Knee prosthesis structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a knee joint prosthesis structure, comprising a femoral component, a cushion component, a tibial component and a patellar component, wherein the femoral component is provided with an intercondylar fixing block, the intercondylar fixing block has a protrusion, the inner wall of the femoral component is provided with a first coating for bone ingrowth or bone length, the cushion component is located between the femoral component and the tibial component, the lower end outer wall of the tibial component is provided with a second coating for bone ingrowth or bone length, the patellar component is located in front of the femoral component, and the inner wall of the patellar component is provided with a third coating for bone ingrowth or bone length. The knee joint prosthesis structure is a biological fixed prosthesis structure, which can avoid various disadvantages and complications caused by the use of bone cement fixation, reduce the harm of the current use of bone cement to patients and medical personnel related to surgery, improve the long-term stability of the prosthesis, reduce the prosthesis loosening rate and the surgical revision rate, save costs, and is conducive to solving the problem of expensive medical treatment, and has great social and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bone and joint surgery consumables and instruments, and in particular to a knee joint prosthesis structure. Background Art

[0002] During total knee replacement surgery, a knife is needed to remove the diseased bone, hyperplastic osteophytes and surrounding soft tissues at the distal femur and proximal tibia, and then install the knee prosthesis. Knee prostheses usually include femoral components, pads and tibial components. At present, domestic knee prosthesis structures require the use of bone cement as a medium between the bone and the prosthesis to tightly connect and fix the two together during installation. However, bone cement itself has fatal bone cement allergic reactions, and medical staff are prone to inhaling bone cement odor, causing harm to the body. In addition, the use of bone cement increases the use of materials and the cost of surgery. Improper fixation of bone cement and prolonged use can easily lead to prosthesis loosening.

[0003] With the progress of aging, there are about 100 million patients with knee diseases in my country, and knee replacement surgery with implanted knee prostheses is the "gold standard" for the terminal treatment of such diseases. Therefore, it has become a top priority to design a knee prosthesis with full biological fixation, bone ingrowth function, and no shortcomings of bone cement fixation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a knee joint prosthesis structure, which can avoid the harm of the current application of bone cement to patients and medical personnel related to surgery, improve the long-term stability of the prosthesis, reduce the loosening rate of the prosthesis and the rate of surgical revision, save costs, help solve the problem of expensive medical treatment, and have great social and economic benefits.

[0005] The knee joint prosthesis structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises: a femoral component, a tibial component, a pad component and a patellar component, wherein the femoral component is provided with a medial condyle, a lateral condyle and an intercondylar fixation block, wherein the intercondylar fixation block is provided between the medial condyle and the lateral condyle, wherein the intercondylar fixation block has a hemispherical protrusion, wherein the protrusion extends backward away from the inner walls of the medial condyle and the lateral condyle, wherein the inner wall of the femoral component is provided with a first coating for bone ingrowth or bone growth, wherein the upper end of the tibial component is provided with a medial tibial position and a lateral tibial position, wherein the tibial A first connecting column is provided at the lower end of the bone component, a second coating for bone ingrowth or bone length is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the tibial component, the pad component is located between the femoral component and the tibial component, the pad component is provided with an inner pad and an outer pad, the inner pad is fixedly installed at the inner side of the tibia, and the outer pad is movably installed at the outer side of the tibia, the patella component is located in front of the femoral component, the patella component is provided with a second connecting column, and the inner wall of the patella component is provided with a third coating for bone ingrowth or bone length.

[0006] The knee joint prosthesis structure according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the knee joint prosthesis is provided with an intercondylar fixing block between the medial condyle and the lateral condyle of the femoral component, the intercondylar fixing block having a hemispherical protrusion, the protrusion extending backward away from the inner wall of the medial condyle and the lateral condyle, when the femoral component is fixed to the patient's femur, the medial condyle and the lateral condyle are respectively wrapped around the surface of the medial condyle and the lateral condyle of the patient's femur, and at the same time, the hemispherical protrusion of the intercondylar fixing block is embedded in the medullary expansion hole in the middle part of the distal femoral bone surface, and a larger hemispherical protrusion is embedded in a relatively smaller medullary expansion hole, so that a press-fit fixation effect is achieved, so that the femur can be fixed without bone cement. The component is initially fixed to the patient's femur to obtain an initial stability. At the same time, after about 3-4 weeks, the first coating on the inner wall of the femoral component forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface, thereby allowing the femoral component to obtain long-term stability on the patient's femur; similarly, the tibial component can be embedded in the reamed hole of the bone tissue of the patient's tibial plateau through the first connecting column. By embedding the larger first connecting column in the relatively smaller reamed hole, a press-fit fixation effect is achieved, so that the tibial component can be fixed to the patient's proximal tibia bone without bone cement, thereby obtaining an initial stability. At the same time, after about 3-4 weeks, the second coating of the tibial component forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface of the patient's tibial plateau. , thereby enabling the tibial component to obtain long-term stability on the patient's tibial platform; similarly, the patellar component is embedded in a relatively small medullary expansion hole of the patient's patella through a larger second connecting column, which plays a role of press-fit fixation, so that the patellar component can be fixed in the patient's patellar bone without bone cement, thereby obtaining an initial stability. At the same time, after about 3-4 weeks, the third coating on the inner wall of the patellar component forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface of the patient's patella, thereby enabling the patellar component to obtain long-term stability on the patient's patella; at the same time, the pad component is divided into an inner pad and an outer pad. The size and thickness of the inner and outer pads may be different depending on the patient's surgical situation. The inner pad is fixedly installed on the tibia The lateral pad can slide freely on the lateral side of the tibia but will not dislocate, thereby achieving medial fixation and lateral movement of the knee prosthesis, which is more in line with the normal human knee joint medial stability and medial rotational movement. In short, the knee prosthesis structure is a biologically fixed prosthesis structure, which can avoid the various shortcomings and complications caused by bone cement fixation, reduce the harm of the current application of bone cement to patients and medical personnel related to the operation, improve the long-term stability of the prosthesis, reduce the prosthesis loosening rate and surgical revision rate, save costs, and help solve the problem of expensive medical treatment. It has great social and economic benefits.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the femoral component is further provided with a positioning column, and the positioning column is arranged on the inner wall of the medial condyle and / or the lateral condyle.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the axial direction of the positioning column is inclined upward or downward at an acute angle relative to the axial direction of the intercondylar fixation block.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the intercondylar fixation block is a non-smooth surface.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first connecting column is a cone-shaped structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a rib plate is further provided at the lower end of the tibial component, and the rib plate is located on the outer wall of the first connecting column.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the first connecting column is provided with a first groove, and the first groove is spirally wound around the outer wall of the first connecting column.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a third connecting column is further disposed at the lower end of the tibial component, and the third connecting column is located on the side of the first connecting column.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, two third connecting pillars are provided, and the two third connecting pillars are respectively located on both sides of the first connecting pillar.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the third connecting column is provided with a third groove, and the third groove is a transverse groove.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a knee joint prosthesis structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the femoral component;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tibial component;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the patella component.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] Femoral component 100, medial condyle 110, lateral condyle 120, intercondylar fixing block 130, protrusion 131, positioning column 140;

[0024] Cushion block component 200, inner cushion block 210, outer cushion block 220;

[0025] The tibial component 300, the medial tibial part 310, the lateral tibial part 311, the first connecting column 320, the rib plate 321, the first groove 322, the third connecting column 330, and the third groove 331;

[0026] The patella component 400 and the second connecting column 410 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 4As shown, a knee joint prosthesis structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a femoral component 100 , a spacer component 200 , a tibial component 300 and a patellar component 400 . The femoral component 100 is provided with a medial condyle 110, a lateral condyle 120 and an intercondylar fixing block 130. The medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120 are in an arc shape. The medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120 are respectively used to wrap and fix on the medial and lateral condyles of the patient's femur. The arc-shaped medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120 can better wrap the distal end of the femur. The intercondylar fixing block 130 is arranged between the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120. The intercondylar fixing block 130 has a hemispherical protrusion 131, and the protrusion 131 is arranged to extend backward away from the inner walls of the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120. The inner wall of the femoral component 100 is provided with a first coating for bone ingrowth or bone growth. The first coating can be a coating with bone ingrowth or bone growth function such as a tantalum metal coating, a titanium metal coating, or a hydroxyapatite coating. The upper end of the tibial component 300 is provided with a medial tibial position 310 and a lateral tibial position 311, the lower end of the tibial component 300 is provided with a first connecting column 320, and the outer wall of the lower end of the tibial component 300 is provided with a second coating for bone ingrowth or bone growth, and the material of the second coating is similar to that of the first coating. The pad component 200 is located between the femoral component 100 and the tibial component 300, and the pad component 200 is provided with a medial pad 210 and a lateral pad 220. The size and thickness of the medial and lateral pads 210 and 220 may be different depending on the surgical condition of the patient. The medial pad 210 is fixedly installed on the medial tibial position 310, and the lateral pad 220 is movably installed on the lateral tibial position 311. Specifically, the medial tibia portion 310 is provided with a slot, the medial pad 210 is snapped onto the slot, the surface of the lateral tibia portion 311 is relatively smooth, the lateral pad 220 can slide freely on the lateral tibia portion 311 without dislocation, in addition, the medial pad 210 is relatively small, and the lateral pad 220 is relatively large, which is more in line with the physiological morphology of the tibial plateau of the normal human knee joint, which is small inside and large outside. The patella component 400 is located in front of the femoral component 100, and the patella component 400 is provided with a second connecting column 410. The inner wall of the patella component 400 is provided with a third coating for bone ingrowth or bone growth, and the material of the third coating is similar to that of the first coating. Specifically, one end of the patella component 400 protrudes outward to form a medial side and a lateral side, and a protrusion is formed between the medial side and the lateral side.

[0032] The knee joint prosthesis is provided with an intercondylar fixing block 130 between the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120 of the femoral component 100. The intercondylar fixing block 130 has a hemispherical protrusion 131. The protrusion 131 is arranged to extend backward away from the inner walls of the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120. When the femoral component 100 is fixed to the patient's femur, the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120 are respectively wrapped around the surfaces of the medial condyle and the lateral condyle of the patient's femur, and the hemispherical protrusion 131 of the intercondylar fixing block 130 is embedded in the medullary expansion hole in the middle part of the distal femoral bone surface. By embedding a larger hemispherical protrusion 131 in a relatively smaller medullary expansion hole, a press-fit fixing effect is achieved, so that bone cement is not required. The femoral component is initially fixed to the patient's femur to obtain an initial stability. At the same time, after about 3-4 weeks, the first coating on the inner wall of the femoral component 100 forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface, thereby allowing the femoral component 100 to obtain long-term stability on the patient's femur; similarly, the tibial component 300 can be embedded in the reamed hole of the bone tissue of the patient's tibial plateau through the first connecting column 320. By embedding the larger first connecting column 320 in the relatively smaller reamed hole, a press-fit fixation effect is achieved, so that the tibial component 300 can be fixed in the patient's proximal tibia bone without bone cement, thereby obtaining an initial stability. At the same time, after about 3-4 weeks, the second coating of the tibial component 300 is formed on the patient's tibia. The bone surface in the platform forms bone ingrowth, thereby making the tibial component 300 obtain long-term stability on the patient's tibial platform; similarly, the patella component 400 is embedded in a relatively small medullary expansion hole of the patient's patella through a larger second connecting column 410, which plays a role of press-fit fixation, so that the patella component 400 can be fixed in the patient's patella bone without bone cement, and obtain an initial stability. At the same time, after about 3-4 weeks, the third coating on the inner wall of the patella component 400 forms bone ingrowth on the bone surface of the patient's patella, so that the patella component 400 obtains long-term stability on the patient's patella; at the same time, the pad component 200 is divided into an inner pad 210 and an outer pad 220, and the inner pad 210 is fixedly installed It is installed on the medial part 310 of the tibia and cannot move, while the lateral pad 220 can slide freely on the lateral part 311 of the tibia but will not dislocate, thereby enabling the knee joint prosthesis structure to achieve medial fixation and lateral movement, which is more in line with the normal human knee joint medial stability and the medial axis movement mode of rotational movement around the medial side. In short, the knee joint prosthesis structure is a biological fixed prosthesis structure, which can avoid various disadvantages and complications caused by the use of bone cement fixation, reduce the harm of the current use of bone cement to patients and medical personnel related to the operation, improve the long-term stability of the prosthesis, reduce the prosthesis loosening rate and surgical revision rate, save costs, and help solve the problem of expensive medical treatment, with great social and economic benefits.

[0033] Reference Figure 2In some embodiments of the present invention, the femoral component 100 is further provided with a positioning column 140. Two or more positioning columns 140 may be provided. The positioning columns 140 are provided on the inner wall of the medial condyle 110 or the lateral condyle 120, or the inner walls of the medial condyle 110 and the lateral condyle 120 may be provided with positioning columns 140. When the femoral component 100 is fixed to the distal end of the femur of the patient, the positioning column 140 is inserted into the femur, so that the femoral component 100 can be more firmly fixed to the femur of the patient.

[0034] In the above embodiment, the axial direction of the positioning column 140 can be tilted upward or downward relative to the axial direction of the intercondylar fixation block 130, so that there is a certain angle between the direction of the positioning column 140 and the direction of the intercondylar fixation block 130, and the angle is an acute angle, generally not greater than 60°, so that the femoral component 100 can be further firmly fixed on the patient's femur and is not easy to loosen or pull out, preventing the femoral component 100 from loosening or pulling out from the patient's femur when the femoral component 100 is subjected to an external force in a certain direction during use.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the intercondylar fixation block 130 is a non-smooth surface, and the non-smooth surface is coated with a first coating, so that after the femoral component 100 is installed on the distal femur of the patient, the first coating can guide the newly grown bone on the resection surface of the distal femur of the patient to be more easily connected to the intercondylar fixation block 130, so that the femoral component 100 can be stably installed on the femur of the patient for a long time.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present invention, the first connecting post 320 is a cone-shaped structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. By the above arrangement, when the first connecting post 320 is inserted into the proximal end of the tibia to install the tibial component 300 on the patient's tibia, since the first connecting post 320 is a cone-shaped structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, the first connecting post 320 is inserted into the proximal end of the tibia more easily and stably, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, a rib plate 321 is further provided at the lower end of the tibial component 300, and the rib plate 321 is located on the outer wall of the first connecting column 320 to form a wing of the first connecting column 320. The rib plate 321 can increase the contact area between the first connecting column 320 and the tibia, thereby improving the stability of the tibial component 300 installed on the patient's tibia. The number of rib plates 321 on the first connecting column 320 can be specifically set as needed, for example, it can be one, two, three or more.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the first connecting column 320 is provided with a first groove 322. Due to the existence of the first groove 322, the first connecting column 320 has a larger contact area with the proximal end of the tibia after being inserted into the patient's tibia, and the second coating on its surface has a stronger resistance to pull-out after bone ingrowth, and is not easy to loosen or shift, thereby further improving the connection strength between the first connecting column 320 and the tibia.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the first groove 322 is spirally wound around the outer wall of the first connecting column 320, so that the length of the first groove 322 can be set to be longer and stepped, so that more tibia bone is embedded in the first groove 322, which is beneficial to further improve the connection strength between the first connecting column 320 and the tibia. At this time, the first groove 322 is tilted relative to the axial direction of the first connecting column 320, avoiding the first connecting column 320 from being easily loosened from the tibia under the action of external force along the axial direction of the first connecting column 320.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, a third connecting column 330 is further provided at the lower end of the tibial component 300. The third connecting column 330 is located on the side of the first connecting column 320. When the tibial component 300 is fixed to the patient's tibia, the third connecting column 330 is also inserted into the tibia. The fixing strength between the tibial component 300 and the patient's tibia can be further enhanced by providing a second connecting column. Specifically, the size of the third connecting column 330 can be smaller than the first connecting column 320, and the number of the third connecting column 330 can be two, and the two third connecting columns 330 are respectively located on both sides of the first connecting column 320. Of course, the number of the third connecting columns 330 can also be specifically set according to actual needs.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the third connecting column 330 is provided with a third groove 331, which is a transverse groove and is arranged in a stepped manner on the outer wall of the third connecting column 330. Due to the existence of the third groove 331, part of the bone will be embedded in the third groove 331 when the tibia grows and recovers in the later stage, thereby further improving the connection and fixing strength between the third connecting column 330 and the tibia. At the same time, since the third groove 331 is a transverse groove, the third connecting column 330 is not easy to be separated from the tibia when subjected to a tensile force along its axial direction, further improving the connection stability between the third connecting column 330 and the tibia.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knee joint prosthesis structure, characterized in that: include: A femoral component, wherein the femoral component is provided with a medial condyle, a lateral condyle and an intercondylar fixation block, wherein the intercondylar fixation block is provided between the medial condyle and the lateral condyle, wherein the intercondylar fixation block has a hemispherical protrusion, wherein the protrusion extends backward away from the inner walls of the medial condyle and the lateral condyle, and wherein the inner wall of the femoral component is provided with a first coating for bone ingrowth or bone growth; A tibial component, wherein the upper end of the tibial component is provided with a medial tibial site and a lateral tibial site, the lower end of the tibial component is provided with a first connecting column, and the outer wall of the lower end of the tibial component is provided with a second coating for bone ingrowth or bone growth; A pad component, located between the femoral component and the tibial component, the pad component is provided with an inner pad and an outer pad, the inner pad is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the tibia, and the outer pad is movably mounted on the outer side of the tibia; A patella component is located in front of the femoral component, the patella component is provided with a second connecting column, and the inner wall of the patella component is provided with a third coating for bone ingrowth or bone growth; the femoral component is also provided with a positioning column, and the positioning column is arranged on the inner wall of the medial condyle and / or the lateral condyle; the axial direction of the positioning column is inclined upward or downward at an acute angle relative to the axial direction of the intercondylar fixation block.

2. The knee joint prosthesis structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the intercondylar fixing block is a non-smooth surface.

3. The knee joint prosthesis structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting column is a cone-shaped structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

4. The knee joint prosthesis structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rib plate is also provided at the lower end of the tibial component, and the rib plate is located on the outer wall of the first connecting column.

5. The knee joint prosthesis structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first connecting column is provided with a first groove, and the first groove is spirally wound around the outer wall of the first connecting column.

6. The knee joint prosthesis structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A third connecting column is also provided at the lower end of the tibial component, and the third connecting column is located on the side of the first connecting column.

7. The knee joint prosthesis structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two third connecting pillars are provided, and the two third connecting pillars are respectively located on both sides of the first connecting pillar.

8. The knee joint prosthesis structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the third connecting column is provided with a third groove, and the third groove is a transverse groove.

Images