Display substrate and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate and a manufacturing method thereof. The display substrate includes a substrate, a polarization layer disposed on an out-light side of the substrate, a common electrode layer disposed on an in-light side of the substrate, a light shielding layer disposed on a side of the common electrode layer away from the substrate, and at least one antenna array, each antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements, each antenna element including a first radiating portion disposed on the out-light side of the substrate and a ground portion disposed on the in-light side of the substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically to a display substrate and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional technologies, antennas in electronic devices are typically located outside the display area. However, with technological advancements, displays are taking up increasingly larger spaces in electronic devices such as mobile phones, televisions, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers. This reduces the space available for deploying antennas on these devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a display substrate is provided, comprising:

[0004] Substrate;

[0005] A polarizing layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the substrate;

[0006] A common electrode layer is disposed on the light-incident side of the substrate;

[0007] A light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the common electrode layer away from the substrate; and

[0008] At least one antenna array, each antenna array comprising multiple antenna elements, each antenna element comprising a first radiating portion disposed on the light-emitting side of the substrate and a grounding portion disposed on the light-incident side of the substrate.

[0009] For example, the antenna unit further includes a second radiating portion disposed on the side of the first radiating portion away from the substrate.

[0010] For example, the first radiating part is disposed on the side of the polarization layer facing the substrate, and the second radiating part is disposed on the side of the polarization layer away from the substrate.

[0011] For example, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are disposed on the same side of the polarization layer, and the display substrate further includes a first insulating layer disposed between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion.

[0012] For example, the projection range of the second radiating part on the substrate is within the projection range of the first radiating part on the substrate.

[0013] For example, the grounding portion is located on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the common electrode layer.

[0014] For example, the light-shielding layer includes a black matrix; and the projection of the ground portion on the substrate is within the projection of the black matrix on the substrate.

[0015] For example, the grounding portion is disposed between the substrate and the common electrode layer.

[0016] For example, the display substrate further includes a second insulating layer disposed between the ground portion and the common electrode layer.

[0017] For example, the first radiating portion is disposed on the side of the polarization layer facing the substrate or on the side away from the substrate.

[0018] For example, both the first radiating part and the grounding part are metal grids, the grid line width of the metal grid is less than or equal to 5 μm, and the distance between adjacent grid lines is greater than or equal to 200 μm.

[0019] For example, the metal grid is made of at least one of copper, gold, and silver.

[0020] For example, the projection range of the first radiating portion on the substrate falls within the projection range of the grounding portion on the substrate; and the first radiating portion includes a first part for radiating energy and a second part for feeding power to the first part, the second part extending from the first part to the edge of the display substrate.

[0021] For example, the at least one antenna array includes at least one of a first antenna array, a second antenna array, a third antenna array, and a fourth antenna array, wherein a plurality of antenna elements in the first antenna array are arranged along a first edge of the display substrate, a plurality of antenna elements in the second antenna array are arranged along a second edge of the display substrate opposite to the first edge, a plurality of antenna elements in the third antenna array are arranged along a third edge of the display substrate, and a plurality of antenna elements in the fourth antenna array are arranged along a fourth edge of the display substrate opposite to the third edge.

[0022] For example, the first antenna array, the second antenna array, the third antenna array, and the fourth antenna array each include four or more antenna elements.

[0023] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned display substrate is provided, comprising:

[0024] A common electrode layer, a light-shielding layer, and a grounding portion of at least one antenna element of an antenna array are formed on the light-incident side of the substrate; and

[0025] A polarization layer and a first radiating portion of a plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array are formed on the light-emitting side of the substrate.

[0026] For example, the manufacturing method further includes forming a second radiating portion on the side of the first radiating portion away from the substrate, such that the projection range of the second radiating portion on the substrate is within the projection range of the first radiating portion on the substrate.

[0027] For example, the grounding portion of the plurality of antenna elements in which a common electrode layer, a light-shielding layer, and at least one antenna array are formed on the light-incident side of the substrate includes:

[0028] The common electrode layer is formed on the light-incident side surface of the substrate;

[0029] The light-shielding layer is formed on the common electrode layer, and the light-shielding layer includes a black matrix;

[0030] Grounding portions of a plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array are formed on the black matrix, such that the projection of the grounding portions on the substrate is within the projection of the black matrix on the substrate.

[0031] For example, the grounding portion of the plurality of antenna elements in which a common electrode layer, a light-shielding layer, and at least one antenna array are formed on the light-incident side of the substrate includes:

[0032] A grounding portion of a plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array is formed on the light-incident side surface of the substrate;

[0033] A second insulating layer is formed on the grounding portion of a plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array;

[0034] A common electrode layer is formed on the second insulating layer; and

[0035] The light-shielding layer is formed on the common electrode layer.

[0036] For example, the first radiating portion and the grounding portion are formed by at least one of magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation and electroplating. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0038] Figure 2 A top view of an antenna unit in a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0039] Figure 3a A display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle.

[0040] Figure 3b A display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the BB line.

[0041] Figure 3c A display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle.

[0042] Figure 3d A display substrate according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle.

[0043] Figure 3e A display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle.

[0044] Figure 4 A top view of an antenna unit in a display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0045] Figure 5a A display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle.

[0046] Figure 5b A display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle.

[0047] Figure 6a It shows Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the grounding section of the antenna element.

[0048] Figure 6b It shows Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the first radiating part of the antenna element.

[0049] Figure 6c It shows Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the second radiating part of the antenna element.

[0050] Figure 7a A cross-sectional view of an antenna element in a display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0051] Figure 7b It shows Figure 7a The schematic diagram of the grounding part and black matrix of the antenna element.

[0052] Figures 8a to 8e Plan views of several examples of antenna elements according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0053] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0054] Figure 10A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0055] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a display substrate according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0056] Figure 12a and Figure 12b Antenna patterns of the antenna array according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown with and without the second insulating layer.

[0057] Figure 12c and Figure 12d Antenna patterns of an antenna array radiating energy in a single frequency band and an antenna array radiating energy in a dual frequency band, respectively, are shown according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 13a and Figure 13b The diagrams show the antenna port S11 parameters of the antenna array according to the present disclosure with and without the second insulating layer.

[0059] Figure 13c A graph showing the S11 parameters of an antenna array radiating energy in a dual-band manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is provided. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure. It should be noted that throughout the accompanying drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. In the following description, some specific embodiments are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure in any way, but are merely examples of embodiments of this disclosure. Conventional structures or configurations will be omitted where they may cause confusion in understanding this disclosure. It should be noted that the shapes and dimensions of the components in the figures do not reflect actual size and proportion, but are only schematic representations of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in the embodiments of this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components.

[0062] Embodiments of this disclosure provide a display substrate in which at least one antenna array is disposed, wherein the radiating portion and the ground portion of the antenna element in the antenna array are respectively disposed on both sides of the substrate of the display substrate. By disposing of the antenna array in the display substrate, the space available for arranging the antenna array is expanded.

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the display substrate 100 includes at least one antenna array. Figure 1 The illustration uses four antenna arrays (first antenna array 10A, second antenna array 10B, third antenna array 10C, and fourth antenna array 10D, hereinafter collectively referred to as antenna array 10) as an example. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this, and the number and position of antenna arrays 10 can be set as needed. For example, the display substrate may include any one or more of antenna arrays 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D. Of course, the display substrate may also include five or more antenna arrays.

[0065] Each antenna array 10 includes multiple antenna elements 110, enabling the antenna array 10 to be used as a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array. Figure 1 For simplicity, only the antenna element 110 of antenna array 10A is labeled in this example. Figure 1 In the first antenna array 10A, multiple antenna elements 110 are arranged along the first edge of the display substrate 100 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 The antenna elements 110 in the second antenna array 10B are arranged along the second edge of the display substrate 100 opposite to the first edge (as shown above). Figure 1 The antenna elements 110 in the third antenna array 10C are arranged along the third edge of the display substrate 100 (as shown in the lower edge diagram). Figure 1 The antenna elements in the fourth antenna array 10D are arranged along the fourth edge of the display substrate 100 opposite to the third edge (as shown on the left edge). Figure 1 (As shown on the right edge) arranged. Figure 1 In this embodiment, each antenna array 10 includes four antenna elements 110; however, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to this, and the number and arrangement of the antenna elements 110 can be set as needed. For example, the number of antenna elements 110 can be 2. n There are n, where n is an integer greater than 1. They can be arranged in other ways as needed (e.g., arranged in a curve or a two-dimensional array), or they can be set in other positions on the display substrate as needed.

[0066] Figure 2 A top view of an antenna unit in a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna unit 110 includes a first radiating portion 1101 and a grounding portion 1102. The first radiating portion 1101 includes a first part 1101A for radiating energy and a second part 1101B for feeding power to the first part 1101A. The second part 1101B extends from the first part 1101A to the edge of the display substrate. For example, it can be... Figure 1 Each antenna element 110 is arranged in the manner shown, such that the second part 1101B of the first radiating part 1101 of each antenna element extends to the edge of the antenna panel 100.

[0068] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the example, the first part 1101A of the first radiating part 1101 has an axisymmetric shape. Figure 2 The first radiating portion 1101 is rectangular, and its second portion 1101B is strip-shaped. The second portion 1101B extends from the first portion 1101A to the edge of the display substrate along the axis of symmetry of the first portion 1101A. In a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second portion 1101B, the width of the second portion 1101B is smaller than the width of the first portion 1101A. Furthermore, in... Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the example, the grounding portion 1102 is a rectangle with an area larger than that of the first radiating portion 1101. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this, and the shape and size of the first radiating portion 1101 and the grounding portion 1102 can be set as needed, which will be described in further detail below.

[0069] Figure 3a A display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle. Figure 3b A display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the BB line.

[0070] like Figure 3a and 3bAs shown, in addition to the antenna unit 110, the display substrate 100 also includes a substrate 20, a polarizing layer 30, a common electrode layer 40, and a light-shielding layer 50. The polarizing layer 30 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the substrate 20, the common electrode layer 40 is disposed on the light-incident side of the substrate 20, and the light-shielding layer 50 is disposed on the side of the common electrode layer 40 away from the substrate 20. The substrate 20 can be made of a light-transmitting material such as glass to transmit light from the light-incident side to the light-emitting side. The polarizing layer 30 can be a polarizer used to polarize the light emitted from the substrate 20. The common electrode layer 40 can include a common electrode, which is used to cooperate with electrodes on the array substrate to achieve the display. The light-shielding layer 50 can include a black matrix.

[0071] like Figure 3a and 3b As shown, the first radiating portion 1101 of the antenna element 110 can be disposed on the light-emitting side of the substrate 20, and the grounding portion 1102 of the antenna element 110 can be disposed on the light-incident side of the substrate 20. The projection range of the first radiating portion 1101 on the substrate 20 can fall within the projection range of the grounding portion 1102 on the substrate 20. The first radiating portion 1101 and the grounding portion 1102 can be made of low-resistance, low-loss metals such as copper, gold, and silver, for example, in the form of a metal grid.

[0072] exist Figure 3a and Figure 3b In the example, the first radiating portion 1101 is disposed on the side of the polarizing layer 30 away from the substrate 20, and the ground portion 1102 is disposed between the substrate 20 and the common electrode layer 40. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this, and the antenna element 110 can be disposed in the display substrate in other ways as needed. For example, an insulating layer 60 (second insulating layer) can be disposed between the ground portion 1102 and the common electrode layer 40, such as... Figure 3c As shown. The insulating layer 60 can be made of silicon nitride (SiN) or silicon oxide (SiO). The insulating layer 60 can be formed by a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PEVCD) process. In some embodiments, the first radiating portion 1101 can be disposed on the polarizing layer 30 on the side close to the substrate 20, such as... Figure 3d As shown. In some embodiments, the grounding portion 1102 can be disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the common electrode layer 40, such as... Figure 3e As shown. In Figures 3c to 3e In the example, the first part 1101A and the second part 1101B of the first radiating part 1101 are located on the same layer. Although only the cross-sectional view along line AA is shown for simplicity, the position of the second part 1101B in the cross-sectional view can be represented by the first part 1101A.

[0073] Figure 4 A top view of an antenna unit in a display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The display substrate and Figure 2 Similarly, the difference lies at least in Figure 4 The display substrate also includes a second radiating section 1103. For the sake of brevity, the differences will be described in detail below.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, the antenna element includes a first radiating part 1101, a second radiating part 1103, and a grounding part 1102. (See above reference.) Figure 1 The descriptions of the first radiating part 1101 and the grounding part 1102 in Figure 3 also apply to... Figure 4 .exist Figure 4 In this configuration, the second radiating part 1103 can have an area smaller than the first radiating part 1101 (e.g., smaller than the area of ​​the first part of the first radiating part 1101), thereby radiating energy at a higher frequency than the first radiating part 1101, while ensuring that the first radiating part 1101 is not completely blocked by the second radiating part 1103 so that it can radiate energy at a lower frequency. Although Figure 4 The second radiating part 1103 is shown as having a rectangular shape; however, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto, and the shape, size, and position of the second radiating part 1103 relative to the first radiating part 1101 can be set as needed.

[0075] Figure 5a A display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle. Figure 5a The display substrate and Figure 3e Similarly, the difference lies at least in Figure 5a The display substrate also includes a second radiating portion 1103, which is disposed on the side of the first radiating portion 1101 away from the substrate 20. For the sake of simplicity, the distinguishing parts will be described in detail below.

[0076] exist Figure 5a In this configuration, both the first radiating portion 1101 and the second radiating portion 1103 are disposed on the polarization layer 30. The first radiating portion 1101 is disposed on the side of the polarization layer 30 facing the substrate 20, while the second radiating portion 1103 is disposed on the side of the polarization layer 30 away from the substrate 20. The projection range of the second radiating portion 1103 onto the substrate 20 is within the projection range of the first radiating portion 1101 onto the substrate 20. Unlike the first radiating portion 1101, the second radiating portion 1103 may not have a feed line (e.g., ...). Figure 4As shown, energy can be transferred from the first radiating part 1101 to the second radiating part 1103 through coupling between the first radiating part 1101 and the second radiating part 1103. The first radiating part 1101, the second radiating part 1103, and the grounding part 1102 can all be made of low-resistance, low-loss metals such as copper, gold, or silver, for example, manufactured in the form of a metal grid. By providing the first radiating part 1101 and the second radiating part 1103, the antenna array can radiate energy in two different frequency bands. For example, the first radiating part 1101 can be used to achieve energy radiation in a first frequency band (e.g., a center frequency of approximately 28 GHz), and the second radiating part 1103 can be used to achieve energy radiation in a second frequency band (e.g., a center frequency of approximately 39 GHz), thereby enabling the deployment of a millimeter-wave antenna array conforming to the 5G (5th-Generation) standard in a display substrate.

[0077] Figure 5b A display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown along... Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle. Figure 5b The display substrate and Figure 5a Similarly, the difference lies at least in Figure 5b The first radiating portion 1101 and the second radiating portion 1103 of the display substrate are disposed on the same side of the polarization layer 30, and an insulating layer 70 (first insulating layer) is also provided between the first radiating portion 1101 and the second radiating portion 1103. For the sake of simplicity, the differences will be described in detail below.

[0078] exist Figure 5b In this configuration, both the first radiating portion 1101 and the second radiating portion 1103 are disposed on the side of the polarizing layer 30 facing the substrate 20, and an insulating layer 70 is provided between the first radiating portion 1101 and the second radiating portion 1103 to electrically isolate them. In some embodiments, the first radiating portion 1101 and the second radiating portion 1103, with the insulating layer 70 between them, can be disposed on the side of the polarizing layer 30 away from the substrate 20. The insulating layer 70 can be an insulating film made of a transparent insulating material such as PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) or transparent polyimide.

[0079] Although Figure 5a and Figure 5b Both are similar Figure 3a The structure of the light-incident side of the substrate 20 can be arranged in the manner described in any of the embodiments above. However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to this.

[0080] Figures 6a to 6c They are shown respectively Figure 4A schematic diagram of the grounding part, the first radiating part and the second radiating part of the antenna element. Figures 6a to 6c The structure of the antenna unit is applicable to the display substrate of any of the above embodiments.

[0081] like Figures 6a to 6c As shown, one or more of the first radiating portion 1101, the second radiating portion 1103, and the ground portion 1102 can be a metal grid. The grid line width of the metal grid can be less than or equal to 5 μm, and the distance between adjacent grid lines can be greater than or equal to 200 μm to ensure that the transmittance of the display substrate is within the desired range. The distance between adjacent grid lines can be less than 500 μm (i.e., one-twentieth of the antenna radiation wavelength) to ensure that the antenna performance is within the desired range. The metal grid can be made of at least one of copper, gold, and silver. The metal grid is formed by at least one of magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, and electroplating. Figures 6a to 6c In this embodiment, the grid lines of the metal grid are inclined at a preset angle (e.g., about 45 degrees) relative to the edge of the metal grid. However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to this, and the metal grid may have other shapes and layouts as needed.

[0082] Figure 7a A cross-sectional view of an antenna element in a display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7b It shows Figure 7a The schematic diagram of the grounding part and black matrix of the antenna element. Figure 7a The display substrate and Figure 3e Similar to the display substrate, the difference lies at least in that the first radiating portion 1101 and the ground portion 1102 adopt a method such as Figure 6a and Figure 6c The metal grid structure shown is illustrated below. For the sake of simplicity, the differences will be described in detail below.

[0083] exist Figure 7a and Figure 7b In this structure, the light-shielding layer 50 is a black matrix, and the first radiating portion 1101 and the ground portion 1102 are metal grids. The ground portion 1102 is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer 50 away from the common electrode layer 40, and the projection of the ground portion 1102 onto the substrate 20 is within the projection of the black matrix 50 onto the substrate 20. Figure 7b As shown, the metal grid of the grounding portion 1102 can be arranged in the same way as the black matrix, but the grid line width of the metal grid of the grounding portion 1102 is smaller than the width of the matrix element of the black matrix, thereby causing the grounding portion 1102 to be obscured by the black matrix. In this way, the impact of the antenna element on the display can be further reduced.

[0084] Figures 8a to 8e Plan views of several examples of antenna elements according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 8aAs shown, the first radiating part 1101A of the first radiating part 1101 of the antenna element, which radiates energy, can be designed as a circle, and the second part 1101B, which feeds power to the first part 1101A, can be designed as a strip, the width of which is smaller than the diameter of the circle. The second part 1101B extends from the first part 1101A to the edge of the display substrate along the extension of the axis of symmetry of the first part 1101A, for example, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 The antenna elements are arranged as shown. The first radiating portion 1101 of the antenna element can also be designed in other shapes; for example, the first part 1101A of the first radiating portion 1101 can be hexagonal (e.g., ...). Figure 8b As shown), triangle (as shown) Figure 8c (as shown), a rectangle whose four corners are cut with a preset arc (e.g.) Figure 8d (as shown) and rectangles cut along straight lines at both corners (such as...) Figure 8e As shown), the second part 1101B of the first radiating part 1101 can both be designed as strips (e.g., Figures 8a to 8e (As shown).

[0085] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto, and the first portion 1101A and the second portion 1101B of the first radiating portion 1101 can be designed with other shapes and sizes as needed. In some embodiments, the multiple antenna arrays on the display substrate may all employ antenna elements of the same structure and / or size. In other embodiments, the structure and / or size of the antenna elements of one antenna array may differ from the structure and / or size of the antenna elements of another antenna array, while the individual antenna elements in the same antenna array have the same structure and size.

[0086] In addition, although the above Figures 8a to 8e The example shown is an antenna element including a first radiating part 1101. However, in some embodiments, a second radiating part can also be provided as described above. The second radiating part may have the same or different shape as the first part 1101A of the first radiating part 1101 for radiating energy, but its area is smaller than that of the first part 1101A.

[0087] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. This manufacturing method can be used to manufacture the display substrate of any of the above embodiments.

[0088] In step S901, a common electrode layer, a light-shielding layer, and a grounding portion of at least one antenna element of an antenna array are formed on the light-incident side of the substrate.

[0089] In some embodiments, a ground portion, a common electrode layer, and a light-shielding layer of at least one antenna element of an antenna array can be sequentially formed on the light-incident side of the substrate, thereby obtaining, as shown in the figure. Figure 3a and Figure 3b The substrate incident light-side structure is shown. In some embodiments, an insulating layer may also be formed between the common electrode layer and the light-shielding layer to obtain, as shown... Figure 3c The substrate light-incident side structure is shown. In some embodiments, a common electrode layer, a light-shielding layer, and a grounding portion of the antenna element can be sequentially formed on the light-incident side of the substrate, thereby obtaining the structure shown. Figure 3e The substrate incident light side structure is shown.

[0090] In step S902, a polarization layer and a first radiating portion of a plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array are formed on the light-emitting side of the substrate.

[0091] The first radiating part can be disposed on the side of the polarization layer away from the substrate (e.g.) Figures 3a to 3c As shown), or the side facing the substrate (e.g. Figure 3d and Figure 3e (As shown). In some embodiments, a second radiating portion may also be provided on the side of the first radiating portion away from the substrate, such as... Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown.

[0092] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0093] In step S1001, a common electrode layer is formed on the light-incident side surface of the substrate.

[0094] In step S1002, a light-shielding layer is formed on the common electrode layer, the light-shielding layer comprising a black matrix.

[0095] In step S1003, a grounding portion of at least one antenna element of an antenna array is formed on the black matrix, such that the projection of the grounding portion on the substrate is within the projection of the black matrix on the substrate.

[0096] Through the above steps S1001 to S1003, for example, we can obtain... Figure 5a and Figure 5b The substrate light-incident side structure is shown. In some embodiments, it can be as follows: Figure 7a and Figure 7b The grounding portion is designed as a metal grid, where the grid linewidth is smaller than the cell width of the black matrix, thus shielding the grounding portion from the black matrix. The grounding portion can be formed using at least one of magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, and electroplating, for example, forming a... Figure 6a The grounding section shown is in the form of a metal grid.

[0097] In step S1004, a polarization layer and a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion of a plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array are formed on the light-emitting side of the substrate.

[0098] The second radiating portion can be formed on the side of the first radiating portion away from the substrate, such that the projection range of the second radiating portion on the substrate is within the projection range of the first radiating portion on the substrate. The first and second radiating portions can be formed by at least one process selected from magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, and electroplating, for example, forming... Figure 6b and Figure 6c The first and second radiating sections are shown in the form of a metal grid.

[0099] In some embodiments, a first radiating portion can be formed on one side of the polarizing layer (e.g., the side facing the substrate) and a second radiating portion can be formed on the other side of the polarizing layer (e.g., the side away from the substrate), to obtain a combined structure including the polarizing layer, the first radiating portion, and the second radiating portion. This combined structure is then disposed, for example, in a bonded manner, on the light-emitting side of the substrate, thereby obtaining, for example... Figure 5a The light-emitting side structure of the substrate is shown.

[0100] In some embodiments, a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion can be formed on both sides of a first insulating layer made of materials such as PET or transparent polyimide to obtain a first combined structure. The first combined structure is then disposed, for example, in a bonded manner, on one side of the polarizing layer (e.g., the side facing the substrate or the side away from the substrate) to obtain a second combined structure. This second combined structure is then disposed, for example, in a bonded manner, on the light-emitting side surface of the substrate. Through the above method, for example... Figure 5b The substrate light-emitting side structure shown includes a first combined structure of a first radiating portion 1101, a second radiating portion 1103, and an insulating layer 70 (first insulating layer) located on the side of the polarizing layer 30 away from the facing side. Of course, the first combined structure can also be located on the side of the polarizing layer away from the substrate.

[0101] Figure 11 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a display substrate according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0102] In step S1101, a grounding portion of at least one antenna element of an antenna array is formed on the light-incident side surface of the substrate.

[0103] In step S1102, a second insulating layer is formed on the ground portion of the plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array. For example, the second insulating layer can be formed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PEVCD).

[0104] In step S1103, a common electrode layer is formed on the second insulating layer.

[0105] In step S1104, a light-shielding layer is formed on the common electrode layer.

[0106] Through the above steps S1101 to S1104, for example, can be formed. Figure 3c The substrate incident light side structure is shown.

[0107] In step S1105, a polarization layer and a first radiating portion of a plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array are formed on the light-emitting side of the substrate.

[0108] In some embodiments, a first radiating portion can be formed on the surface of one side of the polarizing layer (e.g., the side facing the substrate) to obtain a combined structure including the polarizing layer and the first radiating portion. This combined structure is then disposed, for example, in a bonded manner, on the light-emitting side of the substrate, thereby obtaining, for example... Figure 3d and Figure 3e The light-emitting side structure of the substrate is shown. In some embodiments, a first radiating portion can be formed on the surface of the other side of the polarization layer (e.g., the side away from the substrate) to obtain a combined structure including the polarization layer and the first radiating portion. This combined structure is then disposed, for example, in a bonded manner, on the light-emitting side of the substrate to obtain, for example... Figures 3a to 3c The light-emitting side structure of the substrate is shown.

[0109] The following will refer to Figures 12a to 13b The antenna performance of the display substrate in the embodiments of this disclosure will be explained.

[0110] Figure 12a and Figure 12b Antenna radiation patterns of the antenna array according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown with and without a second insulating layer (for the case of radiating energy in a single frequency band). Figure 12c and Figure 12d Antenna patterns (for the case including a second insulating layer) of an antenna array radiating energy in a single frequency band (center frequency of about 28 GHz) and an antenna array radiating energy in dual frequency bands (center frequencies of about 28 GHz and 39 GHz, respectively) according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown respectively. Figures 12a to 12d In the diagram, the horizontal axis Theta represents the angle (in degrees, deg), and the vertical axis represents the gain (in dBi). The dashed lines in the diagram represent... Figure 1 The radiation pattern curves of the two antenna arrays (10C and 10D) arranged horizontally are shown below. The solid lines represent... Figure 1 The radiation pattern curves of two antenna arrays (10A and 10B) arranged vertically are shown.

[0111] from Figure 12a and Figure 12b As can be seen, the antenna array in this embodiment of the present disclosure has a second insulating layer (such as...) in the display substrate. Figure 3d(as shown) and without a second insulating layer (as shown) Figures 3a to 3c , Figure 3e , Figure 4 , Figure 5a and Figure 5b In all cases (as shown), the desired directionality can be achieved. From Figure 12c and Figure 12d It can be seen that the antenna array in the embodiments of this disclosure is based on a single-frequency antenna structure (such as...). Figures 2 to 3e (as shown) and dual-band antenna structure (as shown) Figures 4 to 5b As shown, the desired directionality can be achieved in all cases.

[0112] Figure 13a and Figure 13b The diagrams show the antenna port S11 parameters of the antenna array according to embodiments of the present disclosure with and without a second insulating layer (for the case of radiated energy in a single frequency band). Figure 13c A graph showing the S11 parameters of an antenna array radiating energy in dual bands (center frequencies of approximately 28 GHz and 39 GHz, respectively) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is provided (for the case with a second insulating layer). Figures 13a to 13c In the diagram, the horizontal axis Freq represents the frequency (in GHz), and the vertical axis S(1, 1) represents the S11 parameter value (in dB). The S11 parameter, as one of the antenna's S-parameters, indicates the antenna's return loss characteristics. A larger S11 parameter value indicates a larger ratio of reflected power to input power, meaning greater return loss; a smaller S11 parameter value indicates lower return loss.

[0113] from Figure 13a and Figure 13b It can be seen that the antenna arrays of the embodiments of this disclosure can achieve the desired resonance effect both with and without a second insulating layer. From Figure 13c It can be seen that the antenna array of the present invention can achieve the desired resonance effect in both the first frequency band (center frequency of about 28 GHz) and the second frequency band (center frequency of about 39 GHz).

[0114] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described above are exemplary and can be improved upon. The structures described in the various embodiments can be freely combined without causing any conflict in structure or principle.

[0115] After a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of this disclosure, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims, and that this disclosure is not limited to the implementation of the exemplary embodiments described in the specification.

Claims

1. A display substrate, comprising: a substrate; a polarization layer disposed on a light-outgoing side of the substrate; a common electrode layer disposed on a light-ingoing side of the substrate; a light-shielding layer disposed on a side of the common electrode layer distal from the substrate; and at least one antenna array, each antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements, each antenna element comprising a first radiating portion disposed on the light-outgoing side of the substrate and a ground portion disposed on the light-ingoing side of the substrate, the first radiating portion being disposed on the polarization layer on a side facing the substrate; the antenna element further comprising a second radiating portion disposed on the polarization layer on a side distal from the substrate, the second radiating portion acquiring energy from the first radiating portion through coupling with the first radiating portion, the second radiating portion radiating energy at a frequency greater than that of the first radiating portion; the ground portion being disposed on a side of the light-shielding layer distal from the common electrode layer, the light-shielding layer comprising a black matrix, a projection of the ground portion on the substrate being within a projection of the black matrix on the substrate. a projection of the second radiating portion on the substrate is within a projection of the first radiating portion on the substrate. 2.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, the first radiating portion and the ground portion are each a metal grid, a grid line width of the metal grid being less than or equal to 5 μm, a distance between adjacent grid lines being greater than or equal to 200 μm. 3.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, the metal grid is made of at least one of copper, gold, and silver. 4.The display substrate of claim 3, wherein, 5.The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein a projection of the first radiating portion on the substrate falls within a projection of the ground portion on the substrate; and the first radiating portion comprises a first portion for radiating energy and a second portion for feeding the first portion, the second portion extending from the first portion to an edge of the display substrate. the at least one antenna array comprises at least one of a first antenna array, a second antenna array, a third antenna array, and a fourth antenna array, the plurality of antenna elements in the first antenna array being arranged along a first edge of the display substrate, the plurality of antenna elements in the second antenna array being arranged along a second edge of the display substrate opposite the first edge, the plurality of antenna elements in the third antenna array being arranged along a third edge of the display substrate, and the plurality of antenna elements in the fourth antenna array being arranged along a fourth edge of the display substrate opposite the third edge. 6.The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, the first antenna array, the second antenna array, the third antenna array, and the fourth antenna array each comprise 4 or more antenna elements. 7.The display substrate of claim 6, wherein, 8.A method of manufacturing the display substrate according to claim 1, comprising: forming a common electrode layer, a light-shielding layer, and a ground portion of a plurality of antenna elements of at least one antenna array on a light-ingoing side of a substrate; and forming a polarization layer and a first radiating portion of the plurality of antenna elements of the at least one antenna array on a light-outgoing side of the substrate, the first radiating portion being formed on a side of the polarization layer facing the substrate. ​ ​ A second radiation portion is formed on a side of the polarization layer distal to the substrate, the second radiation portion acquires energy from the first radiation portion by coupling with the first radiation portion, and the second radiation portion radiates energy at a frequency greater than the frequency of the energy radiated by the first radiation portion; The light-blocking layer is disposed on a side of the common electrode layer distal to the substrate, and the ground portion is disposed on a side of the light-blocking layer distal to the common electrode layer, the light-blocking layer includes a black matrix, and a projection of the ground portion on the substrate is within a projection of the black matrix on the substrate.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein, A projection of the second radiation portion on the substrate is within a projection of the first radiation portion on the substrate.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, wherein, The first radiation portion and the ground portion are formed by at least one of magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, and electroplating.

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