Industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function and its switching method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an industrial vehicle rear axle system with a high and low speed switching function and a switching method thereof. The industrial vehicle rear axle system includes a vehicle frame and a rear axle, and the vehicle frame is connected to the rear axle through leaf springs; a rear cross plate located behind the rear axle is provided at the tail of the vehicle frame, and an oil cylinder support is provided on the rear cross plate; a front cross plate located in front of the rear axle is provided at the tail of the vehicle frame, and a support plate support corresponding to the oil cylinder support is provided on the front cross plate; further included are a support plate and a support oil cylinder, the front end of the support plate is hinged to the support plate support; the cylinder body of the support oil cylinder is hinged to the oil cylinder support, and the piston rod of the support oil cylinder is hinged to the tail end of the support plate; a first cable support is provided on the lower surface of the middle of the support plate, a second cable support is provided at the middle position of the rear axle, and a flexible cable is connected between the first cable support and the second cable support. In the technical solution of the present invention, the industrial vehicle has a high-speed driving mode and a low-speed operation mode, and the two modes can be switched arbitrarily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of vehicle suspension systems, and in particular to an industrial vehicle rear axle system with high-speed and low-speed switching functions and a switching method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Industrial vehicles are in a low-speed driving state when operating. The frame bears a large load, which is mostly impact load. The frame and rear axle are directly rigidly articulated and have no vibration reduction system. However, they can swing slightly left and right to meet the four-wheel grounding requirements. The self-driving speed of industrial vehicles is relatively low, generally not exceeding 40km / h.

[0003] However, for some emergency tasks where materials are loaded and unloaded at two locations over a long distance, simply relying on low-bed transport of industrial vehicles will invisibly add extra equipment and deployment and withdrawal time, which is not conducive to the completion of emergency tasks. If the self-driving speed of industrial vehicles is increased to a highway speed of more than 80km / h, without relying on low-bed transport, industrial vehicles can meet the emergency task requirements of loading and unloading materials at two locations over a long distance. In order to ensure the comfort and smoothness of industrial vehicles when driving at high speeds, the frame and rear axle should be connected by a flexible suspension with good vibration reduction function. During operation, the free displacement of the flexible suspension system is partially restricted to prevent the whole vehicle from jumping during operation, while having a certain degree of flexibility to maintain operational comfort.

[0004] Therefore, how to enable an industrial vehicle to achieve both a high-speed driving mode and a low-speed operating mode and switch between them at will is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field currently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the main objectives of the present invention are: (a) to provide an industrial vehicle rear axle system with a high-speed and low-speed switching function, which can enable the industrial vehicle to have a high-speed driving mode and a low-speed operating mode, and the two modes can be switched at will; (b) to provide a switching method for an industrial vehicle rear axle system with a high-speed and low-speed switching function.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve it.

[0007] (1). An industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function, including a vehicle frame and a rear axle, the vehicle frame is connected to the rear axle through leaf springs; a rear cross plate located behind the rear axle is arranged at the tail of the vehicle frame, and an oil cylinder support is arranged on the rear cross plate; a front cross plate located in front of the rear axle is arranged at the tail of the vehicle frame, and a support plate support is arranged on the front cross plate; it also includes a support plate and a support oil cylinder, the front end of the support plate is hinged to the support plate support; the cylinder body of the support oil cylinder is hinged to the oil cylinder support, and the piston rod of the support oil cylinder is hinged to the tail end of the support plate; a first cable support is arranged on the lower surface of the middle part of the support plate, a second cable support is arranged at the middle position of the rear axle, and a flexible cable is connected between the first cable support and the second cable support.

[0008] Further, the length of the flexible cable is greater than or equal to the straight-line distance between the first cable support and the second cable support when the industrial vehicle is in the high-speed driving mode.

[0009] Further, the number of the oil cylinder supports is two, symmetrically distributed on the rear cross plate, and the number of the support oil cylinders is two.

[0010] Further, the number of the first cable supports is three, evenly distributed on the lower surface of the support plate parallel to the length direction of the rear axle; the number of the second cable supports is one, and a flexible cable is connected between the second cable support and each first cable support.

[0011] Further, the flexible cable adopts a flexible steel wire rope.

[0012] (2). A switching method for an industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function, based on the industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function, including switching from the high-speed driving mode to the low-speed operation mode and switching from the low-speed operation mode to the high-speed driving mode.

[0013] Switching from the high-speed driving mode to the low-speed operation mode includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Start the hydraulic system to make the support oil cylinder act, the piston rod of the support oil cylinder extends to push the support plate to rotate counterclockwise around the support plate support, the flexible cable is tightened during the counterclockwise rotation of the support plate, the flexible cable changes from the relaxed state to the taut state, the piston rod of the support oil cylinder continues to extend, the distance between the vehicle frame and the rear axle is reduced until the vehicle frame and the rear axle are in rigid contact, and the leaf springs do not play a vibration damping role.

[0015] Step 2: Lock the oil circuit of the support oil cylinder.

[0016] Further, switching from the low-speed operation mode to the high-speed driving mode includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Start the hydraulic system to make the support cylinder act. The piston rod of the support cylinder retracts to the initial position, pulling the support plate to rotate clockwise around the support plate support. During the clockwise rotation of the support plate, the flexible pull rope changes from a taut state to a slack state, and the distance between the vehicle frame and the rear axle increases under the restoring force of the leaf spring, and the shock absorption function of the leaf spring is restored.

[0018] Step 2: Lock the oil circuit of the support cylinder.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention, compared with the existing industrial vehicles, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the rear axle system of an industrial vehicle with a high and low speed switching function in the industrial vehicle;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a top view of the rear axle system of an industrial vehicle with a high and low speed switching function;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a top view of the industrial vehicle in the high-speed driving mode after removing the support plate in the rear axle system of the industrial vehicle with a high and low speed switching function;

[0024] Figure 4 It is at the time when the industrial vehicle is in the high-speed driving mode at Figure 2 The sectional view at A-A;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a top view of the industrial vehicle in the low-speed operation mode after removing the support plate in the rear axle system of the industrial vehicle with a high and low speed switching function;

[0026] Figure 6 It is at the time when the industrial vehicle is in the low-speed operation mode at Figure 2 The sectional view at A-A;

[0027] In the above figures:

[0028] 1 vehicle frame; 2 rear axle; 3 rear cross plate; 4 cylinder support; 5 front cross plate; 6 support plate support; 7 support plate; 8 support cylinder; 9 first pull rope support; 10 second pull rope support; 11 flexible pull rope; 12 leaf spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Industrial vehicles are in a low-speed driving state when operating. The frame bears a large load, which is mostly impact load. The frame and rear axle are directly rigidly articulated and have no vibration reduction system. However, they can swing slightly left and right to meet the four-wheel grounding requirements. The self-driving speed of industrial vehicles is relatively low, generally not exceeding 40km / h.

[0032] However, for some emergency tasks where materials are loaded and unloaded at two locations over a long distance, simply relying on low-bed transport of industrial vehicles will invisibly add extra equipment and deployment and withdrawal time, which is not conducive to the completion of emergency tasks. If the self-driving speed of industrial vehicles is increased to a highway speed of more than 80km / h, without relying on low-bed transport, industrial vehicles can meet the emergency task requirements of loading and unloading materials at two locations over a long distance. In order to ensure the comfort and smoothness of industrial vehicles when driving at high speeds, the frame and rear axle should be connected by a flexible suspension with good vibration reduction function. During operation, the free displacement of the flexible suspension system is partially restricted to prevent the whole vehicle from jumping during operation, while having a certain degree of flexibility to maintain operational comfort.

[0033] (I) A rear axle system for an industrial vehicle with a high-speed and low-speed switching function, comprising a frame 1 and a rear axle 2, wherein the frame 1 is connected to the rear axle 2 via a leaf spring 12; a rear cross plate 3 located behind the rear axle 2 is provided at the rear of the frame 1, and a cylinder support 4 is provided on the rear cross plate 3; a front cross plate 5 located in front of the rear axle 2 is provided at the rear of the frame 1, and a support plate support 6 is provided on the front cross plate 5; the system also comprises a support plate 7 and a support cylinder 8, wherein the front end of the support plate 7 is hinged to the support plate support 6; the cylinder body of the support cylinder 8 is hinged to the cylinder support 4, and the piston rod of the support cylinder 8 is hinged to the rear end of the support plate 7; a first pull rope support 9 is provided on the lower surface of the middle part of the support plate 7, a second pull rope support 10 is provided at the middle position of the rear axle 2, and a flexible pull rope 11 is connected between the first pull rope support 9 and the second pull rope support 10.

[0034] In the above embodiments, a support plate 7, a support cylinder 8 and a flexible pull rope 11 are added to the industrial vehicle to control the extension or retraction of the piston rod of the support cylinder 8, so as to realize a rigid connection or an elastic connection between the frame 1 and the rear axle 2, thereby realizing the industrial vehicle entering a high-speed driving mode or a low-speed operation mode.

[0035] Furthermore, the length of the flexible pull rope 11 is greater than or equal to the straight-line distance between the first pull rope support 9 and the second pull rope support 10 when the industrial vehicle is in the high-speed driving mode.

[0036] In the above embodiment, the length of the flexible rope 11 is greater than or equal to the straight-line distance between the first rope support 9 and the second rope support 10 when the industrial vehicle is in high-speed driving mode. At this time, the flexible rope 11 is in a relaxed state, and the frame 1 and the rear axle 2 are elastically connected by the leaf spring 12. The industrial vehicle meets the requirements of high-speed self-driving on highways for industrial vehicles, and the highway driving speed can reach more than 80km / h. When the industrial vehicle switches from the high-speed driving mode to the low-speed operation mode, the support cylinder 8 is started, the piston rod of the support cylinder 8 is extended, the support plate 7 rotates counterclockwise, the straight-line distance between the first rope support 9 and the second rope support 10 increases, the rope changes from a relaxed state to a tightened state, the piston rod of the support cylinder 8 continues to extend, the tension between the support plate 7 and the rear axle 2 increases, and the distance between the frame 1 and the rear axle 2 decreases until the frame 1 and the rear axle 2 are in rigid contact. At this time, the leaf spring 12 does not work, and the low-speed driving operation requirements of the industrial vehicle for loading and unloading materials are met, and the driving speed will not exceed 40km / h.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to make the support plate 7 bear force evenly, the number of the cylinder supports 4 is two and symmetrically distributed on the rear cross plate 3, and the number of the supporting cylinders 8 is two.

[0038] Furthermore, the number of the first rope support 9 is three, which are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the support plate 7 parallel to the length direction of the rear axle 2; the number of the second rope support 10 is one, and a flexible rope 11 is connected between the second rope support 10 and each first rope support 9.

[0039] Furthermore, the flexible pull rope 11 is a flexible steel wire rope.

[0040] (ii) A switching method for an industrial vehicle rear axle system with a high-speed and low-speed switching function, applicable to an industrial vehicle rear axle system with a high-speed and low-speed switching function, including switching from a high-speed driving mode to a low-speed operating mode and from a low-speed operating mode to a high-speed driving mode.

[0041] Switching an industrial vehicle from high-speed driving mode to low-speed operation mode includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Start the hydraulic system to make the support cylinder 8 act. The piston rod of the support cylinder 8 extends to push the support plate 7 to rotate counterclockwise around the support plate support 6. During the counterclockwise rotation of the support plate 7, the flexible pull rope 11 is tightened. The flexible pull rope 11 changes from a slack state to a taut state. The piston rod of the support cylinder 8 continues to extend, and the distance between the vehicle frame 1 and the rear axle 2 decreases until there is a rigid contact between the vehicle frame 1 and the rear axle 2, and the leaf spring 12 no longer plays a shock-absorbing role;

[0043] Step 2: Lock the oil circuit of the support cylinder 8.

[0044] An industrial vehicle switches from a low-speed operation mode to a high-speed driving mode, including the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Start the hydraulic system to make the support cylinder 8 act. The piston rod of the support cylinder 8 retracts to the initial position, pulling the support plate 7 to rotate clockwise around the support plate support 6. During the clockwise rotation of the support plate 7, the flexible pull rope 11 changes from a taut state to a slack state, and the distance between the vehicle frame 1 and the rear axle 2 increases under the restoring force of the leaf spring 12, and the shock-absorbing function of the leaf spring 12 is restored;

[0046] Step 2: Lock the oil circuit of the support cylinder 8.

[0047] When an industrial vehicle needs to quickly reach the destination or the destination is far away, switching the industrial vehicle to the high-speed driving mode can quickly reach the destination and save time; when the industrial vehicle is operating, switch to the low-speed operation mode. During operation, the free displacement is partially restricted to prevent the whole vehicle from jumping during operation; in addition, the industrial vehicle with a high-speed driving mode and a low-speed operation mode saves costs as a whole.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments in this specification, based on the present invention, some modifications or improvements can be made, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the present invention all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. An industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function, characterized in that, it includes a vehicle frame (1) and a rear axle (2), and the vehicle frame (1) is connected to the rear axle (2) through leaf springs (12); a rear cross plate (3) located behind the rear axle (2) is arranged at the tail of the vehicle frame (1), and an oil cylinder support (4) is arranged on the rear cross plate (3); a front cross plate (5) located in front of the rear axle (2) is arranged at the tail of the vehicle frame (1), and a support plate support (6) is arranged on the front cross plate (5); it further includes a support plate (7) and a support oil cylinder (8), the front end of the support plate (7) is hinged to the support plate support (6); the cylinder body of the support oil cylinder (8) is hinged to the oil cylinder support (4), and the piston rod of the support oil cylinder (8) is hinged to the tail end of the support plate (7); a first cable support (9) is arranged on the lower surface of the middle part of the support plate (7), a second cable support (10) is arranged at the middle position of the rear axle (2), a flexible cable (11) is connected between the first cable support (9) and the second cable support (10), the length of the flexible cable (11) is greater than or equal to the straight-line distance between the first cable support (9) and the second cable support (10) when the industrial vehicle is in the high-speed driving mode, the length of the flexible cable (11) is greater than or equal to the straight-line distance between the first cable support (9) and the second cable support (10) when the industrial vehicle is in the high-speed driving mode, the number of the first cable supports (9) is three, and they are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the support plate (7) parallel to the length direction of the rear axle (2); the number of the second cable supports (10) is one, and a flexible cable (11) is connected between the second cable support (10) and each first cable support (9).

2. The industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that, the flexible cable (11) is made of flexible steel wire rope.

3. A switching method for an industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function, based on the industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that, it includes switching from the high-speed driving mode to the low-speed operation mode and switching from the low-speed operation mode to the high-speed driving mode.

4. The switching method for an industrial vehicle rear axle system with high and low speed switching function according to claim 3, characterized in that, switching from the high-speed driving mode to the low-speed operation mode includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the hydraulic system to make the support oil cylinder (8) act, the piston rod of the support oil cylinder (8) extends to push the support plate (7) to rotate counterclockwise around the support plate support (6), the flexible cable (11) is tightened during the counterclockwise rotation of the support plate (7), the flexible cable (11) changes from the relaxed state to the taut state, the piston rod of the support oil cylinder (8) continues to extend, the distance between the vehicle frame (1) and the rear axle (2) is reduced until the vehicle frame (1) and the rear axle (2) are in rigid contact, and the leaf spring (12) does not play a damping role; Step 2: Block the oil circuit of the support oil cylinder (8).

5. The switching method of the rear axle system of an industrial vehicle with a high and low speed switching function according to claim 4, characterized in that, switching from the low-speed operation mode to the high-speed driving mode includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the hydraulic system to make the support cylinder (8) act. The piston rod of the support cylinder (8) retracts to the initial position, pulling the support plate (7) to rotate clockwise around the support plate support (6). During the clockwise rotation of the support plate (7), the flexible pull rope (11) changes from a taut state to a relaxed state, and the distance between the vehicle frame (1) and the rear axle (2) increases under the restoring force of the leaf spring (12), and the shock absorption function of the leaf spring (12) is restored; Step 2: Block the oil circuit of the support cylinder (8).

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