Blast-resistant fortification load assessment method and system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-explosion fortification load assessment method and system, which are used to assess buildings affected by petrochemical devices, the method comprising: determining a leakage unit in the petrochemical device; obtaining the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit, the explosion load including the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain the explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building; screening the explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building to obtain the explosion load with the maximum explosion risk as the anti-explosion fortification load. The present invention not only considers the explosion frequency, but also considers the explosion overpressure and overpressure action time, and the risk assessment index is more comprehensive; the present invention takes into account the acceptability of the anti-explosion fortification load of the building, and considers the most dangerous consequences within the acceptable range, ensuring a reasonable anti-explosion safety reserve of the building, and conforming to the principles of economic rationality, safety and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of explosion safety risk assessment of petrochemical buildings, and in particular to an anti-explosion fortification load assessment method and system. Background Art

[0002] For important buildings in petrochemical enterprises, whether it is the explosion-proof design of new buildings or the explosion-proof capacity improvement and transformation of existing buildings, it is necessary to first determine an explosion-proof fortification load, that is, the explosion overpressure and positive pressure duration. There are very few studies on explosion-proof fortification loads at present, and the only studies only give some empirical values. The maximum value of the incident overpressure of the shock wave peak commonly used in China is usually selected as 21kPa, and the positive pressure action time is 100ms, or the incident overpressure is 69kPa, and the positive pressure action time is 20ms; the foreign recommended value is that the explosion overpressure is 10~103kPa, and the action time is 20~200ms. However, this method of determining the explosion-proof fortification load based on empirical estimation does not take into account the actual situation of the plane layout, process flow and process control of the petrochemical unit, and cannot accurately adapt to the actual situation of the petrochemical enterprise buildings. In addition, the above-mentioned recommended values ​​are based on the environmental conditions where the control room is 30~75m away from the chemical unit, and the actual environmental conditions are complex and diverse. Therefore, for the actual petrochemical enterprise buildings, the above-mentioned reference values ​​are difficult to represent the explosion-proof fortification load of the actual building. Truly accurate and effective explosion-proof fortification loads should be determined through safety analysis and comprehensive evaluation based on the properties of petrochemical equipment and its layout. The determination method should adopt a risk-based approach, while taking into account the frequency of explosion accidents and the severity of the consequences of explosions, so as to reasonably determine the explosion-proof fortification value and meet the acceptability of the risk.

[0003] Regarding the determination of explosion-proof fortification loads, the usual practice in the prior art is to refer to the provisions in the British CIA Guidelines. For refining plants, generally only steam cloud explosion accidents are considered, and only frequency values ​​are considered in the cumulative explosion frequency curve. The explosion overpressure and action time corresponding to the explosion frequency in a fixed range are directly selected as the explosion-proof fortification load. This approach actually only considers the acceptability of the building to the "frequency" when determining the explosion-proof fortification load. In addition, a series of data, including multiple sets of explosion overpressure values ​​and action times, are required to meet this condition, and it is impossible to quantitatively and reasonably determine the final fortification load. In summary, how to determine the real and effective explosion-proof fortification load of a building is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field.

[0004] Therefore, in addition to the explosion frequency, the explosion overpressure and action time that characterize the severity of the consequences must also be considered, and the explosion-resistant fortification load must be determined comprehensively. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention aims to propose an anti-explosion fortification load assessment method and system, which can not only determine the anti-explosion fortification load of a building according to the actual situation of a petrochemical enterprise, but also take into account the acceptability and the most serious consequences of the building. The assessment result is unique, accurate and effective.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] A method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification loads, which is used to evaluate buildings affected by petrochemical plants, includes:

[0008] Determining a leaking unit in the petrochemical plant;

[0009] Obtaining the explosion load and explosion frequency value corresponding to the leakage unit;

[0010] Screening is performed according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building;

[0011] The acceptable explosion loads are screened, and the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads is used as the anti-explosion fortification load.

[0012] Furthermore, the determining of the leakage unit in the petrochemical device includes: performing a system leakage risk analysis on the petrochemical device to divide the leakage unit with leakage risk in the petrochemical device.

[0013] Further, the obtaining of the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit includes:

[0014] The device parameters related to the leakage unit itself are obtained, and the device parameters are used to calculate the explosion load and the explosion frequency value of the leakage unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the explosion load includes an explosion overpressure value and a positive pressure action time; and the calculating the explosion load of the leakage unit includes: calculating the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit according to a TNO multi-energy explosion model.

[0016] Further, the calculation of the explosion overpressure value of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model includes:

[0017] Calculate the cloud volume when the leakage unit explodes;

[0018] Calculating the explosion energy of the cloud according to the volume of the cloud;

[0019] Calculate the analog distance according to the explosion energy of the cloud and the effective distance between the center of the cloud and the center / wall of the building;

[0020] determining a dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure according to the analogous distance;

[0021] The explosion overpressure value is determined according to the dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure.

[0022] Furthermore, the calculating the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model includes:

[0023] The positive pressure action time is calculated according to the following formula:

[0024] T p =t p '×(E v / p0) 1 / 3 / a a

[0025] Among them, T p is the positive pressure action time, t p ' is the dimensionless positive duration, a a is the speed of sound in air, E v is the explosion energy of the cloud, and p0 is the ambient atmospheric pressure.

[0026] Further, the obtaining of the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit includes:

[0027] Calculate the leakage frequency of the leakage unit, the wind direction frequency at the location, and the ignition probability;

[0028] The product of the leakage frequency, the wind direction frequency, and the ignition probability is calculated to obtain the explosion occurrence frequency value.

[0029] Further, the calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage unit includes:

[0030] Classify the leakage aperture types according to the size of the leakage aperture;

[0031] The leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit is calculated.

[0032] Further, the calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit includes:

[0033] The leakage frequency is calculated according to the following formula:

[0034] F(d)=Cd m (1+aD n )+F rup ;

[0035] Wherein, C, a, m and n are constants corresponding to the leakage aperture type;

[0036] d is the reference leakage aperture;

[0037] F(d) is the leakage frequency value when the leakage aperture is greater than or equal to d, that is, the explosion frequency value;

[0038] D is the inner diameter of the leakage aperture;

[0039] F rup is the frequency of rupture of the pipeline connected to the container in the leakage unit.

[0040] Furthermore, the explosion load includes an explosion overpressure value and a positive pressure action time; the screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes:

[0041] Sort the explosion loads corresponding to the buildings according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values;

[0042] Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency;

[0043] The cumulative frequencies are screened to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

[0044] Furthermore, the explosion load includes an explosion overpressure value and a positive pressure action time; the screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes:

[0045] sorting the explosion loads corresponding to the walls of the building according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values;

[0046] Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads respectively to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency;

[0047] The cumulative frequencies are screened respectively to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

[0048] Furthermore, the screening of the acceptable explosion loads and taking the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads as the anti-explosion fortification load comprises:

[0049] The explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load is calculated, and the acceptable explosion load with the maximum explosion risk value is selected as the anti-explosion fortification load.

[0050] Further, the calculation of the explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load includes:

[0051] The corresponding explosion overpressure value, the positive pressure action time, and the explosion frequency value are integrated to obtain the explosion risk value.

[0052] The technical solution disclosed in the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The present invention not only considers the explosion frequency, but also the explosion overpressure and overpressure duration, and the risk assessment index is more comprehensive. In addition, the present invention not only takes into account the "acceptability" of the building's anti-explosion fortification load, but also considers the "most dangerous consequences" within the acceptable range, ensuring a reasonable building anti-explosion safety reserve, in line with the principles of economic rationality, safety and reliability.

[0054] The present invention also discloses an anti-explosion fortification load assessment system, which is used to assess buildings affected by petrochemical plants, and includes:

[0055] A selection module for determining a leaking unit in the petrochemical plant;

[0056] A parameter acquisition module, for acquiring the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit;

[0057] Screening modules for:

[0058] Screening is performed according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building; and

[0059] The acceptable explosion loads are screened, and the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads is used as the anti-explosion fortification load.

[0060] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs. The one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the above-mentioned explosion-resistant fortification load assessment method.

[0061] The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system and computer-readable storage medium disclosed in the present invention have the same advantages as the above-mentioned explosion-proof fortification load assessment method over the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0062] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0064] In the attached picture:

[0065] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the anti-blast fortification load assessment method described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 A diagram showing the relationship between the dimensionless lateral peak overpressure and the analog distance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 A graph showing a relationship between a building explosion overpressure and a cumulative frequency curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 This is a flowchart for implementing the explosion-proof fortification load assessment described in the implementation mode of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Embodiment 1

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification loads, which is used to evaluate buildings affected by petrochemical plants, and includes:

[0072] (1) Determine the leakage unit in the petrochemical plant. For the explosion-proof fortification load of the building of a petrochemical enterprise, the petrochemical plant with explosion risk is the main factor affecting the evaluation result. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the leakage unit of the petrochemical plant, that is, the structure or component that may leak and cause the explosion. Because in fact, the explosion is not caused by the leakage of the entire device or equipment, it is more targeted to study the part where the leakage occurs, so that the evaluation result is more accurate and has a higher reference value. Usually, a petrochemical plant has at least one leakage unit.

[0073] (2) Obtain the explosion load and explosion frequency value corresponding to the leakage unit. These two parameters are used to reflect the explosion risk of the leakage unit. Among them, the explosion load usually includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time, which are also the two most important parameters in the explosion-proof fortification load.

[0074] (3) Screening is performed based on the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building. Not all explosion loads of leakage units can be used to evaluate the explosion-proof fortification load. Therefore, it is necessary to screen the explosion loads of each leakage unit based on the principle of "acceptability of the frequency impact on the building" to obtain an acceptable explosion load.

[0075] (4) Screening the acceptable explosion loads, and taking the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads as the anti-explosion fortification load. There are usually multiple acceptable explosion loads screened, and although all of them can be used as anti-explosion fortification loads, it is impossible to quantitatively select a unique parameter, which leads to great uncertainty in the final evaluation result. Therefore, the present invention performs a final screening of the acceptable explosion loads based on the screening principle of "considering the most dangerous explosion consequences" to obtain a unique explosion load, namely the anti-explosion fortification load.

[0076] The assessment conducted by the above method not only considers the explosion frequency, but also the explosion overpressure and overpressure duration, and the risk assessment index is more comprehensive. In addition, the present invention not only takes into account the "acceptability" of the building's anti-explosion fortification load, but also considers the "most dangerous consequences" within the acceptable range, ensuring a reasonable building anti-explosion safety reserve. The entire assessment implementation process complies with the principles of economic rationality, safety and reliability.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, the determination of the leakage unit to be evaluated requires a system leakage risk analysis of the petrochemical device, and the determination of the part of the petrochemical device where leakage may occur, i.e., the leakage unit, based on the analysis results. In actual production work, the possible leakage sources of petrochemical devices mainly include high-temperature and high-pressure reaction vessels and storage containers (such as towers, tanks, heat exchangers, etc.) and their connected pipelines, pumps, compressors, valves and flanges. Based on the system risk analysis of the peripheral devices of important buildings of petrochemical enterprises, the leakage units are divided according to the overall layout of the device and the PID diagram. It is worth mentioning that the system risk analysis can be carried out using existing methods / processes, which will not be repeated in the present invention.

[0078] Preferably, the division principle of leakage units is:

[0079] ① According to the main process line of hazardous substances, select the shut-off valve positions before and after the process where leakage may occur as nodes;

[0080] ②Fully consider the regional location of the device and the material characteristics and phase changes of each process unit;

[0081] ③Subdivide according to the operating pressure, temperature, pipeline length and nominal diameter of each equipment.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary not only to determine the leakage unit, but also to obtain the device parameters related to the leakage unit itself, including parameters such as main medium, operating pressure, operating temperature, outlet pipe diameter, total medium mass, etc. The explosion parameters can be truly calculated through these device parameters. Compared with directly applying the commonly used general explosion parameters in the prior art, the evaluation results of the present invention are more accurate and more valuable for reference.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to obtain the explosion frequency value of the leakage unit, it is necessary to calculate the leakage frequency of the leakage unit, and the preferred calculation method is as follows:

[0084] S101: Classify the leakage aperture types according to the size of the leakage aperture; the leakage aperture of the leakage unit is divided into four categories according to the aperture size, namely small hole, medium hole, large hole and complete rupture. In order to calculate the leakage frequency and diffusion consequences more carefully and accurately, it is preferred to use 6 types of leakage apertures of 10mm, 30mm, 50mm, 70mm, 100mm and 150mm.

[0085] S102: Calculate the leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit. Specifically, the leakage frequency calculation is to calculate the leakage frequency within each leakage aperture type range, and the expression formula is as follows:

[0086] F(d)=Cd m (1+aD n )+F rup (1);

[0087] Wherein, C, a, m and n are constants corresponding to the leakage aperture type, d is the reference leakage aperture, F(d) is the leakage frequency value when the leakage aperture is greater than or equal to d, that is, the explosion frequency value, D is the inner diameter of the leakage aperture, F rup is the frequency of rupture of the pipeline connected to the container in the leakage unit. The leakage frequency of each unit is calculated according to the continuous function, and the calculation process can be assisted by DNV LEAK software to improve data processing efficiency.

[0088] The leakage frequency obtained by the above S101-S102 can be used as the explosion frequency value to evaluate the explosion-proof fortification load of the building. However, in order to obtain more accurate parameters, other factors affecting the explosion need to be considered in addition to the leakage frequency. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses another method for calculating the explosion frequency value:

[0089] S103: Calculating the wind direction frequency and ignition probability at the location of the leakage unit;

[0090] The wind direction frequency is calculated by allocating the annual dominant wind direction in percentage based on the meteorological data of the area where the petrochemical enterprise is located. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091] Wind direction frequency = (number of times the wind direction appears / total number of wind direction observations) * 100% (2);

[0092] For the ignition probability described in S103, the ignition probability is calculated according to the following formula:

[0093] P(t)=P present ×(1-e -ωt ) (3);

[0094] In formula (3), P(t) is the ignition probability within time 0~t; P present is the possibility of the existence of an ignition source when the gas cloud passes; ω is the ignition effectiveness (s -1 ), which can be calculated based on the ignition probability at a certain time point; t—time (s).

[0095] S104: Calculate the product of the leakage frequency, the wind direction frequency, and the ignition probability to obtain the explosion frequency value. That is, consider the leakage frequency obtained in S102 and the meteorological frequency and ignition probability obtained in S103 at the same time, and use the product of the three as the explosion frequency of each leakage unit, which is then used for subsequent evaluation.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to obtain the explosion load of the leakage unit, it is also necessary to calculate the explosion overpressure value of the leakage unit. For example, it can be calculated based on the principle of the TNO multi-energy explosion model. This embodiment discloses a preferred method for calculating the explosion overpressure value, which is as follows:

[0097] S201: Calculate the cloud volume when the leakage unit explodes, and calculate the cloud volume V c (m 3 ) See formula ①:

[0098] V c =Q ex / (ρ×c s ) ①

[0099] Among them, Q ex —The amount of combustible material leaked (kg), ρ—The density of the leaked medium in a specific phase (kg / m 3 ), c s —Stoichiometric concentration of the leaking medium (%).

[0100] S202: Calculate the cloud explosion energy according to the cloud volume. Specifically, calculate the cloud explosion energy E v (J / m 3 ) See formula ②:

[0101] E v =3.5×10 6 ×V c ②

[0102] S203: Calculate the analog distance according to the cloud explosion energy. Specifically, the analog distance r0 is calculated as shown in Formula ③:

[0103] r0=R / (E v / p0) 1 / 3 ③

[0104] Where R refers to the actual effective distance from the center of the cloud to the building (m), and p0 refers to the ambient atmospheric pressure (Pa).

[0105] S204: Determine the dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure according to the analog distance. Dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure Δp s By searching for Figure 3 The dimensionless lateral peak overpressure is determined by the relationship between the variation of the analogous distance shown. Figure 2 S1~S10 represent 10 explosion source intensity levels from low to high. After selecting the explosion source intensity, Δp can be determined according to the comparison distance r0. s The explosion source strength can be determined by analysis with reference to Table 1 (Explosion Source Strength Table) below.

[0106]

[0107] Table 1S205: Determine the explosion overpressure value according to the dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure, that is, calculate the explosion shock wave overpressure P (Pa):

[0108] P=Δp s ×p0 ④

[0109] The calculation of the explosion overpressure value can be completed through the above steps S201 to S205. The above steps S201 to S205 are only disclosed preferred embodiments, and other calculation methods based on the principle of the TNO multi-energy explosion model are also the solutions claimed by the present invention.

[0110] It is worth mentioning that R in formula ③ of the above step S203 can be the actual effective distance from the center of the cloud to the center of the building. Here, the building is regarded as a fixed point, but the buildings in actual petrochemical enterprises usually have a large floor area and structure. In order to finally obtain a more accurate explosion overpressure value, R in formula ③ can be used to represent the actual effective distance from the center of the cloud to each wall of the building (generally having four walls), and finally calculate the explosion overpressure value of each wall of the corresponding building. Therefore, the present invention can also evaluate the explosion-proof fortification load of the building according to its walls. The embodiment based on the evaluation of the explosion-proof fortification load of the wall is detailed below.

[0111] The positive pressure action time is also one of the important parameters for evaluating the explosion-proof fortification load. The calculation method is as follows:

[0112] S206: The calculation formula for positive pressure action time Tp (s) is shown in formula ⑤:

[0113] T p =t p '×(E v / p0) 1 / 3 / a a ⑤

[0114] Among them, T p is the positive pressure action time, t p ' is the dimensionless positive duration, a a is the speed of sound in air (about 340m / s), E v is the explosion energy of the cloud, and p0 is the ambient atmospheric pressure.

[0115] The explosion-proof fortification load must first meet the acceptability of the risk. In some embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to screen the explosion load according to the explosion frequency value. The explosion load that can be used as the explosion-proof fortification load is the acceptable explosion load. In this embodiment, a method for screening out acceptable explosion loads according to the primary principle of "acceptable cumulative frequency" is disclosed, which is as follows: the explosion overpressure values ​​generated by each leakage unit on the building are arranged in descending order according to size, and the corresponding explosion frequencies after sorting are accumulated to obtain the relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency of the building, that is, the explosion overpressure cumulative frequency curve, and the data within the acceptable range within the preset frequency range (1E-5~1E-4) and the acceptable explosion load are screened out accordingly.

[0116] In order to make the evaluation conclusion more accurate, each wall of the building affected by the leakage unit can also be screened separately. Figure 3 As shown, the specific method includes: sorting the explosion loads corresponding to the walls of the building according to the size of the explosion overpressure value; accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads to obtain the cumulative frequency, and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency; screening the cumulative frequency to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding explosion overpressure value within a preset frequency range (1E-5 to 1E-4), and determining the explosion overpressure value also determines the corresponding positive pressure duration, that is, determines the acceptable explosion load.

[0117] After completing the first screening, a number of acceptable explosion loads were obtained. In order to determine the unique and reasonable explosion-proof fortification load, a secondary screening is required based on the conclusion of the first screening. The secondary screening is mainly based on the key principle of "maximizing explosion risk", fully considering the most dangerous consequences of explosion on buildings. By quantifying the impact of leakage units on buildings as explosion risk values ​​for comparison and screening, the most suitable acceptable explosion load is obtained as the explosion-proof fortification load. The explosion frequency, the explosion overpressure value that can reflect the consequences of the explosion, and the duration of positive pressure are integrated, and the volume formed in the spatial coordinate system is the explosion risk value Rv. The calculated series of explosion risk values ​​are rearranged to obtain the relationship curve between overpressure and risk value, which is called the "explosion risk curve". According to this curve, the explosion risk value generated by the petrochemical plant to the surrounding buildings and each wall can be directly read. The above method can quantify the consequences of explosion loads on buildings, and can screen out acceptable explosion loads with the maximum explosion risk value as anti-explosion fortification loads, taking into account both the "acceptability" of building anti-explosion fortification loads and the "most dangerous consequences" within an acceptable range, ensuring a reasonable anti-explosion safety reserve for buildings, and complying with the principles of economic rationality, safety and reliability. The method disclosed in the present invention is theoretically reliable, has clear steps, and is more operable and popularizable.

[0118] Embodiment 2

[0119] An explosion-proof fortification load assessment system is used to assess buildings affected by petrochemical plants, including:

[0120] A selection module for determining a leaking unit in the petrochemical plant;

[0121] A parameter acquisition module, for acquiring the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit;

[0122] The screening module is used to: screen according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building; and screen the acceptable explosion loads to use the acceptable explosion load with the maximum explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads as the anti-explosion fortification load.

[0123] In some embodiments of the present invention, the determining of the leakage unit in the petrochemical device includes: performing a system leakage risk analysis on the petrochemical device to identify the leakage unit with leakage risk in the petrochemical device.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of obtaining the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit includes:

[0125] The device parameters related to the leakage unit itself are obtained, and the device parameters are used to calculate the explosion load and the explosion frequency value of the leakage unit.

[0126] In some embodiments of the present invention, the explosion load includes an explosion overpressure value and a positive pressure action time; and the step of calculating the explosion load of the leakage unit includes:

[0127] The explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit are calculated according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model.

[0128] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of calculating the explosion overpressure value of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model includes:

[0129] Calculate the cloud volume when the leakage unit explodes;

[0130] Calculating the explosion energy of the cloud according to the volume of the cloud;

[0131] Calculate the analog distance according to the explosion energy of the cloud and the effective distance between the center of the cloud and the center / wall of the building;

[0132] determining a dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure according to the analogous distance;

[0133] The explosion overpressure value is determined according to the dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure.

[0134] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculating the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model includes:

[0135] The positive pressure action time is calculated according to the following formula:

[0136] T p =t p '×(E v / p0) 1 / 3 / a a

[0137] Among them, T p is the positive pressure action time, t p ' is the dimensionless positive duration, a a is the speed of sound in air, E v is the explosion energy of the cloud, and p0 is the ambient atmospheric pressure.

[0138] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of obtaining the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit includes:

[0139] Calculate the leakage frequency of the leakage unit, the wind direction frequency at the location, and the ignition probability;

[0140] The product of the leakage frequency, the wind direction frequency, and the ignition probability is calculated to obtain the explosion occurrence frequency value.

[0141] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage unit includes:

[0142] Classify the leakage aperture types according to the leakage aperture size; and calculate the leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit.

[0143] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit includes:

[0144] The leakage frequency is calculated according to the following formula:

[0145] F(d)=Cd m (1+aD n )+F rup ;

[0146] Wherein, C, a, m and n are constants corresponding to the leakage aperture type;

[0147] d is the reference leakage aperture;

[0148] F(d) is the leakage frequency value when the leakage aperture is greater than or equal to d, that is, the explosion frequency value;

[0149] D is the inner diameter of the leakage aperture;

[0150] F rup is the frequency of rupture of the pipeline connected to the container in the leakage unit.

[0151] In some embodiments of the present invention, the explosion load includes an explosion overpressure value and a positive pressure action time; the screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes:

[0152] Sort the explosion loads corresponding to the buildings according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values;

[0153] Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency;

[0154] The cumulative frequencies are screened to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

[0155] In some embodiments of the present invention, the explosion load includes an explosion overpressure value and a positive pressure action time; the screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes:

[0156] sorting the explosion loads corresponding to the walls of the building according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values;

[0157] Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads respectively to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency;

[0158] The cumulative frequencies are screened respectively to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

[0159] In some embodiments of the present invention, the acceptable explosion loads are screened, and the acceptable explosion load with the maximum explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads is used as the anti-explosion fortification load, including: calculating the explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load, and screening the acceptable explosion load with the maximum explosion risk value as the anti-explosion fortification load.

[0160] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculation of the explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load includes: integrating the corresponding explosion overpressure value, the positive pressure action time, and the explosion occurrence frequency value to obtain the explosion risk value.

[0161] This embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the technical solution disclosed in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0162] Embodiment 3

[0163] The present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the anti-explosion fortification load assessment method described in the first embodiment.

[0164] This embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the technical solution disclosed in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0165] Embodiment 4

[0166] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment discloses a specific process of anti-blast fortification load assessment, which specifically includes:

[0167] S1: Divide the petrochemical plant into leakage units and select the leakage aperture, which can be determined based on the system risk analysis conclusions of the petrochemical plant, material characteristics and total mass, explosion source identification, and operating parameters such as pressure, temperature and pipe diameter.

[0168] S2: Calculate the explosion frequency and explosion load of each leakage unit, where the explosion frequency is determined by multiplying the leakage frequency, the meteorological (wind direction) frequency and the ignition probability; the explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure duration, which can be obtained by TNO multi-energy model calculation. DNV Phast can be used to assist in the calculation process.

[0169] S3: The explosion frequency is accumulated to obtain a cumulative explosion frequency curve. According to the first principle of "acceptability", the explosion load corresponding to the cumulative frequency between 1E-5 and 1E-4 is screened out, which is the acceptable explosion load.

[0170] S4: Based on the principle of "risk maximization", each acceptable explosion load is screened again to obtain the only acceptable explosion load with the maximum explosion risk value. Its corresponding explosion overpressure value and positive pressure duration are the anti-explosion fortification load.

[0171] The optional implementation modes of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above implementation modes. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0172] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0173] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned embodiment method can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0174] In addition, various implementations of the embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification loads, which is used to evaluate buildings affected by petrochemical plants, and is characterized in that: include: Determining a leaking unit in the petrochemical plant; Obtaining the explosion load and explosion frequency value corresponding to the leakage unit; The explosion load is screened according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building; wherein the acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building is an explosion load that can be used as an anti-explosion fortification load; Screening the acceptable explosion loads, and taking the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads as the anti-explosion fortification load; Wherein, the step of determining the leakage unit in the petrochemical device comprises: Performing a system leakage risk analysis on the petrochemical device to identify the leakage units with leakage risks in the petrochemical device; Wherein, the step of obtaining the explosion load and explosion frequency value corresponding to the leakage unit includes: Acquiring device parameters related to the leakage unit itself, wherein the device parameters are used to calculate the explosion load and the explosion frequency value of the leakage unit; The method of screening the acceptable explosion loads and taking the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads as the anti-explosion fortification load comprises: The explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load is calculated, and the acceptable explosion load with the maximum explosion risk value is selected as the anti-explosion fortification load.

2. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The calculating the explosion load of the leakage unit includes: The explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit are calculated according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model.

3. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of calculating the explosion overpressure value of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model comprises: Calculate the cloud volume when the leakage unit explodes; Calculating the explosion energy of the cloud according to the volume of the cloud; Calculate the analog distance according to the explosion energy of the cloud and the effective distance between the center of the cloud and the center / wall of the building; determining a dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure according to the analogous distance; The explosion overpressure value is determined according to the dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure.

4. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculating the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model comprises: The positive pressure action time is calculated according to the following formula: T p =t p ’×(E v / p0) 1 / 3 / a a Among them, T p is the positive pressure action time, t p ' is the dimensionless positive duration, a a is the speed of sound in air, E v is the explosion energy of the cloud, and p0 is the ambient atmospheric pressure.

5. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the explosion occurrence frequency value of the leakage unit includes: Calculate the leakage frequency of the leakage unit, the wind direction frequency at the location, and the ignition probability; The product of the leakage frequency, the wind direction frequency, and the ignition probability is calculated to obtain the explosion occurrence frequency value.

6. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage unit includes: Classify the leakage aperture types according to the size of the leakage aperture; The leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit is calculated.

7. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit includes: The leakage frequency is calculated according to the following formula: F(d)=Cd m (1+aD n )+F rup ; Wherein, C, a, m and n are constants corresponding to the leakage aperture type; d is the reference leakage aperture; F(d) is the leakage frequency value when the leakage aperture is greater than or equal to d, that is, the explosion frequency value; D is the inner diameter of the leakage aperture; F rup is the frequency of rupture of the pipeline connected to the container in the leakage unit.

8. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The method of screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes: Sort the explosion loads corresponding to the buildings according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values; Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency; The cumulative frequencies are screened to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

9. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The method of screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes: sorting the explosion loads corresponding to the walls of the building according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values; Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads respectively to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency; The cumulative frequencies are screened respectively to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

10. The method for evaluating explosion-proof fortification load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The calculating the explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load comprises: The corresponding explosion overpressure value, the positive pressure action time, and the explosion frequency value are integrated to obtain the explosion risk value.

11. An explosion-proof fortification load assessment system, which is used to assess buildings affected by petrochemical plants, characterized in that: include: A selection module for determining a leaking unit in the petrochemical plant; A parameter acquisition module, for acquiring the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit; Screening modules for: The explosion load is screened according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building; wherein the acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building is an explosion load that can be used as an anti-explosion fortification load; and Screening the acceptable explosion loads, and taking the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads as the anti-explosion fortification load; Wherein, the step of determining the leakage unit in the petrochemical device comprises: Performing a system leakage risk analysis on the petrochemical device to identify the leakage units with leakage risks in the petrochemical device; Wherein, the step of obtaining the explosion load and explosion frequency value corresponding to the leakage unit includes: Acquiring device parameters related to the leakage unit itself, wherein the device parameters are used to calculate the explosion load and the explosion frequency value of the leakage unit; The method of screening the acceptable explosion loads and taking the acceptable explosion load with the greatest explosion risk among the acceptable explosion loads as the anti-explosion fortification load comprises: The explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load is calculated, and the acceptable explosion load with the maximum explosion risk value is selected as the anti-explosion fortification load.

12. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The calculating the explosion load of the leakage unit includes: The explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit are calculated according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model.

13. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The step of calculating the explosion overpressure value of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model comprises: Calculate the cloud volume when the leakage unit explodes; Calculating the explosion energy of the cloud according to the volume of the cloud; Calculate the analog distance according to the explosion energy of the cloud and the effective distance between the center of the cloud and the center / wall of the building; determining a dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure according to the analogous distance; The explosion overpressure value is determined according to the dimensionless maximum lateral overpressure.

14. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The calculating the positive pressure action time of the leakage unit according to the TNO multi-energy explosion model comprises: The positive pressure action time is calculated according to the following formula: T p =t p ’×(E v / p0) 1 / 3 / a a Among them, T p is the positive pressure action time, t p ' is the dimensionless positive duration, a a is the speed of sound in air, E v is the explosion energy of the cloud, and p0 is the ambient atmospheric pressure.

15. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The obtaining of the explosion load and explosion frequency value of the leakage unit includes: Calculate the leakage frequency of the leakage unit, the wind direction frequency at the location, and the ignition probability; The product of the leakage frequency, the wind direction frequency, and the ignition probability is calculated to obtain the explosion occurrence frequency value.

16. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage unit includes: Classify the leakage aperture types according to the size of the leakage aperture; The leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit is calculated.

17. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The calculating the leakage frequency of the leakage aperture type corresponding to the leakage unit includes: The leakage frequency is calculated according to the following formula: F(d)=Cd m (1+aD n )+F rup ; Wherein, C, a, m and n are constants corresponding to the leakage aperture type; d is the reference leakage aperture; F(d) is the leakage frequency value when the leakage aperture is greater than or equal to d, that is, the explosion frequency value; D is the inner diameter of the leakage aperture; F rup is the frequency of rupture of the pipeline connected to the container in the leakage unit.

18. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The method of screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes: Sort the explosion loads corresponding to the buildings according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values; Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency; The cumulative frequencies are screened to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

19. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The method of screening according to the explosion frequency value to obtain an acceptable explosion load whose explosion risk can be accepted by the building includes: sorting the explosion loads corresponding to the walls of the building according to the magnitude of the explosion overpressure values; Accumulating the explosion frequency values ​​corresponding to the sorted explosion loads respectively to obtain the cumulative frequency and the corresponding relationship between the explosion overpressure value and the cumulative frequency; The cumulative frequencies are screened respectively to obtain the cumulative frequencies and corresponding explosion overpressure values ​​within a preset frequency range.

20. The explosion-proof fortification load assessment system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The explosion load includes the explosion overpressure value and the positive pressure action time; The calculating the explosion risk value corresponding to the acceptable explosion load comprises: The corresponding explosion overpressure value, the positive pressure action time, and the explosion frequency value are integrated to obtain the explosion risk value.

21. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the explosion-resistant fortification load assessment method described in any one of claims 1-10.

Images