A double cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling

Abstract

The application discloses a double cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling processing, which comprises a machine tool body (1), two groups of three-dimensional movement assemblies are arranged on the machine tool body (1), a laser cutting head (41) is arranged on a Z-axis movement assembly (3) of one group of three-dimensional movement assemblies, and a milling cutter (56) is arranged on a Z-axis movement assembly (3) of the other group of three-dimensional movement assemblies; or a composite processing assembly (6) comprising a laser cutting head assembly (4) and a milling cutter assembly (5) is arranged on the Z-axis movement assembly (3) of any one group of three-dimensional movement assemblies, the laser cutting head assembly (4) and the milling cutter assembly (5) are both mounted on a composite machine base (61), and the composite machine base (61) is mounted on the Z-axis movement assembly (3); at this time, the milling cutter (56) in the milling cutter assembly (5) can move vertically up and down relative to the composite machine base (61). The double cantilever machine tool can realize rapid, efficient and accurate processing of workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser and milling technology, specifically a double cantilever machine tool that integrates laser cutting and milling. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of lightweight product technology, various industries are using more and more thin-walled products such as aluminum alloy profiles and molded parts, and the demand for secondary processing of these products is also increasing. At present, secondary processing of these products is mainly achieved by laser cutting or milling. Laser cutting has the advantages of high processing accuracy and efficiency, but it has certain limitations in processing product features. For example, lasers cannot process features such as reinforcing ribs and chamfers, and the surface quality of the cut is poor, which affects the applicability of the entire laser processing equipment. On the other hand, milling equipment can well process features such as reinforcing ribs and chamfers. At the same time, milling precision machining can also obtain better surface quality. However, the processing efficiency of milling is generally low, which is difficult to meet the requirements of modern production lines for high-efficiency production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by providing a double cantilever machine tool that integrates laser cutting and milling. This cantilever machine tool combines the laser cutting head and the milling electric spindle on the same cantilever or sets them on different cantilevers to improve the machining accuracy, machining efficiency and surface quality of the workpiece.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling, comprising a machine tool body, characterized in that: the machine tool body is provided with two sets of three-dimensional motion components, one set of three-dimensional motion components has a laser cutting head on its Z-axis motion component and the other set of three-dimensional motion components has a milling cutter on its Z-axis motion component; or, a composite machining component is provided on the Z-axis motion component of either set of three-dimensional motion components, the composite machining component including a laser cutting head assembly and a milling cutter assembly, both the laser cutting head assembly and the milling cutter assembly are mounted on a composite machine base and the composite machine base is mounted on the Z-axis motion component, in which case the milling cutter in the milling cutter assembly can move vertically up and down relative to the composite machine base, so that the lowest point of the milling cutter tip can be higher than or lower than the lowest point of the laser cutting head.

[0005] The composite base adopts a T-shaped plate. The laser cutting head assembly is fixed on the outer side of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate, the milling cutter assembly is fixed on the side wall of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate, and the other side wall of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate is mounted on the Z-axis motion assembly.

[0006] The laser cutting head assembly includes a laser cutting head and a cutting head mounting plate, wherein the cutting head mounting plate is mounted on the composite machine base and the laser cutting head is mounted on the cutting head mounting plate.

[0007] The milling cutter assembly includes an L-shaped mounting plate, a milling cutter cylinder, and a milling cutter. The outer side of the L-shaped mounting plate is fixed to the composite machine base. The milling cutter cylinder is mounted on the horizontal top plate of the L-shaped mounting plate, and the telescopic rod of the milling cutter cylinder passes downward through the horizontal top plate to connect to the milling cutter. Under the action of the milling cutter cylinder, the milling cutter can move vertically up and down relative to the composite machine base.

[0008] The milling cutter assembly further includes a linear guide rail, a milling cutter slider, and a milling cutter mounting plate. A linear guide rail is provided on the inner side of the L-shaped mounting plate. The milling cutter slider, which is fitted with the linear guide rail, is fixed on the outer side of the milling cutter mounting plate. A milling cutter is fixed on the inner side of the milling cutter mounting plate. The top of the milling cutter mounting plate is fixed to the lower end of the telescopic rod of the milling cutter cylinder.

[0009] The laser cutting head is directly mounted on the corresponding Z-axis motion component via a corresponding cutting head mounting plate, and the milling cutter is directly mounted on the corresponding Z-axis motion component via a corresponding milling cutter mounting plate.

[0010] Each set of three-dimensional motion components includes an X-axis motion component, a Y-axis motion component, and a Z-axis motion component. The X-axis motion component is mounted on the machine tool body, the Y-axis motion component is mounted on the cantilever and the cantilever is slidably connected to the corresponding X-axis motion component, and the Z-axis motion component is slidably connected to the Y-axis motion component. A corresponding laser cutting head, a corresponding milling cutter, or a corresponding composite machining component is connected to the Z-axis motion component.

[0011] Each X-axis motion assembly includes an X-axis drive motor and a corresponding rack and pinion transmission assembly. The rack in the rack and pinion transmission assembly is mounted on the machine tool body, the X-axis drive motor is mounted on the cantilever base plate of the cantilever corresponding to the X-axis motion assembly, and the gear in the rack and pinion transmission assembly is mounted on the drive shaft of the X-axis drive motor. The X-axis motion assembly also includes an X-axis linear guide parallel to the rack. The X-axis linear guide is located beside or on both sides of the rack in the X-axis motion assembly, and an X-axis slider that is fitted and connected to the X-axis linear guide is provided at the bottom of the corresponding cantilever base plate.

[0012] Each X-axis motion assembly is equipped with an X-axis limiting device, which includes an X-axis travel switch and a corresponding X-axis limiting block. The X-axis travel switch is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cantilever base plate of the cantilever corresponding to the X-axis motion assembly. The cantilever base plate can drive the X-axis travel switch to reciprocate along the X-axis linear guide. The X-axis limiting block is fixedly installed on the sides of both ends of the corresponding X-axis linear guide via an X-axis limiting block mounting seat, and is used to mark the origin and limit positions of the corresponding cantilever along the X-axis linear guide.

[0013] The machine tool body is provided with an X-axis protective cover covering the X-axis linear guide rail in the X-axis motion assembly. The fixed ends of the X-axis protective cover are fixedly installed on the outer sides of both ends of the X-axis linear guide rail, and the free ends are respectively connected to the corresponding sides of the cantilever base plate of the corresponding cantilever.

[0014] Each cantilever includes a cantilever base plate and a cantilever beam. The cantilever base plate is slidably mounted on the corresponding X-axis motion component, and the cantilever beam is fixedly mounted on the cantilever base plate. The Y-axis motion component is located on one side of the cantilever beam. The Y-axis motion component includes a Y-axis drive motor, a Y-axis lead screw transmission component, a Y-axis linear guide, and a Y-axis slider. The lead screw in the Y-axis drive motor and the Y-axis lead screw transmission component is mounted on the cantilever beam, and the Y-axis drive motor can drive the lead screw to rotate. The nut in the Y-axis lead screw transmission component is fixed to the back of the Z-axis mounting plate of the Z-axis motion component, and the back of the Z-axis mounting plate is also provided with a Y-axis slider that is fitted and connected to the Y-axis linear guide. The Y-axis linear guide, which is parallel to the lead screw, is located on the cantilever beam on one or both sides of the lead screw.

[0015] The Y-axis motion component includes a Y-axis limiting device, which includes a Y-axis travel switch and a corresponding Y-axis limiting block. The Y-axis travel switch is fixedly installed on the Z-axis mounting plate in the Z-axis motion component. The Z-axis motion component can drive the Y-axis travel switch to reciprocate along the Y-axis linear guide. The Y-axis limiting block is fixedly installed on the sides of both ends of the Y-axis linear guide via a Y-axis limiting block mounting seat, and is used to mark the origin and limit positions of the Z-axis motion component along the Y-axis linear guide.

[0016] The cantilever beam is equipped with a Y-axis protective cover for the Y-axis linear guide rail in the Y-axis motion assembly. The fixed ends of the Y-axis protective cover are fixedly installed on the outer sides of both ends of the Y-axis linear guide rail, and the free ends are connected to both sides of the Z-axis mounting plate.

[0017] The Z-axis motion assembly includes a Z-axis drive motor, a Z-axis linear module, a Z-axis mounting plate, and an adapter plate. The Z-axis mounting plate is mounted on the Y-axis motion assembly, and the Z-axis linear module is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis mounting plate. The Z-axis drive motor is located above the Z-axis linear module, and the drive shaft of the Z-axis drive motor is connected to the Z-axis lead screw in the Z-axis linear module. A Z-axis nut is located on the Z-axis lead screw, and the adapter plate is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis nut. The adapter plate is used to fix and mount a composite machine base, a laser cutting head, or a milling cutter. Under the action of the Z-axis drive motor, the composite machine base, the laser cutting head, or the milling cutter can move vertically up and down relative to the Z-axis mounting plate.

[0018] A sensing plate is provided on one side of the adapter plate, and a U-shaped photoelectric switch that works with the sensing plate is fixedly installed on the outer frame of the Z-axis linear module. The sensing plate and the U-shaped photoelectric switch work together to confirm the running position of the Z-axis nut.

[0019] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: The double cantilever machine tool of the present invention effectively combines the advantages of laser cutting and milling by combining the laser cutting head and the milling electric spindle on the same cantilever or setting them on different cantilevers. This improves the machining accuracy, efficiency and surface quality of the workpiece, enabling fast, efficient and precise machining of the workpiece. At the same time, it can also ensure that difficult-to-machine features such as reinforcing ribs and chamfers can be precisely machined, significantly improving the applicability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Appendix Figure 1 This is an isometric view of one of the double cantilever machine tools of the present invention; Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 Top view; Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 Axonometric drawing of the assembly of the cantilever, Z-axis motion component and laser cutting head; Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 1 Axonometric view of the assembly of the cantilever, Z-axis motion component and milling cutter; Appendix Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the second type of double cantilever machine tool of the present invention; Appendix Figure 6 For the appendix Figure 5 Top view; Appendix Figure 7 For the appendix Figure 5 Axonometric view of the composite machining components in the image; Appendix Figure 8 For the appendix Figure 5 Axonometric drawing of the assembly of the Z-axis motion component and the composite machining component; Appendix Figure 9 This is an isometric view of the milling cutter assembly of the present invention; Appendix Figure 10 This is a left view of the milling cutter assembly of the present invention; Appendix Figure 11 This is an enlarged view of the cantilever isometric view and the Y-axis limiting block portion of the present invention; Appendix Figure 12 This is a top view of the cantilever and an enlarged view of the X-axis travel switch portion of the present invention; Appendix Figure 13 This is an isometric view of the Z-axis motion component of the present invention and an enlarged view of the combined portion of the sensing plate and the U-shaped photoelectric switch; Appendix Figure 14 This is a front view of the Z-axis motion component of the present invention; Appendix Figure 15 This is an isometric view of the back of the Z-axis motion component of the present invention.

[0021] Wherein: 1—Machine tool body; 11—X-axis drive motor; 12—Gear and rack transmission assembly; 13—X-axis linear guide; 14—X-axis slider; 15—X-axis limit device; 151—X-axis limit switch; 152—X-axis limit block; 153—X-axis limit block mounting base; 16—X-axis protective cover; 2—Cantilever; 21—Cantilever base plate; 22—Cantilever beam; 23—Y-axis drive motor; 24—Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly; 25—Y-axis linear guide; 26—Y-axis slider; 27—Y-axis limit device; 271—Y-axis limit switch; 272—Y-axis limit block; 273—Y-axis limit block mounting base; 28—Y-axis protective cover; 3—Z-axis Motion components; 31—Z-axis drive motor; 32—Z-axis linear module; 321—Z-axis nut; 322—Z-axis lead screw; 33—Z-axis mounting plate; 34—Adapter plate; 341—Induction plate; 342—U-shaped photoelectric switch; 342a—Upper U-shaped photoelectric switch; 342b—Middle U-shaped photoelectric switch; 342c—Lower U-shaped photoelectric switch; 4—Laser cutting assembly; 41—Laser cutting head; 42—Cutting head mounting plate; 5—Milling cutter assembly; 51—L-shaped mounting plate; 52—Linear guide rail; 53—Milling cutter slider; 54—Milling cutter cylinder; 55—Milling cutter mounting plate; 56—Milling cutter; 6—Composite machining assembly; 61—Composite machine base. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1-4As shown in Figures 11-15: A double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling includes a machine tool body 1. Two sets of three-dimensional motion components are provided on the machine tool body 1. The three-dimensional motion components include an X-axis motion component, a Y-axis motion component, and a Z-axis motion component. The X-axis motion component is mounted on the machine tool body 1, the Y-axis motion component is mounted on the cantilever 2 and the cantilever 2 is slidably connected to the X-axis motion component, and the Z-axis motion component 3 is slidably connected to the Y-axis motion component. A laser cutting head 41 is provided on the Z-axis motion component 3 of one set of three-dimensional motion components, and a milling cutter 56 is provided on the Z-axis motion component 3 of the other set of three-dimensional motion components. At this time, the laser cutting head 41 is directly mounted on the corresponding Z-axis motion component 3 through a corresponding cutting head mounting plate 42, and the milling cutter 56 is directly mounted on the corresponding Z-axis motion component 3 through a corresponding milling cutter mounting plate 55. In use, the laser cutting head 41 and the milling cutter 56 perform three-dimensional processing on the workpiece under the drive of the three-dimensional motion component. The laser cutting head 41 can quickly remove a large amount of processing residue, and then the milling cutter 56 performs milling finishing on the workpiece. This forms an advantageous combination of high-efficiency laser cutting and precise milling, achieving precise and efficient processing of the workpiece.

[0024] Based on the above structure, when direction adjustment is required, the cutting head mounting plate 42 can be fixed to the Z-axis motion component 3 of the three-dimensional motion component via the composite base 61 or a similar mechanism capable of adjusting the mounting angle. In this case, the composite base 61 is used as a steering plate (e.g., Figure 3 (As shown); Similarly, the milling cutter mounting plate 55 can be fixed to the Z-axis motion component 3 of the three-dimensional motion component via the composite base 61 or a similar mechanism capable of adjusting the mounting angle. In this case, the composite base 61 is used as a steering plate (e.g. Figure 4 (As shown).

[0025] like Figure 5-15 As shown: A double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling, comprising a machine body 1, on which two sets of three-dimensional motion components are provided. A composite machining component 6 is provided on the Z-axis motion component 3 of either set of three-dimensional motion components. The composite machining component 6 includes a laser cutting head assembly 4 and a milling cutter assembly 5. Both the laser cutting head assembly 4 and the milling cutter assembly 5 are mounted on a composite base 61, which is mounted on the Z-axis motion component 3. The milling cutter 56 in the milling cutter assembly 5 can move vertically up and down relative to the composite base 61, allowing the lowest point of the milling cutter 56 to be either higher or lower than the lowest point of the laser cutting head 41. In use, the composite machining component 4 performs three-dimensional machining on the workpiece under the drive of the three-dimensional motion components. The laser cutting 41 can quickly remove a large amount of machining residue, and then the milling cutter 5 performs milling finishing on the workpiece, thus forming an advantageous combination of efficient laser cutting and precise milling, achieving precise and efficient machining of the workpiece.

[0026] like Figure 5-8 As shown, the composite machining component 6 includes a laser cutting component 4 and a milling cutter component 5. The laser cutting component 4 and the milling cutter component 5 are assembled together via a composite base 61. The composite base 61 is further connected to the Z-axis nut 321 of the Z-axis linear module 32 via an adapter plate 34, thereby achieving a sliding connection between the composite machining component 6 and the Z-axis motion component 3. The Z-axis drive motor 31 drives the composite machining component 6 to reciprocate along the Z-axis lead screw 322 of the Z-axis linear module 32 via the Z-axis linear module 32. The composite machining component 6, through its sequential sliding connection with the corresponding Z-axis motion component, Y-axis motion component, and X-axis motion component, forms a three-axis linkage operating system. That is, the composite machining component 6, carried by the X-axis motion component, Y-axis motion component, and Z-axis motion component, performs linear motion in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions respectively. Thus, under the combined drive of the X-axis motion component, Y-axis motion component, and Z-axis motion component, the composite machining component 6 can perform three-dimensional combined machining of the workpiece within the space defined by the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis motion strokes.

[0027] like Figure 5-8 As shown, the composite base 61 adopts a T-shaped plate. The laser cutting head assembly 4 is fixed to the outer side of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate, the milling cutter assembly 5 is fixed to the side wall of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate, and the other side wall of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate is mounted on the Z-axis motion assembly 3. The laser cutting head assembly 4 includes a laser cutting head 41 and a cutting head mounting plate 42. The cutting head mounting plate 42 is mounted on the composite base 61, and the laser cutting head 41 is mounted on the cutting head mounting plate 42. The cutting head mounting plate 42 is connected to the adapter plate 34 of the Z-axis motion assembly 3 through the composite base 61, thereby realizing the connection between the laser cutting head 41 and the Z-axis motion assembly 3. The Z-axis motion assembly 3 drives the laser cutting head 41 to run through the adapter plate 34, the composite base 61, and the cutting head mounting plate 42 in sequence.

[0028] like Figure 5-10As shown, the milling cutter assembly 5 is connected to the adapter plate 34 of the Z-axis motion assembly 3 in sequence through the L-shaped mounting plate 51 and the composite base 61, thereby realizing the connection between the milling cutter assembly 5 and the Z-axis motion assembly 3. The Z-axis motion assembly 3 drives the milling cutter assembly 5 to run through the adapter plate 34 and the composite base 61. Specifically, the milling cutter assembly 5 includes an L-shaped mounting plate 51, a linear guide rail 52, a milling cutter slider 53, a milling cutter cylinder 54, a milling cutter mounting plate 55, and a milling cutter 56. The outer side of the L-shaped mounting plate 51 is fixed to the composite machine base 61. The linear guide rail 52 is set on the inner side of the L-shaped mounting plate 51 and is parallel to the Z-axis lead screw 322 in the Z-axis linear module 32. The milling cutter slider 53, which is fitted with the linear guide rail 52, is fixed on the outer side of the milling cutter mounting plate 55. The milling cutter 56 is fixed on the inner side of the milling cutter mounting plate 55. The milling cutter cylinder 54 is mounted on the horizontal top plate of the L-shaped mounting plate 51, and the telescopic rod of the milling cutter cylinder 54 passes downward through the horizontal top plate and connects to the milling cutter mounting plate 55. Under the action of the milling cutter cylinder 54, the milling cutter 35 can move vertically up and down relative to the composite machine base 61.

[0029] In the double cantilever machine tool provided by the present invention, the Z-axis nut 321 of the Z-axis linear module 32 is connected in sequence through the adapter plate 34, the composite base 61 and the L-shaped mounting plate 51, which drives the milling cutter assembly 5 to run synchronously with the Z-axis nut 321 of the Z-axis linear module 32. At the same time, the milling cutter 56 can also run independently along the linear guide rail 52 in the milling cutter assembly 5 under the drive of the milling cutter cylinder 54.

[0030] like Figure 1-2As shown in Figures 5-6 and 11-12: Two sets of X-axis motion components are arranged on the upper surface of the machine tool body 1. The X-axis motion components include an X-axis drive motor 11, a gear and rack transmission assembly 12, an X-axis linear guide rail 13, an X-axis slider 14, an X-axis limiting device 15, and an X-axis protective cover 16. The rack in the gear and rack transmission assembly 12, the X-axis linear guide rail 13, and part of the X-axis protective cover 16 can be shared. The rack in the gear and rack transmission assembly 12 is arranged on the machine tool body 1. An X-axis linear guide rail 13 is provided on one side (used alone) or both sides (used together) of the rack on the machine tool body 1. The X-axis drive motor 11 is arranged on the cantilever base plate 21 of the cantilever 2, and the gear in the gear and rack transmission assembly 12 is mounted on the drive shaft of the X-axis drive motor 11. An X-axis slider 14 that is engaged and connected with the X-axis linear guide rail 13 is also provided on the cantilever base plate 21. The X-axis limiting device 15 includes an X-axis travel switch 151 and a corresponding X-axis limiting block 152. The X-axis travel switch 151 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cantilever base plate 21, and the cantilever base plate 21 can drive the X-axis travel switch 151 to reciprocate along the X-axis linear guide rail 13. There are two X-axis limiting blocks 152, both of which are fixedly installed on the sides of both ends of the X-axis linear guide rail 13 through X-axis limiting block mounting bases 153, and are used to mark the origin position and limit position of the cantilever 2 running along the X-axis linear guide rail 13. The output of the X-axis travel switch 151 is connected to the programmable controller. When the cantilever 2 drives the X-axis travel switch 151 to the origin or limit position of the X-axis limit block 152, the contact on the X-axis travel switch 151 touches the X-axis limit block 152, and the X-axis travel switch 151 immediately sends a position confirmation signal to the programmable controller to confirm that the cantilever 2 has reached the origin or limit position. It should be noted that the X-axis limit device 15 in any X-axis motion assembly is set independently.

[0031] like Figure 1-2As shown in Figures 5-6: To protect the machine tool, an X-axis protective cover 16 is installed on the upper surface of the machine tool body 1 to cover the area where the X-axis linear guide 13 is located, preventing dust or other foreign objects from entering the area where the X-axis linear guide 13 is located and affecting the stable operation of the cantilever 2 on the X-axis linear guide 13. The X-axis protective cover 16 is a foldable telescopic protective cover. The width of the X-axis protective cover 16 remains unchanged, while its length can be extended or retracted according to the length of the protection distance. There are three X-axis protective covers 16, two of which have one fixed end and the other free end, and the third X-axis protective cover has both free ends. The X-axis protective covers 16 are respectively installed on the two sides of the cantilever base plate 21. Above the X-axis linear guide 13 on the side, the area where the X-axis linear guide 13 is located can be completely covered. The fixed ends of the two X-axis protective covers 16 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer sides of both ends of the X-axis linear guide 13, and the free ends are respectively connected to the corresponding sides of the corresponding cantilever base plate 21. The two ends of the third X-axis protective cover 16 are respectively connected to the corresponding sides of the corresponding cantilever base plate 21. When the cantilever base plate 21 moves back and forth on the X-axis linear guide 13, the X-axis protective covers 16 on both sides will extend or retract with the position change of the cantilever base plate 21, ensuring that the X-axis linear guide 13 is always under the X-axis protective cover 16 and protected by the X-axis protective cover 16 during the continuous change of position of the cantilever 2 on the X-axis linear guide 13.

[0032] like Figure 1-2As shown in Figures 5-6, 11-12, and 15, the cantilever 2 includes a cantilever base plate 21 and a cantilever beam 22. The cantilever beam 22 is fixedly mounted on the cantilever base plate 21. The Y-axis motion assembly is located on one side of the cantilever beam 22. The Y-axis motion assembly includes a Y-axis drive motor 23, a Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly 24, a Y-axis linear guide rail 25, a Y-axis slider 26, a Y-axis limiting device 27, and a Y-axis protective cover 28. The lead screw in the Y-axis drive motor 23 and the Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly 24 is mounted on the cantilever beam 22, and the Y-axis drive motor 23 can drive the lead screw to rotate. The nut in the Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly 24 is fixed to the back of the Z-axis mounting plate 33 of the Z-axis motion assembly 3, and the back of the Z-axis mounting plate 33 is also provided with a Y-axis slider 26 that is fitted and connected to the Y-axis linear guide rail 25. The Y-axis linear guide rail 25, which is parallel to the lead screw, is located on one or both sides of the cantilever beam 22. The Y-axis limit device 27 includes a Y-axis travel switch 271 and a corresponding Y-axis limit block 272. The Y-axis travel switch 271 is fixedly installed on the Z-axis mounting plate 33 in the Z-axis motion assembly 3. The Z-axis motion assembly 3 can drive the Y-axis travel switch 271 to reciprocate along the Y-axis linear guide 25. There are two Y-axis limit blocks 272, both of which are fixedly installed on the sides of both ends of the Y-axis linear guide 25 through Y-axis limit block mounting seats 273. They are used to mark the origin and limit positions of the Z-axis motion assembly 3 along the Y-axis linear guide 25. The output end of the Y-axis travel switch 271 is connected to the programmable controller. When the Z-axis motion assembly 3 drives the Y-axis travel switch 271 to the origin or limit position of the Y-axis limit block 272, the contact on the Y-axis travel switch 271 touches the Y-axis limit block 272. At that time, the Y-axis travel switch 271 sends a position confirmation signal to the programmable controller to confirm that the Z-axis motion assembly 3 has reached the origin or limit position.

[0033] like Figure 11As shown: The Y-axis protective cover 28 is set on one side of the cantilever beam 22 to cover the area where the Y-axis linear guide 25 is located, preventing dust or other foreign objects from entering the area where the Y-axis linear guide 25 is located and affecting the stable operation of the Z-axis motion component 3 on the Y-axis linear guide 25. The Y-axis protective cover 28 is a foldable telescopic protective cover. The width of the Y-axis protective cover 28 remains constant, while its length can extend or retract depending on the length of the protection distance. One end of the Y-axis protective cover 28 is a fixed end, and the other end is a free end. There are two Y-axis protective covers 28, which are respectively set above the Y-axis linear guides 25 on both sides of the Z-axis mounting plate 33 and can completely cover the area where the Y-axis linear guides 25 are located. The fixed ends of the two Y-axis protective covers 28 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer sides of both ends of the Y-axis linear guides 25, and the free ends are respectively connected to both sides of the Z-axis mounting plate 33. When the Z-axis mounting plate 33 moves back and forth on the Y-axis linear guides 25, the Y-axis protective covers 28 on both sides will extend or retract with the position change of the Z-axis mounting plate 33, ensuring that the Y-axis linear guides 25 are always inside the Y-axis protective cover 28 and protected by the Y-axis protective cover 28 as the position of the Z-axis mounting plate 33 on the Y-axis linear guides 25 changes continuously.

[0034] like Figure 1-6 As shown in Figures 8 and 13-15: The Z-axis motion assembly 3 includes a Z-axis drive motor 31, a Z-axis linear module 32, a Z-axis mounting plate 33, and an adapter plate 34. The Y-axis slider 26 on the back of the Z-axis mounting plate 33 is slidably connected to the Y-axis linear guide rail 25. The nut in the Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly 24 on the back of the Z-axis mounting plate 33 is threadedly connected to the lead screw in the Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly 24 on the cantilever beam 22. The Y-axis drive motor 23 drives the Z-axis motion assembly 3 to reciprocate along the Y-axis linear guide rail 25 via the Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly 24. Z-axis linear module 32 is fixedly mounted on Z-axis mounting plate 33. A Z-axis drive motor 31 is positioned above the Z-axis linear module 32. The Z-axis drive motor 31 drives the Z-axis nut 321 to reciprocate on the Z-axis lead screw 322 of the Z-axis linear module 32. An adapter plate 34 is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis nut 321, and a composite machine base 61, a laser cutting head 41, or a milling cutter 56 is fixedly mounted on the adapter plate 34. Under the action of the Z-axis drive motor 31, the composite machine base 61, or the laser cutting head 41, can move back and forth on the Z-axis lead screw 322. The light cutting head 41 or the milling cutter 56 moves vertically up and down relative to the Z-axis mounting plate 33; a sensing plate 341 is provided on one side of the adapter plate 34, and three U-shaped photoelectric switches 342 corresponding to the sensing plate 341 are fixedly installed on the outer frame of the Z-axis linear module 32. The three U-shaped photoelectric switches 342 are arranged on the same straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the side of the Z-axis linear module 32; to enhance stability, a slide rail matching the slider at the bottom of the adapter plate 34 can also be provided on one or both sides of the Z-axis lead screw 322.

[0035] like Figure 13-14As shown, three U-shaped photoelectric switches 342 are used in conjunction with the sensing plate 341 to identify the running position of the Z-axis nut 321 in the Z-axis linear module 32. The specific identification process is as follows: the output end of the U-shaped photoelectric switch 342 is connected to the programmable controller, and the Z-axis nut 321 drives the sensing plate 341 to reciprocate along the Z-axis lead screw 322 of the Z-axis linear module 32 through the adapter plate 34. When the sensing element 341 moves to the upper U-shaped photoelectric switch 342a, the upper U-shaped photoelectric switch 342a sends a position confirmation signal to the programmable controller, confirming that the Z-axis nut 321 has moved to the upper limit position of the Z-axis linear module 32. When the sensing element 341 moves to the middle U-shaped photoelectric switch 342b, the middle U-shaped photoelectric switch 342b sends a position confirmation signal to the programmable controller, confirming that the Z-axis nut 321 has moved to the origin position. When the sensing element 341 moves to the lower U-shaped photoelectric switch 342c, the lower U-shaped photoelectric switch 342c sends a position confirmation signal to the programmable controller, confirming that the Z-axis nut 321 has moved to the lower limit position of the Z-axis linear module 32. Thus, by using the three U-shaped photoelectric switches 342 and the sensing element 341 in combination, the limit position and origin position of the Z-axis nut 321 of the Z-axis linear module 32 can be accurately identified, thereby ensuring the safe and accurate operation of the Z-axis linear module 32.

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 The double cantilever machine tool shown in Figures 11-15, which integrates laser cutting and milling, illustrates the coordinated operation steps of the laser cutting head 41 and the milling cutter 56 in actual use: (1) Position adjustment of the cantilever 2 carrying the laser cutting head 41: The cantilever 2 is controlled by the X-axis drive motor 11 to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide rail 13 to the processing station; (2) Laser cutting: Turn on the laser and use the laser cutting head 41 to perform rapid laser cutting on the workpiece, remove a large amount of excess material, and reduce the workload of the next milling process. When laser cutting, avoid features that are difficult to process by laser, such as reinforcing ribs and chamfers. At the same time, make a certain process allowance for the processing surface. The allowance size is determined according to the characteristics of the product and the processing requirements. During the processing, the X-axis motion component, Y-axis motion component and Z-axis motion component corresponding to the cantilever 2 carrying the laser cutting head 41 work together to drive the laser cutting head 41 to perform laser cutting on the workpiece. (3) Secondary position adjustment of the cantilever 2 carrying the laser cutting head 41: The cantilever 2 is controlled by the X-axis drive motor 11 to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide rail 13 to the origin position; (4) The cantilever 2 carrying the milling cutter 56 is adjusted once: the cantilever 2 is controlled by the corresponding X-axis drive motor 11 to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide 13 to the origin position; (5) Milling cutter finishing: Turn on the milling cutter 56 and use the milling cutter 56 to finish the process allowance reserved in the previous laser cutting. At the same time, the feature parts that are difficult to be processed by laser, such as reinforcing ribs and chamfers, are processed. During the processing, the X-axis motion component, Y-axis motion component and Z-axis motion component corresponding to the cantilever 2 carrying the milling cutter 56 jointly drive the milling cutter 56 to perform milling finishing on the workpiece. (6) Secondary position adjustment of the cantilever 2 carrying the milling cutter 56: The cantilever 2 is controlled by the corresponding X-axis drive motor 11 to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide 13 to the origin position.

[0037] Repeat steps (1)-(6) above until the workpiece is processed. In the initial and final states of processing, the cantilever 2 carrying the laser cutting head 41 and the cantilever 2 carrying the milling cutter 56 should both be at their respective origin positions.

[0038] The double cantilever machine tool of the present invention effectively combines the advantages of laser cutting and milling by combining the laser cutting head and the milling electric spindle on the same cantilever or setting them on different cantilevers. This improves the machining accuracy, efficiency and surface quality of the workpiece, enabling fast, efficient and precise machining of the workpiece. At the same time, it can also ensure that difficult-to-machine features such as reinforcing ribs and chamfers can be precisely machined, significantly improving the applicability of the equipment.

[0039] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention. Technologies not covered in this invention can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling, comprising a machine tool body (1), characterized in that: The machine tool body (1) is provided with two sets of three-dimensional motion components. A composite machining component (6) is provided on the Z-axis motion component (3) of any set of three-dimensional motion components. The composite machining component (6) includes a laser cutting head component (4) and a milling cutter component (5). The laser cutting head component (4) and the milling cutter component (5) are both mounted on the composite machine base (61) and the composite machine base (61) is mounted on the Z-axis motion component (3). At this time, the milling cutter (56) in the milling cutter component (5) can move vertically up and down relative to the composite machine base (61), so that the lowest point of the milling cutter (56) can be higher than or lower than the lowest point of the laser cutting head (41). The composite base (61) adopts a T-shaped plate, the laser cutting head assembly (4) is fixed on the outer side of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate, the milling cutter assembly (5) is fixed on the side wall of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate, and the other side wall of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped plate is mounted on the Z-axis motion assembly (3). Each set of three-dimensional motion components includes an X-axis motion component, a Y-axis motion component and a Z-axis motion component. The X-axis motion component is mounted on the machine tool body (1), the Y-axis motion component is mounted on the cantilever (2) and the cantilever (2) is slidably connected to the corresponding X-axis motion component, the Z-axis motion component (3) is slidably connected to the Y-axis motion component and the Z-axis motion component (3) is connected to a corresponding composite machining component (6). The Z-axis motion assembly (3) includes a Z-axis drive motor (31), a Z-axis linear module (32), a Z-axis mounting plate (33), and a transition plate (34). The Z-axis mounting plate (33) is mounted on the Y-axis motion assembly, and the Z-axis linear module (32) is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis mounting plate (33). The Z-axis drive motor (31) is located above the Z-axis linear module (32), and the drive shaft of the Z-axis drive motor (31) is connected to the Z-axis lead screw (322) in the Z-axis linear module (32). The Z-axis nut (321) is located on the Z-axis lead screw (322), and the transition plate (34) is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis nut (321). The transition plate (34) is used to fix the composite machine base (61). Under the action of the Z-axis drive motor (31), the composite machine base (61) can move vertically up and down relative to the Z-axis mounting plate (33). The laser cutting head assembly (4) includes a laser cutting head (41) and a cutting head mounting plate (42), wherein the cutting head mounting plate (42) is mounted on the composite machine base (61) and the laser cutting head (41) is mounted on the cutting head mounting plate (42); The milling cutter assembly (5) includes an L-shaped mounting plate (51), a milling cutter cylinder (54), and a milling cutter (56). The outer side of the L-shaped mounting plate (51) is fixed on the composite machine base (61). The milling cutter cylinder (54) is mounted on the horizontal top plate of the L-shaped mounting plate (51), and the telescopic rod of the milling cutter cylinder (54) passes downward through the horizontal top plate to connect to the milling cutter (56). Under the action of the milling cutter cylinder (54), the milling cutter (56) can move vertically up and down relative to the composite machine base (61). The milling cutter assembly (5) further includes a linear guide rail (52), a milling cutter slider (53), and a milling cutter mounting plate (55). The linear guide rail (52) is provided on the inner side of the L-shaped mounting plate (51). The milling cutter slider (53) is fitted with the linear guide rail (52) and fixed on the outer side of the milling cutter mounting plate (55). The milling cutter (56) is fixed on the inner side of the milling cutter mounting plate (55). The top of the milling cutter mounting plate (55) is fixed to the lower end of the telescopic rod of the milling cutter cylinder (54). The coordinated operation steps of the laser cutting head (41) and the milling cutter (56) are explained: S1. The cantilever (2) carrying the laser cutting head (41) is adjusted in one position: the cantilever (2) is controlled by the X-axis drive motor (11) to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide (13) to the processing station; S2, Laser cutting: Turn on the laser and use the laser cutting head (41) to perform rapid laser cutting on the workpiece to remove a large amount of excess material; during the processing, the X-axis motion component, Y-axis motion component and Z-axis motion component corresponding to the cantilever (2) carrying the laser cutting head (41) work together to drive the laser cutting head (41) to perform laser cutting on the workpiece. S3. Secondary position adjustment of the cantilever (2) carrying the laser cutting head (41): The cantilever (2) is controlled by the X-axis drive motor (11) to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide (13) to the origin position; S4. The cantilever (2) carrying the milling cutter (56) is adjusted once: the cantilever (2) is controlled by the corresponding X-axis drive motor (11) to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide (13) to the origin position; S5, Milling cutter finishing: Turn on the milling cutter (56) and use the milling cutter (56) to finish the process allowance reserved in the previous laser cutting. During the processing, the X-axis motion component, Y-axis motion component and Z-axis motion component corresponding to the cantilever (2) carrying the milling cutter (56) jointly drive the milling cutter (56) to perform milling finishing on the workpiece. S6. Secondary position adjustment of the cantilever (2) carrying the milling cutter (56): The cantilever (2) is controlled by the corresponding X-axis drive motor (11) to run along the corresponding X-axis linear guide (13) to the origin position; Repeat steps S1-S6 until the workpiece is processed. In the initial and final states of processing, the cantilever (2) carrying the laser cutting head (41) and the cantilever (2) carrying the milling cutter (56) should both be at their respective origin positions.

2. The double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cutting head (41) is directly mounted on the corresponding Z-axis motion assembly (3) via the corresponding cutting head mounting plate (42), and the milling cutter (56) is directly mounted on the corresponding Z-axis motion assembly (3) via the corresponding milling cutter mounting plate (55).

3. The double cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each X-axis motion assembly includes an X-axis drive motor (11) and a corresponding rack and pinion transmission assembly (12). The rack in the rack and pinion transmission assembly (12) is mounted on the machine tool body (1), the X-axis drive motor (11) is mounted on the cantilever base plate (21) of the cantilever (2) corresponding to the X-axis motion assembly, and the gear in the rack and pinion transmission assembly (12) is mounted on the drive shaft of the X-axis drive motor (11). The X-axis motion assembly also includes an X-axis linear guide (13) parallel to the rack. The X-axis linear guide (13) is mounted on the side or both sides of the rack in the X-axis motion assembly, and an X-axis slider (14) that is fitted and connected to the X-axis linear guide (13) is provided at the bottom of the corresponding cantilever base plate (21).

4. The double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Each X-axis motion assembly is equipped with an X-axis limit device (15). The X-axis limit device (15) includes an X-axis travel switch (151) and a corresponding X-axis limit block (152). The X-axis travel switch (151) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cantilever base plate (21) of the cantilever (2) corresponding to the X-axis motion assembly. The cantilever base plate (21) can drive the X-axis travel switch (151) to move back and forth along the X-axis linear guide (13). The X-axis limit block (152) is fixedly installed on the side of both ends of the corresponding X-axis linear guide (13) through the X-axis limit block mounting seat (153) to mark the origin and limit positions of the corresponding cantilever (2) running along the X-axis linear guide (13).

5. The double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The machine tool body (1) is provided with an X-axis protective cover (16) covering the X-axis linear guide (13) in the X-axis motion assembly. The fixed ends of the X-axis protective cover (16) are respectively fixedly installed on the outer sides of both ends of the X-axis linear guide (13), and the free ends are respectively connected to the corresponding sides of the cantilever base plate (21) of the corresponding cantilever (2).

6. The double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each cantilever (2) includes a cantilever base plate (21) and a cantilever beam (22). The cantilever base plate (21) is slidably mounted on the corresponding X-axis motion assembly, and the cantilever beam (22) is fixedly mounted on the cantilever base plate (21). The Y-axis motion assembly is located on one side of the cantilever beam (22). The Y-axis motion assembly includes a Y-axis drive motor (23), a Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly (24), a Y-axis linear guide (25), and a Y-axis slider (26). The lead screw in the moving assembly (24) is mounted on the cantilever beam (22) and the Y-axis drive motor (23) can drive the lead screw to rotate. The nut in the Y-axis lead screw transmission assembly (24) is fixed on the back of the Z-axis mounting plate (33) of the Z-axis motion assembly (3), and the back of the Z-axis mounting plate (33) is also provided with a Y-axis slider (26) that is fitted and connected to the Y-axis linear guide (25). The Y-axis linear guide (25) which is parallel to the lead screw is located on the cantilever beam (22) on one or both sides of the lead screw.

7. The double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The Y-axis motion assembly includes a Y-axis limiting device (27), which includes a Y-axis travel switch (271) and a corresponding Y-axis limiting block (272). The Y-axis travel switch (271) is fixedly installed on the Z-axis mounting plate (33) in the Z-axis motion assembly (3). The Z-axis motion assembly (3) can drive the Y-axis travel switch (271) to run back and forth along the Y-axis linear guide (25). The Y-axis limiting block (272) is fixedly installed on the sides of both ends of the Y-axis linear guide (25) through the Y-axis limiting block mounting seat (273) to mark the origin and limit positions of the Z-axis motion assembly (3) running along the Y-axis linear guide (25).

8. The double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The cantilever beam (22) is provided with a Y-axis protective cover (28) for the Y-axis linear guide (25) in the Y-axis motion assembly. The fixed ends of the Y-axis protective cover (28) are respectively fixedly installed on the outer sides of both ends of the Y-axis linear guide (25), and the free ends are respectively connected to both sides of the Z-axis mounting plate (33).

9. The double-cantilever machine tool integrating laser cutting and milling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A sensing plate (341) is provided on one side of the adapter plate (34), and a U-shaped photoelectric switch (342) that works with the sensing plate (341) is fixedly installed on the outer frame of the Z-axis linear module (32). The sensing plate (341) and the U-shaped photoelectric switch (342) work together to confirm the running position of the Z-axis nut (321).

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