320 is located. The support part 320 is provided with overflow and sand discharge holes 323 on the surface connected to the connection part 340 (the surface opposite to the acute angle α), and the overflow and sand discharge holes 323 are located below the connection part 340. A plurality of overflow and sand discharge holes 323 are arranged equidistantly from bottom to top.

[0126] The support part 320 , the connection part 340 and the measuring part 330 are all hollow structures formed of stainless steel plates. The support part 320 is connected to the measuring part 330 .

[0127] The water level acquisition unit 400 is used to measure the water level height h. The water level acquisition unit 400 is a non-contact radar water level meter. The water level acquisition unit 400 is arranged above the water surface of the open channel.

[0128] The data processing unit 500 is respectively connected to the velocity collection unit 100, the silt thickness collection unit 200 and the water level collection unit 400. The data processing unit 500 collects and processes the data collected by the velocity collection unit 100, the silt thickness collection unit 200 and the water level collection unit 400, and obtains the cross-sectional flow Q. The cross-sectional flow is the flow through the cross section.

[0129] The flow rate collection unit 100, the silt thickness collection unit 200, the water level collection unit 400, and the data processing unit 500 are respectively connected to the solar power supply unit 600, and the solar power supply unit 600 is used to supply power to the units connected thereto. The data processing unit 500 and the solar power supply unit 600 are arranged on the bank of the open channel.

[0130] Example 2

[0131] like Figure 5 As shown, the method for automatically collecting cross-sectional flow using the open channel cross-sectional flow automatic collection system of Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0132] System self-check to ensure that the system can work normally;

[0133] The water level acquisition unit 400 acquires the water level height h and transmits it to the data processing unit 500; and determines whether it is a valid water level; if it is a valid water level, proceed to the next step; if it is not a valid water level, return to the system self-check step;

[0134] 5 silt thickness collection units 200 collect silt height d at different positions in the same section of the open channel i , and transmit it to the data processing unit 500;

[0135] Calculate the cross-sectional area S between the speed measuring vertical lines n and transmit it to the data processing unit 500;

[0136] Five flow velocity collection units 100 collect the flow velocity V of water at different positions in the same section of the open channel. i and transmits it to the data processing unit 500; and calculates the water flow velocity V i Filter the data;

[0137] The data processing unit 500 processes the received data using the following formula to obtain the cross-sectional flow rate Q:

[0138] (1)V n =V i / (c+k×(h1 / (hd i )))

[0139] Where c is a constant, k is the velocity coefficient, h1 is the distance between the velocity acquisition unit and the water surface; V n is the average flow velocity of the cross section between the velocity measuring vertical lines;

[0140] (2)Q n =V n ×S n ;

[0141] S n =0.5×(h i +h i-1 )×L;

[0142] h i =hd i ;

[0143] h i-1 =hd i-1 ;

[0144] Among them, hi 、h i-1 is the water depth of adjacent speed measuring vertical lines, L is the distance between adjacent speed measuring vertical lines; S n Q is the cross-sectional area between the velocity measuring vertical lines, n is the cross-sectional flow rate between the velocity measuring vertical lines;

[0145] (3) Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 + Q5;

[0146] In the above formula, V i It is the water flow velocity at different positions in the open channel section measured by the flow velocity acquisition unit 100. i is the silt height at different positions in the same section of the open channel measured by the silt thickness collection unit 200. h is the water level measured by the water level collection unit 400; that is, the V i ,h,d i , calculate the average velocity V between the velocity measuring vertical lines n , and then calculate the cross-sectional flow rate Q between the velocity measurement vertical lines n (i.e. flow calculation of each part); add up the flow of each part to calculate the total cross-sectional flow Q; and organize, store and upload the data to the monitoring center system;

[0147] Return to the system self-check step to collect the next section flow.

[0148] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Without departing from the essential content of the present invention, any deformation, improvement and substitution that can be conceived by those skilled in the art shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open channel cross-section flow automatic collection system, characterized in that: include: N flow velocity collection units and N silt thickness collection units, the flow velocity collection units and silt thickness collection units are evenly distributed in the same section of the open channel; the flow velocity collection unit is used to collect the water flow velocity V at different positions in the same section i The silt thickness acquisition unit is used to collect the silt height d at different positions in the same section. i and transmit it to a data processing unit; N support and protection units, each of which is configured to be fixed to the bottom of an open channel; each of which comprises a support portion, each of which comprises a support portion upper surface having a slope; A flow velocity collection unit and a sludge thickness collection unit are correspondingly arranged on any one of the supporting and protecting units, and the supporting and protecting unit is used to support and protect the flow velocity collection unit and the sludge thickness collection unit; Wherein, N is an odd number greater than or equal to 1; i is a natural number less than or equal to N; A water level acquisition unit, which is used to collect the water level height h and transmit it to the data processing unit; A data processing unit, which is connected to the flow velocity collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit and the water level collection unit respectively; the data processing unit is used to collect and process the data collected by the flow velocity collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit and the water level collection unit respectively, and obtain the cross-sectional flow Q; The supporting and protecting unit further comprises a base, a connecting part and a measuring part. The base is configured to be fixed to the bottom of the open channel; The support part is fixed on the base; the support part is a triangular prism structure, and its side surface is a right triangle; an acute angle α of the right triangle is ≤30°; The connecting portion is used to connect the measuring portion and the supporting portion; the connecting portion is a quadrangular prism structure, and its side surface is a parallelogram; the short side B of the parallelogram is smaller than the right angle side A opposite to the acute angle α of the supporting portion; The measuring part is a cuboid structure, and its side surface is a rectangle; the length of the short side C of the rectangle is less than or equal to the short side B of the parallelogram; The side surface of the supporting portion, the side surface of the connecting portion and the side surface of the measuring portion are coplanar; The connecting portion comprises an upper surface of the connecting portion having a slope; the upper surface of the supporting portion and the upper surface of the connecting portion are coplanar; the plane where the lower surface of the connecting portion and the lower surface of the measuring portion are located is higher than the plane where the lower surface of the supporting portion is located; the upper surface of the measuring portion is at the same height as the top edge of the connecting portion; The collecting end of the sludge thickness collecting unit is located on the lower surface of the measuring part and is arranged to contact the water flow of the open channel; the collecting end of the flow velocity collecting unit is located on the side of the measuring part and is arranged to contact the water flow; The support portion is provided with a water overflow and sand discharge hole on a surface connected to the connection portion, and the water overflow and sand discharge hole is located below the connection portion.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that Lifting holes are arranged on both sides of the support portion.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that A mounting hole for mounting the collection end of the flow rate collection unit is provided on one side of the measuring part; an inspection hole is provided on the other side of the measuring part; the supporting part, the connecting part and the measuring part are hollow structures formed by stainless steel plates, and the measuring part is connected to the supporting part.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a solar power supply unit, the flow velocity collection unit, the silt thickness collection unit, the water level collection unit, and the data processing unit are respectively connected to the solar power supply unit, and the solar power supply unit is used to supply power to the units connected thereto; The data processing unit and the solar power supply unit are arranged on the bank of the open channel; and the water level collection unit is arranged above the water surface of the open channel.

5. A method for automatically collecting cross-sectional flow using the open channel cross-sectional flow automatic collection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) The water level acquisition unit collects the water level height h and transmits it to the data processing unit; (2) N silt thickness collection units collect silt height d at different locations in the same section of the open channel i , and transmit it to the data processing unit; (3) Collect the cross-sectional area S between the velocity measurement vertical lines n and transmit it to a data processing unit; (4) N flow velocity collection units collect the flow velocity V at different locations in the same section of the open channel. i and transmit it to a data processing unit; (5) The data processing unit processes the received data to obtain the cross-sectional flow rate Q; and organizes, stores and uploads the data to the monitoring center system.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The data processing unit uses the following formula to obtain the cross-sectional flow rate Q: (1)V n =V i / (c+k×(h1 / (hd i ))); Where c is a constant, k is the velocity coefficient, h1 is the distance between the velocity acquisition unit and the water surface of the open channel; V n is the average flow velocity of the cross section between the velocity measuring vertical lines; (2)Q n =V n ×S n ; S n =0.5×(h i +h i-1 )×L; h i =h-d i ; h i-1 =h-d i-1 ; Among them, h i 、h i-1 are the water depths of adjacent speed measuring vertical lines, L is the distance between adjacent speed measuring vertical lines; S n Q is the cross-sectional area between the velocity measuring vertical lines, n is the cross-sectional flow rate between the velocity measuring vertical lines; (3)Q=Q1+Q2+……+Q N ; Wherein, N is the number of supporting protection units.

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