Light emitting device and flat panel display apparatus including the same

Abstract

This application discloses a light-emitting device and a flat panel display device including the same. The light-emitting device includes: a substrate including a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel; a plurality of first electrodes respectively in the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel of the substrate; a second electrode facing the first electrodes; an emission layer located between the plurality of first electrodes and the second electrode; a hole injection layer between the plurality of first electrodes and the emission layer; a first common layer between the hole injection layer and the emission layer, the first common layer being integrally formed relative to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel; and a second common layer between the hole injection layer and the first common layer, the second common layer being integrally formed relative to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel, wherein the first common layer and the second common layer satisfy certain conditions. Specifically, the first common layer is composed of a blue body, and the blue body satisfies Equations 1 and 2: Equation 1|E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_REML Equation 2 |E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_GEML |

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0166005, filed on December 12, 2019, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] One or more aspects of embodiments of this disclosure relate to light-emitting devices and flat panel display devices including the same. Background Technology

[0004] The light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an emitting layer located between the anode and the cathode. Holes provided by the anode and electrons provided by the cathode recombine in the emitting layer to generate excitons, which transition from an excited state to the ground state, thereby producing light.

[0005] The light-emitting device can be driven at low voltage and can be configured to be lightweight and thin (thin and light), and has excellent characteristics in terms of viewing angle, contrast and / or response speed. Accordingly, the light-emitting device can be used in personal portable devices, such as MP3 players and / or mobile phones, as well as televisions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In light-emitting devices that include a common layer, there are typically two stacked emitting layers of different colors, with an interlayer inserted between the two emitting layers to prevent color mixing.

[0007] Although the interlayer serves as both the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer in a single device, because the interlayer directly contacts the emitter layer, an auxiliary layer may not be present (or may be included within it). Furthermore, due to the lack of an auxiliary layer, the driving voltage increases due to the high hole injection barrier, and electrons entering the interlayer from the emitter layer are not blocked, resulting in color mixing and reduced lifetime.

[0008] Furthermore, when electrons and holes are injected into two different emission layers, there are restrictions (e.g., requirements) that electrons and holes should not emit light even when passing through the common layer. In this regard, in related fields, electrons can pass through a sandwich between two different emission layers that are different from the common layer, and the sandwich is designed to prevent electrons from moving toward the hole transport region, so that electrons that do not move to the other emission layers emit light in the common layer.

[0009] Accordingly, other emitting layers can emit light of the same color as the common layer, that is, color mixing can occur.

[0010] The purpose of this disclosure is to solve various problems, including the aforementioned issues, and to provide a light-emitting device with reduced color mixing phenomena.

[0011] Other aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description or may be recognized by practice of the embodiments of this disclosure presented.

[0012] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a light-emitting device is provided, comprising: a substrate, including a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel.

[0013] Multiple first electrodes are respectively located in the first sub-pixel, second sub-pixel, and third sub-pixel of the substrate.

[0014] The second electrode facing the first electrode.

[0015] An emission layer between the second electrode and multiple first electrodes, the emission layer comprising a first emission layer in a first sub-pixel that emits first color light, a second emission layer in a second sub-pixel that emits second color light, and a third emission layer in a third sub-pixel that emits third color light.

[0016] Hole injection layer between the emitter layer and multiple first electrodes

[0017] A first common layer is formed between the hole injection layer and the emission layer, and this first common layer is integrally formed relative to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel.

[0018] A second common layer is formed between the hole injection layer and the first common layer, and this second common layer is formed as a whole relative to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel.

[0019] The first color of light is red, the second color is green, and the third color is blue.

[0020] The first common layer is basically composed of a blue main body, and

[0021] The blue subject satisfies equations 1 and 2 below.

[0022] Equation 1

[0023] |E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_REML |

[0024] Equation 2

[0025] |E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_GEML |

[0026] In equations 1 and 2, |E HOMO_BH | represents the absolute value of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of the blue host, and |E HOMO_REML |and|E HOMO_GEML | represents the absolute values ​​of the HOMO energy levels of the first and second emitter layers, respectively.

[0027] In this implementation, the first common layer may not emit light.

[0028] In this implementation, the gap between the HOMO level and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of the blue body can be about 2.8 eV or greater.

[0029] In the implementation, the threshold voltage (V) of the third emitter layer th It can be greater than each of the threshold voltages of the first emitter layer and the second emitter layer.

[0030] In an implementation, the first emission layer may include a first body, the second emission layer may include a second body, and the third emission layer may include a third body.

[0031] In the implementation, the third body and the blue body may be the same as or different from each other.

[0032] In this implementation, the first common layer can directly contact the emission layer.

[0033] In this implementation, the second common layer can directly contact the first common layer.

[0034] In this implementation, the second common layer can directly contact the hole injection layer.

[0035] In an implementation, the second common layer may be different from the hole injection layer.

[0036] In one implementation, the second common layer may include a hole-injection material.

[0037] In an embodiment, the hole injection material may include at least one of a compound represented by formula 201 and a compound represented by formula 202.

[0038] Formula 201

[0039]

[0040] Formula 202

[0041]

[0042] In equations 201 and 202,

[0043] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0044] L 205 Optional from *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0045] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 3 independently.

[0046] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10.

[0047] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, and

[0048] Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups, substituted C3-C10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted C1-C 60 Hypoaryl, substituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, substituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy groups, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, substituted C1-C 60 At least one substituent of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group may be selected from:

[0049] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy

[0050] Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q)11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12 ),

[0051] C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups,

[0052] Each is replaced by at least one of the following C3-Cs. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22-C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 ),as well as

[0053] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0054] Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, biphenyl and terphenyl.

[0055] In the implementation method, the thickness of the first common layer can be approximately to approximately Within the range.

[0056] In the implementation method, the thickness of the second common layer can be approximately to approximately Within the range.

[0057] In an embodiment, the hole injection layer may further include a p-doper.

[0058] In one embodiment, the p-doper may include at least one selected from quinone derivatives, metal oxides, and cyano-containing compounds.

[0059] In an embodiment, the light-emitting device may further include a hole transport layer between the hole injection layer and the emission layer.

[0060] In an embodiment, the light-emitting device may further include an electron transport region between the emitting layer and the second electrode.

[0061] In one embodiment, the plurality of first electrodes may be anodes, and

[0062] The second electrode can be a cathode.

[0063] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a flat panel display device including a thin-film transistor and a light-emitting device is provided. The thin-film transistor includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, wherein one or more of a plurality of first electrodes of the light-emitting device are electrically connected to one selected from the source electrode and the drain electrode. Attached Figure Description

[0064] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0065] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a portion of the emission spectrum of the light-emitting device according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1;

[0067] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the current-voltage-luminance (IVL) characteristics in the red emission region of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 2; and

[0068] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the leakage current ratio of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3. Detailed Implementation

[0069] Reference will now be made in more detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout. In this regard, embodiments may take different forms and should not be construed as limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, embodiments are described below only with reference to the figures to explain aspects of this description. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated enumerated items. Throughout this disclosure, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” indicates only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof. Expressions such as “one of…”, “selected from…”, and “at least one of…”, when preceding a column of elements, modify the elements of the entire column without modifying individual elements of the column. Furthermore, when describing embodiments of this disclosure, the word “may” is used to refer to “one or more embodiments of this disclosure.”

[0070] Because this disclosure allows for various modifications and numerous implementations, particular embodiments will be illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in more detail in written form. The effects and features of this disclosure, as well as methods of achieving them, will become apparent from the embodiments described below in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein.

[0071] Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical or corresponding components will be indicated by the same reference numerals, and therefore redundant descriptions will not be provided.

[0072] It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used in this document to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These components are used only to distinguish one component from another.

[0073] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0074] It will be further understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including” as used herein specify the presence of a feature or component of the description, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features or components.

[0075] In the following embodiments, when various components such as layers, films, regions, plates, etc., are referred to as being "on" another component, this includes not only cases where other components are "on" (or directly) the layer, film, region, or plate (without any other components in between), but also cases where other components can be placed in between. For ease of explanation, the dimensions of the elements in the figures may be enlarged. In other words, because the dimensions and thicknesses of the components in the figures are arbitrarily interpreted for ease of explanation, the following embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0076] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] refer to Figure 1 The light-emitting device 10 according to the embodiment includes: a substrate including a first sub-pixel SP1, a second sub-pixel SP2, and a third sub-pixel SP3; a plurality of first electrodes 110 respectively disposed in the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 of the substrate; a second electrode 190 facing the first electrode 110; and an emitting layer 150 located between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 190 and including a first emitting layer 150a, a second emitting layer 150b, and a third emitting layer 150c. The first emitting layer 150a is located in the first sub-pixel SP1 and emits (e.g., configured to emit) a first color light; the second emitting layer 150b is located in the second sub-pixel SP2 and emits (e.g., configured to emit) a second color light; and the third emitting layer 150c is located in the first sub-pixel SP1 and emits (e.g., configured to emit) a second color light. The third sub-pixel SP3 emits (e.g., configured to emit) a third color light; a hole injection layer 131 is located between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer 150; a first common layer 140 is located between the hole injection layer 131 and the emission layer 150 and is integrally formed relative to the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2 and the third sub-pixel SP3; and a second common layer 132 is located between the hole injection layer 131 and the first common layer 140 and is integrally formed relative to the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2 and the third sub-pixel SP3, wherein the first color light is red light, the second color light is green light, the third color light is blue light, and the first common layer 140 includes a blue body (e.g., composed of a blue body) and the blue body is a material that satisfies Equations 1 and 2.

[0078] Equation 1

[0079] |E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_REML |

[0080] Equation 2

[0081] |E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_GEML |

[0082] In equations 1 and 2, |E HOMO_BH | represents the absolute value of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of the blue host, and |E HOMO_REML |and|E HOMO_GEML | are the absolute values ​​of the HOMO energy levels of the first emitter layer 150a and the second emitter layer 150b, respectively.

[0083] In this embodiment, the first common layer 140 does not emit light.

[0084] In this embodiment, the gap between the HOMO level and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of the blue host is 2.8 eV or greater. For example, the gap between the HOMO level and the LUMO level of the blue host is in the range of about 3.0 eV to about 3.3 eV.

[0085] In this embodiment, the threshold voltage (V) of the third emitter layer 150c th It is greater than the threshold voltage of the first emitter layer 150a and the threshold voltage of the second emitter layer 150b.

[0086] In this embodiment, the first emission layer 150a includes a first body, the second emission layer 150b includes a second body, and the third emission layer 150c includes a third body.

[0087] In this embodiment, the third body and the blue body may be the same as or different from each other. For example, the third body and the blue body may be the same as each other.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first common layer 140 directly contacts the emission layer 150.

[0089] In this embodiment, the second common layer 132 directly contacts the first common layer 140.

[0090] In this embodiment, the second common layer 132 directly contacts the hole injection layer 131.

[0091] In this embodiment, the second common layer 132 is different from the hole injection layer 131. The second common layer 132 includes a hole injection material.

[0092] The hole injection material may include at least one selected from the compounds represented by formula 201 and the compounds represented by formula 202:

[0093] Formula 201

[0094]

[0095] Formula 202

[0096]

[0097] In equations 201 and 202,

[0098] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0099] L 205 Optional from *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0100] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 3 independently.

[0101] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10.

[0102] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, and

[0103] Replacement C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted C1-C 60 Hypoaryl, substituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, substituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy groups, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthioyl, substituted C1-C 60 At least one substituent of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group may be selected from:

[0104] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0105] Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12 );

[0106] C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups;

[0107] Each is replaced by at least one of the following C3-Cs. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 );as well as

[0108] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0109] Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, biphenyl and terphenyl.

[0110] In this embodiment, the thickness of the first common layer 140 is approximately to approximately Within the range.

[0111] In this embodiment, the thickness of the second common layer 132 is approximately to approximately Within the range.

[0112] In one embodiment, the light-emitting device 10 may further include a hole transport layer between the hole injection layer 131 and the emission layer 150, and may further include an electron transport region between the emission layer 150 and the second electrode 190. The layers are described in more detail below.

[0113] In this embodiment, the first common layer 140 is formed integrally with respect to the first to third sub-pixels (SP1, SP2 and SP3).

[0114] In a light-emitting device comprising R / G / B subpixels (e.g., composed of R / G / B subpixels), the threshold voltages of the individual subpixels are different from each other. Accordingly, when the initial driving conditions are different, other (e.g., undesirable) colors of light are emitted due to leakage current, and under the driving conditions of the main emitting subpixel, the lateral leakage current can produce other (e.g., undesirable) colors of light.

[0115] In this embodiment, unlike the structure of light-emitting devices in related fields, a first common layer 140 is further provided. Therefore, the initial driving conditions of each sub-pixel can be adjusted in the same or similar manner, or the initial driving characteristics can be adjusted to control emission, thereby preventing or reducing color mixing caused by leakage current.

[0116] Because the first common layer 140 does not contain dopants and only includes a blue body (e.g., composed of a blue body), the first common layer 140 does not contribute to actual emission.

[0117] Furthermore, compared to the first emission layer 150a that emits (e.g., configured to emit) red light and the second emission layer 150b that emits (e.g., configured to emit) green light, the blue body has a deeper HOMO energy level, so the first common layer 140 including the blue body (e.g., composed of the blue body) can control (or substantially control) hole injection between the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel (SP1, SP2 and SP3).

[0118] Furthermore, the first common layer 140 is located not only in the first sub-pixel SP1 and the second sub-pixel SP2, but also in the third sub-pixel SP3 that emits (e.g., is configured to emit) blue light. Therefore, changes to the characteristics of the blue device (e.g., the blue sub-pixel) can be minimized (or reduced), and green devices (e.g., green sub-pixels) and red devices (e.g., red sub-pixels) can be used (or utilized) simultaneously (or synchronously), simplifying the device structure and reducing the number of individual deposition masks.

[0119] Additionally, the first common layer 140, including the blue body (e.g., composed of a blue body), satisfies certain conditions. Conversely, when the layer corresponding to the first common layer 140 comprises an electron transport material or electron blocking material of the relevant field instead of the blue body, hole injection from the first common layer 140 to the third emitter layer 150c corresponding to the blue device (e.g., a blue sub-pixel) can be suppressed or substantially reduced. Therefore, the driving voltage can be increased, and the HOMO level of the common layer can mismatch with the HOMO levels of the body material of the first to third emitter layers (150a, 150b, and 150c) corresponding to the red, green, and blue devices (e.g., red, green, and blue sub-pixels), respectively, leading to a failure to prevent leakage current.

[0120] Furthermore, the second common layer 132 is located between the hole injection layer 131 and the first common layer 140. Therefore, hole injection from the first common layer 140 to the hole injection layer 131 can be facilitated, thereby suppressing or reducing the increase in driving voltage due to the insertion of the first common layer 140, and reducing the non-uniformity of holes injected into the first to third emitter layers (150a, 150b, and 150c) corresponding to red, green, and blue devices (e.g., red, green, and blue sub-pixels), respectively.

[0121] Furthermore, the first common layer 140 and the second common layer 132 may each have approximately to The thickness allows for a smooth balance between current injection and hole injection in the lateral direction, minimizing or substantially reducing the side effects on the overall characteristics of the device.

[0122] The light-emitting device 10 of this embodiment will be described in more detail below.

[0123] First electrode 110

[0124] exist Figure 1 In this configuration, the substrate may be located below the first electrode 110 or above the second electrode 190. The substrate may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate.

[0125] The first electrode 110 can be formed by depositing or sputtering one or more materials for forming the first electrode 110 on a substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, a high work function material that can easily inject holes can be used as the material for the first electrode 110.

[0126] The first electrode 110 can be independently a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 can be indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 can be magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0127] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers. For example, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited to this.

[0128] mezzanine

[0129] The interlayer is located on the first electrode 110. The interlayer includes an emitter layer 150.

[0130] The interlayer may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emitter layer 150, and an electron transport region between the emitter layer 150 and the second electrode 190.

[0131] In addition to one or more organic materials, the interlayer may further include metal-containing compounds (such as organometallic compounds) and / or inorganic materials (such as quantum dots).

[0132] Hole transport region in the interlayer

[0133] Hole transport regions may have: i) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer (composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer (composed of multiple different materials), or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers containing different materials.

[0134] Apart from Figure 1 In addition to the hole injection layer 131 described herein, the hole transport region may include at least one layer selected from the hole transport layer, the emission assist layer, and the electron blocking layer.

[0135] For example, the hole transport region may have a multi-layer structure, including a hole injection layer 131 / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer 131 / hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer 131 / emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer 131 / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, wherein, in each structure, the layers are stacked sequentially starting from the first electrode 110, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0136] The hole transport region may include the compound represented by Formula 201, the compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0137] Formula 201

[0138]

[0139] Formula 202

[0140]

[0141] In equations 201 and 202,

[0142] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, or substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0143] L 205 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q) 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, or substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0144] xa1 to xa4 can each be independently 0, 1, 2, or 3 (e.g., 0, 1, or 2).

[0145] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4), and

[0146] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, or substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0147] In one implementation, in formula 202, R 201 and R 202 Optionally linked via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group, and / or a diphenyl-methylene group, and R 203 and R 204 It may optionally be linked via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylene bond, and / or a diphenyl-methylene bond.

[0148] In one implementation, i) R of equation 201 201 To R 203 At least one of them and / or ii) R of Equation 202 201 To R 204 At least one of them may be independently selected from fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[fluorenyl], indo[phenanthryl], pyridyl, pyrroleyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzo[indolyl], isoindolyl, benzo[isoindolyl], benzo[thiopheneyl], benzo[furanyl], carbazoleyl, dibenzo[thiopheneyl], dibenzo[thiopheneyl], or dibenzo[furanyl], each unsubstituted or each substituted by at least one of the following: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, C1-C 10Alkyl-substituted phenyl, -F-substituted phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, indyl, fluorenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, diphenylfluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[fluorenyl], dimethylbenzo[fluorenyl], diphenylbenzo[fluorenyl], indo[phenanthryl], dimethylindo[phenanthryl], diphenylindo[phenanthryl], pyridyl, pyrroleyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, indoleyl, phenylindoleyl, benzo[indoleyl], phenylbenzo[indoleyl], isoindoleyl The compounds include phenylisoindolyl, benzoisoindolyl, phenylbenzisisoindolyl, benzothiopyrrolyl, dimethylbenzothiopyrrolyl, diphenylbenzothiopyrrolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazoleyl, phenylcarbazoleyl, biphenylcarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopyrrolyl, dimethyldibenzothiopyrrolyl, diphenyldibenzothiopyrrolyl, dibenzothiophenyl, and dibenzofuranyl, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0149] In one embodiment, the compound represented by formula 201 or formula 202 may include at least one carbazole group.

[0150] In one embodiment, the compound represented by formula 201 may not include a carbazole group.

[0151] The compound represented by formula 201 can be represented by the following formula 201-1:

[0152] Formula 201-1

[0153]

[0154] In one embodiment, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by formula 201-2 below, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0155] Formula 201-2

[0156]

[0157] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by the following formula 201-2(1), but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0158] Equation 201-2(1)

[0159]

[0160] The compound represented by formula 201 can be represented by formula 201A:

[0161] Formula 201A

[0162]

[0163] In one embodiment, the compound represented by formula 201 may be represented by the following formula 201A(1), but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0164] Formula 201A(1)

[0165]

[0166] In one embodiment, the compound represented by formula 201 can be represented by formula 201A-1:

[0167] Formula 201A-1

[0168]

[0169] In one embodiment, the compound represented by formula 202 can be represented by the following formula 202-1:

[0170] Formula 202-1

[0171]

[0172] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 202 can be represented by the following formula 202-1(1):

[0173] Equation 202-1(1)

[0174]

[0175] The compound represented by formula 202 can be represented by formula 202A:

[0176] Formula 202A

[0177]

[0178] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 202 may be represented by formula 202A-1:

[0179] Formula 202A-1

[0180]

[0181] In equations 201-1, 201-2, 201-2(1), 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202-1, 202-1(1), 202A, and 202A-1,

[0182] L 201 To L 203 xa1 to xa3, xa5 and R 202 To R 204 Same as above,

[0183] L 205 The choice can be made from phenylene and fluorene groups.

[0184] X 211 Selectable from O, S, and N(R) 211 ),

[0185] X 212 Selectable from O, S, and N(R) 212 ),

[0186] R 211 and R 212 Each can be independently associated with R 203 The same restrictions apply, and

[0187] R 213 To R 217 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkyl-substituted phenyl, -F-substituted phenyl, pentanenyl, indyl, naphthyl, azuleyl, heptenyl, indole-based, acenaphtheyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[fluorenyl], dibenzo[fluorenyl], phenatenyl, phenanthreneyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyreneyl, 1,2-benzophenanthreneyl, tetraphenyl, furanyl, peryl, pentanyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, kosyl, ovoidyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazoyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzo[carbazoyl], dibenzo[carbazoyl], dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridyl.

[0188] The hole transport region may include one of the following: compounds HT1 to HT44, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4”-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), or any combination thereof, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0189]

[0190]

[0191]

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] The thickness of the hole transport region can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately When the hole transport region includes at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Within a certain range, and the thickness of the hole transport layer can be approximately... to approximately For example, about to approximately Within these ranges, satisfactory (or suitable) hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage when the thicknesses of the hole transport region, hole injection layer, and hole transport layer are all within these ranges.

[0195] The emission assist layer can increase light emission efficiency by compensating for the optical resonant distance according to the wavelength of the light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can block or reduce the flow of electrons from the electron transport region. The emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer can include any of the materials described above.

[0196] p-dopants

[0197] In addition to these materials, the hole transport region may include charge-generating materials to improve conductivity. The charge-generating materials may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport region.

[0198] The charge-generating material can be, for example, a p-doped agent.

[0199] In one implementation, the LUMO level of the p-doped agent may be -3.5 eV or less.

[0200] p-dopers may include quinone derivatives, metal oxides, cyano-containing compounds, or any combination thereof, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0201] In one embodiment, the p-doper may include:

[0202] Quinone derivatives, such as TCNQ and / or F4-TCNQ, etc.;

[0203] Metal oxides, such as tungsten oxide and / or molybdenum oxide;

[0204] Compounds containing cyanide groups, such as HAT-CN;

[0205] Compounds represented by formula 221; or

[0206] Any combination thereof.

[0207] However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0208]

[0209] Equation 221

[0210]

[0211] In Equation 221,

[0212] R 221 To R 223 Each can be independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, or substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, and R 221 To R 223 At least one of them can be C3-C independently. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group or monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group, each unsubstituted or substituted by: cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, C1-C substituted by at least one cyano group. 20 Alkyl groups, C1-C substituted with at least one -F 20 Alkyl groups, C1-C substituted with at least one -Cl 20 Alkyl groups, C1-C substituted with at least one -Br 20 Alkyl groups, C1-C substituted with at least one -I 20 Alkyl groups or any combination thereof.

[0213] Emission layer 150 in the interlayer

[0214] The emission layer 150 includes a first emission layer 150a, a second emission layer 150b, and a third emission layer 150c.

[0215] The first emitting layer 150a, the second emitting layer 150b, and the third emitting layer 150c may each include a substrate (each including a first substrate to a third substrate) and a dopant. The dopant may include at least one selected from phosphorescent dopant and fluorescent dopant. The dopant may emit light of a first color to a third color. For example, the first color to the third color may each be independently selected from blue, red, and green light. Based on 100 parts by weight of the substrate, the amount of dopant may range from about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0216] In one or more embodiments, the emitter layer 150 may include quantum dots.

[0217] The thicknesses of the first emission layer 150a, the second emission layer 150b, and the third emission layer 150c can each be independently approximately [missing information]. to approximately For example, about to approximately When the thicknesses of the first emitting layer 150a, the second emitting layer 150b, and the third emitting layer 150c are within any of these ranges, excellent (or suitable) light-emitting characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0218] The main body in the emission layer 150

[0219] The blue body and the bodies (e.g., the first to the third bodies) may each independently include a compound represented by formula 301.

[0220] Formula 301

[0221] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 .

[0222] In Equation 301,

[0223] Ar 301 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 The carbocyclic group is either substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0224] xb11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0225] L 301 C3-C can be self-substituted or unsubstituted. 10Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0226] xb1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0227] R 301 The group can be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkyne group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)2(Q) 301 ) and -P(=O)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),and

[0228] xb21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5.

[0229] Q 301 To Q303 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0230] In one implementation, Ar in formula 301 301 Optional from:

[0231] Naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenatenyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, tetraphenyl, lavany, perylene, penfenyl, indoxanthryl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl; and

[0232] Each of the following is substituted with at least one of the following: naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, tetraphenyl, lavany, perylene, penfenyl, indoxanthryl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiophene: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0233] Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0234] When xb11 in equation 301 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0235] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 301 may be represented by formula 301-1 or formula 301-2:

[0236] Formula 301-1

[0237]

[0238] Formula 301-2

[0239]

[0240] In Equations 301-1 and 301-2,

[0241] Ring A 301 To Ring A 304 Each ring can be independently selected from benzene ring, naphthyl ring, phenanthrene ring, fluoranthene ring, triphenylene ring, pyrene ring, 1,2-benzophenanthrene ring, pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, indene ring, fluorene ring, spiro-difluorene ring, benzo[a]fluorene ring, dibenzo[a]fluorene ring, indole ring, carbazole ring, benzo[a]carbazole ring, dibenzo[a]carbazole ring, furan ring, benzo[a]furan ring, dibenzo[a]furan ring, naphthanofuran ring, benzo[a]naphthanofuran ring, dinaphthanofuran ring, thiophene ring, benzo[a]thiophene ring, dibenzo[a]thiophene ring, naphthanophene ring, benzo[a]naphthanophene ring, and dinaphthanophene ring.

[0242] X 301 Can be O, S or N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ],

[0243] R 311 To R 314 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0244] xb22 and xb23 can each be 0, 1, or 2 independently.

[0245] L 301 xb1, R 301 and Q 31 To Q 33 As described in this article,

[0246] L 302 To L 304 Each can be independently combined with L 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0247] xb2 to xb4 can each be independently identical to the one described in combination with xb1, and

[0248] R 302 To R 304 Each can independently combine with R 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0249] For example, L in Equations 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 To L 304 Each can be selected independently:

[0250] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorenelene, spiro-difluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthracene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiopheneyl Azolyl, iminothiazolyl, iminooxazolyl, iminooxazolyl, iminothiadiazolyl, iminooxadiazolyl, iminopyrazinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, triazinyl, iminopyrinyl, iminopyrinyl, iminopyrinyl, benzoquinolineyl, iminopyrazinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, and iminopyrazoleyl; and

[0251] Each of the following is substituted with at least one of the following: phenylene, naphthylene, fluorene, spiro-difluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthylene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiophene, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl. Azolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthrinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrolineyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl and zazacarbazolyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl Azolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0252] Q31 To Q 33 Same as described in this article.

[0253] In one embodiment, R in formulas 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 To R 304 Each can be selected independently:

[0254] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazole , thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl and azacarbazolyl; and

[0255] Each of the following is substituted with at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiophenyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl Oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthrolinel, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl and azacarbazolyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl Azolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0256] Q 31 To Q 33 Same as described in this article.

[0257] In one embodiment, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. For example, the host may be selected from Be complexes (e.g., compound H55), Mg complexes, and Zn complexes.

[0258] The main body may include at least one selected from 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-bis-(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-bis-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP) and compounds H1 to H120 below, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0259]

[0260]

[0261]

[0262]

[0263]

[0264]

[0265] Phosphorescent dopants in emitter layer 150

[0266] Phosphorescent dopants may include organometallic complexes represented by the following formula 401:

[0267] Formula 401

[0268] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2 .

[0269] In Equation 401,

[0270] M can be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), and thulium (Tm).

[0271] L 401 The ligand can be represented by Equation 402, and xc1 can be 1, 2, or 3, wherein when xc1 is 2 or greater, two or more L... 401 They can be the same or different from each other.

[0272] L 402 It can be an organic ligand, and xc2 can be an integer selected from 0 to 4, wherein when xc2 is 2 or greater, two or more L 402 They can be the same or different from each other.

[0273] Formula 402

[0274]

[0275] In Equation 402, X 401 To X 404 They can be nitrogen or carbon independently.

[0276] X 401 and X 403 They can be connected to each other via single or double bonds, and X 402 and X 404 They can be connected to each other via single or double bonds.

[0277] A 401 and A 402 Each can be independently classified as C5-C 60Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0278] X 405 It can be a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q) 411 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 ) = *' or * = C = *', where Q 411 and Q 412 It can be hydrogen, deuterium, or C1-C. 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl,

[0279] X 406 It can be a single bond, O, or S.

[0280] R 401 and R 402 Each can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 20 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q)402 ), where Q 401 To Q 403 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, C6-C 20 Aryl and C1-C 20 Mixed aromatics,

[0281] xc11 and xc12 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 3 independently, and

[0282] In Equation 402, * and *' each indicate the binding site with M in Equation 401.

[0283] In one implementation, A in formula 402 401 and A 402 Each of the following can be independently selected from phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, indyl, pyrroleyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, benzo[c]thiopheneyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisooxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl.

[0284] In one or more embodiments, in formula 402, i)X 401 It can be nitrogen, and X 402 It can be carbon, or ii)X 401 and X 402 Each of the elements can be nitrogen.

[0285] In one or more embodiments, R in formula 402 401 and R 402 Each can be selected independently:

[0286] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0287] Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, phenyl, naphthyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, and norbornyl;

[0288] Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiophenyl;

[0289] Each of the following substituted groups is selected from at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornel-enyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornel-alkenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, carbazoleyl, dibenzofuranyl, and dibenzothiopheneyl; and

[0290] -Si(Q 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0291] Q 401 To Q 403 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, and naphthyl groups are used, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0292] In one or more embodiments, when xc1 in equation 401 is 2 or greater, two or more L 401 The two A's in 401 Optionally via linking group X 407 Connected to each other, or two or more L 401 The two A's in 402 Optionally via linking group X 408 They are interconnected (see, for example, compounds PD1 through PD4 and PD7). X407 and X 408 Each can be independently a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q)-*', or *-N(Q)-*'. 413 )-*'、*-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-*' or *-C(Q 413 )=C(Q 414 )-*'(where Q 413 and Q 414 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, or C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 (Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl or naphthyl), but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0293] L in Equation 401 402 It can be a monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organic ligand. For example, L... 402 The materials may be selected from halogens, diketones (e.g., acetylacetonates), carboxylic acids (e.g., pyridine carboxylate), -C (=O), isonitriles, -CN, and phosphorus-containing materials (e.g., phosphine and / or phosphites), but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0294] In one or more embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may be selected from, for example, compounds PD1 to PD25 listed below, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0295]

[0296]

[0297] Fluorescent dopants in emitter layer 150

[0298] Fluorescent dopants may include aromatic amine compounds or styrene amine compounds.

[0299] Fluorescent dopants may include compounds represented by the following formula 501:

[0300] Formula 501

[0301]

[0302] In Equation 501,

[0303] Ar 501 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 The carbocyclic group is either substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0304] L 501 To L 503Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0305] xd1 to xd3 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 3 independently.

[0306] R 501 and R 502 Each can be independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C. 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, and

[0307] xd4 can be an integer selected from 1 to 6.

[0308] In one implementation, Ar in Formula 501 501 Optional from:

[0309] Naphthyl, heptadeninyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, tetraphenyl, lavany, perylene, penfenyl, indoxanthryl, and indoxanthryl; and

[0310] Each of the following substituted groups is selected from at least one of the following: naphthyl, heptalenyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, tetraphenyl, lavany, perylene, penfenyl, ind[a]anthryl, and ind[a]phenanthryl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0311] In one or more embodiments, L in Formula 501 501 To L 503 Each can be selected independently:

[0312] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorene, spiro-difluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthracene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridylene; and

[0313] Each of the following substituted groups is selected from at least one of the following: phenylene, naphthylene, fluorene, spiro-difluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthylene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiophene, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzothiophene, and pyridylene: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthraceneyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentofenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridyl.

[0314] In one or more embodiments, R in formula 501 501 and R 502 Each can be selected independently:

[0315] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiophenyl, and pyridyl; and

[0316] Each of the following substituted groups is selected from at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzo[a]carbazoleyl, dibenzo[a]carbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, and pyridyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, and -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 ),

[0317] Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0318] In one or more embodiments, xd4 in formula 501 may be 2, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0319] For example, fluorescent dopants can be selected from compounds FD1 to FD36 below:

[0320]

[0321]

[0322]

[0323]

[0324] In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0325]

[0326] Quantum dots in emitter layer 150

[0327] The emitter layer 150 may include quantum dots.

[0328] In this specification, quantum dot refers to a crystal of semiconductor compound and may include all materials that emit emission wavelengths of different lengths depending on the size of the crystal. Accordingly, the materials used for quantum dots are not particularly limited. The diameter of quantum dots is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, from about 1 nm to about 10 nm.

[0329] Quantum dots arranged in the emitter layer can be synthesized using wet chemical processes, metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) processes, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) processes, and / or any suitable processes similar to those used in the process.

[0330] In wet chemical processes, precursor materials are added to an organic solvent to grow crystals of quantum dot particles. As the crystals grow, the organic solvent acts as a dispersant for natural coordination on the surface of the quantum dot crystals and controls the crystal growth. Therefore, compared to vapor deposition such as MOCVD or MBE, wet chemical processes are relatively easy to handle, and the growth of quantum dot particles can be controlled through a relatively low-cost process, i.e., wet chemical processes. In some embodiments, quantum dots may include: group III-VI semiconductor compounds, group II-VI semiconductor compounds, group III-V semiconductor compounds, group IV-VI semiconductor compounds, group IV elements or compounds, or any combination thereof.

[0331] For example, group III-VI semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds such as In2S3; ternary compounds such as AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS and / or CuInS2; or any combination thereof.

[0332] For example, group II-VI semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds such as CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe and / or MgS; ternary compounds such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnS e, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe and / or MgZnS; quaternary compounds such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe and / or HgZnSTe; or any combination thereof.

[0333] For example, group III-V semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb and / or GaAlNP; or any combination thereof.

[0334] For example, group IV-VI semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds such as SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe and / or PbTe; ternary compounds such as SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe and / or SnPbTe; quaternary compounds such as SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe and / or SnPbSTe; or any combination thereof.

[0335] For example, Group IV elements or compounds may include: single-element compounds such as Si and / or Ge; binary compounds such as SiC and / or SiGe; or any combination thereof.

[0336] Each element included in a binary, ternary, or quaternary compound may exist in the particles at a uniform concentration, or may exist in the same particles in a state where the concentration distributions are partially different.

[0337] In some embodiments, the quantum dot may have a single structure in which the concentration of each element contained in the quantum dot is uniform, or it may have a core-shell dual structure. For example, the materials included in the core and the materials included in the shell may be different from each other.

[0338] The shell of a quantum dot can serve as a protective layer to maintain semiconductor properties by preventing or reducing the chemical degradation of the nucleus and / or as a charging layer to impart electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell can be a single layer or multiple layers. The interface between the nucleus and the shell can have a concentration gradient in which the concentration of atoms present in the shell decreases toward the center.

[0339] Examples of shells for quantum dots may include metal oxides, non-metal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or any combination thereof. For example, metal oxides or non-metal oxides may include binary compounds such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and / or NiO, and / or ternary compounds such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and / or CoMn2O4, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, semiconductor compounds may include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, and / or AlSb, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0340] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots can be about 45 nm or less, for example, about 40 nm or less, for example, about 30 nm or less. When the FWHM of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots is in this range, color purity and / or color reproducibility can be improved. In addition, the light emitted by such quantum dots radiates in all directions, thereby improving the wide viewing angle.

[0341] In some embodiments, quantum dots may be specifically spherical, conical, multi-armed and / or cubic nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers and / or nanoplate particles, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0342] By adjusting the size of the quantum dots, the band gap is adjustable, thus allowing light of various wavelengths to be obtained from the emitting layer 150. Therefore, light-emitting devices emitting various wavelengths can be implemented by using quantum dots of different sizes. For example, the size of the quantum dots can be selected to emit red, green, and / or blue light. Additionally, the size of the quantum dots can be configured to emit white light, a combination of various colors.

[0343] Electron transport region in the interlayer

[0344] The electron transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer (composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer (composed of multiple different materials), or iii) a multi-layer structure including multiple layers containing different materials.

[0345] The electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0346] For example, the electron transport region may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, wherein for each structure, the constituent layers are stacked sequentially from the emitter layer. However, the implementation of the electron transport region structure is not limited to this.

[0347] The electron transport region (e.g., a buffer layer, hole blocking layer, electron control layer, and / or electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may include a metal-free compound containing at least one ring of nitrogen with π electron depletion, which can readily accept electrons (e.g., it has suitable electron accepting properties).

[0348] "A ring containing nitrogen with depleted π electrons" refers to a C1-C ring having at least one *-N=*' moiety as the cyclic part. 60 Heterocyclic groups.

[0349] For example, "a ring containing nitrogen with depleted π electrons" can be i) a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group having at least one *-N=*' moiety, ii) a heteropolycyclic group, wherein two or more 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic groups each having at least one *-N=*' moiety are fused together, or iii) a heteropolycyclic group, wherein at least one 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group each having at least one *-N=*' moiety is combined with at least one C5-C 60 Fusing of carbocyclic groups.

[0350] Examples of nitrogen rings containing depleted π electrons include, but are not limited to, imidazoles, pyrazoles, thiazoles, isothiazoles, oxazoles, isoxazoles, pyridines, pyrazines, pyrimidines, pyridazines, indazoles, purines, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzoquinoline, phthalazines, naphthidine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cyclophosphine, phenanthridine, acridine, phenanthridine, phenazine, benzimidazole, benziisothiazole, benzoxazole, benziisoxazole, triazoles, tetraazoles, oxadiazoles, triazines, thiadiazoles, imidazopyridines, imidazopyrimidines, and azacarbazoles.

[0351] For example, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by formula 601:

[0352] Formula 601

[0353] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21 .

[0354] In Equation 601,

[0355] Ar 601 C5-C can be substituted or unsubstituted. 60 The carbocyclic group is either substituted or unsubstituted C1-C. 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0356] xe11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0357] L 601 C3-C can be self-substituted or unsubstituted. 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0358] xe1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0359] R 601 C3-C can be self-substituted or unsubstituted. 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10Heterocyclic alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0360] Q 601 To Q 603 Each can be independently C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl, and

[0361] xe21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5.

[0362] In one implementation, the number of Ar atoms selected is xe11. 601 and the number of R is xe21 601 At least one of them may include the aforementioned ring of nitrogen containing π electrons depleted.

[0363] In one implementation, Ar in Formula 601 601 Optional from:

[0364] Phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, tetraphenyl, lavany, perylene, penfenyl, indoxane, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, carbazole, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridyl Azinyl, indazole, purinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cenolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthrolinel, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; and

[0365] Each of the following is substituted with at least one of the following: phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, tetraphenyl, lavany, perylene, penfenyl, indoxaneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, carbazole, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indazole, or purine. Quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthrolinel, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, thiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl and azacarbazolyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0366] Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently selected from C1-C 10 Alkyl, C1-C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0367] When xe11 in equation 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 It can be connected via a single button.

[0368] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 601 601 It can be anthracene.

[0369] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by formula 601 may be represented by formula 601-1:

[0370] <Formula 601-1>

[0371]

[0372] In Equation 601-1,

[0373] X 614 It can be N or C(R) 614 ), X 615 It can be N or C(R)615 ), X 616 It can be N or C(R) 616 ), selected from X 614 To X 616 At least one of them can be N,

[0374] L 611 To L 613 Each can be independently combined with L 601 The descriptions are the same.

[0375] xe611 to xe613 can each be independently identical to the description in conjunction with xe1.

[0376] R 611 To R 613 Each can independently combine with R 601 The descriptions are the same.

[0377] R 614 To R 616 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, and naphthyl.

[0378] In one embodiment, L in Formula 601 and Formula 601-1 601 and L 611 To L 613 Each can be selected independently:

[0379] Phenylidene, naphthylene, fluorenelene, spiro-difluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthracene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiopheneyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiopheneyl Azolyl, iminothiazolyl, iminooxazolyl, iminooxazolyl, iminothiadiazolyl, iminooxadiazolyl, iminopyrazinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, triazinyl, iminopyrinyl, iminopyrinyl, iminopyrinyl, benzoquinolineyl, iminopyrazinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, iminopyridinyl, and iminopyrazoleyl; and

[0380] Each of the following is substituted with at least one of the following: phenylene, naphthylene, fluorene, spiro-difluorene, benzo[a]fluorene, dibenzo[a]fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthylene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenylene, pentaphenylene, thiophene, furanyl, carbazolyl, indoleyl, isoyindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzo[a]carbazolyl, dibenzothiophene, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl. Azolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinoxalinyl, phenanthrinyl, acridineyl, phenanthrolineyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, benzisisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl and zazacarbazolyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazole Pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl.

[0381] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0382] In one or more embodiments, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in Formula 601 and Formula 601-1 may each be 0, 1 or 2 independently.

[0383] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 601 and Formula 601-1 601 and R 611 To R 613 Each can be selected independently:

[0384] Phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thiophene, furanyl, carbazole, indole, isoindole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl Azolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl;

[0385] Each of the following is substituted with at least one of the following: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiophenyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl Oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthridine, acridineyl, phenanthrolinel, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl and azacarbazolyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, dibenzo[a]fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentafenyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazoleyl, indoleyl, isoindoleyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiopheneyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, dibenzothiopheneyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, Pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphridinyl, quinoxolinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, phenanthridineyl, acridineyl, phenanthroxolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, and azacarbazolyl; and

[0386] -S(=O)2(Q 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0387] Q 601 and Q 602 Same as described in this article.

[0388] The electron transport region may include at least one compound selected from compounds ET1 to ET36, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0389]

[0390]

[0391]

[0392]

[0393] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include at least one selected from: 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), and NTAZ.

[0394]

[0395] The thicknesses of the buffer layer, hole-blocking layer, and electronic control layer can each be ranged independently within approximately [range missing]. to approximately For example, about to approximately Within these ranges, when the thicknesses of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, and electronic control layer are within any of these ranges, excellent (or suitable) hole blocking characteristics and / or excellent (or suitable) electronic control characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0396] The thickness of the electron transport layer can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Within these ranges, when the thickness of the electron transport layer is within any of these ranges, the electron transport layer can have satisfactory (or suitable) electron transport characteristics without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0397] In addition to the materials mentioned above, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may further include a metallic material.

[0398] The metal-containing material may include at least one selected from alkali metal complexes and alkaline earth metal complexes. Alkali metal complexes may include metal ions selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs ions, and alkaline earth metal complexes may include metal ions selected from Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba ions. The ligand coordinating with the metal ion of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal complex may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthrene, and cyclopentadiene, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0399] For example, metallic materials may include Li complexes. Li complexes may include, for example, the following compounds: ET-D1 (lithium 8-hydroxyquinoline, LiQ) and / or ET-D2:

[0400]

[0401] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that allows electrons to be readily supplied from the second electrode 190. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the second electrode 190.

[0402] The electron injection layer may have i) a monolayer structure consisting of a single layer (composed of a single material), ii) a monolayer structure consisting of a single layer (composed of multiple different materials), or iii) a multilayer structure having multiple layers composed of multiple different materials.

[0403] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0404] The alkali metal may be selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In one embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, Na, or Cs. In one or more embodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0405] The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

[0406] The rare earth metal may be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and Gd.

[0407] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may each independently be selected from oxides and halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides) of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal, respectively.

[0408] The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides (such as Li2O, Cs2O, and / or K2O) and alkali metal halides (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and / or KI). In one embodiment, the alkali metal compound may be selected from LiF, Li2O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0409] The alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from alkaline earth metal oxides, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr<000073 (should be 1-x probably a typo in the original) O(0<x<1) and / or Ba x Ca 1-x O(0<x<1). In one embodiment, the alkaline earth metal compound may be selected from BaO, SrO, and CaO, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0410] The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, and TbF3. In one embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF3, ScF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, and TbI3, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0411] Alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, and rare earth metal complexes may respectively include ions of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals as described above, and the ligands coordinated with the metal ions of alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, or rare earth metal complexes may be selected from hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenidine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, and cyclopentadiene, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0412] The electron injection layer may include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof, as described above (e.g., may be composed of the following). In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may further include organic materials. When the electron injection layer further includes organic materials, the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix comprising organic materials.

[0413] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Within these ranges, satisfactory (or suitable) electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage when the thickness of the electron-injected layer is within any of these ranges.

[0414] In addition to the materials mentioned above, the electron injection layer may further include metallic materials.

[0415] Second electrode 190

[0416] As described above, the light-emitting device 10 includes a second electrode 190 facing the first electrode 110. The second electrode 190 may be a cathode, which is an electron injection electrode, and in this regard, the material used to form the second electrode 190 may be selected from metals, alloys, electrically conductive compounds, and combinations thereof that have relatively low work function.

[0417] The second electrode 190 may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ITO, and IZO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The second electrode 190 may be a transmission electrode, a semi-transmission electrode, or a reflection electrode.

[0418] The second electrode 190 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure comprising two or more layers.

[0419] For example, the first electrode 110 can be the anode, and the second electrode 190 can be the cathode. In this regard, the anode can be transmissive, and the cathode can be reflective or semi-transmissive.

[0420] Capping layer

[0421] The first capping layer may be located outside the first electrode 110, and / or the second capping layer may be located outside the second electrode 190. In some embodiments, the light-emitting device 10 may have a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer, and the second electrode 190 are stacked sequentially in the order stated herein, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer, the second electrode 190, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the order stated herein, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer, the second electrode 190, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the order stated herein.

[0422] The light generated in the emitting layer 150 of the interlayer of the light-emitting device 10 can be extracted outward through the first electrode 110 and the first capping layer. Each of the first electrode 110 and the first capping layer can be a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode. And / or the light generated in the emitting layer 150 of the interlayer of the light-emitting device 10 can be extracted outward through the second electrode 190 and the second capping layer. Each of the second electrode 190 and the second capping layer can be a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode.

[0423] The first and second capping layers can increase the external luminescence efficiency based on the principle of constructive interference.

[0424] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can each be independently an organic capping layer including organic materials, an inorganic capping layer including inorganic materials, or a composite capping layer including both organic and inorganic materials.

[0425] At least one of the compounds selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may independently comprise a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amino-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthyl phthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or a combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, heterocyclic compound, and amino-containing compound may be optionally substituted independently with substituents containing O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof.

[0426] In one embodiment, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently comprise an amino-containing compound.

[0427] For example, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound represented by formula 201, a compound represented by formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0428] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently comprise a compound selected from compounds HT28 to HT33, compounds CP1 to CP5, or any combination thereof, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0429]

[0430] equipment

[0431] The aforementioned light-emitting device can be included in a variety of suitable devices. For example, light-emitting devices, authentication devices, and / or electronic devices that include the light-emitting device can be provided.

[0432] In addition to the light-emitting device, the light-emitting device may further include a color filter. The color filter may be located in at least one direction of travel of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. For example, the light emitted from the light-emitting device may be blue light, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. The light-emitting device is the same as that described herein.

[0433] The light-emitting device may include a first substrate. The first substrate may include a plurality of sub-pixel regions, and the color filter may include a plurality of color filter regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions.

[0434] A pixel-defining film can be formed between multiple sub-pixel regions to define each sub-pixel region.

[0435] The color filter may further include a light-blocking pattern located between multiple color filter areas.

[0436] Multiple color filter regions may include a first color filter region emitting (or for emitting) a first color light, a second color filter region emitting (or for emitting) a second color light, and / or a third color filter region emitting (or for emitting) a third color light, wherein the first, second, and third color lights may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. For example, the first color light may be red, the second color light may be green, and the third color light may be blue, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, each of the multiple color filter regions may include a quantum dot, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first color filter region may include red quantum dots, the second color filter region may include green quantum dots, and the third color filter region may not include quantum dots. Quantum dots are the same as those described herein. Each of the first, second, and third color filter regions may include a scatterer (e.g., a scattering material), but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0437] For example, the light-emitting device can emit a first light, a first color filter region can absorb the first light to emit a first first color light, a second color filter region can absorb the first light to emit a second first color light, and a third color filter region can absorb the first light to emit a third first color light. In this respect, the first first color light, the second first color light, and the third first color light can have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. For example, the first light can be blue light, the first first color light can be red light, the second first color light can be green light, and the third first color light can be blue light, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0438] In addition to the light-emitting device as described herein, the light-emitting device may further include a thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, wherein one of the source and drain electrodes is electrically contactable with one or more first electrodes of the light-emitting device or electrically contactable with a second electrode of the light-emitting device.

[0439] Thin-film transistors may further include gate electrodes and / or gate insulating layers, etc.

[0440] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0441] The light-emitting device may further include a sealing portion for sealing the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be located between the color filter and the light-emitting device. The sealing portion allows light to be emitted from the light-emitting device to the outside and simultaneously blocks (or reduces) the penetration of outside air and / or moisture into the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate comprising a transparent glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin-film encapsulation layer comprising multiple organic layers and / or multiple inorganic layers. When the sealing portion is a thin-film encapsulation layer, the light-emitting device may be flexible.

[0442] Light-emitting devices can be used as various suitable displays and / or light sources, etc.

[0443] The authentication device may be, for example, a biometric authentication device for authenticating an individual by using biometric information of the biometric sample (e.g., fingertip and / or pupil, etc.).

[0444] In addition to the light-emitting device, the certification device may further include a bioassay information collector.

[0445] Electronic devices can be applied to personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, video game consoles, medical tools (e.g., electronic thermometers, blood pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, pulse measuring devices, pulse wave measuring devices, electrocardiogram (ECG) displays, ultrasound diagnostic devices and / or endoscope displays), fish finders, various measuring tools, measuring instruments (e.g., measuring instruments for vehicles, aircraft and / or containers) and / or projectors, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0446] Preparation method

[0447] The layers constituting the hole transport region, the emitter layer, and the electron transport region can be formed in a region using one or more suitable methods selected from the following: vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Brookett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI).

[0448] When any one of the layers constituting the hole transport region, the emitter layer, and the electron transport region is formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition can be carried out at a deposition temperature of about 100°C to about 500°C, taking into account the materials to be included in the layer to be formed and the structure of the layer to be formed. -8 To about 10 -3 The vacuum degree and about to approximately The deposition was carried out at a certain rate.

[0449] When any one of the layers constituting the hole transport region, the emitter layer, and the electron transport region is formed by spin coating, spin coating can be performed at a coating speed of about 2,000 rpm to about 5,000 rpm and a heat treatment temperature of about 80°C to about 200°C, taking into account the material to be included in the layer to be formed and the structure of the layer to be formed.

[0450] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "alkyl" refers to a monovalent group of a straight-chain or branched aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably C1-C. 20 Alkyl groups, and non-limiting examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, and hexyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C" is used in conjunction with alkyl groups. 60 "alkylene" refers to a compound with C1-C2 atoms. 60 Alkyl groups are divalent groups with the same structure.

[0451] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" refers to the group formed at C2-C. 60The alkyl group has at least one carbon-carbon double bond at the main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at the end (e.g., terminal), and examples include vinyl, propenyl and butenyl.

[0452] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" refers to the group at C2-C 60 The alkyl group has at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at the main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at the end (e.g., terminal), and examples include ethynyl and propynyl.

[0453] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkoxy" refers to the compound formed by -OA 101 (where A) 101 For C1-C 60 The monovalent group represented by alkyl is preferred, especially "C1-C". 20 "Alkoxy", and examples of it include methoxy, ethoxy and isopropoxy.

[0454] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monocyclic hydrocarbon group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also relevant. 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to a compound with C3-C66 atoms. 10 Cycloalkyl groups are essentially divalent groups with the same structure.

[0455] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclic atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a compound with C1-C2 atoms. 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups are essentially divalent groups with the same structure.

[0456] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and lacking aromaticity (e.g., it is not aromatic), and examples include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also relevant. 10 "Biopylidene alkenyl" refers to a group that has a similar structure to C3-C4. 10 Cycloalkenyl groups are essentially divalent groups with the same structure.

[0457] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10"Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclic atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one double bond in its ring. C1-C 10 Examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiopheneyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a group that has a similar structure to C1-C1. 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl groups are essentially divalent groups with the same structure.

[0458] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system containing 6 to 60 carbon atoms. (C6-C) 60 Non-limiting examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthryl, pyrene, and 1,2-benzophenanthryl. The term "C6-C" as used herein... 60 "Asyl" refers to compounds with C6-C 60 Aryl groups have the same structure as divalent groups. When C6-C... 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups independently comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings can be fused together.

[0459] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group that has a heterocyclic aromatic system (in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms, it has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclic atom). C1-C 60 Non-limiting examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, and isoquinolinyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C" is relevant to the overall meaning of the heteroaryl group. 60 "Hybrid aryl" refers to aryl compounds with C1-C24 ... 60 A heteroaryl group with the same structure as a divalent group. When C1-C 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When each heteroaryl group independently comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings can fused together (joint).

[0460] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy group" refers to -OA 102 (where A) 102 For C6-C 60 Aryl), and as used herein by the term "C6-C" 60 "Arylthio" refers to -SA 103 (where A) 103 For C6-C 60 Aryl).

[0461] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused together, with only carbon atoms as cyclic atoms (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms), and whose entire molecular structure is non-aromatic (e.g., the molecular structure as a whole is nonaromatic). A non-limiting example of a monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group is the fluorene group. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0462] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused together, having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and whose overall molecular structure is non-aromatic (e.g., the molecular structure as a whole is nonaromatic). A non-limiting example of a monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group is the carbazoyl group. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group.

[0463] As used in this article, the term "C5-C" 60 A "carbocyclic group" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group consisting of 5 to 60 carbon atoms, with only carbon atoms as cyclic atoms. (C5-C) 60 The carbocyclic group can be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. (C5-C) 60 The carbocyclic group can be a ring (e.g., benzene), a monovalent group (e.g., phenyl), or a divalent group (e.g., phenylene). In one or more embodiments, depending on the connection to C5-C... 60 The number of substituents in the carbocyclic group, C5-C 60 The carbon ring group can be a trivalent group or a tetravalent group.

[0464] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Heterocyclic group" refers to C5-C 60 A carbocyclic group is a group with the same structure, except that, in addition to carbon atoms (the number of carbon atoms can range from 1 to 60), at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P and S is used as the cyclic atom.

[0465] Replacement C5-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted C1-C 60Hypoaryl, substituted divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups, substituted divalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C1-C 60 Alkylene, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C1-C 60 At least one substituent of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group may be selected from:

[0466] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkoxy;

[0467] Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12 );

[0468] C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups;

[0469] Each is replaced by at least one of the following C3-Cs. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 );as well as

[0470] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32-C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0471] Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each group can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, biphenyl and terphenyl.

[0472] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" refers to a phenyl group that has been substituted with a phenyl group. For example, a "biphenyl" can be a phenyl group having a C6-C2 configuration. 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0473] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" refers to a "phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group." For example, "terphenyl" could be a phenyl group having a C6-C substituted biphenyl group. 60 Aryl-substituted C6-C 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0474] Unless otherwise defined, as used herein, * and *' refer to the binding site of the adjacent atom in the corresponding formula.

[0475] Example

[0476] Referring to the embodiments and comparative examples, the materials used in the hole injection layer, hole transport layer, emitter layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, first common layer, and second common layer are compounds that satisfy the respective descriptions presented herein for each layer. However, these embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the implementation of this disclosure.

[0477] Example 1

[0478] As the anode, 15Ω / cm from Corning Incorporated 2 The ITO glass substrate was cut into 50mm × 50mm × 0.7mm pieces and ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, then cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet light and ozone for 30 minutes. The resulting glass substrate was then mounted on a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0479] Compounds HT3 and HAT-CN were co-deposited on a glass substrate at a ratio of 99:1 until... The thickness, and the compound HT3 is deposited on it to The thickness, thus forming a thickness with A hole injection layer of total thickness is formed, and then compound Al is vacuum-deposited onto the hole injection layer to form a structure with... The thickness of the second common layer.

[0480]

[0481] Subsequently, CBP was vacuum-deposited onto the second common layer to form a layer with The thickness of the first common layer.

[0482] Subsequently, in the blue sub-pixel region, the CBP as the host and the aromatic amine compound (compound FD14) of this embodiment as the blue dopant are co-deposited on the first common layer at a weight ratio of 97:3, thereby forming a layer with... A blue organic emission layer of varying thickness.

[0483] Subsequently, in the red sub-pixel region, CBP (as the host material) and Ir(btp)2(acac) (as the red dopant) are co-deposited on the first common layer at a weight ratio of 97:3, thereby forming a layer with... A red organic emission layer of considerable thickness.

[0484] Subsequently, in the green sub-pixel region, CBP (as the host material) and Ir(ppy)3 (as the green dopant) are co-deposited on the first common layer at a weight ratio of 94:6, thereby forming a layer with... A green organic emission layer of varying thickness.

[0485] At this point, the HOMO energy levels of the first common layer, the red organic emission layer, the green organic emission layer, and the hole injection layer, as well as the work function of the second common layer, are as follows:

[0486] First common layer: HOMO = -5.99eV;

[0487] Red organic emitter layer: HOMO = -5.37 eV;

[0488] Green organic emitter layer: HOMO = -5.57eV;

[0489] The work function of the second common layer is -5.2 eV.

[0490] Hole injection layer: HOMO = -5.54 eV.

[0491] BAlq was deposited on blue, red, and green organic emission layers to form a... A buffer layer of a certain thickness for hole blocking is formed, and Alq3 and LiQ are co-deposited on it in a 1:1 ratio to form a layer with... An electron transport layer of a certain thickness.

[0492] Yb is deposited on the electron transport layer to form a layer with... An electron-injected layer of a certain thickness was formed, and Ag and Mg were co-deposited on it in a 9:1 ratio to form a layer with... A Yb / Ag:Mg electrode of a certain thickness is used as the cathode to complete the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0493] Comparative Example 1

[0494] The light-emitting device is manufactured in essentially the same manner as that used in Example 1, except that the light-emitting device does not include the first common layer and the second common layer.

[0495] Comparative Example 2

[0496] The light-emitting device is manufactured in essentially the same manner as that used in Example 1, except that the light-emitting device does not include a second common layer.

[0497] Comparative Example 3

[0498] The light-emitting device is manufactured in essentially the same manner as that used in Example 1, except that the light-emitting device does not include the first common layer.

[0499] Evaluation Example 1

[0500] The green emission spectrum of the light-emitting device manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was measured and shown. Figure 2 middle.

[0501] refer to Figure 2 In the case of the light-emitting device of Example 1, there is no peak in the range of red light emission region, so no color mixing occurs. However, in the case of the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1, there is a peak at about 625 nm, which is the red light emission region, so color mixing occurs.

[0502] Evaluation Example 2

[0503] The current-voltage-luminance (IVL) characteristics in the red light emission region of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were measured and explained. Figure 3 middle.

[0504] refer to Figure 3 When the light-emitting device does not include a second common layer, the red emission spectrum shifts to the left. Therefore, green color mixing occurs, the driving voltage for red emission increases by 3V or more, and the efficiency decreases by more than 30%.

[0505] Due to the slippage of the driving voltage of the red emitter, the leakage current shifts from red to green, resulting in color mixing.

[0506] Evaluation Example 3

[0507] For the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3, the efficiency, leakage current ratio, and power consumption were measured and illustrated in Table 1 and 3. Figure 4 middle.

[0508] Efficiency and power consumption were measured using the value of the light-emitting device manufactured according to Comparative Example 1 as 100%. The leakage current ratio was set as the ratio of the height of the green emission peak (peak wavelength: approximately 522 nm) to the height of the red emission peak (peak wavelength: approximately 627 nm) when the green emission spectrum was measured. In other words, the higher the leakage current ratio, the more red color mixing occurs.

[0509] Table 1

[0510] efficiency(%) Leakage current ratio (%) Power consumption (%) Comparative Example 1 100％ 47.0％ 100％ Example 1 105.2％ 3.9％ 99.9％ Comparative Example 3 100％ 28.3％ 97.3％

[0511] Refer to Table 1 and Figure 4 Compared to the efficiencies of Comparative Examples 1 and 3, the light-emitting device of Example 1 has better efficiency, and compared to the power consumption of Comparative Example 1, the light-emitting device of Example 1 has lower power consumption. Furthermore, the leakage current ratio of the light-emitting device of Example 1 is significantly lower (and lower than the leakage current ratios of Comparative Examples 1 and 3), thus color mixing is less likely to occur.

[0512] In contrast, the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1 does not include a first common layer and a second common layer. Therefore, the light-emitting device of Comparative Example 1 has poor characteristics in terms of efficiency, leakage current ratio, and power consumption. In particular, the leakage current ratio is significantly high.

[0513] The light-emitting device in Comparative Example 3 includes a second common layer but not a first common layer. Therefore, power consumption is slightly reduced. However, because the leakage current ratio is still relatively high, the color mixing problem may not be resolved in Comparative Example 3.

[0514] As used herein, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” can be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,” respectively.

[0515] In addition, the terms “basically,” “about,” and similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than terms of degree, and are intended to take into account the inherent biases of measurements or calculations that a person skilled in the art would recognize.

[0516] Furthermore, any numerical ranges listed herein are intended to include all subranges with the same numerical precision within the listed range. For example, the range "1.0 to 10.0" is intended to include all subranges between the listed minimum value of 1.0 and the listed maximum value of 10.0 (inclusive), that is, all subranges with a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limit listed herein is intended to include all lower numerical limits included therein, and any minimum numerical limit listed in this specification is intended to include all higher numerical limits included therein. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification (including the claims) to expressly list any subranges included within the scope expressly listed herein.

[0517] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure as described herein, light-emitting devices with improved color purity, improved color accuracy, and no (or substantially no) color mixing caused by leakage current can be implemented. However, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to these effects.

[0518] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are to be considered in a descriptive sense only and are not intended for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment should generally be taken into account for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Although one or more embodiments have been described with reference to figures, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A light emitting device comprising: a substrate including a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel; a plurality of first electrodes respectively arranged in the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel of the substrate; a second electrode facing the plurality of first electrodes; an emission layer between the second electrode and the plurality of first electrodes, the emission layer including a first emission layer emitting a first color light in the first sub-pixel, a second emission layer emitting a second color light in the second sub-pixel, and a third emission layer emitting a third color light in the third sub-pixel; a hole injection layer between the emission layer and the plurality of first electrodes; a first common layer between the hole injection layer and the emission layer, the first common layer being formed integrally with respect to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel; and a second common layer between the hole injection layer and the first common layer, the second common layer being formed integrally with respect to the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel, wherein the first color light is red light, the second color light is green light, and the third color light is blue light, the first common layer is composed of a blue host, wherein the first common layer directly contacts the emission layer, and the blue host satisfies Equation 1 and Equation 2: Equation 1 Equation 2 |E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_REML | 2.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the first common layer does not emit light. |E HOMO_BH |>|E HOMO_GEML |, In Equations 1 and 2, |E HOMO_BH | represents the absolute value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the blue matrix, and |E HOMO_REML |and|E HOMO_GEML | represents the absolute value of the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the first emission layer and the second emission layer, respectively. 3.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein a gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the blue host and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the blue host is 2.8 eV or more. 4.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein a threshold voltage of the third emission layer is greater than each of a threshold voltage of the first emission layer and a threshold voltage of the second emission layer. 5.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the first emission layer includes a first host, the second emission layer includes a second host, and the third emission layer includes a third host. 6.The light emitting device of claim 5, wherein the third host and the blue host are the same as or different from each other. 7.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the second common layer directly contacts the first common layer. 8.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the second common layer directly contacts the hole injection layer. 9.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the second common layer is different from the hole injection layer. 10.The light emitting device of claim 1, wherein the second common layer includes a hole injection material. 11.The light emitting device of claim 10, wherein the hole injection material includes at least one selected from a compound represented by Formula 201 and a compound represented by Formula 202: Formula 201 Formula 202 in Formula 201 and Formula 202, wherein, each of xa1 to xa4 is independently an integer selected from 0 to 3, L 201 to L 204 each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroarylene, substituted or unsubstituted bivalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group and substituted or unsubstituted bivalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, L 205 selected from *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroarylene, substituted or unsubstituted bivalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group and substituted or unsubstituted bivalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, xa5 is an integer selected from 1 to 10, and R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 each independently is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, and said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkylene, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkylene, said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenylene, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenylene, said substituted C6-C 60 arylene, said substituted C1-C 60 heteroarylene, said substituted divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, said substituted divalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, said substituted C1-C 20 alkylene, said substituted C2-C 20 alkenylene, said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, said substituted C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, said substituted C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, said substituted C6-C 60 aryl, said substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy, said substituted C6-C 60 arylthio, said substituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, said substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group and said substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group are selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, -F, -CI, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 alkoxy; Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl and C1-C 60 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 (Q) 12 ); C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C6-C 60 aryloxy, C6-C 60 arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups and monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups; Each is replaced by at least one of the following C3-Cs. 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 (Q) 22 ); * and *' each indicate a binding site with an adjacent atom. -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), wherein Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazino, hydrazono, C1-C 60 alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, a monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, ​ 12. The light emitting device of Claim 1, wherein the first common layer has a thickness of to 13. The light emitting device of Claim 1, wherein the second common layer has a thickness of to 14. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the hole-injection layer further comprises a p-dopant.

15. The light-emitting device according to claim 14, wherein the p-dopant comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, and a compound containing a cyano group.

16. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a hole-transport layer between the hole-injection layer and the emission layer.

17. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising an electron-transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode.

18. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first electrodes are anodes, and the second electrode is a cathode.

19. A flat panel display device comprising: a thin film transistor comprising a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer; and the light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein one or more of the plurality of first electrodes of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to one selected from the group consisting of the source electrode and the drain electrode. ​

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