Apparatus for extrusion

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for extrusion in the sense of a filter worm press, wherein a filter basket is divided into a plurality of filter basket segments. The filter basket segments can be sealed on their mutually adjoining sides by means of a sealing device according to the invention, thereby effectively preventing liquid and solids from escaping from the gaps between the filter basket segments.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a device for pressing, having a filter basket, which is composed of at least two parts. BACKGROUND

[0002] From the prior art, different pressing devices are known for separating flowable, liquid or thixotropic components from different substances, solid, organic or inorganic materials by means of a pressing process. In particular for vegetable products and animal carcasses, in order to separate liquid and predominantly oil-containing components, so-called filter worm presses have proven to be effective, in the pressing space of which a high pressing force and pressing pressure acts onto the pressing objects or rather onto the compressed objects containing the oil-containing components.

[0003] The pressing space, also referred to as filter chamber or pressing chamber, is at least partially delimited in its geometry by at least one so-called filter bar basket. Usually, the filter bar basket is embodied in a cylindrical or hollow-cylindrical geometry and is divided into individual filter bar regions for receiving and / or holding filter bars.

[0004] Filter bars or rather filter bar baskets of the type mentioned at the outset are used in the field of devices for pressing flowable or liquid substances out of materials or products introduced into the device. For example, it is possible to press liquid substances out of animal carcasses, slaughterhouse waste or oil-containing fruits, seeds or plants. The device for pressing is drum-shaped and the filter bars extend in the longitudinal direction of the drum. The transport of the substances to be treated also takes place in this longitudinal direction. In the region of the drum outlet, the residual substances are discharged almost water-free from the drum interior. The transport through the drum is achieved using pressure and a transport worm.

[0005] During the transport of the substances through the drum, the pressing out of the liquids contained in the incoming substances is achieved by means of a pressing process between the boundary surfaces of the worm channels of the transport worm and the filter bars. In order to achieve the outflow of the flowable components pressed out, the filter bars are arranged with a gap-like spacing relative to one another. In order to ensure an optimized course of the pressing-out process, the cross-sectional area of the worm channels decreases in the direction from the inlet to the outlet.

[0006] The primary goal of the pressing process is the separation of flowable and in particular oil-containing components and solid components from the pressing objects as completely as possible. In addition, the goal of as high a material volume flow as possible is pursued. Both goals are pursued in an as-optimized-as-possible manner by the following means: the machine elements for applying the pressing force are configured with maximum efficiency and the pressing space is designed in its geometry in a suitable manner.

[0007] The filter basket delimiting the extrusion space is usually embodied in several parts. In a proven embodiment of the filter worm press, each filter basket or each filter basket section can be divided into two parts, thereby forming two filter basket halves. This division extends in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hollow-cylindrical or drum-shaped filter basket.

[0008] By dividing the at least one filter basket or filter basket section into filter basket halves, the filter basket and thus the extrusion space of the filter worm press can be opened and thus be accessible for assembly, maintenance and / or cleaning work.

[0009] For reliable operation of the filter worm press, the filter basket halves must be fixedly connected to one another. Furthermore, in order to avoid the escape of pressed-out liquids and solids, in particular extrudate, from the gap between the filter basket halves, a seal of the filter basket is required on the mutually adjoining sides of the filter basket halves.

[0010] According to the prior art, the seal of the filter basket halves is effected only on the mutually abutting surfaces of the filter basket, in particular of the clamping bars and the scrapers.

[0011] However, due to production tolerances which additionally vary between the clamping bars and the scrapers, a perfect seal of the filter basket cannot be achieved at the contact faces of the filter basket halves. This leads to the escape of liquids and solids through the gap between the filter basket halves, wherein the solids, oils and fats adhere in the existing openings. They are stored in particular also in the drillings of the filter plugs and adhere to the filter plugs in the drillings. The adhered filter plugs can then be removed only with great additional expenditure, for example during maintenance. SUMMARY

[0012] It is therefore the task of the present application to specify a device for extrusion of the type mentioned at the outset, by means of which the escape of pressed-out liquids and solids between the segments of the filter basket can be avoided.

[0013] According to the application, this task is solved by a device for extrusion having the features of claim 1.

[0014] The subsequently disclosed features of the device for extrusion are not only individual components of the application but also, in all realisable combinations, components of the application.

[0015] The device for extrusion according to the application is embodied as a filter worm press and has an extrusion space which is configured tubularly or hollow-cylindrically. The extrusion space is delimited on the outside of its longitudinal sides by at least one filter basket.

[0016] In one embodiment of the application, the filter basket is arranged in a filter housing which is embodied at least partially, for example, as a lattice.

[0017] Within the extrusion space there is arranged an extrusion and transport worm, by means of which the extruded article can be transported from the feed opening through the extrusion space to the discharge opening.

[0018] The extrusion and transport worm has a worm shaft, on the peripheral surface of which there is arranged a worm thread in the form of a worm, by means of which the worm channel is configured.

[0019] In one embodiment of the application, a plurality of extrusion and transport worms are arranged one after the other in the filter worm press.

[0020] In one embodiment of the application, at least one filter basket has a plurality of filter bars which are arranged side by side in the filter basket in such a way that a defined gap of a width is achieved between the filter bars, through which gap the liquid pressed out of the extruded article can be conducted out of the extrusion space.

[0021] In one embodiment of the application, the extrusion space is delimited by a plurality of filter basket sections which are arranged one after the other in the transport direction of the extrusion and transport worm. The length of the filter bars here corresponds to the length of the respective filter basket section.

[0022] According to the application, at least one filter basket or filter basket section is divided into at least two filter basket sections.

[0023] Here, in one embodiment of the application, the division of the filter basket or of the respective filter basket section into filter basket sections takes place along at least one plane, wherein the longitudinal axis of the hollow-cylindrical extrusion space lies in the at least one plane, or wherein the at least one plane is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hollow-cylindrical extrusion space.

[0024] In one preferred embodiment of the application, at least one filter basket is divided into two filter basket sections, so that the filter basket sections result from a filter basket half.

[0025] In one particularly preferred embodiment of the application, at least one filter basket is divided approximately centrally horizontally into two filter basket sections which are approximately equally large.

[0026] In the closed state of the filter basket, the filter basket sections have mutually adjoining faces, which are also referred to as contact faces.

[0027] According to the application, in the region of the contact faces of the filter basket sections there is arranged at least one sealing device, by means of which the gap present between the contact faces of the filter basket sections can also be sealed in the closed state of the filter basket.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the extrusion space is sealed over its entire length by means of sealing means.

[0029] In an embodiment of the application, each contact surface of the filter basket sections of the filter basket or of the filter basket sections is provided with a sealing means.

[0030] In an embodiment of the application, the sealing means are used to seal the contact surfaces of the longitudinal sides of the filter basket sections.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the device for extrusion has clamping strips in the region of the contact surfaces of the filter basket sections, by means of which the filter rods of the filter basket sections can be fixed in the filter basket sections.

[0032] In another preferred embodiment of the application, the device for extrusion has, in the region of the contact surfaces of the filter basket sections, also a scraper which projects into the filter basket between the worm screws of the filter basket sections arranged one after the other, in order to prevent twisting of the extruded articles in the filter press.

[0033] In another embodiment of the application, the filter rod groups, which consist of a plurality of filter rods and which can be installed as at least temporary units into the filter basket, can be fixed in the filter basket sections by means of the clamping strips and the fastening means.

[0034] In another embodiment of the application, the clamping strips are part of the filter rod groups. The filter rod groups can be fixed in the filter basket sections by means of the clamping strips and the fastening means.

[0035] In an embodiment of the application, the sealing means are arranged in the region of the clamping strips and / or the scrapers.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the sealing means are arranged in the region of the side of the clamping strips and / or the scrapers which is outwardly in the radial direction of the filter basket.

[0037] In an embodiment of the application, the sealing means are made of at least one strip of material each.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the strip of material of the sealing means is deformed at least locally as a result of bending.

[0039] In an embodiment of the application, the at least one sealing strip of the sealing means is made of sheet metal.

[0040] In another embodiment of the application, the at least one sealing strip of the sealing means is made of plastic.

[0041] In one embodiment of the application, at least one sealing band of the sealing device is configured and arranged in such a way that it can be deformed in order to achieve a form- and / or force-locking sealing of the gap remaining between the contact faces of the filter basket segments, with the filter basket segments being fixed in the filter basket.

[0042] In one embodiment of the application, the deformation of the sealing band takes place elastically and / or plastically. In the case of an elastic and plastic deformation of the sealing band, this relates to a partially elastic and partially plastic deformation, respectively.

[0043] In one particularly preferred embodiment of the application, a complete elastic deformation of one or several sealing bands takes place upon assembly of the filter basket segments, so that the sealing bands can be used multiple times.

[0044] In one preferred embodiment of the application, the contact faces of the filter basket segments have recesses or grooves in the region of the side facing out in the radial direction of the filter basket, at least one sealing band being arranged at least partially in the recesses or grooves.

[0045] In one particularly preferred embodiment of the application, the contact faces of two respectively adjoining filter basket segments have oppositely corresponding recesses or grooves, at least one sealing band being arranged at least partially in the recesses or grooves.

[0046] In one embodiment of the application, at least one clamping strip or scraper has recesses or grooves in the region of the side facing out in the radial direction of the filter basket in the region of the contact faces of two mutually adjoining filter basket segments, at least one sealing band being arranged at least partially in the recesses or grooves.

[0047] In one particularly preferred embodiment of the application, two clamping strips and / or scrapers have oppositely corresponding recesses or grooves in the region of the contact faces of two respectively adjoining filter basket segments, at least one sealing band being arranged at least partially in the recesses or grooves.

[0048] In one embodiment of the application, at least one clamping strip and / or scraper has recesses on the side facing away from the contact face.

[0049] In one preferred embodiment of the application, the sealing band is shaped in such a way that it fits around the first clamping strip on the side of the first clamping strip facing out in the radial direction of the filter basket, so that a first end of the sealing band is located in a recess arranged on the side of the first clamping strip facing away from the contact face and a second end is located in a recess arranged on the side of the contact face.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the sealing device has a second sealing band which is arranged on a second clamping strip of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the first end of the second sealing band is located in the recess arranged on the side of the second clamping strip which is opposite the contact face and the second sealing band extends along the side of the second clamping strip which is outward in the radial direction of the filter basket.

[0051] Thanks to the embodiment of the sealing device mentioned at the outset, the first and second clamping strips can be produced identically in structure, so that the production costs of the system are not increased as a result of different types of clamping strip.

[0052] In an embodiment of the application, the second end of the first sealing band is configured in such a way that it can be deformed as a result of the force of the contact faces which are tensioned against one another when the filter basket segments are connected to form a filter basket or filter basket segment, so that a positively locking sealing of the gap located between the contact faces can be achieved.

[0053] In particular, the second end of the sealing band projects from the contact face of the respective filter basket segment in the direction of the corresponding filter basket segment.

[0054] Particularly preferably, the second end of the sealing band projects from the contact face of the respective filter basket segment in the direction of the corresponding filter basket segment further than the depth of the recess or groove arranged on the side of the corresponding filter basket segment.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the second end of the first sealing band is curved like a U, wherein the U is closed in the direction of the opposite contact faces.

[0056] According to the application, a second end of the first sealing band which is shaped like a V is also considered.

[0057] The second end of the first sealing band is flexible to such an extent that it slips into the groove arranged on the opposite contact face in the case of closure of the filter basket.

[0058] By using a sealing device according to the application, a filter basket or a sealing extrusion space at the connection location of the filter basket segments which can be easily assembled and maintained is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0059] In the following figures, exemplary embodiments of the application are shown. They show:

[0060] Figure 1 : perspective view of a filter stand for an extruder according to the application in the open state without filter rods loaded and without extrusion and transport worm;

[0061] Figure 2: Partial perspective view of the device for extrusion according to the present invention in the area of the contact surface of the filter basket segments without the filter rods inserted, in the absence of the filter rods inserted,

[0062] Figure 3 : Partial perspective view of the device for extrusion according to the present invention in the area of the contact surface of the two filter basket segments before the connection,

[0063] Figure 4 : Partial perspective view of the device for extrusion according to the present invention in the area of the two filter basket segments connected to each other without the filter rods inserted,

[0064] Figure 5 : Top view of the first half of the filter stand (with the filter basket segments inserted into the three filter basket segments) without the filter rods inserted,

[0065] Figure 6 : Cross-section in the area of the filter basket segments of the filter stand according to the present invention, Figure 5

[0066] Figure 7 : Figure 6 : Detailed view of the filter basket segments in the area of the contact surface according to the present invention, and

[0067] Figure 8 : Top view of the second half of the filter stand (with the filter basket segments inserted into the three filter basket segments) without the filter rods inserted,

[0068] Figure 9 : Cross-section in the area of the filter basket segments of the filter stand according to the present invention, Figure 8

[0069] Figure 10 : Figure 9 : Detailed view of the filter basket segments in the area of the contact surface according to the present invention, and

[0070] Figure 11 : Perspective view of the filter stand of the device for extrusion according to the present invention in the closed state with the filter rods inserted and without the extrusion and transport worm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In the area of the filter basket segments of the filter stand according to the present invention, Figure 1 ​​A perspective view of the filter stand 2 of the apparatus 1 for extruding according to the application in the open state without a filter rod inserted and without extruding and conveying worm is shown in Fig. 1. The filter stand 2 is divided into an upper filter stand 2a and a lower filter stand 2b, which each have a basic shape like a half hollow cylinder. The filter baskets, which can be inserted into the upper filter stand 2a and the lower filter stand 2b, are divided into a plurality of filter basket sections 3 in the longitudinal direction. Here, each filter basket section 3 is divided into two filter basket segments 4, wherein the filter basket segments 4 of a filter basket section 3 are each arranged in a respective upper filter stand or lower filter stand 2a, 2b.

[0072] Not only the filter stand 2 but also the filter basket segments 4 have contact faces 5, which abut against one another in the closed state of the filter basket or filter stand 2 for the corresponding assembly. Furthermore, the filter basket segments 4 have clamping strips 6 for fixing a not shown filter rod in the respective filter basket segment 4 and for fastening the respective filter basket segment 4 in the filter basket or filter basket section 3 on the filter stand 2. On the left side of the lower filter basket segment 4 and on the right side in the upper filter basket segment 4, scraper blades are arranged on the clamping strips 6, which extend into the extruding space.

[0073] The extruding space, which is delimited by the filter basket, has a first opening 7 as an outlet or discharge opening for the extruded article and an inlet opening 8 at the end side. In the region of the opening 8, a not shown introduction duct is arranged, through which the extruded article can be fed into the filter basket.

[0074] Figure 2 A perspective view of the apparatus 1 for extruding according to the application in the region of the contact faces 5 of the filter basket segments 4 without an inserted filter rod is shown in Fig. 2. On the outer side of the clamping strips 6 in the radial direction of the filter basket, a first sealing band 10 of a sealing device 9 is arranged. The clamping strips 6 have a recess 12, 13 in the region of the outer side of the contact faces 5 and on the side opposite the contact faces 5, respectively. The recesses are realized, for example, by milling of the edges of the clamping strips 6. In the recesses 12, 13, the sealing band 10 is arranged on the outer side surrounding the clamping strips 6. A first end of the sealing band 10 is arranged in the recess 13 arranged on the side of the clamping strips 6 or the scraper blades opposite the contact faces 5. A second end of the sealing band 10 is configured in a U-shape and is at least partially arranged in the recess 12 arranged on the side of the contact faces 5. Here, the closed side of the U-shaped second end of the sealing band 10 projects from the recess 12. Instead of using the clamping strips 6, scraper blades can be used.

[0075] In Figure 3A partial perspective view of the device 1 for extrusion according to the application in the region of the contact faces 5 of the first filter basket section 4 and the second filter basket section 4 before the filter basket sections 4 are connected to one another into a filter basket is shown in Fig. 1. In addition to the first sealing band 10 of the first filter basket section 4, the sealing means 9 have a second sealing band 11 of the second filter basket section 4, which is arranged in the region of the side of the clamping strip 6 opposite the contact face 5 and on the outer side of the clamping strip 6 of the second filter basket section 4. Here, the recesses 12, 13 in the clamping strip 6 are configured such that the sealing bands 10, 11 are fixed in the region of the respective filter basket section 4 in a form-locked manner by means of the respective recess 13. The second end of the U-shaped configuration of the first sealing band 10 projects from the recess 12 in the clamping strip 6 of the first filter basket section 4 into the region of the recess 12 of the clamping strip 6 of the second filter basket section 4. Here, the first sealing band 10 projects further from the contact face 5 than the depth of the corresponding recess 12 of the second filter basket section 4.

[0076] Figure 4 A partial perspective view of the device 1 for extrusion according to the application in the region of the contact faces 5 of the filter basket sections 4, in which the first and second filter basket sections 4 are connected to one another, is shown in Fig. 2. Between the contact faces 5 of the filter basket sections 4, a narrow gap 14 is configured, which is sealed to the outside by means of the sealing means 9. By means of the force with which the contact faces 5 of the filter basket sections 4 are tensioned against one another, the first sealing band 10 of the sealing means 9 is deformed in the recess 12 of the clamping strip 6 of the filter basket section 4 such that the gap 14 is closed in the region of the sealing means 9. Figure 3

[0077] A partial perspective view of the device 1 for extrusion according to the application in the region of the contact faces 5 of the filter basket sections 4, in which the first and second filter basket sections 4 are connected to one another, is shown in Fig. 2. Between the contact faces 5 of the filter basket sections 4, a narrow gap 14 is configured, which is sealed to the outside by means of the sealing means 9. By means of the force with which the contact faces 5 of the filter basket sections 4 are tensioned against one another, the first sealing band 10 of the sealing means 9 is deformed in the recess 12 of the clamping strip 6 of the filter basket section 4 such that the gap 14 is closed in the region of the sealing means 9. Figure 5 A top view of the first half of the filter stand 2 with the filter basket sections 4, which are inserted into three filter basket sections 3, without the filter rods inserted is shown in Fig. 3.

[0078] Figure 6 A cross section along the cutting line A-A in the region of the filter basket sections 4 of the filter stand 2 according to the application is shown in Fig. 4. Figure 5

[0079] A detailed view of the filter basket section 4 of the filter stand 2 according to the application in the region of the contact face 5 is shown in Fig. 5. The clamping strip 6 and / or the scraper 6a has an opening and is connected to the filter stand 2 by means of a fastening means 15 arranged in the opening, which is configured as a screw. On the outside, the first sealing band 10 is fixed in a form-locked manner by means of the clamping strip 6 and / or the scraper, respectively. Figure 7 Figure 6

[0080] Figure 8 ​​​​The second half of the filter housing 2 is shown in a top view without inserted filter rods, with the filter basket segment 4 inserted into the three filter basket segments 3. The pressed product inlet 8 and the pressed product outlet 17 are particularly visible, with the pressed product leaving the press as a pressed cake.

[0081] exist Figure 9 Shown in Figure 8 A cross-section along the cutting line DD in the area of ​​the filter basket segment 4.

[0082] Figure 10 Show Figure 9 Detailed view of the filter basket segment 4 in the area of ​​its contact surface 5. The clamping strips 6 / scrapers have openings and are connected to the filter housing 2 by means of fastening elements 15 arranged in these openings, which are designed as screws. On the outside, the second sealing strip 10 is secured in a form-fitting manner by means of the clamping strips 6 / scrapers. The recesses 12 of the clamping strips 6, each located on the side of the contact surface 5, are free.

[0083] exist Figure 11 1 shows a perspective view of a filter housing 2 of an extrusion device 1 according to the invention in the closed state with filter rods 16 inserted into the filter basket section 3 and without an extrusion and conveying screw.

Claims

1. An apparatus (1) for extrusion, comprising a filter housing (2) for receiving a filter basket, wherein: The filter basket is divided into at least two filter basket sections (4) in the longitudinal direction, and at least one sealing device (9) is arranged in the region of the contact surface (5) of each filter basket section (4), by which a gap (14) existing between the contact surfaces (5) of two mutually connected filter basket sections (4) can be sealed outward in the radial direction of the filter basket. The sealing device (9) has a first sealing strip (10) in the region of the first filter basket section (4), which can seal the gap (14) between the contact surfaces (5) of the two mutually connected filter basket sections (4) by making the gap (14) between the contact surfaces (5) of the two mutually connected filter basket sections (4) ) is deformed by a tensioning force so as to seal a gap (14) existing between the contact surfaces (5), and the first sealing band (10) of the sealing device (9) extends from the contact surface (5) of the first filter basket section (4), characterized in that a first end of the first sealing band (10) is arranged in a recess (13) arranged on the side of the clamping strip (6) or the scraper opposite to the contact surface (5), and a second end of the first sealing band (10) is constructed in a U-shape and is at least partially arranged in a recess (12) arranged on the side of the contact surface (5).

2. The device for extrusion (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sealing band (10) is fixed in a form-fitting manner in the region of the contact surface (5) of the first filter basket section (4).

3. The device for extrusion (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first sealing band (10) of the sealing device (9) extends from the contact surface (5) of the first filter basket segment (4) into a recess (12) arranged on the side of the contact surface (5) of the second filter basket segment (4), so that the first sealing band (10) can be deformed when the filter basket segments (4) are connected to seal the gap (14) between the contact surfaces (5).

4. The device for extrusion (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that The first sealing band (10) protrudes from the contact surface (5) of the first filter basket section (4) further than the depth of a recess (12) arranged on the side of the contact surface (5) in the region of the corresponding contact surface (5) of the second filter basket section (4).

5. The device for extrusion (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The sealing device (9) has a second sealing strip (11) which is fixed in a form-fitting manner in the region of the contact surface (5) of the second filter basket section (4).

6. The device for extrusion (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that At least the first sealing strip (10) is fixed in the region of the contact surface (5) of the first filter basket section (4) by means of a clamping strip (6).

7. The device for extrusion (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that The recess (12) arranged on the side of the contact surface (5) is realized in a clamping strip (6) or a scraper, which is arranged in the region of the contact surface (5) of the second filter basket section (4).

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