A test device and test method for simulating natural water-absorbing rock tensile acoustic emission test

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and a test method for simulating the tensile acoustic emission test of naturally absorbing rocks, wherein the test device comprises a pressurizing device, a pressure vessel, a pressure sensor, a test vessel and an acoustic emission device, the upper and lower ends of the test vessel are respectively provided with an upper sealing cover and a lower sealing cover, the upper sealing cover is provided with an exhaust valve, a pressurizing hole and a data line guide hole, the pressurizing device is connected to the pressure vessel, the pressure sensor and the pressurizing hole in sequence through a pressure-resistant pipeline, the acoustic emission device comprises an acoustic wave transmitter, an acoustic wave receiver and an acoustic emission preamplifier, the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the rock sample and are connected to an acoustic emission information transmission line, the acoustic emission information transmission line passes through the data line guide hole on the upper sealing cover and is connected to the acoustic emission preamplifier, and the acoustic emission preamplifier is then connected to the acoustic emission output and data acquisition instrument and the acoustic emission controller in sequence; the tensile test device is connected to the tensile test device controller through a data line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of rock mechanics tests, and in particular relates to a tensile acoustic emission test device for rocks under conditions of immersion in water and different water pressures. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, rock acoustic emission monitoring technology has been widely used in geotechnical engineering research, but rock acoustic emission technology is one of the few disciplines where theoretical research lags behind engineering practice. Due to the complexity of rock composition and destruction process, there are few theories about rock acoustic emission technology, and most of them are experience. At the same time, in many engineering fields such as road engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, rocks are often in contact with water, and the water pressure on the rocks on the slopes of the reservoir banks is also very different. Rocks usually show different mechanical properties under different water pressures. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the basic theory and experiments of rock acoustic emission. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the existing problems, the present invention provides a test device for simulating the tensile acoustic emission of natural water-absorbing rocks, which can perform tensile acoustic emission tests on rock samples under simulated conditions of different water pressures and can be used to study the mechanical acoustic properties of reservoir bank slope rocks.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A test device for simulating natural water absorption rock tensile acoustic emission test, comprising a pressurizing device, a pressure vessel, a pressure sensor, a test vessel and an acoustic emission device, wherein the upper and lower ends of the test vessel are respectively provided with an upper sealing cover and a lower sealing cover, the upper sealing cover is provided with an exhaust valve, a pressurizing hole and a data line guide hole, the pressurizing device is connected to the pressure vessel, the pressure sensor and the pressurizing hole in sequence through a pressure-resistant pipeline, the acoustic emission device comprises an acoustic wave transmitter, an acoustic wave receiver and an acoustic emission preamplifier, the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the rock sample and connected to an acoustic emission information transmission line, the acoustic emission information transmission line passes through the data line guide hole on the upper sealing cover and is connected to the acoustic emission preamplifier, and the acoustic emission preamplifier is then connected to the acoustic emission output and data acquisition instrument and the acoustic emission controller in sequence; a tensile test device is arranged in the test container, and the tensile test device is connected to the tensile test device controller through a data line.

[0006] Preferably, the tensile test device comprises an upper fixture seat, a lower fixture seat, a left fixer and a right fixer, the rock sample is placed between the upper fixture seat and the lower fixture seat, and the middle rock sample is limited by the left fixer and the right fixer.

[0007] Preferably, two second columns are symmetrically arranged between the upper clamp seat and the lower clamp seat, the bottom of the second column is fixed to the upper surface of the lower clamp seat, and the top of the second column passes through from the upper clamp seat to its upper surface, a sleeve and a spring are arranged on the lower surface of the upper clamp seat, the sleeve and the spring are sequentially sleeved on the second column, the bottom of the spring rests against the upper surface of the lower clamp seat, an upper pressure head is arranged on the lower surface of the upper clamp seat, and a lower pressure head is arranged on the upper surface of the lower clamp seat, the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head symmetrically squeeze the upper and lower surfaces of the rock sample, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the upper surface of the upper clamp seat and the lower surface of the upper sealing cover, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner surface of the upper sealing cover.

[0008] Preferably, the left and right fixers have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the lower clamp seat, and respectively include legs and a mounting seat, an upper chamber and a lower chamber are respectively arranged inside the mounting seat, and a first support and a second support are arranged on the side walls thereof, the legs are arranged at the bottom of the mounting seat and are fixedly connected to the lower clamp seat, a moving rod and a cam are arranged in the upper chamber, one end of the moving rod extends out from the side wall of the mounting seat and is connected to a limiting disc, the first support and the second support are both located below the moving rod, a worm gear is movably arranged on the first support, and a worm is movably arranged on the second support, the upper end of the worm gear is meshed with the tooth groove on the bottom wall of the moving rod, and the lower end thereof is meshed with the worm, one end of the worm extends from the side wall of the mounting seat into the lower chamber and a third bevel gear is arranged at the end thereof, and a motor, The first-stage rotating shaft and the second-stage rotating shaft, the output shaft key of the motor is connected with a driving gear, the driving gear is meshed with the primary and secondary driven wheels, a secondary driven wheel is integrally provided at one end of the primary and secondary driven wheels, and a connecting rod is integrally provided at the other end thereof, the secondary driven wheel and the third bevel gear are rotatably connected through the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are connected by a fixing rod and are located between the secondary driven wheel and the third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear is provided at the end of the connecting rod, the fourth bevel gear is provided on the first-stage rotating shaft and meshes with the fifth bevel gear provided on the second-stage rotating shaft, the upper end of the second-stage rotating shaft extends to the upper chamber and is movably connected with its upper wall, the cam is provided on the second-stage rotating shaft, the lower end of the second-stage rotating shaft is movably connected with the bottom wall of the lower chamber, and the upper and lower ends of the first-stage rotating shaft are movably connected with the top wall and the bottom wall of the lower chamber respectively.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of first columns are symmetrically arranged between the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover.

[0010] Preferably, a water injection port is provided on the lower sealing cover, and the water injection port is connected to a water source via a water injection pipe. A control valve is provided on the water injection pipe, and the control valve is connected to a control and information collector via a data line.

[0011] Preferably, the control and signal collector, the tensile test device controller and the acoustic emission controller are all computer terminals.

[0012] Preferably, the connection positions between the pressure-resistant pipe and the pressurized hole, between the data line and the acoustic emission information transmission line and the data line guide hole, and between the water injection port and the water injection pipe are sealed with sealant.

[0013] Preferably, the following steps are included

[0014] Step 1: Establish a numerical model based on the actual geological conditions of the slope sampled, and determine the loading conditions of the rock samples for mechanical tests through numerical simulation calculations;

[0015] Step 2: Clean the impurities on the surface of the rock sample, place the rock sample on the lower pressure head, and then fix it with the left and right fixers, and adjust the upper pressure head to contact the rock sample;

[0016] Step 3: Apply vaseline to the probes of the acoustic wave generator and the acoustic wave receiver, fix the tail ends of the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver on the front and back sides of the rock sample respectively, and adjust the probes of the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver to be in close contact with the rock sample;

[0017] Step 4: Slowly place the installed tensile test device into the test container, fill it with water and remove bubbles, then close the control valve on the water injection pipe, and then close the exhaust valve;

[0018] Step 5: Turn on the booster device and start pressurizing to the specified pressure. The pressure sensor transmits data back to the information control and information collector and controls the booster device to be closed;

[0019] Step 6: Turn on the acoustic emission instrument, prepare to record the acoustic emission signals sent back by the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver, and transmit the signals to the acoustic emission output and data acquisition instrument;

[0020] Step 7: Pressurize the rock sample until it is completely destroyed. During this process, monitor and record the pressure of the testing machine, the displacement of the upper pressure head, and the acoustic emission signal of the rock specimen, and draw a corresponding relationship curve based on the recorded data;

[0021] Step 8: Set different water pressures, repeat steps 5-7, test different rock samples, and obtain the mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of the rock samples.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention provides a test device for simulating rock tensile acoustic emission testing under different water pressures, which is composed of a pressurizing device, a pressure vessel, a pressure sensor, a test vessel and an acoustic emission device. The experimental conditions of different target water pressures can be adjusted under immersion in water to achieve acoustic emission measurement of submerged rocks under different water pressures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a test device for simulating natural water-absorbing rock tensile acoustic emission testing of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tensile test device in a tensile acoustic emission test device for simulating natural water-absorbing rock of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the left fixator;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] Among them, 1-boosting device; 2-pressure pipeline; 3-tensile test device; 4-pressure vessel; 5-control and information collector; 6-pressure sensor; 7-acoustic emission preamplifier; 8-upper sealing cover; 9-exhaust valve; 10-data line guide hole; 11-pressurization hole; 12-data line; 13-experimental container; 14-lower sealing cover; 15-acoustic emission information transmission line; 16-water injection port; 17-water injection pipe; 18-control valve; 19-acoustic wave transmitter; 20-hydraulic cylinder; 21-rock sample; 22-upper fixture seat; 23-upper pressure head; 24-lower pressure head; 25-left fixer; 26-right fixer; 27-lower fixture seat; 28-tensile test device controller; 29-acoustic emission transmission Output and data acquisition instrument; 30-acoustic emission controller; 31-first column; 32-second column; 33-sleeve; 34-spring; 35-mounting seat; 3501-upper chamber; 3502-lower chamber; 36-moving rod; 3601-tooth groove; 37-limiting disc; 38-first support; 39-worm gear; 40-second support; 41-worm; 42-motor; 43-driving gear; 44-master driven wheel; 45-secondary driven wheel; 46-first bevel gear; 47-second bevel gear; 48-third bevel gear; 49-connecting rod; 50-fourth bevel gear; 51-primary rotating shaft; 52-fifth bevel gear; 53-sixth bevel gear; 54-secondary rotating shaft; 55-cam; 56-support leg. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention specifically provides a test device for simulating the tensile acoustic emission test of natural water-absorbing rock, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a booster device 1, a pressure vessel 4, a pressure sensor 6, a test vessel 13 and an acoustic emission device. The upper and lower ends of the test vessel 13 are respectively provided with an upper sealing cover 8 and a lower sealing cover 14. The upper sealing cover 9 is provided with an exhaust valve 9, a pressurizing hole 11 and a data line guide hole 10. The booster device 1 is connected to the pressure vessel 4, the pressure sensor 6 and the pressurizing hole 11 in sequence through a pressure-resistant pipeline 2. The acoustic emission device includes an acoustic wave transmitter 19, an acoustic wave receiver and an acoustic emission preamplifier 7. The acoustic wave transmitter 19 and the acoustic wave receiver are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the rock sample 21 and are connected to the acoustic emission information transmission line 15. The acoustic emission information transmission line 15 passes through the data line guide hole 10 on the upper sealing cover 9 and is connected to the acoustic emission preamplifier 7. The acoustic emission preamplifier 7 is then connected to the acoustic emission output and data acquisition instrument 29 and the acoustic emission controller 30 in sequence; a tensile test device 3 is arranged in the test vessel 13, and the tensile test device 3 is connected to the tensile test device controller 28 through a data line 12.

[0033] In this embodiment, the test container 13 is used to place the tensile test device 3. It is a cylindrical container made of pressure-resistant tempered glass, and is respectively provided with an upper sealing cover 8 and a lower sealing cover 14. The installation gap between the upper sealing cover 8 and the lower sealing cover 14 and the test container 13 is sealed with sealant.

[0034] In this embodiment, a water injection port 16 is provided on the lower sealing cover 14, and the water injection port 16 is connected to a water source through a water injection pipe 17. A control valve 18 is provided on the water injection pipe 17, and the control valve 17 is connected to the control and information collector 5 through a data line 12. The water injection port 16, the water injection pipe 17, and the control valve 18 are controlled by the control and information collector 5 to control the water injection process.

[0035] In this embodiment, the control and signal collector 5, the tensile test device controller 28 and the acoustic emission controller 30 are all computer terminals, and one computer terminal can be used to realize the control and data collection of the above-mentioned devices. The computer terminal controls the opening and closing of the boosting device 1 and the acoustic emission preamplifier 7, and processes the signals from the pressure sensor 6 and the acoustic emission preamplifier 7.

[0036] The connection positions between the pressure-resistant pipe 2 and the pressurizing hole 11, the data line 12 and the acoustic emission information transmission line 15 and the data line guide hole 10, and the water injection port 16 and the water injection pipe 17 are sealed with sealant to ensure the sealing of the test container 13. Among them, the exhaust valve 9, the data line guide hole 10 and the pressurizing hole 11 are distributed in a triangular shape on the sealing cover 8. It can ensure that the data line, the pressure-resistant pipe 2, and the exhaust channel do not interfere with each other, and can also ensure that the sealing cover 8 is evenly stressed.

[0037] The probes of the acoustic wave transmitter 19 and the acoustic wave receiver are coated with vaseline. Vaseline can reduce the influence of damping of other media, and the test data is more accurate.

[0038] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 4, the tensile test device 3 includes an upper clamp seat 22, a lower clamp seat 27, a left fixer 25 and a right fixer 26. The rock sample 21 is placed between the upper clamp seat 22 and the lower clamp seat 23, and the middle rock sample 21 is limited by the left fixer 25 and the right fixer 26.

[0039] Two second columns 32 are symmetrically arranged between the upper fixture seat 22 and the lower fixture seat 27. The bottom of the second column 32 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower fixture seat 27, and the top thereof passes through the upper fixture seat 22 to its upper surface. A sleeve 33 and a spring 34 are arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixture seat 22. The sleeve 33 and the spring 34 are sequentially sleeved on the second column 32. The bottom of the spring 34 abuts against the upper surface of the lower fixture seat 23. An upper pressure head 23 is arranged on the lower surface of the upper fixture seat 22, and a lower pressure head 24 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower fixture seat 27. The upper pressure head 23 and the lower pressure head 24 symmetrically squeeze the upper and lower surfaces of the rock sample 21. A hydraulic cylinder 20 is arranged between the upper surface of the upper fixture seat 22 and the lower surface of the upper sealing cover 8. The hydraulic cylinder 20 is fixed to the inner surface of the upper sealing cover 8. The hydraulic cylinder 20 is connected to the tensile test device controller 28 through the data line 12. Wherein, a plurality of first columns 31 are symmetrically arranged between the upper sealing cover 8 and the lower sealing cover 14 .

[0040] In practice, when fixing the rock sample, the left and right fixers are fixed, so the size of the rock sample is fixed. If the rock sample changes, the left and right fixers need to be replaced, which is not only troublesome to operate, but also the left and right fixers cannot meet the tight fit. There is a certain gap, which easily affects the test effect. Based on this, the present invention makes reasonable improvements to the existing left and right fixers. The improved left and right fixers can reasonably adjust the spacing according to the size of the rock sample, can clamp the rock sample well, and will not cause lateral extrusion to the rock sample, affecting the test effect. The specific improvements are as follows:

[0041] In this embodiment, the left and right fixers 25 and 26 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the lower fixture seat 27, and respectively include legs 56 and a mounting seat 35. The mounting seat 35 is provided with an upper chamber 3501 and a lower chamber 3502, respectively. The side walls thereof are provided with a first support 38 and a second support 40. The legs 56 are provided at the bottom of the mounting seat 35 and are fixedly connected to the lower fixture seat 27. A moving rod 36 and a cam 55 are provided in the upper chamber 3501. One end of the moving rod 36 is extended from the upper chamber 3501 to the lower chamber 3502. The side wall of the mounting seat 35 extends out and is connected to the limiting disc 37. The first support 38 and the second support 40 are both located below the moving rod. A worm wheel 39 is movably provided on the first support 38, and a worm 41 is movably provided on the second support 40. The upper end of the worm wheel 39 meshes with the tooth groove 3601 on the bottom wall of the moving rod 36, and the lower end thereof meshes with the worm 41. One end of the worm 41 extends from the side wall of the mounting seat 35 into the lower chamber 3502 and a third bevel gear 48 is provided at the end thereof. A motor 42, a primary rotating shaft 51 and a secondary rotating shaft 54 ​​are provided. The output shaft of the motor 42 is keyed to a driving gear 43, and the driving gear 43 is meshed with a primary driven wheel 44. A secondary driven wheel 45 is integrally provided at one end of the primary driven wheel 44, and a connecting rod 49 is integrally provided at the other end thereof. The secondary driven wheel 45 and a third bevel gear 48 are rotationally connected through a first bevel gear 46 and a second bevel gear 47. The first bevel gear 46 and the second bevel gear 47 are connected through a fixing rod and are located between the secondary driven wheel 45 and the third bevel gear 48. 8, a fourth bevel gear 50 is provided at the end of the connecting rod 49, the fourth bevel gear 50 is provided on the primary rotating shaft 51 and meshes with the fifth bevel gear 52 provided on the secondary rotating shaft 54, the upper end of the secondary rotating shaft 54 ​​extends to the upper chamber 3501 and is movably connected with its upper wall, the cam 55 is provided on the secondary rotating shaft 54, the lower end of the secondary rotating shaft 54 ​​is movably connected with the bottom wall of the lower chamber 3502, and the upper and lower ends of the primary rotating shaft 51 are movably connected with the top wall and the bottom wall of the lower chamber 3502 respectively.

[0042] Among them, a sealing ring is arranged between the worm 41 and the side wall of the mounting seat 35 to ensure that the worm 41 rotates normally while its pores are blocked; secondly, a sealing ring is also arranged between the secondary rotating shaft 54 ​​and the bottom wall of the upper chamber 3501 and the top wall of the lower chamber 3502 to ensure that the secondary rotating shaft 54 ​​rotates normally while its pores are blocked.

[0043] When in use, the motor 42 is started, and the driving gear 43 drives the main driven wheel 44 and the secondary driven wheel 45 to rotate together, and the fourth bevel gear 50 is driven to rotate through the connecting rod 49, so that the fifth bevel gear 52 rotates to drive the secondary rotating shaft 54 ​​to rotate, so that the cam 55 rotates to push the moving rod 36 forward; at the same time, the secondary driven wheel 45 engages the first bevel gear 46 and the second bevel gear 47 to drive the third bevel gear 48 to rotate, so that the worm 41 rotates to drive the worm wheel 39 to rotate, and the moving rod 36 continues to be pushed forward to fix the rock sample 21.

[0044] The specific test method of this device is as follows:

[0045] Step 1: Establish a numerical model based on the actual geological conditions of the slope sampled, and determine the loading conditions of the rock sample 21 for the mechanical test through the conclusions obtained through numerical simulation calculations;

[0046] Step 2: clean the impurities on the surface of the rock sample 21, place the rock sample 21 on the lower pressure head 24, and then fix it with the left fixer 25 and the right fixer 26, and adjust the upper pressure head 23 to contact the rock sample 21;

[0047] Step 3: Apply vaseline to the probes of the acoustic wave generator 19 and the acoustic wave receiver, fix the tail ends of the acoustic wave generator 19 and the acoustic wave receiver to the front and rear surfaces of the rock sample 21 respectively, and adjust the probes of the acoustic wave generator 19 and the acoustic wave receiver to be in close contact with the rock sample 21;

[0048] Step 4: slowly place the installed tensile test device 3 into the test container 13, fill it with water and remove bubbles, then close the control valve 18 on the water injection pipe 17, and then close the exhaust valve 9;

[0049] Step 5: Turn on the booster device 1 and start pressurizing to a specified pressure. The pressure sensor 6 transmits data back to the information control and information collector 5 and controls the booster device 1 to be closed.

[0050] Step 6: Turn on the acoustic transmitter, prepare to record the acoustic emission signal sent back by the acoustic transmitter 19 and the acoustic receiver, and transmit the signal to the acoustic transmitter output and data acquisition instrument 29;

[0051] Step 7: The rock sample 21 is pressurized until the rock sample is completely destroyed. During this process, the pressure of the testing machine, the displacement of the upper pressure head 23 and the acoustic emission signal of the rock specimen are monitored and recorded, and a corresponding relationship curve is drawn based on the recorded data;

[0052] Step 8: Set different water pressures, repeat steps 5-7, test different rock samples, and obtain the mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of the rock samples.

[0053] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating natural water-absorbing rock tensile acoustic emission test, comprising a pressurizing device, a pressure vessel, a pressure sensor, a test vessel and an acoustic emission device, wherein the upper and lower ends of the test vessel are respectively provided with an upper sealing cover and a lower sealing cover, and the upper sealing cover is provided with an exhaust valve, a pressurizing hole and a data line guide hole, and the pressurizing device is sequentially connected to the pressure vessel, the pressure sensor and the pressurizing hole through a pressure-resistant pipeline, characterized in that: The acoustic emission device comprises an acoustic wave transmitter, an acoustic wave receiver and an acoustic emission preamplifier, wherein the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the rock sample and connected to the acoustic emission information transmission line, wherein the acoustic emission information transmission line passes through the data line guide hole on the upper sealing cover and is connected to the acoustic emission preamplifier, and the acoustic emission preamplifier is then connected to the acoustic emission output and data acquisition instrument and the acoustic emission controller in sequence; a tensile test device is arranged in the test container, and the tensile test device is connected to the tensile test device controller through a data line; The tensile test device comprises an upper fixture seat, a lower fixture seat, a left fixer and a right fixer, the rock sample is placed between the upper fixture seat and the lower fixture seat, and the middle rock sample is limited by the left fixer and the right fixer; The left and right fixers have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the lower clamp seat, and respectively include legs and a mounting seat, an upper chamber and a lower chamber are respectively arranged inside the mounting seat, and a first support and a second support are arranged on the side walls thereof, the legs are arranged at the bottom of the mounting seat and are fixedly connected to the lower clamp seat, a moving rod and a cam are arranged in the upper chamber, one end of the moving rod extends from the side wall of the mounting seat and is connected to a limited position disc, the first support and the second support are both located below the moving rod, a worm gear is movably arranged on the first support, and a worm is movably arranged on the second support, the upper end of the worm gear is meshed with the tooth groove on the bottom wall of the moving rod, and the lower end thereof is meshed with the worm, one end of the worm gear extends from the side wall of the mounting seat into the lower chamber and a third bevel gear is arranged at the end thereof, and a motor, a first stage The transmission gear of the present invention is a gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a first gear and a second gear selected from the group consisting of a A plurality of first columns are symmetrically arranged between the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover.

2. The device for testing the tensile acoustic emission of simulated natural water-absorbing rock according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two second columns are symmetrically arranged between the upper clamp seat and the lower clamp seat, the bottom of the second column is fixed to the upper surface of the lower clamp seat, and the top of the second column passes through from the upper clamp seat to its upper surface, a sleeve and a spring are arranged on the lower surface of the upper clamp seat, the sleeve and the spring are sequentially sleeved on the second column, the bottom of the spring is against the upper surface of the lower clamp seat, an upper pressure head is arranged on the lower surface of the upper clamp seat, and a lower pressure head is arranged on the upper surface of the lower clamp seat, the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head symmetrically squeeze the upper and lower surfaces of the rock sample, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the upper surface of the upper clamp seat and the lower surface of the upper sealing cover, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner surface of the upper sealing cover.

3. The test device for simulating natural water-absorbing rock tensile acoustic emission test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower sealing cover is provided with a water injection port, which is connected to a water source through a water injection pipe. The water injection pipe is provided with a control valve, which is connected to a control and information collector through a data line.

4. The device for testing the tensile acoustic emission of simulated natural water-absorbing rock according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control and signal collector, the tensile test device controller and the acoustic emission controller all adopt computer terminals.

5. The test device for simulating natural water-absorbing rock tensile acoustic emission test according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connection positions between the pressure-resistant pipeline and the pressurized hole, between the data line and the acoustic emission information transmission line and the data line guide hole, and between the water injection port and the water injection pipe are sealed with sealant.

6. The test method of a test device for simulating natural water-absorbing rock tensile acoustic emission test according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are included Step 1: Establish a numerical model based on the actual geological conditions of the slope sampled, and determine the loading conditions of the rock samples for mechanical tests through numerical simulation calculations; Step 2: Clean the impurities on the surface of the rock sample, place the rock sample on the lower pressure head, and then fix it with the left and right fixers, and adjust the upper pressure head to contact the rock sample; Step 3: Apply vaseline to the probes of the acoustic wave generator and the acoustic wave receiver, fix the tail ends of the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver on the front and back sides of the rock sample respectively, and adjust the probes of the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver to be in close contact with the rock sample; Step 4: Slowly place the installed tensile test device into the test container, fill it with water and remove bubbles, then close the control valve on the water injection pipe, and then close the exhaust valve; Step 5: Turn on the booster device and start pressurizing to the specified pressure. The pressure sensor transmits data back to the information control and information collector and controls the booster device to be closed; Step 6: Turn on the acoustic emission instrument, prepare to record the acoustic emission signals sent back by the acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver, and transmit the signals to the acoustic emission output and data acquisition instrument; Step 7: Pressurize the rock sample until it is completely destroyed. During this process, monitor and record the pressure of the testing machine, the displacement of the upper pressure head, and the acoustic emission signal of the rock specimen, and draw a corresponding relationship curve based on the recorded data; Step 8: Set different water pressures, repeat steps 5-7, test different rock samples, and obtain the mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of the rock samples.

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