A bridge prestressing cognitive training teaching device and use method

Abstract

The present invention provides a bridge prestressed cognition training teaching device, comprising a beam member, a reserved hollow channel and a spring steel wire, wherein the beam member is provided with structural steel bars, the reserved hollow channel is positioned in the beam member, and the reserved hollow channel is a catenary line with high ends and low middle; the spring steel wire comprises a strong spring and an anchoring part, the middle section of the anchoring part is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove and the strong spring are provided with external threads; the spring steel wire is inserted into the reserved hollow channel and the anchoring parts at both ends of the spring steel wire extend to the outer sides of the left and right webs of the beam member respectively, and after the spring steel wire is stretched, the nuts are matched with the external threads of the anchoring part to anchor the two ends of the spring steel wire at the two ends of the beam member. The training teaching device of the present invention can truly reproduce the beam structure, the position and fixation of the reserved channel, and it is easy for students to master the arrangement and function of prestress, the reserved channel, the bundle insertion and tensioning process, and the classroom teaching and job training effects are good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of teaching training devices, and relates to a bridge prestressing cognition training teaching device and a use method. Background Art

[0002] Prestressing is widely used in all aspects of national economic construction. In modern bridges, the vast majority of concrete simply supported beam bridges, continuous beam bridges, T-shaped rigid frame bridges, and continuous rigid frame bridges use prestressing. Therefore, prestressing is a widely used and important technology and construction process.

[0003] In the current cognitive teaching or practical training of bridge prestressing, the concept of prestressing, the arrangement and function of prestressing, reserved channels, threading and tensioning process and principles all need to be explained. The current teaching methods used are blackboard writing, multimedia projection, and video teaching. There are no cognitive and practical teaching devices that can be assembled and disassembled for hands-on operation. Students or trainees have no opportunity to operate by themselves, making it difficult for them to understand thoroughly. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bridge prestressed cognition training teaching device and a use method that can be repeatedly installed and disassembled. The training teaching device can truly reproduce the beam structure, the position and fixation of the reserved channels, and allow trainees to perform operations such as threading beams, simulating prestressed tensioning, beam end deformation, and precompression stress value measurement. It intuitively simulates the prestressed process flow, and is easy to master the arrangement and function of prestress, reserved channels, threading beams and tensioning processes. The classroom teaching and job training effects are good, and the problems existing in the prior art are effectively solved.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a bridge prestressed cognition training teaching device, including a beam member, the beam member is a box structure made of transparent glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the beam member is provided with structural steel bars for displaying the arrangement of beam reinforcement, and also includes at least 4 reserved hollow channels and spring steel wires with the same number as the reserved hollow channels, the reserved hollow channels are respectively positioned between the left and right webs of the beam member, and the reserved hollow channels are in the shape of a catenary with high ends and low middle, and the two ends of the reserved hollow channels are The openings penetrate the left and right webs of the beam member respectively; the spring steel wire comprises a strong spring and anchoring parts respectively connected to the two ends of the strong spring, a clamp groove is provided at the middle section of the anchoring part, and an external thread is provided on the outer side of the anchoring part between the clamp groove and the strong spring; the spring steel wire is respectively inserted into the corresponding reserved hollow channels and the anchoring parts at both ends of the spring steel wire extend to the outer sides of the left and right webs of the beam member respectively, and after the spring steel wire is stretched, the nuts are matched with the external threads of the anchoring parts to anchor the two ends of the spring steel wire to the two ends of the beam member.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the reserved hollow channel is made of a galvanized corrugated pipe, and the outer side of the reserved hollow channel is painted with silver or dark blue paint.

[0007] Another technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a method for using a bridge prestressing cognitive training teaching device, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Place the beam components stably on a spacious and flat place, and firmly connect the structural steel bars to the beam components according to actual construction requirements;

[0009] S2. Fix the reserved hollow channel to the beam member, and connect the reserved hollow channel to the structural steel bar with a cable tie to ensure that the reserved hollow channel does not move when the spring wire is inserted;

[0010] S3. Let the students be familiar with the appearance structure of the beam, the names and shapes of various parts, and discuss the concept and function of prestressing. Then let the students use a ruler to measure the height of the reserved hollow channels at different positions from the bottom of the beam components and record the measurement data. Let the students observe how the reserved hollow channels are positioned and fixed, and be familiar with the position, structure, size, shape and function of the prestressed reserved hollow channels;

[0011] S4. The trainees cooperate to pass the spring steel wire through one end of the reserved hollow channel and out of the other end of the reserved hollow channel, completing the spring steel wire bundle threading operation of all the reserved hollow channels;

[0012] S5. Insert the nuts into the anchoring parts at both ends of the spring steel wire respectively, use a special stretching clamp to buckle the clamp grooves at both ends of the spring steel wire respectively, stretch both ends of the spring steel wire outward at the same time, and then tighten the nuts on the outside of the beam member. Repeat the above operation to complete the stretching and tightening of the spring steel wire in all the reserved hollow channels;

[0013] S6. Release the special tensile clamp, and the two ends of the spring steel wire are anchored at the ends of the beam member. The spring steel wire shrinks and generates extrusion stress on the ends of the beam member, and compressive stress is formed in the beam member. The trainees use a ruler to measure the deformation of the beam member due to extrusion, and obtain the compressive stress value through the electronic induction force device preset at the end of the beam member;

[0014] S7. Use the special stretching clamp to hold the clamp grooves at both ends of the spring steel wire again. After stretching both ends of the spring steel wire outward at the same time, gradually loosen the nuts and withdraw the nuts from both ends of the spring steel wire. Then pull the spring steel wire out from one end of the reserved hollow channel. Complete the disassembly operation of all spring steel wires, and then disassemble the reserved hollow channel and structural steel bars separately to restore the training device.

[0015] The bridge prestressing cognition training teaching device and the use method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above scheme:

[0016] 1. The present invention is mainly made of glass fiber reinforced plastics or environmentally friendly plastic block components and steel components, which are durable, can be used repeatedly, can be seen clearly at any angle, and are easy to install and disassemble, and are easy to understand. When conducting bridge prestressing cognition and practical training teaching, trainees can recognize the arrangement and function of prestressing under the guidance of teachers, and carry out assembly and disassembly practical operations such as threading and tensioning. They can intuitively understand the principle of prestressing, the arrangement of prestressing, the position of channels and steel strands, and the prestressing method. Through the practical training teaching device of the present invention, the beam structure, the position and fixation of the reserved channels are truly reproduced, and operations such as threading, simulating prestressing tensioning, beam end deformation, and prestress value measurement are carried out. The prestressing process flow is intuitively simulated, and it is easy to grasp the arrangement and function of prestressing, reserved channels, threading and tensioning processes, and the classroom teaching and job training effects are good.

[0017] 2. The materials used in the present invention are all durable products that can be repeatedly installed and disassembled, allowing every student or trainee to have sufficient conditions for learning and training; in addition, the practical teaching device of the present invention can be used for teaching in a classroom or training room, and the teaching or training arrangement will not be affected by weather factors. At the same time, the practical teaching device can also be applied to engineering structure drawing recognition courses.

[0018] The following is a further description of a bridge prestressing cognitive training teaching device and a method of use of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a bridge prestressing cognition training teaching device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a reserved hollow channel fixed inside the beam member (structural reinforcement is omitted);

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spring steel wire of the present invention;

[0022] Explanation of the accompanying figures: 1-beam member, 2-structural reinforcement, 3-reserved hollow hole, 4-nut, 5-spring steel wire, 51-strong spring, 52-anchoring part, 521-clamp groove, 522-external thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a bridge prestressing cognitive training teaching device of the present invention includes a beam body component 1, at least 4 reserved hollow channels 3 and spring steel wires 5 with the same number as the reserved hollow channels 3.

[0024] The beam member 1 is a box structure made of transparent fiberglass or environmentally friendly plastic blocks. The beam member 1 is a see-through structure, and the appearance and internal structure can be clearly seen from different angles. In this embodiment, the length of the beam member 1 is 500 cm, the height is 80 cm, and the width is 100 cm. The thickness of the left and right webs, the top plate and the bottom plate of the beam member 1 are all 25 cm. In addition, the beam member 1 of the present invention is provided with structural steel bars 2 for displaying the steel bar arrangement of the beam body. The structural steel bars 2 are made of solid stainless steel bars. The structural steel bars 2 are firmly connected to the beam member 1 according to actual construction requirements to display the basic steel bar arrangement of the beam body.

[0025] In this embodiment, four reserved hollow channels 3 are provided, and the reserved hollow channels 3 are made of galvanized corrugated pipes with an outer diameter of 100 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm, and the outer sides of the reserved hollow channels 3 are painted with silver or dark blue paint; during teaching, the reserved hollow channels 3 are respectively positioned between the left and right webs of the beam body component 1, and the reserved hollow channels 3 are in the shape of a catenary with high ends and low middle, and the openings at both ends of the reserved hollow channels 3 respectively penetrate the left and right webs of the beam body component 1; when arranging and fixing the reserved hollow channels 3, one is set each near the front and rear webs of the beam body component 1, and two are set near the bottom plate, which are used to demonstrate the position of the reserved channels of the beam body and conduct practical training on threading the beam.

[0026] The spring steel wire 5 includes a strong spring 51 and anchoring parts 52 respectively connected to the two ends of the strong spring 51, and the spring steel wire 5 has a diameter of 2-4 cm and a length of about 100 cm greater than the reserved hollow channel 3. The length of the strong spring 51 in the middle part is about 400 cm. The middle section of the anchoring part 52 is provided with a clamp groove 521 with a diameter smaller than the spring steel wire 5, and an external thread 522 is provided on the outer side of the anchoring part 52 between the clamp groove 521 and the strong spring 51; the spring steel wire 5 is respectively inserted into the corresponding reserved hollow channel 3 and the anchoring parts 52 at both ends of the spring steel wire 5 extend to the outer sides of the left and right webs of the beam body component 1 respectively, and after the spring steel wire 5 is stretched, the nut 4 is matched with the external thread 522 of the anchoring part 52 to anchor the two ends of the spring steel wire 5 to the two ends of the beam body component 1.

[0027] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using the bridge prestressing cognition training teaching device, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1. Place the beam member 1 stably on a spacious and flat place, and firmly connect the structural steel bars 2 to the beam member 1 according to actual construction requirements;

[0029] S2, fix the reserved hollow channel 3 in the beam member 1, and fix the reserved hollow channel 3 to the structural steel bar 2 by a cable tie to ensure that the reserved hollow channel 3 does not move when the spring steel wire 5 is passed through;

[0030] S3. Let the trainees be familiar with the appearance structure of the beam body, the names and shapes of various parts, and discuss the concept and function of prestressing. Then let the trainees use a ruler to measure the height of the reserved hollow channel 3 from the bottom of the beam member 1 at different positions and record the measurement data, observe how the reserved hollow channel 3 is positioned and fixed, and be familiar with the position, structure, size, shape and function of the prestressed reserved hollow channel 3;

[0031] S4, multiple trainees cooperate to pass the spring steel wire 5 from one end of the reserved hollow channel 3 and pass it out from the other end of the reserved hollow channel 3, completing the spring steel wire 5 bundle threading operation of all the reserved hollow channels 3;

[0032] S5. Insert the nuts 4 into the anchoring parts 52 at both ends of the spring steel wire 5, respectively, and use a special stretching clamp to buckle the clamp grooves 521 at both ends of the spring steel wire 5. After stretching both ends of the spring steel wire 5 outward at the same time, tighten the nuts 4 on the outside of the beam member 1, and repeat the above operation to complete the stretching and tightening of the spring steel wires 5 in all the reserved hollow channels 3;

[0033] S6. Release the special stretching fixture. The two ends of the spring steel wire 5 are anchored at the ends of the beam member 1. The spring steel wire 5 retracts to generate prestress on the ends of the beam, and compressive stress is formed in the beam. The trainees measure the deformation of the beam member 1 by squeezing with a ruler, and can also obtain the compressive stress value through the electronic induction force device preset at the end of the beam member 1.

[0034] S7. Use the special stretching clamp to buckle the clamp grooves 521 at both ends of the spring steel wire 5 again. After stretching both ends of the spring steel wire 5 outward at the same time, gradually loosen the nuts 4 and withdraw the nuts 4 from both ends of the spring steel wire 5. Then, pull the spring steel wire 5 out from one end of the reserved hollow channel 3. After all the disassembly operations of the spring steel wire 5 are completed, the reserved hollow channel 3 and the structural steel bar 2 are disassembled separately to restore the training device.

[0035] The present invention is mainly made of glass fiber reinforced plastics or environmentally friendly plastic block components and steel components, which are durable, can be repeatedly used, can be clearly seen at any angle, and are easy to install and disassemble, and are easy to understand. When conducting bridge prestressing cognition and practical training teaching, trainees can recognize the arrangement and function of prestressing under the guidance of teachers, and carry out assembly and disassembly practical operations such as threading and tensioning, and can intuitively understand the principle of prestressing, the arrangement of prestressing, the position of channels and steel strands, and the prestressing tensioning method. Through the practical training teaching device of the present invention, the beam structure, the position and fixation of the reserved channels are truly reproduced, and operations such as threading, simulating prestressing tensioning, beam end deformation, and precompression stress value measurement are carried out. The prestressing process flow is intuitively simulated, and it is easy to grasp the arrangement and function of prestressing, reserved channels, threading and tensioning processes, and the classroom teaching and job training effects are good.

[0036] As a variation of this embodiment, the reserved hollow channels can be set to 8 to 10, so that multiple groups of practical training operations can be carried out; spring wire stretching machines can also be provided at both ends of the beam member 1, and the nuts can be tightened manually after stretching by the machine; in addition, the bridge deck drainage structure layout, sidewalk layout, expansion joints and waterstop strips can be arranged on the beam member 1, so that bridge deck structure recognition, drawing recognition, and drainage operation training can be carried out simultaneously.

[0037] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The structure of the present invention is not limited to the forms listed in the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge prestressing cognitive training teaching device, comprising a beam member (1), wherein the beam member (1) is a box structure made of transparent glass fiber reinforced plastics, and a structural steel bar (2) for displaying the arrangement of the beam steel bars is arranged inside the beam member (1), and the structural steel bar (2) is made of solid stainless steel bars; characterized in that: The invention also comprises at least four reserved hollow channels (3) and spring steel wires (5) having the same number as the reserved hollow channels (3), wherein the reserved hollow channels (3) are respectively positioned between the left and right webs of the beam body component (1), and the reserved hollow channels (3) are in the shape of a catenary with high ends and low middle, and the openings at both ends of the reserved hollow channels (3) respectively penetrate the left and right webs of the beam body component (1); the spring steel wire (5) comprises a strong spring (51) and anchoring portions (52) respectively connected to the two ends of the strong spring (51), and the anchoring portions (52) are A clamp groove (521) is provided at the middle part of the beam member (1), and an external thread (522) is provided on the outer side of the anchoring portion (52) between the clamp groove (521) and the strong spring (51); the spring steel wire (5) is respectively inserted into the corresponding reserved hollow channels (3), and the anchoring portions (52) at both ends of the spring steel wire (5) respectively extend to the outer sides of the left and right webs of the beam member (1); after the spring steel wire (5) is stretched, the nut (4) cooperates with the external thread (522) of the anchoring portion (52), thereby anchoring the two ends of the spring steel wire (5) to the two ends of the beam member (1).

2. A bridge prestressing cognitive training teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reserved hollow channel (3) is made of a galvanized corrugated pipe, and the outer side of the reserved hollow channel (3) is painted with silver or dark blue paint.

3. A method for using a bridge prestressing cognition training teaching device according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. stably placing the beam member (1) on a spacious and flat surface, and firmly connecting the structural steel bars (2) to the beam member (1) according to actual construction requirements; S2, fixing the reserved hollow channel (3) in the beam member (1), and fixing the reserved hollow channel (3) to the structural steel bar (2) by means of a cable tie, so as to ensure that the reserved hollow channel (3) does not move when the bundled spring steel wire (5) is passed through; S3. Let the trainees be familiar with the appearance structure of the beam, the names and shapes of various parts, and discuss the concept and function of prestressing. Then let the trainees use a ruler to measure the height of the reserved hollow channel (3) at different positions from the bottom of the beam member (1) and record the measurement data. Let the trainees observe how the reserved hollow channel (3) is positioned and fixed, and become familiar with the position, structure, size, shape and function of the prestressed reserved hollow channel (3); S4, the trainees cooperate to pass the spring steel wire (5) through one end of the reserved hollow channel (3) and out of the other end of the reserved hollow channel (3), completing the operation of threading the spring steel wire (5) through all the reserved hollow channels (3); S5, insert the nuts (4) into the anchoring parts (52) at both ends of the spring steel wire (5), respectively, use a special tensioning clamp to buckle the clamp grooves (521) at both ends of the spring steel wire (5), and after stretching both ends of the spring steel wire (5) outward at the same time, tighten the nuts (4) on the outside of the beam member (1), repeat the above operation, and complete the stretching and tightening of the spring steel wire (5) in all the reserved hollow channels (3); S6. Release the special tensile clamp, and the two ends of the spring steel wire (5) are anchored at the ends of the beam member (1). The spring steel wire (5) retracts to generate extrusion stress on the ends of the beam member, and compressive stress is formed in the beam member. The trainee measures the deformation of the beam member (1) by extrusion with a ruler, and obtains the compressive stress value through the electronic induction force device preset at the ends of the beam member (1); S7. Use the special stretching clamp to buckle the clamp grooves (521) at both ends of the spring steel wire (5) again, and stretch both ends of the spring steel wire (5) outward at the same time, then gradually loosen the nut (4) and withdraw the nut (4) from both ends of the spring steel wire (5), and then pull the spring steel wire (5) out from one end of the reserved hollow channel (3). After all the spring steel wires (5) are disassembled, the reserved hollow channel (3) and the structural steel bar (2) are disassembled separately to restore the training device.

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