A bionic river sitting bottom for hydrological sediment monitoring

Abstract

This invention discloses a biomimetic riverbed for hydrological and sediment monitoring, comprising a biomimetic fish frame, a biomimetic fish shell, a central partition, a movable fish tail, a left cavity, a right cavity, a sediment collection and stabilizing plate, a first monitoring device clamp, a second monitoring device clamp, a third monitoring device clamp, a fourth monitoring device clamp, and a heavy-duty bottom plate. The bed is shaped like a released fish with a fixed head and a movable tail. The front two-thirds of the biomimetic fish's body remains rigid to reduce the amplitude of head movement, while the rear one-third of the body oscillates left and right to generate propulsive kinetic energy. The movable tail automatically oscillates under water flow, adjusting its own resistance and ensuring stable placement on the riverbed. The biomimetic riverbed and monitoring device provided by this invention are highly adaptable and suitable for comprehensive monitoring in various situations, including plateau rivers, mountain rivers, and urban rivers in my country, enabling more convenient and efficient acquisition of hydrological and sediment data and improving the convenience and accuracy of water temperature and sediment detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a novel biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring, particularly suitable for rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and coastal areas where there is no one to monitor them, manual monitoring is difficult, or monitoring time is limited. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrological sediment monitoring technology is a crucial foundation for water conservancy and hydrological informatization. It not only ensures the safe operation of water conservancy projects but also plays a vital role in flood prevention and mitigation, scientific water resource allocation, and geological and geomorphological research. Traditional hydrological monitoring instruments and equipment are designed based on single physical principles and do not simultaneously collect multi-source information from the field. Different instruments and equipment have unique adaptability to riverbed composition and sediment transport intensity, but all have their limitations.

[0003] The main methods for measuring single flow velocities are propeller velocity meters and acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). Among them, ADCP has become the standard technique for measuring flow velocities in marine, estuarine, and freshwater environments.

[0004] There are three main methods for measuring single suspended matter: the sampler method is widely accepted, time-tested, easy to use, and calibrates other methods, but it requires post-processing, on-site manual intervention, and interference with the flow field; the acoustic method has the advantages of a wide vertical range, good resolution, and no interference, but the backscattered signal interference factors are complex, and the signal is easily lost at high concentrations; the laser method has the advantages of achieving in-situ gradation measurement, and the suspended sediment concentration does not depend on gradation, but it is expensive and unreliable, only applicable to small particle size ranges, only point measurement, and interferes with the flow field.

[0005] There are four main methods for measuring bedload transport: the sampler method is widely accepted, verifiable over time, and allows for on-site inspection of sand samples, but has low sampling efficiency and interferes with the flow field; the trench method yields relatively reliable results when not silted up, is suitable for seasonal streams, but is not suitable for high flow rates or fixed locations, and can mostly only be measured after floods, requires on-site construction, and is expensive; the particle tracking method can monitor particle movement trajectories, but is limited to surface particles, can mostly only be observed after flood events, and is expensive; the indirect observation method mostly does not interfere with the flow field and has high temporal resolution, but in some cases the received signal has a poor correlation with the bedload transport rate, and has not been widely accepted or used.

[0006] Therefore, researching and developing comprehensive monitoring devices suitable for various conditions such as plateau rivers, mountain rivers, and urban rivers in my country to obtain the required hydrological and sediment data not only improves the quality of measured results but also has significant economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a biomimetic riverbed and monitoring device for hydrological and sediment monitoring. This device is suitable for various conditions, including plateau rivers, mountain rivers, and urban rivers in my country, enabling more convenient and efficient acquisition of hydrological and sediment data and improving the convenience and accuracy of water temperature and sediment detection.

[0008] Based on the movement patterns of trevally, this invention provides a biomimetic riverbed for hydrological and sediment monitoring. Its shape resembles a released fish with a fixed head and a movable tail. The front two-thirds of the fish's body remains rigid to reduce the amplitude of head movement, while the rear one-third of the body oscillates left and right to generate propulsive kinetic energy. The movable tail automatically oscillates in the water flow, adjusting its own resistance and ensuring stable placement on the riverbed. The detection device for hydrological and sediment monitoring provided by this invention is obtained by installing hydrological and sediment monitoring equipment inside the biomimetic riverbed. The detection device employs a bottom-based observation and self-contained operating mode for measurement.

[0009] The biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring provided by the present invention includes a biomimetic fish frame, a biomimetic fish shell, a central partition, a movable fish tail, a left cavity, a right cavity, a sediment collection stabilizing plate, a first monitoring equipment clamp, a second monitoring equipment clamp, a third monitoring equipment clamp, a fourth monitoring equipment clamp, and a heavy bottom plate.

[0010] The bionic fish shell matches the shape of the bionic fish frame, covers and is fixedly connected to the outside of the bionic fish frame to form the body of the bionic fish, with the mouth and tail end of the abdomen of the bionic fish open; the movable fish tail is movably connected to the tail end of the bionic fish frame and can swing left and right relative to the bionic fish frame; the middle partition is horizontally fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the bionic fish frame, dividing the inner cavity of the bionic fish frame into upper and lower spaces, the first monitoring device clamp (16), the second monitoring device clamp (17), the third monitoring device clamp (18), and the fourth monitoring device clamp (19) are all set in the upper space of the inner cavity of the bionic fish and fixed to the bionic fish frame; the sediment collection stabilizing plate is set in the lower space of the bionic fish frame, extending from the mouth of the bionic fish through the lower space to the tail end of the abdomen of the bionic fish; the left cavity and the right cavity are symmetrically structured and embedded on both sides of the fish body in the upper space of the bionic fish frame; the heavy bottom plate is set directly below the release fish frame and is fixedly connected to the bionic fish frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the biomimetic fish frame consists of a spindle-shaped central frame, several horizontal strips, several U-shaped frame strips, several connecting strips, and two arc-shaped frame strips. The several horizontal frame strips are arranged horizontally and vertically intersecting within the spindle-shaped central frame and are fixedly connected to the spindle-shaped central frame to form a plane of the spindle-shaped frame. The several U-shaped frame strips are respectively erected and fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the plane of the spindle-shaped frame, with the arc-shaped parts facing the back and belly of the fish, respectively. The several connecting strips are fixed between two adjacent U-shaped frame strips on the upper surface of the plane of the spindle-shaped frame, connecting the U-shaped frame strips into a whole. The last U-shaped frame strip is fixedly connected to the tail end of the spindle-shaped central frame through the connecting strip. The first U-shaped frame strip of the biomimetic fish head is fixedly connected to the head of the spindle-shaped central frame through two arc-shaped frame strips to form the head of the biomimetic fish. A cavity is formed between the two arc-shaped frame strips and the plane of the spindle-shaped frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the head of the bionic fish frame is a cavity, and the left cavity (10) and right cavity (9) are hollow, elongated plastic cavities located on both sides of the upper space of the inner cavity of the bionic fish frame. One end of the cavity is enlarged and embedded in the head cavity of the bionic fish frame, while the other end extends to the tail of the fish. The cavity design prevents the device from tilting to one side on the riverbed or from deflecting too much vertically during initial placement. The cavity occupies part of the front, middle, and tail of the bionic fish frame, making the top of the base lighter than the bottom, increasing the buoyancy of the upper part of the fish, thus ensuring that it will not be overturned by the turbulence of the riverbed when deployed by cable. Even if it is overturned, the buoyancy of the cavity can keep the invention upright, without affecting continuous measurement.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable fish tail is movably connected to the tail end of the bionic fish frame via a plug. The plug connection is similar to a hinge connection, passing through plug holes on both the tail end of the bionic fish frame and the movable fish tail, thus movably connecting the two. Riverbed topography is very complex; the bionic fish-shaped underwater monitoring device can significantly reduce water flow resistance. To further improve the device's adaptability to harsh water conditions, the movable fish tail is connected to the main body of the bionic fish via a plug, allowing the tail to swing in different directions of current, causing the bionic fish's head to move towards the direction of the current.

[0014] Furthermore, the sediment collection stabilizing plate is U-shaped in the middle. Towards the fish mouth end, there is a horizontal plate connected to the middle of the U-shape, followed by an inclined plate at the fish mouth connected to the horizontal plate, and towards the fish tail end, an inclined plate sloping towards the fish belly connected to the horizontal plate connected to the middle of the U-shape. During the sampling phase, bedload from the riverbed enters through the inclined plate at the biomimetic fish's entrance, filling the U-shaped trough. Excess bedload flows out through the inclined plate at the rear. A portion of the bedload is collected and brought ashore for analysis during each sampling period. In addition, the inclined plate design allows the water flowing through the second layer to generate both forward and downward forces. The forward force counteracts some of the drag force of the water flow, while the downward force increases the weight of the invention. Both forces aim to make the invention more stable on the riverbed for monitoring, preventing it from being overturned by the water flow.

[0015] Furthermore, the sediment collection stabilizing plate has a mounting groove for installing a vibration sensor on its horizontal plate, and a groove cover flush with the horizontal plate is provided on the groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the first, second, third, and fourth monitoring equipment clamps are basket-shaped structures composed of several frame strips. In practice, the specific dimensions can be determined according to the size of the monitoring equipment to be installed, ensuring that the monitoring equipment can be stably fixed on the base.

[0017] Furthermore, the bionic fish frame is equipped with hooks at the head and tail ends to lower the entire device to the riverbed.

[0018] Furthermore, the medium-weight base plate is a steel plate with a certain weight, and two weight hooks (6) are provided on the bottom surface of the steel plate. In some mountain rivers, the river gradient is large, and the drag force generated by the water flow often exceeds the underwater weight of the base itself, making it easy to be carried downstream. Two bottom weight hooks are provided to connect heavy objects buried in the riverbed, such as lead weights, so as to place lead weights to further increase the overall weight of the base.

[0019] In the technical solution of this invention, preferably, due to the rapid current at the bottom of the river and the severe wear of the pebbles and gravel, the biomimetic fish frame 1 has a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 × 2.5 cm. 2 Made of high-manganese steel, the frame consists of two layers. The first layer forms the skeleton of the bionic fish to support all the equipment. The second layer uses columnar supports with fitted sidewalls. All connections are welded to form a single, integrated skeleton, increasing structural strength. A 1cm thick steel plate serves as a central partition 3 between the first and second layers. The base plate is made of steel with a thickness of at least 5cm. To protect the measuring devices installed inside the bionic fish from damage by pebbles carried by the water flow, a 1cm thick steel plate is secured to the outside of the bionic fish frame with screws and nuts, forming a protective outer shell.

[0020] The biomimetic monitoring device for hydrological sediment monitoring provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned biomimetic riverbed, and different monitoring devices are installed in the first monitoring device clamp, the second monitoring device clamp, the third monitoring device clamp, and the fourth monitoring device clamp according to the monitoring needs. A vibration sensor is installed on the sediment collection stabilizing plate to monitor the vibration generated by the movement of bedload on the riverbed and thus obtain the bedload transport rate.

[0021] The biomimetic monitoring device provided by this invention further incorporates, based on the four sets of data elements measured by traditional hydrological stations: cross-sectional flow velocity, water temperature, suspended mass, and bedload, preferably by installing an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), an optical backscattering self-contained turbidimeter, a LISST-200X water body on-site laser particle size analyzer, and an LRT lightweight release device in the first, second, third, and fourth monitoring device clamps of the biomimetic river bottom.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0023] 1) The biomimetic fish-like design minimizes its impact on monitoring.

[0024] The shape of this invention mimics that of a trevally, resulting in less underwater resistance and reducing the impact of the device on the water body and riverbed (such as water flow velocity and sediment movement), thus minimizing inaccurate monitoring data.

[0025] 2) The cavity and weighted components facilitate the stability of the device.

[0026] The invention is equipped with cavities and heavier base plates on the left and right sides of the device, which helps the device maintain balance at the bottom of the water and prevents it from tilting during deployment and measurement.

[0027] 3) Modular design, suitable for a wider range of environments

[0028] The measurement systems in this invention are independent of each other and do not affect each other. Users can flexibly assemble monitoring instruments according to their own needs, and they can be recycled, showing broad application prospects in the future.

[0029] 4) Convenient to place, no dedicated personnel required to supervise.

[0030] This invention allows for the direct deployment of pre-set instrument parameters using cranes or ships to the designated locations, eliminating the need for dedicated personnel to monitor the equipment. Data collection is simply required according to the set schedule. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram (with outer shell) of the biomimetic riverbed (equipped with hydrological monitoring equipment) for hydrological sediment monitoring as described in this invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram (without the outer shell) of the biomimetic riverbed (equipped with hydrological monitoring equipment) for hydrological sediment monitoring as described in this invention.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the biomimetic fish frame for hydrological sediment monitoring based on the biomimetic riverbed described in this invention.

[0035] Figure 5 Diagram showing the connection between the movable fish tail and the bionic fish body;

[0036] Figure 6 Structural diagram of the lower space and sediment collection stabilizing plate and heavy bottom plate within the inner cavity of the biomimetic fish frame;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a 3D view of the midsole plate;

[0038] Figure 8 Three-dimensional views of the left and right cavities;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the first fixture;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the second clamp;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the third clamp;

[0042] Figure 12 This is the structural diagram of the fourth clamp.

[0043] In the diagram, 1-Bionic fish frame, 2-Heavy base plate, 3-Middle partition, 4-Bionic fish shell, 5-Hanging hook, 6-Weight hook, 7-Moving fish tail, 8-Plug, 9-Right cavity, 10-Left cavity, 11-Sediment collection stabilizing plate, 12-Acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), 13-Optical backscattering self-contained turbidimeter, 14-LISST-200X water body on-site laser particle size analyzer, 15-LRT lightweight release device, 16-First monitoring equipment clamp, 17-Second monitoring equipment clamp, 18-Third monitoring equipment clamp, 19-Fourth monitoring equipment clamp, 20-Gasket, 21-Placement trough. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further illustrated below through embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above-described invention, and these improvements and adjustments still fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring, with the structure as follows: Figure 1-12 As shown, it includes a biomimetic fish frame 1, a biomimetic fish shell 4, a central partition 3, a movable fish tail 7, a left cavity 10, a right cavity 9, a sediment collection stabilizing plate 11, a first monitoring device clamp 16, a second monitoring device clamp 17, a third monitoring device clamp 18, a fourth monitoring device clamp 19, and a heavy base plate 2.

[0047] The biomimetic fish frame 1 consists of a spindle-shaped central frame, several horizontal strips, several U-shaped frame strips, several connecting strips, and two arc-shaped frame strips. The horizontal frame strips are arranged horizontally and vertically intersecting within the spindle-shaped central frame and are fixedly connected to the spindle-shaped central frame to form a spindle-shaped frame plane. The several U-shaped frame strips are respectively erected and fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the spindle-shaped frame plane, with the arc-shaped parts facing the fish's back and belly respectively. The several connecting strips are fixed between adjacent U-shaped frame strips on the upper surface of the spindle-shaped frame plane, connecting the U-shaped frame strips into a whole. The last U-shaped frame strip is fixedly connected to the tail end of the spindle-shaped central frame through the connecting strip. The first U-shaped frame strip of the biomimetic fish head is fixedly connected to the head of the spindle-shaped central frame through two arc-shaped frame strips to form the biomimetic fish head. A cavity is formed between the two arc-shaped frame strips and the spindle-shaped frame plane. The bionic fish shell is a 1cm thick steel plate fixed to the outside of the bionic fish frame with screws and nuts. It serves as a protective outer layer for the bionic fish shell, protecting the measuring device installed in the bionic fish body from being damaged by the impact of pebbles carried by the water flow. Its shape matches the bionic fish frame, covering and fixing it to the outside of the bionic fish frame to form the body of the bionic fish. The mouth and abdomen of the bionic fish are open.

[0048] Due to the rapid currents and severe wear from the pebbles and gravel on the riverbed, the biomimetic fish frame 1 uses a cross-sectional area of ​​2.5 × 2.5 cm. 2Made of high-manganese steel, the frame consists of two layers. The first layer forms the skeleton of a bionic fish to support the placement of all equipment. The second layer uses columnar supports with sidewall fittings. All connections are welded to form a single skeleton, increasing structural strength. A 1cm thick steel plate serves as a central partition 3 to separate the first and second layers. This central partition is horizontally fixed in the middle of the bionic fish frame's inner cavity, dividing it into upper and lower spaces. The first monitoring device clamp 16, the second monitoring device clamp 17, the third monitoring device clamp 18, and the fourth monitoring device clamp 19 are all located in the upper space of the bionic fish's inner cavity and fixed to the bionic fish frame.

[0049] The sediment collection stabilizing plate 11 is installed in the lower space of the bionic fish frame, extending from the mouth of the bionic fish through the lower space to the tail end of the fish's abdomen, and is fixed to the bionic fish frame with screws and nuts. The middle of the sediment collection stabilizing plate is U-shaped, with a horizontal plate connected to the middle of the U-shape towards the fish's mouth, an inclined plate connected to the horizontal plate at the fish's mouth, and an inclined plate inclined towards the fish's abdomen towards the tail end, connected to the horizontal plate connected to the middle of the U-shape. A mounting slot 21 for installing a vibration sensor is provided on the horizontal plate of the sediment collection stabilizing plate 11, and a slot cover flush with the horizontal plate is provided on the mounting slot. During the sampling stage, bedload from the riverbed enters through the inclined plate at the entrance of the bionic fish. The bedload enters the U-shaped slot and fills it, while excess bedload flows out through the inclined plate at the rear and sits on the bottom. A portion of the bedload is collected and brought ashore for analysis during each sampling period. In addition, the inclined plate can generate a forward and downward force on the water flowing through the second layer. The forward force can offset some of the drag force of the water flow, and the downward force can increase the weight of the bottom. The purpose of both forces is to make the bottom more stable on the riverbed for monitoring, so as to prevent it from being overturned by the water flow.

[0050] The first monitoring equipment clamp 16, the second monitoring equipment clamp 17, the third monitoring equipment clamp 18, and the fourth monitoring equipment clamp 19 are basket-shaped structures composed of several frame strips, as shown in the figure. Figure 9-12The size and shape of each clamp are matched to the monitoring equipment to be installed. The first and fourth monitoring equipment clamps are cylindrical cavities. The bottom of the first monitoring equipment clamp is fixed to a gasket 20, which is then fixed to a central partition 3. The cylindrical basket is circumferentially fixed to the biomimetic fish frame for secure positioning. In this embodiment, the selected hydrological monitoring equipment includes an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) 12, an Optical Backscattering Self-Containing Turbidity Meter 13, a LISST-200X Water In-Situ Laser Particle Size Analyzer 14, and an LRT Lightweight Releaser 15, which are sequentially installed or placed in the first monitoring equipment clamp 16, the second monitoring equipment clamp 17, the third monitoring equipment clamp 18, and the fourth monitoring equipment clamp 19. The size and shape of each clamp match the corresponding monitoring equipment, ensuring correct placement and secure positioning of the equipment.

[0051] The left cavity 10 and right cavity 9 are symmetrically structured, elongated hollow plastic cavities located on either side of the upper space within the bionic fish frame. One end of each cavity is enlarged and fitted into the head cavity of the bionic fish frame, while the other end extends to the tail of the fish. These two cavities increase buoyancy at the upper part of the fish, ensuring that the device will not be capsized by turbulent currents when deployed to the riverbed via cable. Even if it is capsized, the buoyancy of the cavities will allow the device to stand upright, ensuring uninterrupted measurement.

[0052] The movable fish tail 7 is movably connected to the tail end of the bionic fish frame 1 via a plug 8. The plug passes through the plug hole provided on both the tail end of the bionic fish frame and the movable fish tail, movably connecting the two, so that the fish tail can swing left and right relative to the bionic fish frame, thereby further improving the adaptability of the bottom to harsh water conditions.

[0053] The bionic fish frame 1 is equipped with hooks 5 at the head and tail ends of the fish, which are used to suspend the entire base to the riverbed.

[0054] The heavy base plate 2 is welded directly below the bionic fish frame. The heavy base plate is a steel plate at least 5cm long and has a certain weight. The presence of the heavy base plate 2 increases the overall weight of the base. A section approximately 5×5×3cm is cut out at the front-to-back centerline of the heavy base plate 2. 3 The groove is formed, and two bottom weight hooks 6 are fixed here by welding technology. These hooks are used to hang heavy objects to increase the weight of the bottom. When the water flow is rapid, the lead fish is connected to the bottom weight hooks 6 by the hooks.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a biomimetic monitoring device for hydrological sediment monitoring, comprising the biomimetic riverbed and hydrological monitoring equipment of Embodiment 1. The hydrological monitoring equipment includes an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) 12, an optical backscattering self-contained turbidimeter 13, a LISST-200X water body on-site laser particle size analyzer 14, and an LRT lightweight release device 15. The acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) 12 is mounted on the biomimetic fish frame 1 using screws and nuts via an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) fixing clamp 16 and an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) gasket 20. The optical backscattering self-contained turbidimeter 13 is mounted on the biomimetic fish frame 1 using screws and nuts via an optical backscattering self-contained turbidimeter fixing clamp 17. The LISST-200X waterborne laser particle size analyzer 14 is mounted on the bionic fish frame 1 using screws and nuts via the LISST-200X waterborne laser particle size analyzer fixing clamp 18. The LRT lightweight release device 15 is mounted on the bionic fish frame 1 using screws and nuts via the LRT lightweight release device fixing clamp 19.

Claims

1. A biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring, characterized in that, It includes a biomimetic fish frame (1), a biomimetic fish shell (4), a central partition (3), a movable fish tail (7), a left cavity (10), a right cavity (9), a sediment collection stabilizing plate (11), a first monitoring equipment clamp (16), a second monitoring equipment clamp (17), a third monitoring equipment clamp (18), a fourth monitoring equipment clamp (19), and a heavy bottom plate (2); The biomimetic fish shell (4) matches the shape of the biomimetic fish frame (1), covering and fixing it to the outside of the biomimetic fish frame to form the body of the biomimetic fish. The mouth and abdomen of the biomimetic fish are open. The movable fish tail (7) is movably connected to the tail end of the biomimetic fish frame (1) and can swing left and right relative to the biomimetic fish frame. The movable fish tail is movably connected to the tail end of the biomimetic fish frame (1) through a plug (8). The plug passes through the plug holes provided on the tail end of the biomimetic fish frame and the movable fish tail, connecting the two movably. The middle partition is horizontally fixed in the middle of the inner cavity of the biomimetic fish frame, dividing the inner cavity of the biomimetic fish frame into upper and lower spaces. The first monitoring device clamp (16), the second monitoring device clamp (17), and the third monitoring device clamp (18) The fourth monitoring device clamp (19) is set in the upper space of the inner cavity of the bionic fish and fixed on the bionic fish frame; the sediment collection stabilizing plate (11) is set in the lower space of the bionic fish frame, extending from the mouth of the bionic fish through the lower space to the tail end of the abdomen of the bionic fish. The middle part of the sediment collection stabilizing plate (11) is U-shaped. Towards the mouth end, there is a horizontal plate connected to the middle of the U-shape, and an inclined plate connected to the horizontal plate at the mouth end. Towards the tail end, there is an inclined plate connected to the horizontal plate connected to the middle of the U-shape and inclined towards the abdomen of the fish; the left cavity (10) and the right cavity (9) are symmetrical in structure and are embedded on both sides of the fish body in the upper space of the bionic fish frame; the heavy bottom plate is set directly below the bionic fish frame and is fixedly connected to the bionic fish frame. The head of the bionic fish frame (1) is a cavity. The left cavity (10) and the right cavity (9) are hollow long plastic cavities located on both sides of the upper space of the inner cavity of the bionic fish frame. One end of the cavity is enlarged and embedded in the head cavity of the bionic fish frame, while the other end extends to the tail of the fish. The sediment collection stabilizing plate (11) has a mounting slot (21) for installing a vibration sensor on its horizontal plate, and a slot cover flush with the horizontal plate is provided on the mounting slot.

2. The biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic fish frame (1) consists of a spindle-shaped central frame, several horizontal frame strips, several U-shaped frame strips, several connecting strips, and two arc-shaped frame strips. The several horizontal frame strips are arranged horizontally and vertically in the spindle-shaped central frame and are fixedly connected to the spindle-shaped central frame to form a spindle-shaped frame plane. The several U-shaped frame strips are respectively fixed vertically on the upper and lower surfaces of the spindle-shaped frame plane, and the arc-shaped parts face the back and belly of the fish respectively. The several connecting strips are fixed between two adjacent U-shaped frame strips on the upper surface of the spindle-shaped frame plane to connect the U-shaped frame strips into one piece. The last U-shaped frame strip is fixedly connected to the tail end of the spindle-shaped central frame through the connecting strip. The first U-shaped frame strip of the biomimetic fish head is fixedly connected to the head of the spindle-shaped central frame through two arc-shaped frame strips to form the biomimetic fish head. A cavity is formed between the two arc-shaped frame strips and the spindle-shaped frame plane.

3. The biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first monitoring equipment clamp (16), the second monitoring equipment clamp (17), the third monitoring equipment clamp (18), and the fourth monitoring equipment clamp (19) are basket-shaped structures composed of several frame strips, and their size and shape match the monitoring equipment to be installed.

4. The biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bionic fish frame (1) is equipped with hooks (5) at the head and tail of the fish, which are used to suspend the entire bottom to the river bottom.

5. The biomimetic riverbed for hydrological sediment monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heavy base plate (2) is a steel plate with a certain weight, and the bottom surface of the steel plate is provided with a weight hook (6) for hanging heavy objects to increase the weight of the base.

6. A biomimetic monitoring device for hydrological sediment monitoring, characterized in that, Includes the biomimetic riverbed as described in any of claims 1-5, and different monitoring devices are installed in the first monitoring device clamp (16), the second monitoring device clamp (17), the third monitoring device clamp (18), and the fourth monitoring device clamp (19) according to monitoring needs, and a vibration sensor is installed in the placement slot (21) of the sediment collection stabilizing plate (11).

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