A model test system for groundwater seepage field on slope

Abstract

The invention provides a slope groundwater seepage field model test system, which relates to the technical field of geological disaster simulation test devices; the slope groundwater seepage field model test system comprises: a test box, a simulated rainfall device, a water collection well and a landslide monitoring device; a simulated slide bed and a simulated landslide body are arranged inside the test box; the simulated slide bed is arranged at the bottom of the test box; the simulated landslide body is inclinedly arranged on the top of the simulated slide bed; a baffle is arranged on the lower side of the simulated landslide body; the simulated rainfall device is arranged on the top of the test box; the water collection well is vertically arranged inside the simulated landslide body; the landslide monitoring device comprises a water level stress monitoring module, an optical fiber strain sensor and a pressure box arranged inside the simulated landslide body; the pressure box is arranged between the baffle and the inner side wall of the test box, and can simulate the influence of the water collection well on the stability of the landslide body under the action of pumping, thereby studying the feasibility and effectiveness of the water collection well in landslide control, and guiding engineering practice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster simulation test devices, and in particular to a slope groundwater seepage field model test system. Background Art

[0002] Landslide is a common geological disaster. The conditions for the formation of landslide are varied and the influencing factors are also very complex. Heavy rain and earthquake are the main natural factors that induce landslides. In addition, with the increase of engineering construction and various human activities, human factors continue to induce landslides. At present, the landslide control engineering measures are mainly anti-slide piles, retaining walls, anchor rods and cables, slope cutting and pressure footing, etc., which have large engineering volume, high control cost and long control period.

[0003] Through the analysis of the formation mechanism, destruction principle and relevant statistical data of landslides, it is found that 80% to 90% of landslides are caused by water. Water is the most important factor in inducing landslides and is also the most difficult factor to quantitatively study. Draining groundwater through underground drainage holes, drainage holes, support blind ditches, etc., improving the rock and soil strength parameters of the sliding body and sliding belt, reducing the sliding force, and improving the stability of landslides is an effective control method and has been adopted by more and more projects.

[0004] The existing underground drainage measures have not been widely promoted, mainly because the research on the seepage field of the landslide body is not in-depth enough, and the effect of underground drainage measures such as collection wells in landslide control is not clear. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide a model test system for groundwater seepage field on a slope, which is convenient for studying the influence of water pumping from a water collection well on the stability of a landslide body.

[0006] The present invention provides a slope groundwater seepage field model test system, comprising: a test box, a rainfall simulation device, a water collection well and a landslide monitoring device;

[0007] The test box is provided with a simulated slide bed and a simulated landslide body inside; the simulated slide bed is provided at the bottom of the test box; the simulated landslide body is provided at an angle on the top of the simulated slide bed; a baffle is provided on the lower side of the simulated landslide body;

[0008] The simulated rainfall device is arranged on the top of the test box and is used to spray simulated rainwater onto the upper surface of the simulated landslide body;

[0009] The water collection well is vertically arranged inside the simulated landslide body, and is used to collect water in the simulated landslide body;

[0010] The landslide monitoring device includes a water level stress monitoring module, an optical fiber strain sensor and a pressure box arranged inside the simulated landslide body; the water level stress monitoring module includes a humidity sensor and a stress sensor, which are respectively used to monitor the water level and stress value inside the simulated landslide body; the optical fiber strain sensor is used to monitor the strain value inside the simulated landslide body; the pressure box is arranged between the baffle and the inner wall of the test box, and is used to monitor the sliding thrust of the simulated landslide body.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the simulated landslide body includes a mudstone block layer and a sandstone block layer; the mudstone block layer is inclined on the upper surface of the simulated sliding bed; and the sandstone block layer is inclined on the upper surface of the mudstone block layer.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, a GPS monitoring pier is provided on the top of the sandstone block layer for monitoring the displacement value of the surface of the sandstone block layer.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, a water level meter is provided inside the water collection well to monitor the water level value inside the water collection well.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the simulated rainfall device includes an S-shaped bend, a booster pump and a flow meter; the S-shaped bend is suspended on the top of the test box, and a spray hole is provided at the bottom of the S-shaped bend; the water outlet of the booster pump is connected to the S-shaped bend, and the water inlet of the booster pump is connected to the flow meter.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: the slope groundwater seepage field model test system in the present invention includes a test box, a simulated rainfall device, a water collection well and a landslide monitoring device; by arranging a simulated slide bed and a simulated landslide body inside the test box, arranging a water level stress monitoring module, an optical fiber strain sensor and the water collection well inside the simulated landslide body, and arranging a baffle and a pressure box on the lower side of the simulated landslide body, it is possible to simulate the influence of the water collection well on the stability of the landslide body under the action of pumping, thereby facilitating the study of the feasibility and effectiveness of the water collection well in landslide control and guiding engineering practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a model test system for groundwater seepage field on a slope in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rainfall simulation device 12 in a slope groundwater seepage field model test system;

[0018] Among them, 1. test box; 2. simulated slide bed; 3. sandstone block layer; 4. mudstone block layer; 5. baffle; 6. pressure box; 7. water collection well; 701. well cover; 8. water level gauge; 9. optical fiber strain sensor; 10. water level stress monitoring module; 11. GPS monitoring pier; 12. simulated rainfall device; 1201. S-shaped bend; 1202. spray hole; 1203. booster pump; 1204. flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a slope groundwater seepage field model test system, comprising: a test box 1, a rainfall simulation device 12, a water collection well 7 and a landslide monitoring device;

[0021] The test box 1 is provided with a simulated slide bed 2 and a simulated landslide body inside; the simulated slide bed 2 is provided at the bottom of the test box 1; the simulated landslide body is tiltedly provided on the top of the simulated slide bed 2; a baffle 5 is provided on the lower side of the simulated landslide body, and the baffle 5 is movably provided on one side of the simulated landslide body; illustratively, in this embodiment, the simulated slide bed 2 is formed by stacking concrete materials;

[0022] The simulated rainfall device 12 is arranged on the top of the test box 1, and is used to spray simulated rainwater onto the upper surface of the simulated landslide body;

[0023] The water collection well 7 is vertically arranged inside the simulated landslide body, and is used to collect water in the simulated landslide body; a well cover 701 is detachably arranged on the top of the water collection well 7; during the test, the water in the simulated landslide body enters the inside of the water collection well 7 through the filter holes on the side wall of the water collection well 7, so as to collect the water in the simulated landslide body; when the water level in the water collection well 7 reaches a certain height, the water in the water collection well 7 is pumped out by a water pump;

[0024] The landslide monitoring device includes a water level stress monitoring module 10, an optical fiber strain sensor 9 and a pressure box 6 arranged inside the simulated landslide body; the water level stress monitoring module 10 includes a humidity sensor and a stress sensor, which are respectively used to monitor the humidity and stress values ​​at corresponding positions inside the simulated landslide body; the optical fiber strain sensor 9 is used to monitor the strain value inside the simulated landslide body; the pressure box 6 is arranged between the baffle 5 and the inner side wall of the test box 1, and is used to monitor the sliding thrust of the simulated landslide body; when the simulated landslide body is deformed, the lower side of the simulated landslide body will squeeze the baffle 5, and the baffle 5 and the side wall of the test box 1 cooperate to squeeze the pressure box 6, thereby monitoring the sliding thrust of the simulated landslide body; the humidity sensor can measure the moisture content of the simulated landslide body. When the moisture content exceeds a certain level, it can be considered that the moisture content of the simulated landslide body has reached saturation, and the water level of the simulated landslide body can be estimated based on the height of the humidity sensor when the moisture content of the simulated landslide body is monitored to reach saturation.

[0025] Specifically, a number of water level stress monitoring modules 10 are longitudinally arranged in the front, middle and rear sections of the simulated landslide body respectively; illustratively, in the present embodiment, 3, 7 and 6 water level stress monitoring modules 10 are respectively arranged in the front, middle and rear sections of the simulated landslide body, and the specific arrangement can be adjusted accordingly according to the actual geological structure; the water level stress monitoring module 10 also includes a signal transmission device; the humidity sensor and the stress sensor are electrically connected to the signal transmission device respectively; the signal transmission device is used to communicate with an external computer terminal; the signal transmission device transmits the data collected by the humidity sensor and the stress sensor to the computer terminal; the signal transmission module can be a Bluetooth transmission module or a WIFI module.

[0026] Exemplarily, the simulated landslide body includes a mudstone block layer 4 and a sandstone block layer 3; the mudstone block layer 4 is obliquely arranged on the upper surface of the simulated sliding bed 2; the sandstone block layer 3 is obliquely arranged on the upper surface of the mudstone block layer 4; it can be understood that the structure of the simulated landslide body can be simulated and set according to the specific conditions of the actual landslide body, including the number of layered structures, constituent materials, etc.

[0027] Further, refer to Figure 1 A GPS monitoring pier 11 is arranged on the top of the sandstone block layer 3 to monitor the displacement value on the surface of the sandstone block layer 3; illustratively, in this embodiment, the number of the GPS monitoring piers 11 is three, and the three GPS monitoring piers 11 are distributed on the front, middle and rear sections of the upper surface of the sandstone block layer 3.

[0028] A water level gauge 8 is provided inside the water collection well 7 for monitoring the water level inside the water collection well 7; by monitoring the water level inside the water collection well 7, the influence of the water level pumped from the water collection well 7 on the stability of the landslide body can be studied, thereby obtaining the optimal water level of the water collection well 7.

[0029] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The simulated rainfall device 12 includes an S-shaped elbow 1201, a booster pump 1203 and a flow meter 1204; the S-shaped elbow 1201 is suspended on the top of the test box 1, and a spray hole 1202 is arranged at the bottom of the S-shaped elbow 1201; the water outlet of the booster pump 1203 is connected with the S-shaped elbow 1201, and the water inlet of the booster pump 1203 is connected with the flow meter 1204; the booster pump 1203 can realize the slope infiltration simulation under different rainfall intensities, and the flow meter 1204 can record the real-time rainfall, realizing accurate rainfall monitoring, so as to carry out more accurate quantitative analysis.

[0030] The test method of the slope groundwater seepage field model test system in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0031] S1, start the slope groundwater seepage field model test system, debug the optical fiber strain sensor 9, humidity sensor, stress sensor and pressure box 6, and record the initial parameters of the simulated landslide body at the beginning of the test;

[0032] S2, simulate rainfall by simulating rainfall device 12, which lasts for 1-3 hours; turn off the simulated rainfall device 12, wait for 24 hours of rainwater to dissipate and drain naturally, and the simulated slope body reaches a natural seepage state; wait for 3 days of natural evaporation and dissipation, record the data of the whole process of this stage, and pay special attention to the changes of the monitoring value of pressure box 6;

[0033] S3, start the simulated rainfall device 12, adjust the pressure of the booster pump 1203 to different pressure states, simulate the seepage field changes of the simulated landslide body under different rainfall and duration conditions; wherein the pumping pressure range of the booster pump 1203 is 0.3-15Mp, and the rainfall duration range is 0.5-12h; monitor the water level and pressure changes in the simulated landslide body under different working conditions; after closing the simulated rainfall device 12, monitor various parameters of the simulated landslide body in the next 5 days;

[0034] S4, analyzing the monitoring value of the optical fiber strain sensor 9 throughout the whole process, and continuously observing whether there is a sudden change in the strain value. If there is a sudden change in the strain value, timely record and analyze the cause of the sudden change;

[0035] S5, by analyzing the various parameters monitored in the aforementioned steps, analyzing the main controlling factors of landslide disasters, and analyzing the real-time relationship between the water level, rainfall per unit time and duration in the simulated slope body, to find the threshold value of landslide disasters;

[0036] S6. Five days after the rainfall, the working condition of the water collection well 7 pumping water is simulated, during which the water level, stress value, strain value, and sliding thrust in the simulated landslide body are monitored in real time to analyze the feasibility and effectiveness of pumping water from the water collection well 7 to control the landslide;

[0037] S7. According to the monitoring data during the pumping stage, analyze the reasonable pumping water level value and optimize the design of the water collection well 7 structure.

[0038] In this document, the directional words such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined by the positions of the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are only for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0039] In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope groundwater seepage field model test system, characterized in that: include: Test chambers, rainfall simulation devices, water collection wells and landslide monitoring devices; The test box is provided with a simulated slide bed and a simulated landslide body inside; the simulated slide bed is provided at the bottom of the test box; the simulated landslide body is provided at an angle on the top of the simulated slide bed; a baffle is provided on the lower side of the simulated landslide body; The simulated rainfall device is arranged on the top of the test box and is used to spray simulated rainwater onto the upper surface of the simulated landslide body; The water collection well is vertically arranged inside the simulated landslide body, and is used to collect water in the simulated landslide body; The landslide monitoring device comprises a water level stress monitoring module, an optical fiber strain sensor and a pressure box arranged inside the simulated landslide body; the water level stress monitoring module comprises a humidity sensor and a stress sensor, which are respectively used to monitor the water level and stress value inside the simulated landslide body; the optical fiber strain sensor is used to monitor the strain value inside the simulated landslide body; the pressure box is arranged between the baffle and the inner side wall of the test box, and is used to monitor the sliding thrust of the simulated landslide body; The test method of the test system comprises the following steps: S1, starting the slope groundwater seepage field model test system, debugging the optical fiber strain sensor, humidity sensor, stress sensor and pressure box, and recording the initial parameters of the simulated landslide body at the beginning of the test; S2, simulate rainfall through the simulated rainfall device for 1-3 hours; turn off the simulated rainfall device, wait for 24 hours of rainwater to dissipate and drain naturally, and the simulated slope body reaches a natural seepage state; wait for 3 days of natural evaporation and dissipation, and record the data of the whole process of this stage; S3, start the simulated rainfall device, adjust the pressure of the booster pump to different pressure states, simulate the seepage field changes of the simulated landslide body under different rainfall and duration conditions; monitor the water level and pressure changes in the simulated landslide body under different working conditions; after closing the simulated rainfall device, monitor various parameters of the simulated landslide body in the next 5 days; S4. Analyze the monitoring value of the optical fiber strain sensor throughout the whole process, and continuously observe whether there is a sudden change in the strain value. If there is a sudden change in the strain value, record and analyze the cause of the sudden change in time; S5, by analyzing the various parameters monitored in the aforementioned steps, analyzing the main controlling factors of landslide disasters, and analyzing the real-time relationship between the water level, rainfall per unit time and duration in the simulated slope body, to find the threshold value of landslide disasters; S6. Five days after the rainfall, simulate the working conditions of water collection well pumping, monitor the water level, stress value, strain value, and sliding thrust in the simulated landslide body in real time, and analyze the feasibility and effectiveness of water collection well pumping to control landslide; S7. Analyze reasonable pumping water level values ​​based on monitoring data during the pumping stage and optimize the design of the water collection well structure.

2. The slope groundwater seepage field model test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulated landslide body comprises a mudstone block layer and a sandstone block layer; the mudstone block layer is arranged obliquely on the upper surface of the simulated sliding bed; and the sandstone block layer is arranged obliquely on the upper surface of the mudstone block layer.

3. The slope groundwater seepage field model test system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A GPS monitoring pier is arranged on the top of the sandstone block layer to monitor the displacement value of the surface of the sandstone block layer.

4. The slope groundwater seepage field model test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A water level meter is arranged inside the water collection well to monitor the water level value inside the water collection well.

5. The slope groundwater seepage field model test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulated rainfall device includes an S-shaped elbow, a booster pump and a flow meter; the S-shaped elbow is suspended on the top of the test box, and a spray hole is arranged at the bottom of the S-shaped elbow; the water outlet of the booster pump is connected to the S-shaped elbow, and the water inlet of the booster pump is connected to the flow meter.

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