A fixing screw, a locking device and a locking system

Abstract

The present invention relates to an orthopedic locking device, wherein the connecting assembly of the locking device comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and a biasing member, wherein the inner sleeve comprises a first connecting end and a second connecting end, wherein the rod-setting groove of the first connecting end is used to accommodate a connecting rod, and the groove of the second connecting end is used to accommodate at least a portion of the head of a fixing screw; when the outer sleeve rotates in a locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, the biasing member can bias the side walls of the rod-setting groove and the groove inward, respectively squeezing the connecting rod and the head of the fixing screw, thereby independently clamping and fixing the connecting rod and the fixing screw. The present invention can independently clamp and fix the connecting rod and the locking screw in one operation, thereby improving the convenience of operation and the reliability of locking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a medical device for stabilizing and fixing bones and joints, in particular to a spinal locking system, and in particular to a pedicle screw system. Background Art

[0002] The spine is the human skeletal system that supports the human body and protects the spinal cord and nerves. The spine is a soft, movable and supportive structure composed of vertebrae and intervertebral discs located between them. Diseases and injuries of the spine can cause great harm to the human body, such as common vertebral fractures, scoliosis, kyphosis, excessive kyphosis, slippage, disc herniation, degenerative lesions and tumors. At present, adjacent stage or multi-stage vertebral fusion surgery using pedicle screws is the most widely used in clinical practice, while traditional pedicle screws on the market are all pressed into the connecting rod through the upper U-shaped opening, and the fixing bolts are screwed in to squeeze the connecting rod, and the connecting rod squeezes the pedicle screw to connect and fix the connecting rod and the pedicle screw, and then the pedicle screws on the adjacent vertebrae are connected through the connecting rod.

[0003] However, the current products have the defects of too long operation time for fixing the connecting rod, complicated loading and inconvenient operation of the fixing bolts, and excessive torque may also cause the fixing bolts to burst out and fail, and the torque may be transmitted to the vertebral body and cause the screws to loosen. In addition, there are also many problems such as cumbersome reduction and spacing adjustment process, and too high notch on the connecting rod.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the above problems, it is hoped to provide a product that can bring a better surgical experience to reduce or eliminate the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an orthopedic locking device, which includes a fixing screw, a connecting assembly and a connecting rod, wherein the connecting assembly is capable of fixing the connecting rod to the fixing screw, and the connecting assembly includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve includes a first connecting end and a second connecting end, the rod placement groove of the first connecting end is used to accommodate the connecting rod, and the groove of the second connecting end is used to accommodate at least a portion of the head of the fixing screw; the outer sleeve is provided with a receiving groove, the receiving groove can allow the rod portion of the fixing screw to pass through and keep at least a portion of the head of the fixing screw in the groove; at least a portion of the second connecting end is arranged in the receiving groove; the connecting assembly also includes a biasing member, when the outer sleeve rotates in a locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, the biasing member can bias the side walls of the rod placement groove and the groove inward, respectively squeeze the connecting rod and the head of the fixing screw, so as to achieve independent clamping and fixation of the connecting rod and the fixing screw.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting rod and the locking screw can be independently clamped and fixed in one operation, thereby improving the convenience of operation, avoiding the generation of interaction force between the connecting rod and the locking screw, and improving the reliability of locking.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the biasing member includes a first biasing member provided on the inner sleeve and a second biasing member provided on the outer sleeve.

[0009] According to another embodiment of the present invention, one of the first biasing member and the second biasing member includes a guiding portion, and the other includes a protruding portion corresponding to the guiding portion; when the outer sleeve rotates in a locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, the interaction between the guiding portion and the protruding portion can cause the side walls of the rod setting groove and the groove to be biased inward to squeeze the heads of the connecting rod and the fixing screw, respectively.

[0010] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first biasing member includes the guide portion, the guide portion includes a first guide portion arranged on the first connecting end and a second guide portion arranged on the second connecting end, and the upper edge of the track of the first guide portion and the lower edge of the track of the second guide portion respectively show a downward and upward trend along the locking direction; or, the first biasing member includes the protruding member, the protruding member includes a first protruding member arranged on the first connecting end and a second protruding member arranged on the second connecting end, and the lower edge of the track of the guide portion arranged on the outer sleeve that interacts with the first protruding member and the upper edge of the track of the guide portion that interacts with the second protruding member respectively show a downward and upward trend along the locking direction.

[0011] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first guide portion further includes a track lower edge, and the second guide portion further includes a track upper edge, and the track lower edge of the first guide portion and the track upper edge of the second guide portion respectively support the protrusion.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first guiding portion or the first protruding member is arranged closer to the free end of the rod placing groove relative to the bottom of the rod placing groove.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first biasing member is radially symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the inner sleeve.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the biasing member further includes an eccentric structure to achieve clamping and fixing of the connecting rod and / or the fixing screw.

[0015] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the eccentric structure includes a first protrusion arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve and a second protrusion matched with the first protrusion and arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve; the first protrusion has a first surface with a gradually increasing height along the locking direction, or the second protrusion has a first surface with a gradually decreasing height along the locking direction; when the outer sleeve rotates in the locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, the first protrusion or the second protrusion passes over the first surface, so that the side walls of the rod placement groove and / or the groove are biased inward to squeeze the heads of the connecting rod and / or the fixing screws respectively.

[0016] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first protrusion has a second surface with a decreasing height intersecting with the first surface along the locking direction, or the second protrusion has a second surface with an increasing height intersecting with the first surface along the locking direction; the second surface is provided with a step portion.

[0017] According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the first and second protrusions are located at the initial positions, the outer sleeve is provided with recesses at a position opposite to the first protrusion and the inner sleeve is provided with recesses at a position opposite to the second protrusion to accommodate the first protrusion and the second protrusion respectively.

[0018] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the inner sleeve is further provided with a supporting portion connecting the first connecting end and the second connecting end, and elastic portions are respectively provided at the connection points between the first connecting end, the second connecting end and the supporting portion.

[0019] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a T-shaped opening is provided between the supporting portion and the bottom of the rod placing groove to form the elastic portion between the first connecting end and the supporting portion.

[0020] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal side wall of the first guide portion and / or the second guide portion includes at least a portion of the elastic portion.

[0021] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the inner sleeve is further provided with a supporting portion connecting the first connecting end and the second connecting end, and a first guide member is provided on the supporting portion; a second guide member matching with the first guide member is provided on the inner side surface of the accommodating groove of the outer sleeve; when the locking device is used, the first guide member matches with the second guide member, so that the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can rotate relative to each other and prevent them from detaching from each other.

[0022] According to another embodiment of the present invention, one of the first guide member and the second guide member includes a third protrusion, and the other includes a longitudinal groove and a transverse groove, and the third protrusion enters the transverse groove under the guidance of the longitudinal groove and can move in the transverse groove.

[0023] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting end further includes a first limiting member, and the outer sleeve further includes a first engaging member, and the first limiting member and the first engaging member can engage with the locking system so that when the locking system is actuated, the outer sleeve is rotated and the inner sleeve is fixed, thereby locking or unlocking the connecting rod and the fixing screw.

[0024] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first engaging member comprises a groove or a notch, and a depression or a protrusion is arranged in the groove or the notch of the first engaging member.

[0025] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can independently clamp and fix the connecting rod and the fixing screw without substantially causing relative displacement in the axial direction of the connecting assembly.

[0026] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the head of the fixing screw includes a swing limiting member, which can cooperate with the receiving groove or the groove of the second connecting end to allow the fixing screw to rotate 360° around its axis in the groove.

[0027] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the fixing screw includes an annular groove with its axis as the axis, and the annular groove can cooperate with the protrusion radially symmetrically arranged on the accommodating groove or the second connecting end, and use the protrusion as a rotation support point to make the rod of the fixing screw swing and lock in a single plane.

[0028] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the single plane is a plane where the connecting rod and the shank of the fixing screw are located.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a locking system, which is applicable to the locking device to actuate the connecting assembly so that the outer sleeve rotates in a locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, thereby achieving independent clamping and fixation of the connecting rod and the fixing screw.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a locking system, which is applicable to the locking device to actuate the connecting assembly so that the outer sleeve rotates in an unlocking direction relative to the inner sleeve to unlock the connecting rod and the fixing screw.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a fixing screw which can be used in the locking device and has a head portion including a swing limiting member.

[0032] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the swing limiting member includes a columnar structure connected to the rod portion of the fixing screw.

[0033] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the columnar structure is circular or square.

[0034] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a fixing screw which can be used in the locking device, and the fixing screw includes an annular groove with its axis as the axis.

[0035] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the annular groove is arranged at the head of the fixing screw or at the connection between the head and the rod.

[0036] In the sixth aspect, the present invention provides a locking system suitable for an orthopedic locking device, the locking device comprising an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve comprising a first limiting member, the outer sleeve comprising a first coupling member, the locking system comprising a fixed member, a rotating member and an actuating assembly, the fixed member comprising a second limiting member, the second limiting member being engageable with the first limiting member; the rotating member comprising a second coupling member being engageable with the first coupling member; when in use, the actuating assembly can cause the rotating member to rotate relative to the fixed member, thereby driving the outer sleeve to rotate relative to the inner sleeve.

[0037] By adopting the locking system, the locking device can realize the locking or unlocking operation of the connecting rod and the fixing screw, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0038] According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the rotating member is sleeved outside the fixing member.

[0039] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system further comprises a telescopic member, and the telescopic member is movable between an initial position and a working position to expose or cover the second engaging member.

[0040] According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the telescopic member is sleeved outside the rotating member.

[0041] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system is provided with a rotation stopper to limit the relative rotation between the telescopic member and the rotating member.

[0042] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the rotation stop member includes a flange arranged on one of the inner wall of the telescopic member and the outer wall of the rotating member, and a longitudinal groove arranged on the other of the inner wall of the telescopic member and the outer wall of the rotating member, and the flange can move up and down in the longitudinal groove.

[0043] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the actuating assembly includes an actuating member and a pushing member, wherein the pushing member is connected to the rotating member, and the actuating member can push the pushing member to move toward the second engaging member so that the rotating member rotates relative to the fixing member.

[0044] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a cross bar is provided at one end of the pushing member, and the cross bar acts on a first track of the rotating member, and the first track can convert the axial movement of the cross bar into the rotational movement of the rotating member.

[0045] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the fixing member is provided with a longitudinal channel at the end away from the second limiting member, and the cross bar can move up and down in the longitudinal channel.

[0046] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the actuator includes a handle, a connecting rod and a supporting member, the handle is rotatably connected to the supporting member, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the handle, and the other end is connected to the other end of the pushing member, and the rotation of the handle can cause the connecting rod to push the pushing member toward the second coupling member, so that the rotating member rotates relative to the fixed member.

[0047] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the fixing member is fixedly connected to the supporting member.

[0048] According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the support member is sleeved outside the pushing member, and the handle can extend through the side wall of the support member.

[0049] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the cross bar interacts with a second track arranged on the telescopic member of the locking system; during the movement of the pushing member toward the second engaging member, the cross bar can move the telescopic member from an initial position to a working position to cover the second engaging member.

[0050] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the cross bar passes through the first track and interacts with the second track, and the first track and the second track have the same oblique extension trend; the longitudinal distance that the cross bar moves along the longitudinal trajectory line of the first track is the distance that the telescopic member moves from the initial position to the working position.

[0051] According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the telescopic member is in the initial position, the upper track line of the second track coincides with the upper track line of the first track; when the telescopic member is in the working position, the lower track line of the second track coincides with the lower track line of the first track.

[0052] According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the telescopic member is in the working position, the lower track line of the first track can convert the axial movement of the cross bar into the rotational movement of the rotating member relative to the fixed member.

[0053] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system further comprises a first elastic member, and the first elastic member can restore the telescopic member from the working position to the initial position.

[0054] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system further comprises a mounting portion, one end of the first elastic member is mounted on the mounting portion, and the other end of the first elastic member is mounted on the pushing member of the actuating assembly.

[0055] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the mounting portion is disposed on the fixing member, and when the telescopic member moves from an initial position to a working position, the first elastic member is compressed.

[0056] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system further comprises a telescopic limiting member to limit the telescopic member of the locking system from moving from an initial position in a direction away from the second engaging member.

[0057] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic limiting member includes a protrusion arranged on one of the inner wall of the supporting member and the outer wall of the telescopic member, and an annular groove with rectangular inner and outer contours arranged on the other; the longitudinal movement distance of the protrusion in the annular groove is the distance that the telescopic member moves from an initial position to a working position, and the lateral movement distance of the protrusion in the annular groove is the rotatable stroke of the rotating member relative to the fixed member.

[0058] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system further comprises a second elastic member, one end of which is mounted on the supporting member, and when the telescopic member of the locking system is in the working position, the other end of the second elastic member acts on the telescopic member and is compressed by the telescopic member.

[0059] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system comprises an axial limiter to prevent the rotating member from making an axial movement relative to the fixed member.

[0060] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the actuating assembly comprises a first handle connected to the fixed member, and the first handle can extend through a side wall of the rotating member.

[0061] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a first side opening is provided on the side wall of the rotating member, the first handle is arranged through the first side opening, and the rotatable stroke of the first handle in the first side opening is not less than the rotatable stroke of the rotating member relative to the fixed member.

[0062] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a longitudinal dimension of the first side opening is the same as a longitudinal dimension of a corresponding portion of the first handle located in the first side opening, so as to limit axial relative movement between the fixing member and the rotating member.

[0063] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic part of the locking system is provided with a second side opening, the first handle passes through the second side opening, and the rotational stroke of the first handle in the first side opening and the second side opening is the rotational stroke of the rotating part relative to the fixed part.

[0064] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the actuating assembly further comprises a second handle connected to the rotating member, the second handle passing through a third side opening of the telescopic member; in an initial position of the telescopic member, at least one of the first handle and the second handle abuts against a lower edge of the side opening of the telescopic member corresponding thereto; in a working position of the telescopic member, at least one of the first handle and the second handle abuts against an upper edge of the side opening of the telescopic member corresponding thereto.

[0065] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the transverse opening dimension of the third side opening is the same as the transverse dimension of the corresponding portion of the second handle located in the third side opening, so as to limit the circumferential rotational movement of the telescopic member relative to the rotating member.

[0066] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the locking system further comprises a rotating member, and the telescopic member is provided with a conversion mechanism at one end away from the second engaging member, and the conversion mechanism can convert the rotational motion of the rotating member into the axial movement of the telescopic member.

[0067] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the rotating member is rotatably fixed on the rotating member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the connecting rod being locked and connected with the fixing screw through the connecting assembly

[0069] Figure 2 Top view of the fixing screw and the connecting component when locked

[0070] Figure 3 For along Figure 2 AA section view

[0071] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of multi-plane fixation screws

[0072] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a housing for a connection assembly for connecting multi-plane / 360° fixing screws

[0073] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the inner sleeve of the connection component for connecting the fixing screw

[0074] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the connecting rod when it is locked and connected with the single-plane fixing screw through the connecting component

[0075] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a single plane fixing screw

[0076] Fig. 9 Cross-sectional view of the 360° fixing screw and the connecting component when locked

[0077] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of 360° fixing screws

[0078] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the inner sleeve of the second embodiment of the connecting assembly for connecting the fixing screw

[0079] Fig.12 A cross-sectional view of an inner sleeve of a second embodiment of a connecting assembly

[0080] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a jacket of a second embodiment of a connecting assembly

[0081] Fig.14 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a connecting rod locked and connected with a fixing screw through a second embodiment of a connecting assembly

[0082] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the position relationship between the first biasing member and the second biasing member during the locking process

[0083] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the working position of the locking tool

[0084] Fig.17 Cross-sectional view of the locking tool in working position

[0085] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the state of connecting the screw to the locking tool

[0086] Fig.19 Partial schematic diagram of the screw for connecting the locking tool

[0087] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the distal state of the locking tool during the process of connecting the screw

[0088] Fig.21 Schematic diagram of the positions of the fixing part, rotating part, telescopic part and actuating assembly of the locking tool during the process of locking the fixing screw

[0089] Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of the positions of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the connecting component during the locking process

[0090] Fig.23 A partial schematic diagram of the relative positions of the wedge-shaped protrusions after the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the connection assembly are locked

[0091] Fig.24 Schematic diagram of the positions of the fixed part, rotating part, telescopic part and actuating assembly of the locking tool during the process of releasing the connection between the locking tool and the connecting assembly

[0092] Fig.25 Schematic diagram of the initial position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

[0093] Fig.26 A cross-sectional view of the initial position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

[0094] Fig. 27 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the fixed part, the rotating part, and the telescopic part in the initial position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

[0095] Fig.28 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the fixed part, the rotating part, and the telescopic part in the working position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

[0096] Fig.29 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the fixed part, the rotating part, and the telescopic part in the locking position of the second embodiment of the locking tool

[0097] Fig.30 Schematic diagram of the position of the second embodiment of the locking tool during the process of releasing the connection with the connecting component

[0098] Fig.31 A cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship among the fixed part, the rotating part and the telescopic part in the initial position of the second embodiment of the unlocking tool

[0099] Fig.32 A cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship among the fixed part, the rotating part and the telescopic part in the initial position of the second embodiment of the unlocking tool

[0100] Fig.33 A cross-sectional diagram showing the positional relationship among the fixed part, the rotating part, and the telescopic part in the unlocking position of the second embodiment of the unlocking tool DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0101] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention will be introduced in conjunction with the preferred embodiment, this does not mean that the features of this invention are limited to this implementation. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the invention in conjunction with the implementation is to cover other options or modifications that may extend based on the claims of the present invention. In order to provide a deep understanding of the present invention, the following description will include many specific details. The present invention can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of the present invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0102] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0103] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "inside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the invention product is usually placed when in use, which are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention. "Including" and / or "having" used in the specification means that the components, steps, operations and / or elements do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other components, steps, operations and / or elements.

[0104] The terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0105] In the description of this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0106] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0107] Figure 1 A locking device is shown, which includes a fixing screw 1, a connecting assembly and a connecting rod 9, wherein the connecting assembly can fix the connecting rod 9 to the fixing screw 1. The connecting assembly includes an outer sleeve 4 and an inner sleeve 6, wherein the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a receiving groove, and at least a portion of the inner sleeve 6 is disposed in the receiving groove. The inner sleeve 6 includes a first connecting end 28 having a rod receiving groove 38 and a second connecting end 29 having a groove 40, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown. The rod placement groove 38 is used to accommodate and fix the connecting rod 9. Preferably, the rod placement groove 38 is a profile groove, but is not limited thereto, as long as the size and structure of the rod placement groove 38 allow the connecting rod 9 to be placed horizontally on the first connecting end 28 of the inner sleeve 6. The rod placement groove 38 is provided with at least one abutment surface 74. When the connecting rod 9 is locked in the rod placement groove 38, the abutment surface 74 abuts against the connecting rod 9 placed in the rod placement groove 38, so that the first connecting end 28 and the connecting rod 9 are relatively locked. The groove 40 is used to accommodate and fix the head 30 of the fixing screw 1. Preferably, it has a surface structure complementary to the roughly spherical shape of the head of the fixing screw 1, so that the head 30 of the fixing screw 1 can be rotatably connected in the groove 40. The accommodating groove is provided with a through hole 75 through which the rod portion 33 of the fixing screw 1 can pass, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, when the fixing screw 1 is assembled with the connecting assembly, the rod 33 passes through the through hole 75, and the head 30 of the fixing screw 1 is pressed against the inner sleeve 6 by the outer sleeve 4, so that the head is locked and fixed relative to the second connecting end 29. Preferably, the size of the mouth of the lower part of the groove 40 can limit the head 30 of the fixing screw 1 from being separated from the groove 40. Optionally, the structure for limiting the head 30 of the fixing screw 1 from being separated from the groove 40 can be jointly formed by the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 and the lower mouth of the groove 40. The head 30 of the fixing screw 1 is provided with a driving structure 34 capable of engaging a screwdriver, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown in , 9, the driving structure 34 may be a notch, and the fixing screw 1 may be fixed to or detached from the bone tissue by rotating an operating tool (such as a screwdriver) engaged with the notch. Preferably, the notch is a hexagonal notch, a pentagonal notch, etc. Alternatively, the driving structure may be a boss that can be engaged with the notch of the operating tool, and the fixing screw 1 may be fixed to or detached from the bone tissue by rotating the operating tool. Preferably, the boss is a hexagonal boss or a pentagonal boss, etc. However, the form of the driving structure for fixing the fixing screw 1 to the bone tissue is not limited thereto. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, as long as the operating tool can be engaged to fix the fixing screw 1 to or detach from the bone tissue, it is sufficient. Optionally, the bone tissue is a vertebral body.

[0108] Furthermore, the connection assembly is provided with a biasing member, under the action of the biasing member, the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 can realize the independent clamping and fixing of the connection rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 by relative rotation. In this way, the independent clamping and fixing of the connection rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 can be realized in one operation, which improves the convenience of operation, and can also avoid the generation of interaction force between the connection rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, thereby improving the reliability of locking. Preferably, the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 can realize the independent clamping and fixing of the connection rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 without generating relative displacement in the axial direction of the connection assembly.

[0109] Specifically, the biasing member includes a first biasing member provided on the inner sleeve 6 and a second biasing member provided on the outer sleeve 4. Preferably, the first biasing member includes a guide portion, and the guide portion includes a first guide portion 26 provided on the first connecting end 28 and a second guide portion 27 provided on the second connecting end 29. The upper edge of the track of the first guide portion 26 and the lower edge of the track of the second guide portion 27 are respectively decreasing and increasing along the rotation locking direction of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6. See Figure 6 , 15 a, 15b. Accordingly, the second biasing member comprises a protruding member 7 disposed on the outer sleeve 4, such as Fig.15As shown in Figs. 15a and 15b, during the rotational locking process of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6, the protruding member 7 moves along the upper edge of the track of the first guide portion 26 and the lower edge of the track of the second guide portion 27, causing the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 to deflect inward, respectively squeezing the connecting rod 9 and the head 30 of the fixing screw 1, so as to achieve the relative independent fixation of the two. Preferably, the transverse dimensions of the tracks of the first and second guide portions 26 and 27 limit the rotation angle of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6; more preferably, the first guide portion 26 and the second guide portion 27 have tracks with gradually smaller openings in the rotational locking direction of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6. The protruding member 7 moves from the track portion with a larger opening to the track portion with a smaller opening size in the tracks of the first and second guide portions 26 and 27, so as to expand the track opening, causing the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 to deflect inward, respectively squeezing the connecting rod 9 and the head of the fixing screw 1, so as to achieve the relative independent fixation of the two. The radial dimension of the protruding member 7 is preferably adapted to the opening dimension of the track portion with a larger opening, but smaller than the opening dimension of the track portion with a smaller opening dimension. When the outer sleeve 4 rotates in the locking direction relative to the inner sleeve 6, the track lower edge of the first guide portion 26 and the track upper edge of the second guide portion 27 can support the protruding member 7 to prevent the track upper edge of the first guide portion 26 and the track lower edge of the second guide portion 27 from deflecting the protruding member 7. Preferably, the track lower edge of the first guide portion 26 and the track upper edge of the second guide portion 27 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the connecting assembly. Alternatively, the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 has a U-shaped opening that allows the connecting rod to pass horizontally, and the rotation angle of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6 can be limited by the opening dimension of the U-shaped opening of the receiving groove. More preferably, the first and second guide portions 26 and 27 are respectively arranged radially symmetrically on the side walls of the inner sleeve 6.

[0110] The protruding member 7 can be formed integrally with the outer sleeve 4, or can be provided as an independent component. When the protruding member 7 is an independent component, an opening 35 is provided on the outer sleeve 4, and the protruding member 7 is fixed in the opening 35 in the form of a pin, and passes through the opening 35 and protrudes into the receiving groove, such as Figure 5 , 13 However, the protrusion is not limited thereto, and it may also be a step formed on the inner surface of the outer sleeve 4, as long as it can interact with the guide portion to cause the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 to deflect inward, respectively squeezing the connecting rod 9 and the head of the fixing screw 1 to achieve relative independent fixation of the two.

[0111] The inner sleeve 6 is also provided with a support portion 71 connecting the first connection end 28 and the second connection end 29. In order to reduce the inward bias force of the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40, preferably, the connection between the first connection end 28 and the second connection end 29 and the support portion 71 is respectively provided with elastic portions 72 and 73, and the elastic portions 72 and 73 have a reduced thickness, such as formed by providing a groove 55 (such as Fig.11 , 12), and / or a T-shaped opening 78 is provided between the support portion 71 and the bottom of the rod placement groove 38 (as shown in Figure 6 , 11 , 12). The T-shaped opening 78 can provide the elastic parts 72 and 73 with reduced thickness and improved elasticity, and can also ensure that the bottom of the rod-setting groove 38 has sufficient supporting surface to support the connecting rod 9. More preferably, the elastic parts 72 and 73 are respectively formed as longitudinal side walls of the first guide part 26 and the second guide part 27, and the lower edge of the track of the first guide part 26 and the upper edge of the track of the second guide part 27 are located on both sides of the supporting part 71, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 , 15 Optionally, the first guide portion 26 is arranged closer to the free end of the rod placement groove 38 relative to the bottom of the rod placement groove 38, wherein the bottom of the rod placement groove 38 is the part that can support the connecting rod 9 and is farthest from the free end, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 , 12 , 14, so that the first guide portion 26 can reliably lock the free end of the rod placement groove 38 with the connecting rod 9 under the action of the protrusion 7, and correspondingly, the outer sleeve 4 is as shown in Fig.13 As shown, the protrusion 7 is arranged accordingly according to the first and second guide portions 26 and 27. Preferably, when the connecting rod 9 is placed in the rod placement groove 38, it is located below the plane where the free end of the rod placement groove 38 is located. Figure 7 , 14 , 15a, 15b, prevent the connecting rod 9 from protruding from the rod placement groove 38 to reduce the notch; at the same time, ensure that the free end of the rod placement groove 38 reliably squeezes the connecting rod 9 to prevent the connecting rod 9 from escaping from the rod placement groove 38.

[0112] Alternatively, the guide portion and the protrusion may be interchangeable. In this embodiment, the lower edge of the track of the first guide portion corresponding to the protrusion of the first connecting end 28 and the upper edge of the track of the second guide portion corresponding to the protrusion of the second connecting end 29 on the outer sleeve 4 respectively show a downward and upward trend along the rotational locking direction of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6. When the outer sleeve 4 rotates in the locking direction relative to the inner sleeve 6, the lower edge of the track of the first guide portion and the upper edge of the track of the second guide portion respectively push the protrusion, so that the side wall where the protrusion is located radially squeezes the connecting rod 9 and the head 30 of the fixing screw 1 inward, thereby allowing the connecting assembly to lock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1.

[0113] Optionally, the biasing member further includes an eccentric structure, or the guide portion is replaced by the eccentric structure to achieve clamping and fixing of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Figure 5 , 6As shown, the eccentric structure includes a protrusion 24 arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve 6 and a protrusion 25 arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve 4 in cooperation with the protrusion 24. The protrusion 24 includes a first surface 76 whose height gradually increases along the rotation locking direction of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6. When the connecting assembly clamps and fixes the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, the protrusion 25 passes over the first surface 76 to cause the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and / or the groove 40 to deflect inward, respectively squeezing the connecting rod 9 and / or the head 30 of the fixing screw 1 to achieve relative fixation of the two. Preferably, the protrusion 24 also includes a second surface 77 whose height increases against the rotation locking direction, and the first surface 76 intersects with the second surface 77; more preferably, the inclination of the second surface 77 is greater than the inclination of the first surface 76, so that when the protrusion 25 passes over the first surface 76, the protrusion 25 can stay on the second surface 77 to prevent the protrusion 25 from sliding over the first surface 76 without the action of external force, so as to avoid the loosening of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Preferably, the first surface 76 and / or the second surface 77 are cambered surfaces. More preferably, the second surface 77 is provided with a step portion at the position of the protrusion 25 to limit the locking position of the protrusion 25, maintain the radial bias force, and make the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 in a locked state. More preferably, the protrusion 24 is radially symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve 6, and the protrusion 25 is radially symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve 4. More preferably, when the protrusions 24 and 25 are located in the initial position, the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a recess at a position opposite to the protrusion 24, and the inner sleeve 6 is provided with a recess at a position opposite to the protrusion 25, respectively, to accommodate the protrusions 24 and 25, respectively, so as to provide a larger bias space for the rod placement groove 38 when accommodating the connecting rod 9. Conversely, the protrusion 24 can also be arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve 4, and the protrusion 25 can be arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve 6, so as to achieve the clamping and fixing of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1.

[0114] Preferably, the support portion 71 is provided with a first guide member 39, such as Figure 5 , 6 As shown, a second guide member matching with the first guide member 39 is provided on the inner side of the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4. When the inner sleeve 6 is assembled with the outer sleeve 4, the first guide member 39 matches with the second guide member, and the inner sleeve 6 and the outer sleeve 4 can rotate relative to each other and can prevent each other from being separated. Preferably, the first guide member 39 is a protrusion, and the second guide member includes a longitudinal groove 37 and a transverse groove 36. The protrusion 39 enters the transverse groove 36 under the guidance of the longitudinal groove 37 and can move in the transverse groove 36. More preferably, the first guide member 39 and the second guide member are symmetrically arranged.

[0115] Furthermore, an operation channel 79 is also provided at the bottom of the rod placement slot 38. Figure 6 As shown, the operating channel 79 allows an operating tool to be engaged with the driving structure of the head of the fixing screw 1 to fix the fixing screw 1 to the bone tissue or to release it from the bone tissue.

[0116] Preferably, a first limiting member 48 is provided on the first connecting end 28, such as Figure 6 As shown, the limiting member 48 can engage with the locking tool 100 to prevent the inner sleeve 6 from rotating during the process of the outer sleeve 4 rotating to lock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, and to prevent the torque from being transmitted to the fixing screw 1 and causing it to loosen from the bone tissue. Preferably, at least two limiting members 48 are provided at the top of the rod placement slot 38, preferably radially symmetrically arranged, and may include structures such as notches or grooves, but are not limited thereto, as long as they can engage with the locking tool 100 to limit the rotation of the inner sleeve 6, such as including protrusions.

[0117] Preferably, the outer sleeve 4 is provided with a first engaging member 44, such as Figure 5 As shown, it can engage with the locking tool 100, so that under the actuation of the locking tool 100, the outer sleeve 4 is caused to rotate, so as to lock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Preferably, at least two engaging members 44 are provided at the top of the outer sleeve 4, preferably radially symmetrically arranged, and may include grooves or notches. More preferably, a depression 46 is provided in the groove or notch to enhance the engagement force between the locking tool 100 and the engaging member 44, and to prevent the locking tool 100 from being separated from the notch 44 during the rotation of the outer sleeve 4. The structure of the engaging member 44 may also include a protrusion, a protrusion with a boss, etc., but is not limited thereto, as long as it can engage with the locking tool 100 to drive the rotation of the outer sleeve 4.

[0118] During the use of the locking device, the fixing screw 1, the connecting assembly and the connecting rod 9 can be assembled first. The specific assembly method can be as follows: the fixing screw 1 passes through the through hole 75 of the outer sleeve 4, and the head of the fixing screw 1 is limited in the receiving groove; then the second connecting end 29 of the inner sleeve 6 is placed in the receiving groove, and the head of the fixing screw 1 is accommodated in the groove 40 of the second connecting end 29, and the first biasing member on the inner sleeve 6 and the second biasing member on the outer sleeve 4 cooperate with each other. Preferably, the first guide member 39 and the second guide member matched therewith can limit the inner sleeve 6 and the outer sleeve 4 to be separated from each other, but it is not necessary. During the implantation of the fixing screw 1, the operating tool can be engaged with the driving structure of the head of the fixing screw 1 through the operating channel 79 on the inner sleeve 6 to fix the fixing screw 1 to the bone tissue. After the fixing screw 1 is implanted, the positional relationship between the connecting assembly and the fixing screw 1 is adjusted. When the connecting rod 9 is inserted into the rod placement groove 38, the outer sleeve 4 can rotate relative to the inner sleeve 6, and under the action of the first biasing member and the second biasing member, the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 are biased inward, respectively squeezing the heads of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, so as to achieve relative independent fixation of the two. Preferably, when the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 are locked, the protrusion 25 slides over the protrusion 24 and makes a click sound.

[0119] The connection assembly can be adapted to different types of fixing screws, such as multi-plane fixing screws (such as Figure 4 As shown), 360° fixing screws (as shown Fig.10 as shown) or single plane set screws (as Figure 8 The multi-plane fixing screw, 360° fixing screw, and single-plane fixing screw have similar overall structures, and are all composed of a head and a rod. The head 30 of the multi-plane fixing screw is preferably spherical, and a reduced neck is provided between the head 30 and the rod 33 to expand the range of motion of the fixing screw, such as Figure 3 , 4 When the connection assembly is adapted for a multi-plane fixing screw, the head 30 of the multi-plane fixing screw can swing and lock in the conical region of the rod 33 with the center line as the axis in the receiving groove 40 and the outer sleeve 4 .

[0120] The 360° fixing screw is provided with a swing limiting member 53 on the head 32, such as Fig. 9 , 10 As shown, the limiting member 53 can cooperate with the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 or the groove 40 of the second connecting end 29 to limit the swing of the rod 33. Taking the cooperation of the limiting member 53 with the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4 as an example, the limiting member 53 can be a columnar structure connected to the rod 33, and the cross section of the columnar structure can be circular or square, etc., which can cooperate with the inner wall of the through hole 75 of the outer sleeve 4, such as the size is adapted, to limit the swing of the rod 33 and realize the axial rotation of the rod 33. The head 32 of the 360° fixing screw is preferably spherical, but not limited to this, and can also be a combination of upper and lower cones, or a combination of a cone and a hemisphere, as long as the 360° rotation of the screw can be realized.

[0121] The single plane fixing screw is provided with an annular groove 42 on the head 31 with the axis of the fixing screw as the axis. Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the annular groove 42 can cooperate with the protrusion 8 radially symmetrically arranged on the receiving groove of the outer sleeve 4, and the protrusion 8 is used as the rotation support point to realize the swing and locking of the rod 33 in a single plane. Preferably, the single plane is the plane where the connecting rod 9 and the rod 33 are located. At the same time, the annular groove 42 can also ensure that the rod 33 of the fixing screw is rotated and fixed to the bone tissue and the direction of the rod groove 38 is adjusted. Preferably, the protrusion 8 cooperates with the annular groove 42 by inserting the opening arranged on the outer sleeve 4. More preferably, the head 31 is spherical, and the groove 42 is arranged on the spherical head 31 with the center of the sphere as the center. Alternatively, the annular groove 4 can also be arranged at the connection between the rod 33 and the head 31, as long as it can cooperate with the protrusion 8 and ensure that the rod 33 swings and locks in a single plane; preferably, the groove 40 of the inner sleeve 6 is provided with a depression on the single plane that allows the head 31 to swing and lock in the single plane. Alternatively, the protrusion 8 can also be arranged radially symmetrically on the second connecting end 29 of the inner sleeve 6. The locking system of the present invention comprises a locking tool 100, such as Figure 16-21 As shown in , 24 , it includes a fixed member 13 , a rotating member 14 and an actuating assembly, and the actuating assembly can make the rotating member 14 rotate relative to the fixed member 13 .

[0122] The end of the fixing member 13 includes a second limiting member 47 that can be engaged with the first limiting member 48 to prevent the inner sleeve 6 from rotating during the process of the outer sleeve 4 rotating to lock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Preferably, one of the first limiting member 48 and the second limiting member 47 includes a groove or a notch, and the other includes a protrusion that fits the groove or the notch.

[0123] The end of the rotating member 14 includes a second engaging member 43 that can engage with the first engaging member 44, so as to drive the outer sleeve 4 to rotate relative to the inner sleeve 6 during the process of the outer sleeve 4 rotating to lock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Preferably, the rotating member 14 is a sleeve sleeved on the outside of the fixing member 13. More preferably, one of the first engaging member 44 and the second engaging member 43 includes a groove or a notch, more preferably, a depression is provided in the groove or the notch, and the other includes a protrusion adapted to the groove or the notch, more preferably, a protrusion adapted to the depression is provided on the protrusion, so as to enhance the engagement force of the first engaging member 44 and the second engaging member 43.

[0124] Preferably, the locking tool 100 further includes an axial stopper for preventing the rotating member 14 from making an axial movement relative to the fixed member 13 away from the second limiter 47. Preferably, the axial stopper includes a recess 131 located on the surface of the fixed member 13, and a protrusion 141 matching the recess 131 is provided on the rotating member 14. The top and bottom surfaces of the recess 131 can limit the up and down movement of the protrusion 141, thereby preventing the rotating member 14 from making an axial movement relative to the fixed member 13. The stopper for preventing the rotating member 14 from making an axial movement relative to the fixed member 13 is not limited thereto, as long as it can limit the axial movement of the rotating member 14 relative to the fixed member 13 away from the second limiter 47.

[0125] Furthermore, the locking tool 100 further includes a telescopic member 15, which can move between an initial position and a working position to expose or cover the second engaging member 43. In the initial position, the telescopic member 15 exposes the second engaging member 43 to facilitate the engagement of the second engaging member 43 with the first engaging member 44. Fig.19 , 20 a, 20b; in the working position, the telescopic member 15 covers the second engagement member 43 to maintain the engagement of the second engagement member 43 with the first engagement member 44, preventing the second engagement member 43 from disengaging from the first engagement member 44 during the rotation of the outer sleeve 4 relative to the inner sleeve 6, as shown Fig.18Preferably, the telescopic member 15 is a sleeve sleeved on the rotating member 14. Optionally, the second engaging member 43 expands radially outward in the initial position, as shown in Figures 19, 20a, and 20b, so that when the telescopic member 15 returns from the working position to the initial position to disengage the locking tool 100 from the connecting assembly, the second engaging member 43 is easily disengaged from the first engaging member 44.

[0126] The locking tool 100 is provided with a rotation stopper to limit the relative rotation of the telescopic member 15 and the rotating member 14. Preferably, the rotation stopper includes a flange provided on one of the inner wall of the telescopic member 15 and the outer wall of the rotating member 14, and a longitudinal groove provided on the other of the inner wall of the telescopic member 15 and the outer wall of the rotating member 14, wherein the flange can move up and down in the longitudinal groove. More preferably, the longitudinal groove 54 is provided at the end of the telescopic member 15, such as Fig. 20 As shown in c.

[0127] The actuating assembly of the locking tool 100 includes an actuating member and a pushing member 12, wherein the pushing member 12 is connected to the rotating member 14, and the actuating member can push the pushing member 12 to move toward the second engaging member 43, so that the rotating member 14 rotates relative to the fixed member 13. A cross bar 16 is disposed at one end of the pushing member 12, and the cross bar 16 can act on the first track 51 of the rotating member 14, and the first track 51 can convert the axial movement of the cross bar 16 into the rotational movement of the rotating member 14.

[0128] Further, the actuator includes a handle 10, a connecting rod 11 and a support member 17, the handle 10 is rotatably connected to the support member 17, one end of the connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected to the handle 10, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the sliding member 12. Preferably, a longitudinal channel is provided at the end of the fixing member 13 away from the limiting member 47, and the cross bar 16 can move up and down in the longitudinal channel.

[0129] The rotation of the handle 10 can move the pusher 12 toward the second engaging member 43, so that the rotating member 14 rotates relative to the fixing member 13, and then the outer sleeve 4 rotates relative to the inner sleeve 6. The fixing member 13 is fixedly connected to the support member 17. Preferably, the support member 17 is a sleeve structure, and the fixing member 13 and the support member 17 are fixed by threads. More preferably, a top cover 23 is provided at the end of the support member 17. Fig.16 , 17 As shown, the side wall of the support member 17 is provided with a side hole for the handle 10 to extend out.

[0130] Furthermore, the cross bar 16 crosses the first track 51 provided on the rotating member 14 and the second track 50 provided on the telescopic member 15. The starting point and the end point of the second track 50 are arranged obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the locking tool 100. The distance moved by the cross bar 16 from the starting point to the end point of the second track 50 corresponds to the distance moved by the outer cover 4 from the initial position (see Fig. 22a) Turn to the locking position where the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 are locked by the connecting assembly (see Fig. 22 b), the width W of the second track 50 matches the radial dimension of the crossbar 16, such as Fig.21 a. The shape of the second track 50 is preferably linear or arc-shaped. The first track 51 has the same oblique extension trend as the second track 50, except that the longitudinal distance L that the crossbar 16 moves along the left longitudinal track line 513 of the upper track line 511 and the lower track line 512 of the first track 51 is the distance that the telescopic member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position. When the telescopic member 15 is in the initial position, the upper track line 501 of the second track 50 coincides with the upper track line 511 of the first track 51, see Fig.21 a; when the telescopic member 15 is in the working position, the lower track line 502 of the second track 50 coincides with the lower track line 512 of the first track 51, see Fig.21 As shown in b.

[0131] When the locking tool 100 is used, Figure 17-23 As shown, the second limiting member 47 of the fixing member 13 is engaged with the first limiting member 48 to fix the inner sleeve 6; the second engaging member 43 of the rotating member 14 is engaged with the first engaging member 44 or is opposite to the first engaging member 44; the handle 10 is moved toward the supporting member 17 to push the pushing member 12, and the cross bar 16 pushes the telescopic member 15 along the longitudinal track line 513 from the initial position to the working position, that is, the second track 50 is moved from the position where the upper track line 501 coincides with the upper track line 511 of the first track 51 to the position where the lower track line 502 coincides with the lower track line 512 of the first track 51, as shown in FIG. Fig.21 As shown in FIG. 2 b, the telescopic member 15 covers the second engaging member 43 to ensure the engagement of the second engaging member 43 with the first engaging member 44; as the pushing member 12 continues to be pushed, the cross bar 16 continues to push the telescopic member 15. Due to the obstruction of the lower trajectory line 512, the telescopic member 15 no longer moves downward. When the cross bar 16 can only move axially, under the action of the oblique trajectory lines of the first track 51 and the second track 50, the axial movement of the cross bar 16 is converted into a radial rotation of the rotating member 14 and the telescopic member 15 relative to the fixed member 13, that is, the rotating member 14 and the telescopic member 15 rotate clockwise, so that the outer sleeve 4 rotates relative to the inner sleeve 6 toward the locking position of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, until the side walls of the rod placement groove 38 and the groove 40 are biased inward, respectively squeezing the heads of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, so as to achieve relative independent fixation of the two.

[0132] Furthermore, the locking tool 100 also includes a first elastic member 18, and the elastic member 18 is preferably a spring. The elastic member 18 can return the telescopic member 15 to the initial position. The sliding member 12 includes a first mounting portion 121, and the locking tool 100 includes a second mounting portion. The two ends of the elastic member 18 are respectively placed on the first mounting portion 121 and the second mounting portion. When the telescopic member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position, the elastic member 18 is stretched, and the second mounting portion is arranged away from the cross bar 16 relative to the first mounting portion 121. Then, when the handle 100 is released, the elastic member 18 pulls back the pushing member 12, and the cross bar 16 drives the telescopic member 15 to move to the initial position along the right longitudinal track line 514 of the first track 51, as shown in FIG. Fig.24 As shown, at this time, the second engaging member 43 is exposed. Preferably, the second engaging member 43 expands radially outward, so that the locking tool 100 can be disengaged from the locking device; when the upper trajectory line 501 coincides with the upper trajectory line 511, the elastic member 18 continues to pull back, and under the action of the oblique trajectory lines of the first track 51 and the second track 50, the axial movement of the cross bar 16 is converted into a radial rotation of the rotating member 14 and the telescopic member 15 relative to the fixed member 13, prompting the telescopic member 15 to return to the initial position.

[0133] Alternatively, the second mounting portion may be arranged relative to the first mounting portion 121 and close to the cross bar 16. Preferably, the second mounting portion is arranged on the fixing member 13. More preferably, the second mounting portion 132 is a flange arranged on the fixing member 13. Based on this, when the telescopic member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position, the elastic member 18 is compressed. When the handle 100 is released, the elastic member 18 bounces off the sliding member 12, and finally the telescopic member 15 returns to the initial position.

[0134] Preferably, the locking tool 100 includes a telescopic limiting member to limit the telescopic member 15 from moving from the initial position in a direction away from the second engaging member 43 . The telescopic limiting member may be a step portion 142 provided on the rotating member 14 , or a connecting portion between the fixing member 13 and the supporting member 17 .

[0135] Alternatively, the telescopic limiting member includes a protrusion provided on one of the inner wall of the support member 17 and the outer wall of the telescopic member 15 and an annular groove with a rectangular inner and outer contour provided on the other. Taking the example that the protrusion 171 is provided on the inner wall of the support member 17 and the annular groove 151 is provided on the outer wall of the telescopic member 15, when the telescopic member 15 is in the initial position, as shown in FIG. Fig.21 As shown in FIG. 1 , the protrusion 171 is located at the lower left corner of the annular groove 151; as the telescopic member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position, the protrusion 171 moves vertically upward from the lower left corner of the annular groove 151, and when the telescopic member 15 moves from the initial position to the working position, the protrusion 171 moves to the upper left corner of the annular groove 151, as shown in FIG. Fig.21b, and at the same time defines the lower limit of the longitudinal movement of the telescopic member 15; when the telescopic member 15 rotates along with the rotating member 14 to the locking position of the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, the protrusion 171 rotates from the upper left corner of the annular groove 151 to the upper right corner, as shown in FIG. Fig.21 When the handle 100 is released, the elastic member 18 causes the telescopic member 15 to move longitudinally, the protrusion 171 rotates from the upper right corner of the annular groove 151 to the lower right corner, as shown in FIG. Fig.24 As shown, the upper limit of the longitudinal movement of the telescopic member 15 is defined at the same time; when the telescopic member 15 rotates to the initial position under the action of the elastic member 18, the protrusion 171 rotates from the lower right corner of the annular groove 151 to the lower left corner.

[0136] Further, the locking tool 100 includes a second elastic member 19, which is preferably a spring, one end of which is mounted on the support member 17. When the telescopic member 15 is in the working position, the other end of the elastic member 19 acts on the elastic action portion 152 of the telescopic member 15 and is compressed by the elastic action portion 152. Preferably, the elastic action portion 152 is a step portion arranged on the outer wall of the telescopic member 15. When the handle is released, the elastic member 19 can assist the telescopic member 15 to return to the initial position. More preferably, when the telescopic member 15 is in the initial position, the other end of the elastic member 19 is disengaged from the elastic action portion 152.

[0137] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 25-29 As shown in FIG. 2 , the locking tool 200 includes a fixed member 59 having a second limiting member 64, a rotating member 58 having a second engaging member 63, and an actuating assembly capable of rotating the rotating member 58 relative to the fixed member 59. The second limiting member 64 is engaged with the first limiting member 48, and the second engaging member 63 is engaged with the first engaging member 44. The second limiting member 64 has the same structure as the second limiting member 47, and the second engaging member 63 has the same structure as the second engaging member 43. The actuating assembly includes handles 60 and 61, the handle 60 is connected to the side wall of the fixed member 59, and the handle 61 is connected to the side wall of the rotating member 58. Preferably, a first side opening 67 is provided on the side wall of the rotating member 58, and the handle 60 is arranged through the side opening 67. The rotation stroke of the handle 60 in the side opening 67 can ensure that the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9. Preferably, the longitudinal dimension of the side opening 67 is the same as the longitudinal dimension of the corresponding part of the handle 60 located in the side opening 67, so as to limit the axial relative movement of the fixed member 59 and the rotating member 58. More preferably, the rotating member 58 is a sleeve sleeved outside the fixing member 59 .

[0138] Further, the locking tool 200 further comprises a telescopic member 57, which can move between an initial position and a working position to expose or cover the second engaging member 63 engaging with the first engaging member 44. The telescopic member 57 is preferably a sleeve sleeved on the rotating member 58. More preferably, the telescopic member 57 is provided with a second side opening 65 and a third side opening 66, wherein the handle 60 is provided through the side opening 65, and the rotation stroke of the handle 60 in the side opening 65 can ensure that the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9, but is not limited thereto, as long as the rotation stroke of the handle 60 in the side openings 65 and 67 can ensure that the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9. The handle 61 is provided through the side opening 66, and preferably, the lateral opening size of the side opening 66 is the same as the lateral size of the corresponding part of the handle 61 located in the side opening 66, so as to limit the circumferential rotational movement of the telescopic member 57 relative to the rotating member 58. More preferably, in the initial position of the telescopic member 57, at least one of the handles 60, 61 abuts against the lower edge of the side opening of the corresponding telescopic member 57; in the working position of the telescopic member 57, at least one of the handles 60, 61 abuts against the upper edge of the side opening of the corresponding telescopic member 57.

[0139] Furthermore, if Fig.26 As shown, a conversion mechanism that can convert rotational motion into axial motion is provided at one end of the telescopic member 57 away from the engaging member 63, and the conversion mechanism may include an oblique groove or notch, and the rotating member of the locking tool 200 includes a crossbar located in the oblique groove or notch of the conversion mechanism. Under the action of the conversion mechanism, the telescopic member can be longitudinally moved between the initial position and the working position by rotating the rotating member. Preferably, the rotating member is rotatably fixed on the rotating member 58. Alternatively, the conversion mechanism includes a thread 68, and the rotating member includes a knob 62. The thread 68 is not limited to an internal thread or an external thread. Here, taking the internal thread as an example, the thread 68 is threadedly connected with the knob 62, and the axial position of the knob 62 is fixed. Preferably, the knob 62 is rotatably fixed to the end of the rotating member 58 away from the second engaging member 63. Since the handle 61 and the side opening 66 limit the circumferential rotational motion of the telescopic member 57 relative to the rotating member 58, when the knob 62 is rotated, the telescopic member 57 does not generate rotational motion and can only move longitudinally between the initial position and the working position. Preferably, in the initial position, the handle 60 is located at the left edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65 and 67 and is close to the lower edge of the side opening 65. Fig.25 , 27 As shown, the handle 61 is in contact with the lower edge of the side opening 66; in the working position, the handle 60 is located at the left edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65, 67, and is in contact with the upper edge of the side opening 65, as shown Fig.28As shown, the handle 61 is in contact with the upper edge of the side opening 66. When the connecting assembly is tightened with the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9, the handle 60 is located at the right edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65 and 67 and is in contact with the upper edge of the side opening 65, as shown in FIG. Fig.29 As shown, the handle 61 is in contact with the upper edge of the side opening 66. More preferably, the longitudinal movement distance of the telescopic member 57 can be achieved by the scale marks between the telescopic member 57 and the handles 60, 61.

[0140] When the locking tool 200 is in use, the second limiting member 64 of the fixing member 59 is engaged with the first limiting member 48 to fix the inner sleeve 6; the second engaging member 63 of the rotating member 58 is engaged with the first engaging member 44 or is opposite to the first engaging member 44; the knob 62 is rotated to move the telescopic member 57 downward from the initial position to the working position, the telescopic member 57 covers the second engaging member 63, the handle 60 is located at the left edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65 and 67, and is against the upper edge of the side opening 65, and the handle 61 is against the upper edge of the side opening 66, as shown in FIG. Fig.28 As shown; pull the handles 60 and 61 to rotate the handle 61 from the right side of the handle 60 to the handle 60, that is, the handle 61 rotates clockwise, causing the rotating member 58 to rotate relative to the fixed member 59, and the outer sleeve 4 rotates relative to the inner sleeve 6 in the locking direction, and finally the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9, and the handle 60 is located at the right edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65 and 67, and is close to the upper edge of the side opening 65, and the handle 61 is close to the upper edge of the side opening 66, as shown Fig.29 When the locking tool 200 needs to be separated from the connecting assembly, the knob 62 is rotated in the opposite direction to move the telescopic member 57 upward until the second engaging member 63 is exposed and can be separated from the first engaging member 44. At this time, the locking tool 200 can be separated from the connecting assembly, and the handle 60 is located at the right edge of the common space defined by the side openings 65 and 67 and abuts against the lower edge of the side opening 65, and the handle 61 abuts against the lower edge of the side opening 66, as shown in FIG. Fig.30 shown.

[0141] The locking system of the present invention further comprises an unlocking tool. In the first embodiment of the unlocking tool, the unlocking tool has all the technical features of the locking tool 100. The main difference between the two is that the first track 51 and the second track 50 of the locking tool 100 are arranged obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the locking tool 100 from the starting position to the lower right, such as Fig.21As shown in a-21c, the rotating member 14 and the telescopic member 15 rotate clockwise to lock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1; and the first track and the second track of the unlocking tool are arranged obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis of the unlocking tool in a direction from the starting position to the lower left, causing the rotating member and the telescopic member of the unlocking tool to rotate counterclockwise to unlock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. Another difference between the unlocking tool and the locking tool 100 is that, in the initial position, the relative positions of the second engaging member of the rotating member of the unlocking tool that can be engaged with the first engaging member 44 and the second limiting member of the fixing member of the unlocking tool that can be engaged with the first limiting member 48 match the relative positions of the first engaging member 44 and the first limiting member 48 in the locking position, so as to rotate the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 6 counterclockwise, thereby unlocking the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1. For other features, the unlocking tool is the same as the locking tool 100, and the method of use is also the same.

[0142] In a second embodiment of the unlocking tool, Fig.31 , 32 As shown in FIG. 33 , the unlocking tool 300 of the second embodiment has all the technical features of the locking tool 200 , and the main difference between the two is that:

[0143] The unlocking tool 300 includes a fixed member 92 having a second limiting member 97, a rotating member 91 having a second engaging member 96, and an actuating assembly that can rotate the rotating member 91 relative to the fixed member 92. The second limiting member 97 and the second engaging member 96 are respectively engaged with the first limiting member 48 and the first engaging member 44 when the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1 are in the locking position. The actuating assembly includes handles 93 and 94, the handle 94 is connected to the side wall of the fixed member 92, the handle 93 is connected to the side wall of the rotating member 91, a first side opening 99 is opened on the side wall of the rotating member 91, the handle 94 is arranged through the side opening 99, and the rotation stroke of the handle 94 in the side opening 99 can ensure that the connecting assembly locks the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9. The side opening 99 is provided on the right side of the handle 93, while the side opening 67 of the locking tool 200 is provided on the left side of the handle. Accordingly, the side openings provided on the telescopic member 90 of the unlocking tool 300 for the handles 93 and 94 to pass through are opposite in direction to the side openings provided on the telescopic member 57 of the locking tool 200 for the handles 61 and 60 to pass through, i.e., the side openings provided on the telescopic member 90 for the handle 93 to pass through are the same as the third side openings 66 on the right side of the telescopic member 57, and the side openings provided on the telescopic member 90 for the handle 94 to pass through are the same as the second side openings 65 on the left side of the telescopic member 57. Therefore, when the unlocking tool 300 is used to unlock the connecting rod 9 and the fixing screw 1, the handles 93 and 94 can be pulled to rotate the handle 93 from the left side of the handle 94 toward the handle 93, i.e., the handle 94 rotates counterclockwise, causing the rotating member 91 to rotate relative to the fixing member 92, and the outer sleeve 4 rotates relative to the inner sleeve 6 in the unlocking direction, thereby unlocking the fixing screw 1 and the connecting rod 9.

[0144] Regarding other features, the unlocking tool 300 is the same as the locking tool 200 and is used in the same manner.

[0145] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art may make various changes in form and details, including making several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orthopedic locking device, comprising a fixing screw, a connecting assembly and a connecting rod, wherein the connecting assembly can fix the connecting rod to the fixing screw, characterized in that: The connecting assembly comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, The inner sleeve comprises a first connecting end and a second connecting end, the rod-receiving groove of the first connecting end is used to accommodate the connecting rod, and the groove of the second connecting end is used to accommodate at least a part of the head of the fixing screw; The outer sleeve is provided with a receiving groove, wherein the receiving groove enables the shank of the fixing screw to pass through and allows at least a portion of the head of the fixing screw to be retained in the groove; At least a portion of the second connecting end is disposed in the receiving groove; The connecting assembly further comprises a biasing member, and when the outer sleeve rotates in a locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, the biasing member can bias the side walls of the rod placement groove and the groove inward, respectively squeezing the heads of the connecting rod and the fixing screw, so as to achieve independent clamping and fixing of the connecting rod and the fixing screw; The biasing member includes a first biasing member disposed on the inner sleeve and a second biasing member disposed on the outer sleeve; One of the first biasing member and the second biasing member includes a guide portion, and the other includes a protruding member corresponding to the guide portion; When the outer sleeve rotates relative to the inner sleeve in a locking direction, the interaction between the guide portion and the protruding member can cause the side walls of the rod placement slot and the groove to be biased inwardly to respectively squeeze the connecting rod and the head of the fixing screw; The first biasing member includes the guide portion, the guide portion includes a first guide portion provided on the first connecting end and a second guide portion provided on the second connecting end, the track upper edge of the first guide portion and the track lower edge of the second guide portion respectively present a downward and upward trend along the locking direction; Alternatively, the first biasing member includes the protrusion, and the protrusion includes a first protrusion arranged on the first connecting end and a second protrusion arranged on the second connecting end, and a lower edge of a track of a guide part arranged on the outer sleeve that interacts with the first protrusion and an upper edge of a track of a guide part that interacts with the second protrusion respectively show a downward and upward trend along the locking direction.

2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first guide portion further includes a track lower edge, and the second guide portion further includes a track upper edge. The track lower edge of the first guide portion and the track upper edge of the second guide portion support the protruding member respectively.

3. The locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first guide portion or the first protrusion is arranged closer to the free end of the rod placing groove relative to the bottom of the rod placing groove.

4. The locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first biasing member is radially symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the inner sleeve.

5. The locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The biasing member further comprises an eccentric structure to achieve clamping and fixing of the connecting rod and / or the fixing screw.

6. The locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The eccentric structure includes a first protrusion disposed on the outer side of the inner sleeve and a second protrusion matched with the first protrusion and disposed on the inner side of the outer sleeve; The first protrusion has a first surface with a gradually increasing height along the locking direction, or the second protrusion has a first surface with a gradually decreasing height along the locking direction; When the outer sleeve rotates in the locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, the first protrusion or the second protrusion passes over the first surface, causing the side walls of the rod placement groove and / or the groove to be biased inward to squeeze the head of the connecting rod and / or the fixing screw respectively.

7. The locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first protrusion has a second surface with a decreasing height intersecting with the first surface along the locking direction, or the second protrusion has a second surface with an increasing height intersecting with the first surface along the locking direction; The second surface is provided with a step portion.

8. The locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the first and second protrusions are located at the initial positions, the outer sleeve is provided with recesses at a position opposite to the first protrusion and the inner sleeve is provided with recesses at a position opposite to the second protrusion to accommodate the first protrusion and the second protrusion respectively.

9. The locking device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6-8, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is further provided with a supporting portion connecting the first connecting end and the second connecting end, and elastic portions are respectively provided at the connection points between the first connecting end and the second connecting end and the supporting portion.

10. The locking device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A T-shaped opening is provided between the supporting portion and the bottom of the rod placing groove to form the elastic portion between the first connecting end and the supporting portion.

11. The locking device according to claim 9, wherein a longitudinal side wall of the first guide portion and / or the second guide portion includes at least a portion of the elastic portion.

12. The locking device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6-8, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is further provided with a supporting portion connecting the first connecting end and the second connecting end, and the supporting portion is provided with a first guide member; A second guide member matching the first guide member is provided on the inner side of the receiving groove of the outer sleeve; When the locking device is used, the first guide member cooperates with the second guide member to enable the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve to rotate relative to each other and prevent them from being separated from each other.

13. The locking device according to claim 12, characterized in that: One of the first guide member and the second guide member includes a third protrusion, and the other includes a longitudinal groove and a transverse groove. The third protrusion enters the transverse groove under the guidance of the longitudinal groove and can move in the transverse groove.

14. The locking device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6-8, 10, 11, and 13, characterized in that: The first connecting end also includes a first limiting member, and the outer sleeve also includes a first engaging member. The first limiting member and the first engaging member can engage with the locking system so that when the locking system is actuated, the outer sleeve is rotated and the inner sleeve is fixed, thereby locking or unlocking the connecting rod and the fixing screw.

15. The locking device according to claim 14, characterized in that The first engaging member comprises a groove or a notch, and a depression or a protrusion is arranged in the groove or the notch of the first engaging member.

16. The locking device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6-8, 10, 11, 13, and 15, characterized in that: The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can independently clamp and fix the connecting rod and the fixing screw without substantially causing relative displacement in the axial direction of the connecting assembly.

17. The locking device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6-8, 10, 11, 13, and 15, characterized in that: The head of the fixing screw includes a swing limiting member, which can cooperate with the receiving groove or the groove of the second connecting end to enable the fixing screw to rotate 360° around its axis in the groove.

18. The locking device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 6-8, 10, 11, 13, 15, characterized in that: The fixing screw includes an annular groove with its axis as the axis, and the annular groove can cooperate with the radially symmetrically arranged protrusion on the accommodating groove or the second connecting end, and use the protrusion as a rotation support point to make the rod of the fixing screw swing and lock in a single plane.

19. The locking device according to claim 18, characterized in that The single plane is a plane where the connecting rod and the shank of the fixing screw are located.

20. A locking system, which is applicable to the locking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 19, to actuate the connecting assembly, so that the outer sleeve rotates in a locking direction relative to the inner sleeve, thereby achieving independent clamping and fixation of the connecting rod and the fixing screw.

21. A locking system, applicable to the locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, to actuate the connecting assembly so that the outer sleeve rotates relative to the inner sleeve in an unlocking direction to unlock the connecting rod and the fixing screw.

22. A fixing screw, characterized in that: The set screw can be used in a locking device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19, the head of the set screw comprising a swing limiter.

23. The fixing screw according to claim 22, characterized in that The swing limiting member includes a columnar structure connected to the rod portion of the fixing screw.

24. The fixing screw according to claim 23, characterized in that The cross section of the columnar structure is circular or square.

25. A fixing screw, characterized in that: The fixing screw can be used in a locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, and the fixing screw comprises an annular groove with its axis as the axis.

26. The fixing screw according to claim 25, characterized in that The annular groove is arranged on the head of the fixing screw or at the connection between the head and the rod.

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