A method and system for turning the head surface of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for turning the profile of a head of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity, comprising the steps of: removing the deep blind hole allowance of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity part, and establishing a processing reference and a tool setting reference; obtaining the basic properties of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction; performing profile fitting on the profile of the special-shaped head of the deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity; calculating the action value of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction based on the turning radius and the profile fitting result using the special-shaped profile trajectory model; turning the special-shaped head profile of the deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity part according to the action value of the turning tool head in each direction; accurately setting the tool on the end face and the inner hole to establish the processing zero point, and realizing efficient and high-quality processing of the profile of the special-shaped head of the inner cavity in one time through the linkage of a numerically controlled boring bar. According to the size of the deep blind hole head of the part to be processed, a method for processing the profile of the special-shaped head of the deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity is formulated in combination with the parameters of the boring bar turning tool head and the system, and the processing is accurate and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of turning processing, and in particular to a method and system for turning a head surface of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity. Background Art

[0002] Due to problems such as chatter, limited space, heat dissipation, difficulty in chip removal, and low processing efficiency, large deep blind hole processing has become one of the difficult processing areas in mechanical processing. Currently, most deep blind holes are processed by the "drilling, expanding, and boring" processing methods. However, when the deep blind hole structure is deeper and there are special-shaped surfaces with multiple arcs spliced ​​at the head of the blind hole, traditional boring tools and traditional boring processing methods will no longer be applicable.

[0003] For the head surface of a large deep blind hole, conventional boring bars often interfere with the head surface of the inner cavity, and it is impossible to perform through-center processing. Even if a forming drill is used for processing, the processing resistance is large, the profile error is large, the surface quality is poor, especially the surface quality of the bottom core is very poor, and the forming drill is worn. Each profile must be individually designed and manufactured with a corresponding forming drill, which has a long preparation cycle and poor processing flexibility. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that for the special-shaped surface of the head of a large deep blind hole cavity, conventional boring bars often interfere with the surface of the inner cavity head, and conventional turning systems and processing methods cannot perform through-center processing; in order to solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a method and system for turning the special-shaped inner cavity head surface of a deep blind hole.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for turning a head surface of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity, comprising the steps of:

[0007] S1. Remove the deep blind hole allowance of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts, and establish the processing reference and tool setting reference on the deep blind hole opening end face and inner hole of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts;

[0008] S2, obtaining the basic properties of the turning tool head in the direction of each motion axis;

[0009] S3, performing profile fitting on the profile of the special-shaped head of the special-shaped inner cavity of the deep blind hole;

[0010] S4, based on the basic properties and the surface fitting results, the motion values ​​of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction are calculated using the special-shaped surface trajectory model;

[0011] S5. According to the action values ​​of the turning tool head in various directions, the special-shaped head surface of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity part is turned.

[0012] Working principle of this scheme: At present, deep blind holes are mostly processed by the processing method of "drilling, expanding, and boring". However, when the deep blind hole structure is deep and the blind hole head has a special-shaped surface with multiple arc segments, the traditional boring tool and processing method are no longer applicable. The boring bar often interferes with the inner cavity head surface, and it is impossible to perform through-center processing. When using a forming drill for processing, different types of parts require different forming drills, which not only increases the cost, but also causes wear of the forming drill after long-term use, large processing resistance, large surface error, and poor surface quality, especially the surface quality of the center position of the head is very poor. The deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head surface turning method provided by this scheme, the turning tool head can move in multiple directions, and the movement value of the turning tool head in each direction is calculated by the basic properties of the turning tool head, the surface fitting result and the special-shaped surface trajectory model. The turning tool head is controlled in multiple directions to achieve efficient and high-quality processing of the inner cavity special-shaped head surface in one time, with good processing flexibility and small surface error, which is suitable for parts of various types and sizes.

[0013] A further optimization scheme is that the movement axis directions of the turning tool head include: the direction in which the turning tool head moves forward or backward horizontally is the Z axis and the direction in which the turning tool head makes a circular rotation around a fixed point is the B axis.

[0014] A further optimization solution is that the basic properties include the turning radius of the turning tool head in the B-axis direction.

[0015] A further optimization scheme is that the action values ​​of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction include:

[0016] The action value of the turning tool head in the Z-axis direction is the displacement value of the turning tool head moving forward or backward along the Z-axis direction;

[0017] The action value of the turning tool head in the B-axis direction is the rotation angle value of the turning tool head along the B-axis direction.

[0018] A further optimization scheme is that step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0019] S31, determining the fitting error according to the machining accuracy of the profiled inner cavity head surface;

[0020] S32, determining a fitting compensation according to a fitting error;

[0021] S33, according to the fitting compensation, the profiled inner cavity head surface f(x,z) is divided into N points, and the points f of each division are calculated. i (x i ,z i )’s coordinate values.

[0022] A further optimization solution is that N>100.

[0023] A further optimization scheme is that the trajectory model of the special-shaped surface is:

[0024] Where B is the turning angle of the turning head along the rotation axis; R is the turning radius of the turning head in the B-axis direction; Z is the displacement of the turning head forward or backward along the Z-axis direction.

[0025] The present invention also provides a deep blind hole profiled inner cavity head surface turning system, which supports the above-mentioned deep blind hole profiled inner cavity head surface turning method, including:

[0026] The allowance removal module is used to remove the allowance of deep blind holes of special-shaped inner cavity parts, and to establish machining datum and tool setting datum on the deep blind hole opening end face and inner hole of deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts;

[0027] The acquisition module obtains the basic properties of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction;

[0028] The profile fitting module is used to fit the profile of the special-shaped head of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity;

[0029] The calculation module calculates the motion value of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction based on the basic properties and the surface fitting results using the special-shaped surface trajectory model;

[0030] The execution module turns the special-shaped head surface of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity part according to the action values ​​of the turning tool head in various directions.

[0031] A further optimization scheme is that the removal module removes the deep blind hole allowance of deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts by one or more methods of drilling, expanding and boring, and the blind hole head allowance is 0.2 to 1 mm.

[0032] Further optimization solutions include: turning tool heads, boring bars, transmission shafts and transmission components;

[0033] The transmission shaft and the transmission assembly are installed inside the boring bar, the turning cutter head is installed on the top of the boring bar, and the transmission shaft drives the turning cutter head through the transmission assembly to perform semicircular rotational motion with the center of the top of the boring bar as the center of the circle.

[0034] The deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head profile turning system also includes a guide block, which is installed on the periphery of the boring bar close to the turning tool head side, and the guide block is filled between the boring bar and the deep blind hole to be processed.

[0035] The plane formed by the circular motion of the turning tool head is perpendicular to the plane where the cross section of the boring bar is located.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The present invention provides a method and system for turning the profile of a deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head, which accurately sets the tool on the end face and the inner hole to establish the processing zero point, and realizes efficient and high-quality processing of the profile of the inner cavity special-shaped head in one go through the linkage of a CNC boring bar.

[0038] 2. The present invention provides a method and system for turning the head profile of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity. According to the size of the deep blind hole head of the part to be processed, combined with the parameters of the CNC boring bar turning tool head and the CNC system, a head profile processing method for the head profile of the deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity is formulated. The method is suitable for parts of various types and sizes and has high processing efficiency.

[0039] 3. The present invention provides a method and system for turning the profile of a deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head, which realizes the linkage interpolation processing of the profile of a deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head by linking the turning tool head in the rotation B-axis and the horizontal displacement Z-axis direction. The processing process is simple and the accuracy is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of turning the head surface of a deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the tool of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head surface turning system of the present invention.

[0043] Reference numerals and corresponding component names:

[0044] 1-deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts, 2-turning tool head, 3-guide block, 4-boring bar, 5-transmission shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not necessarily employed to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0047] Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. In addition, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for turning the head surface of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity, comprising the steps of:

[0051] S1. Remove the deep blind hole allowance of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts, and establish the processing reference and tool setting reference on the deep blind hole opening end face and inner hole of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts;

[0052] S2, obtaining the basic properties of the turning tool head in the direction of each motion axis;

[0053] S3, performing profile fitting on the profile of the special-shaped head of the special-shaped inner cavity of the deep blind hole;

[0054] S4, based on the basic properties and the surface fitting results, the motion values ​​of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction are calculated using the special-shaped surface trajectory model;

[0055] S5. According to the action values ​​of the turning tool head in various directions, the special-shaped head surface of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity part is turned.

[0056] The motion axis directions of the turning tool head include: the Z axis is the direction in which the turning tool head moves forward or backward horizontally, and the B axis is the direction in which the turning tool head makes a circular rotation around a fixed point.

[0057] The basic properties include the turning radius of the turning tool head in the B-axis direction.

[0058] The action values ​​of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction include:

[0059] The action value of the turning tool head in the Z-axis direction is the displacement value of the turning tool head moving forward or backward along the Z-axis direction;

[0060] The action value of the turning tool head in the B-axis direction is the rotation angle value of the turning tool head along the B-axis direction.

[0061] Step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0062] S31, determining the fitting error according to the machining accuracy of the profiled inner cavity head surface;

[0063] S32, determining a fitting compensation according to a fitting error;

[0064] S33, according to the fitting compensation, the profiled inner cavity head surface f(x,z) is divided into N points (N>100) and the values ​​of each divided point f are calculated. i (x i ,z i )’s coordinate values.

[0065] The trajectory model of the special-shaped surface is:

[0066] Where B is the turning angle of the turning head along the rotation axis; R is the turning radius of the turning head in the B-axis direction; Z is the displacement of the turning head forward or backward along the Z-axis direction.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a deep blind hole profiled inner cavity head surface turning system, supporting the deep blind hole profiled inner cavity head surface turning method of the previous embodiment, including:

[0069] The allowance removal module is used to remove the allowance of deep blind holes of special-shaped inner cavity parts, and to establish machining datum and tool setting datum on the deep blind hole opening end face and inner hole of deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts;

[0070] The acquisition module obtains the basic properties of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction;

[0071] The profile fitting module is used to fit the profile of the special-shaped head of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity;

[0072] The calculation module calculates the motion value of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction based on the basic properties and the surface fitting results using the special-shaped surface trajectory model;

[0073] The execution module turns the special-shaped head surface of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity part according to the action values ​​of the turning tool head in various directions.

[0074] The excess removal module removes the deep blind hole excess of deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts by one or more methods of drilling, expanding and boring, and the blind hole head excess is 0.2 to 1 mm.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that it further comprises: a turning tool head 1, a boring bar 4, a transmission shaft 5 and a transmission assembly;

[0077] The transmission shaft 5 and the transmission assembly are installed inside the boring bar 4, and the turning tool head 2 is installed on the top of the boring bar 4. The transmission shaft 5 drives the turning tool head 2 through the transmission assembly to perform a semicircular rotation motion with the center of the top of the boring bar 4 as the center.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] This embodiment uses the solution provided by the present invention to process a large deep blind hole part made of 45# steel, with a hardness of HRC40-50, a depth-to-diameter ratio greater than 10, and an inner cavity head composed of multiple tangent arcs.

[0080] First, the deep blind hole margin is quickly removed by drilling, expanding, boring, etc., and the head margin is controlled at about 0.5mm;

[0081] Combined with the parameters of the CNC boring bar cutter head and the CNC system, the head processing program is compiled.

[0082] Through the linkage of CNC boring bar, efficient and high-quality processing of the inner cavity head can be completed in one go.

[0083] After processing, the surface roughness of the inner cavity head is better than Ra6.3, and the shape error is better than 15μm.

[0084] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for turning the head surface of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1. Remove the deep blind hole allowance of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts, and establish the processing reference and tool setting reference on the deep blind hole opening end face and inner hole of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts; S2, obtaining the basic properties of the turning tool head in the direction of each motion axis; The motion axis directions of the turning tool head include: the direction in which the turning tool head moves forward or backward horizontally is the Z axis and the direction in which the turning tool head makes a circular rotation around a fixed point is the B axis; The basic properties include the turning radius of the turning tool head in the B-axis direction; S3, performing profile fitting on the profiled head surface of the deep blind hole profiled inner cavity; step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S31, determining the fitting error according to the machining accuracy of the profiled inner cavity head surface; S32, determining a fitting compensation according to a fitting error; S33, according to the fitting compensation, the profiled inner cavity head surface f(x, z) is divided into N points, and the points f of each division are calculated. i (x i , z i )’s coordinate values; S4, based on the basic properties and the surface fitting results, the motion values ​​of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction are calculated using the special-shaped surface trajectory model; The profile trajectory model is: Where B is the turning angle of the turning tool head along the rotation axis; R is the turning radius of the turning tool head in the B axis direction; Z is the displacement of the turning tool head forward or backward along the Z axis direction; S5. According to the action values ​​of the turning tool head in various directions, the special-shaped head surface of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity part is turned.

2. A method for turning the head surface of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The action values ​​of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction include: The action value of the turning tool head in the Z-axis direction is the displacement value of the turning tool head moving forward or backward along the Z-axis direction; The action value of the turning tool head in the B-axis direction is the rotation angle value of the turning tool head along the B-axis direction.

3. A method for turning the head surface of a deep blind hole with a special-shaped inner cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: N＞100。 4. A deep blind hole profile head turning system, supporting a deep blind hole profile head turning method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: The allowance removal module is used to remove the allowance of deep blind holes of special-shaped inner cavity parts, and to establish machining datum and tool setting datum on the deep blind hole opening end face and inner hole of deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts; The acquisition module obtains the basic properties of the turning tool head in the direction of each motion axis; The profile fitting module is used to fit the profile of the special-shaped head of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity; The calculation module calculates the motion value of the turning tool head in each motion axis direction based on the basic properties and the surface fitting results using the special-shaped surface trajectory model; The execution module turns the special-shaped head surface of the deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity part according to the action values ​​of the turning tool head in various directions.

5. A deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head profile turning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The excess removal module removes the deep blind hole excess of deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity parts by one or more methods of drilling, expanding and boring, and the blind hole head excess is 0.2 to 1 mm.

6. A deep blind hole special-shaped inner cavity head profile turning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Turning tool head (2), boring bar (4), transmission shaft (5) and transmission assembly; The transmission shaft (5) and the transmission assembly are installed inside the boring bar (4), the turning tool head (2) is installed on the top of the boring bar (4), and the transmission shaft (5) drives the turning tool head (2) through the transmission assembly to perform semi-circular rotational motion with the center of the top of the boring bar (4) as the center.

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