High-energy quantum battery

Abstract

The present invention provides an EMES battery based on electromagnetic energy storage (EMES) technology, also known as a quantum battery, for storing electrical energy in a statically stable electromagnetic coupling device. A single unit of electromagnetic energy storage is called an EMES device, and a network of EMES devices can also be referred to as an EMES battery or an EMES system. This is a new method of simultaneously storing energy in the electric and magnetic fields of the same device during charge and discharge cycles. The EMES battery includes at least one electromagnetic energy storage EMES device, which includes: two upper and lower electromagnetic layers and a magnetic capacitor Mcap unit disposed in the middle for storing electrical energy. The two upper and lower electromagnetic layers are used to form a magnetic field during charging and form electromagnetic coupling with the Mcap in the middle, and can store energy in both the electric and magnetic fields of the EMES device simultaneously. The EMES quantum battery has the characteristics of high-density energy storage, long life, no heat generation, no memory effect, fast charge and discharge, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, particularly high-energy quantum batteries. Background Art

[0002] Our primary energy sources are renewable or non-renewable energy. The electricity we use is neither renewable nor non-renewable. Electricity should be defined as secondary energy because it is generated by converting primary energy sources such as nuclear energy, solar energy, fossil fuels, and wind energy into electrical energy. Regarding the generation and storage of electrical energy, we reclassify the relevant energy sources at their basic element level into seven categories, which we call "seven drawers" (or "seven sons"). These seven categories are:

[0003] – Chemion, such as fossil fuels and nuclear energy (chemical and nuclear reactions)

[0004] – Phononion, such as heat energy (heat entropy)

[0005] – Windtonion, such as wind energy (wind)

[0006] – Waterion, such as gravitational force, potential energy

[0007] – Photonion, such as solar energy (solar)

[0008] – Magnetmechanion, such as magnetism mechanics

[0009] – Blackenion, such as ionosphere free ions

[0010] All seven categories of energy can be converted into electrical energy, immediately used as a power source, or stored in an energy storage system. Currently, almost all storage solutions require converting electrical energy into chemical energy to store in a battery, which is a process involving further damage caused by heat and material degradation. Another option of storing in small capacitors and supercapacitors is negligible because of insufficient storage capacity.

[0011] The perfect storage solution is in the form of EMES technology, where the utilization of energy is stored in an electric field and a magnetic field by quantum magnetic coupling controlled by the properties of magnons.

[0012] At the quantum mechanical level, the electric field and the magnetic field can be converted into each other. The magnetic field can bind and control charges, and the giant magneto resistance effect (GMR) is observed in the structures of thin magnetic or thin non-magnetic regions. The giant magneto resistance effect shows a significant change in the resistance when it reacts to an externally applied electric field, from a high-impedance state in zero-field to a low-impedance state in high-field. The electric flux in this change can not only be used to represent "0" and "1" for computer operators and information storage, but also use this (GMR) principle to control the impedance of materials and couple with the corresponding external magnetic field to store electrical energy.

[0013] Therefore, a magnetic capacitor Mcap (Magnetic Capacitor) with the giant magneto resistance effect can be used to make an electro magnetic energy storage (EMES) device with a high energy density. Moreover, this device can be charged and discharged repeatedly, without a memory effect, and it does not heat up itself during charging and discharging.

[0014] This invention provides a new feasible technical solution and an effective and reliable device for efficiently storing and making full use of the energy in the "seven drawers" (especially importantly, it can directly capture a large amount of charges in the atmospheric ionosphere). Summary of the Invention

[0015] One of the purposes of this invention is to overcome at least some of the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a high-energy quantum battery.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0017] A high-energy quantum battery includes at least one electro magnetic energy storage (EMES) unit; the EMES unit includes: a first electro magnetic layer, a second electro magnetic layer, and a magnetic capacitor Mcap unit; the magnetic capacitor Mcap unit is disposed between the first electro magnetic layer and the second electro magnetic layer for storing electrical energy; the first electro magnetic layer and the second electro magnetic layer are used to form a magnetic field during charging to store magnetic energy.

[0018] Further, the Mcap unit includes: a first magnetic layer; a second magnetic layer; a dielectric layer disposed between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer; wherein the dielectric layer is used to store electrical energy, and when storing electrical energy, the bipolar polar directions of the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer are opposite to prevent electrical energy leakage.

[0019] Further, the first magnetic layer includes a first magnetic region, a second magnetic region, and a conduction region disposed between the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region; the second magnetic layer includes a third magnetic region, a fourth magnetic region, and a conduction region disposed between the third magnetic region and the fourth magnetic region; wherein when the Mcap unit stores electrical energy, the bipolar polar directions of the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are opposite, and the bipolar polar directions of the third magnetic region and the fourth magnetic region are opposite.

[0020] Further, the first magnetic region, the second magnetic region, the third magnetic region, and the fourth magnetic region are each a thin film.

[0021] Further, when charging the high-energy quantum battery, the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer are coupled to a power source.

[0022] Further, when charging the high-energy quantum battery, the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer are coupled to a power source.

[0023] Further, when discharging the high-energy quantum battery, the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer are coupled to a load.

[0024] Further, when discharging the high-energy quantum battery, the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer are coupled to a load.

[0025] Further, it includes a plurality of electromagnetic energy storage EMES units; the plurality of EMES units are connected in parallel, in series, or in a combination of parallel and series.

[0026] Further, it further includes: a voltage regulation unit, electrically connected to the EMES unit, and generating an output power supply with a fixed voltage according to the discharge voltage of the EMES unit; when the discharge voltage of the EMES unit is greater than the fixed voltage, the voltage regulation unit steps down the discharge voltage, and when the discharge voltage of the EMES unit is less than the fixed voltage, the voltage regulation unit steps up the discharge voltage.

[0027] Through the high-energy quantum battery provided by the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects can be brought: Utilizing magnetic capacitance and static and stable electromagnetic coupling technology, energy is stored in both the electric field and magnetic field of the EMES during charging, having characteristics such as high energy storage density, long lifespan, no memory effect, capable of high-power output and fast charge and discharge, and being able to work stably at environmental temperatures ranging from -50 degrees Celsius to 150 degrees Celsius. Description of the Drawings

[0028] The above characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the high-energy quantum battery will be further described below in a clear and understandable manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the high-energy quantum battery of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the magnetic capacitance Mcap unit in

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment for charging and discharging the quantum battery;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of charging the quantum battery;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of discharging the quantum battery;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the current direction on the word line during charging and discharging of the quantum battery;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment for charging and discharging the quantum battery;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the discharge characteristics of the Mcap and EMES units;

[0037] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the high-energy quantum battery of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the evolution of energy storage technology.

[0039] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0040] 110. First electromagnetic layer, 120. Magnetic capacitance unit, 130. Second electromagnetic layer, 121. First magnetic layer, 122. Dielectric layer, 123. Second magnetic layer, 140. Top word line, 150. Bottom word line, 160. Substrate, 100. Electromagnetic energy storage unit, 200. Voltage regulation unit, 10. Quantum battery, 210. Power management system. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0042] To make the drawings concise, only the parts related to the present invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Additionally, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, in some figures, for components with the same structure or function, only one of them is schematically drawn, or only one of them is labeled. In this article, "one" not only means "only this one", but also means the case of "more than one".

[0043] There are many problems in existing energy storage technologies. For this reason, the present invention provides a high-energy quantum battery, which is based on electromagnetic energy storage (EMES) technology and stores electrical energy in a static and stable electromagnetic coupling device. This is a new method of storing energy in both the electric field and magnetic field in the same device during the charge and discharge cycles.

[0044] The quantum battery includes at least one electromagnetic energy storage EMES unit, and the EMES unit includes: a first electromagnetic layer, a second electromagnetic layer, and a magnetic capacitance Mcap unit; the magnetic capacitance Mcap unit is disposed between the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer for storing electrical energy; the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer are used to form a magnetic field during charging and form electromagnetic coupling with the Mcap. The present invention utilizes magnetic capacitance and static and stable electromagnetic coupling technology to store energy in both the electric field and magnetic field of the EMES during charging.

[0045] The quantum battery has characteristics such as high energy storage density, long life, no heat dissipation, no memory effect, high-power output, and fast charge and discharge.

[0046] Figure 1 A quantum battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device includes at least one electromagnetic energy storage (EMES, Electro Magnetic Energy Storage) unit 100.

[0047] Each EMES unit includes a first electromagnetic layer 110, a second electromagnetic layer 130, and a magnetic capacitance unit 120. The magnetic capacitance unit 120 is disposed between the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130 for storing electrical energy. The first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130 are used to form a magnetic field during charging and store magnetic energy.

[0048] Specifically, the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130 are electromagnets that form a magnetic field during charging.

[0049] The magnetic capacitor (Mcap) unit 120 is a component made of silicon semiconductor that can store electrical energy with high density and large capacity through physical energy storage under the action of a certain magnetic field. It has characteristics such as large output current, small volume, light weight, extremely long service life, good charge and discharge capabilities, and no charge memory effect.

[0050] Figure 2 It is an implementation of the magnetic capacitor Mcap unit 120. Figure 2 In [description], the Mcap unit 120 includes a first magnetic layer 121, a second magnetic layer 123, and a dielectric layer 122 disposed between the first magnetic layer 121 and the second magnetic layer 123. The dielectric layer 122 is used to store electrical energy. When storing electrical energy, the bipolar polarization directions of the first magnetic layer 121 and the second magnetic layer 123 are opposite to prevent electrical energy leakage.

[0051] The first magnetic layer 121 and the second magnetic layer 123 are permanent magnets.

[0052] Specifically, the first magnetic layer 121 includes a first magnetic region, a second magnetic region, and a first conduction region disposed between the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region. When the Mcap unit stores electrical energy, the bipolar polarization directions of the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are opposite. The first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are each a thin film.

[0053] The second magnetic layer 123 includes a third magnetic region, a fourth magnetic region, and a second conduction region disposed between the third magnetic region and the fourth magnetic region. When the magnetic capacitor unit stores electrical energy, the bipolar polarization directions of the third magnetic region and the fourth magnetic region are opposite. The third magnetic region and the fourth magnetic region are each a thin film.

[0054] In this embodiment, by adding an additional semi-permanent magnetic layer (i.e., the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer) around the Mcap, energy is stored in both the electric field of the Mcap and the magnetic field formed by the semi-permanent magnetic layer during charging, enabling the quantum battery 10 to have characteristics such as high energy storage density, long life, no memory effect, high-power output, and fast charge and discharge.

[0055] The quantum battery 10 may include multiple EMES units; the multiple EMES units can be connected in parallel, series, or parallel-series according to needs to provide different output voltages, currents, and power levels.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the quantum battery during charge and discharge. Assume that the quantum battery includes one EMES unit.

[0057] Among them, the first magnetic layer 121 and the second magnetic layer 123 of the EMES unit are respectively connected to the power management system 210 to form a first charge / discharge loop; the first electromagnetic layer 110 is connected to the power management system 210 through the top word line 140, and the second electromagnetic layer 130 is connected to the power management system 210 through the bottom word line 150 to form a second charge / discharge loop. The bottom word line 150 is located above the substrate 160.

[0058] During charging, the power management system 210 is equivalent to a power source. Through the first charging loop, the magnetic capacitance unit is charged, and the electric field strength stored in the magnetic capacitance unit increases. At the same time, through the second charging loop, the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130 are charged, and a magnetic field is formed between the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130. The current on the second charging loop will enhance the magnetic field strength. At the same time, due to the coupling effect, the increase in the electric field strength of the magnetic capacitance unit will also increase the magnetic field strength formed between the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130.

[0059] During discharging, the power management system 210 is equivalent to a load. Through the first discharging loop, the magnetic capacitance unit discharges, and the electric field strength stored in the magnetic capacitance unit weakens. At the same time, through the second discharging loop, the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130 discharge, and the magnetic field strength between the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130 weakens. The current on the second discharging loop will weaken the magnetic field strength. At the same time, due to the coupling effect, the weakening of the electric field strength of the magnetic capacitance unit will also further weaken the magnetic field strength formed between the first electromagnetic layer 110 and the second electromagnetic layer 130.

[0060] The principle schematic of the charge and discharge of the quantum battery is as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 shown. The sphere represents the electric field, and the compressed spring represents the magnetic field. Energy is stored in the magnetic field and the electric field. The electric field exists in the dielectric layer of the Mcap, and the magnetic field exists in the two electromagnetic layers.

[0061] Figure 4 Figure a in is the schematic diagram of the initial state without charging, and Figure b is the schematic diagram of the charging state. As the capacitor part of the EMES (i.e., the magnetic capacitance unit) is charged, the electric field strength increases. Due to the coupling effect of the quantum energy levels, the increase in the electric field strength will also lead to an increase in the magnetic field strength. As shown in Figure b of Figure 4 As the sphere strengthens (the electric field strength increases), the spring is compressed (the magnetic field strength also increases).

[0062] Figure 5Figure c shows the charged state of the EMES unit, and Figure d shows the discharging state. As the capacitor part (magnetic capacitance unit) of the EMES discharges, the electric field strength weakens. Due to the coupling effect of quantum energy levels, the weakening of the electric field strength also leads to the weakening of the magnetic field strength. As Figure 5 shown in Figure d, as the sphere pops out (weakening of the electric field strength), the spring relaxes (weakening of the magnetic field strength). Energy is released from the electric field (capacitor part of the EMES) and the magnetic field (magnetic field part of the EMES).

[0063] As Figure 6 shown, during the charging of the EMES unit, not only does the increase in the electric field strength lead to an increase in the magnetic field strength, but the current on the word line also increases the magnetic field strength of the EMES; during the discharging of the EMES unit, the magnetic field strength of the EMES will return to normal and generate a current on the word line in the opposite direction to that during charging.

[0064] Figure 7 Figure shows a schematic structure for charging and discharging a quantum battery composed of multiple EMES units.

[0065] The quantum battery includes multiple EMES units. The multiple EMES units are connected in parallel. The first electromagnetic layers 110 of all EMES units are connected through the top word line, and the second electromagnetic layers 130 are connected through the bottom word line. The top word line and the bottom word line are respectively connected to the power management system 210 to form a second charge / discharge circuit.

[0066] The first magnetic layers 121 of the magnetic capacitance units in all EMES units are connected through the second top word line, and the second magnetic layers 123 are connected through the second bottom word line. The second top word line and the second bottom word line are respectively connected to the power management system 210 to form a first charge / discharge circuit. (The above connection method Figure 7 is not shown).

[0067] Figure 8 Figure shows the discharge characteristics of the Mcap and EMES units. It can be seen that the voltage of the Mcap and EMES units during discharge cannot maintain a constant value like a general storage battery, but shows a trend of rapidly decreasing with the discharge time. Therefore, the quantum battery 10 is improved, as Figure 9 shown, relative Figure 1 to which a voltage regulation unit 200 is added.

[0068] The voltage regulation unit 200 generates an output power supply with a constant voltage according to the discharge voltage of the EMES unit. When the discharge voltage of the EMES unit is greater than the constant voltage, the voltage regulation unit steps down the discharge voltage. When the discharge voltage of the EMES unit is less than the constant voltage, the voltage regulation unit steps up the discharge voltage.

[0069] The voltage regulation unit 200 can be implemented by using an existing buck-boost converter.

[0070] By combining the voltage regulation unit 200 with the EMES unit 100, the situation of unstable output voltage (discharge voltage) of the EMES unit 100 can be overcome, and a constant voltage output can be provided to the required load.

[0071] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined according to needs. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-energy quantum battery, characterized in that, Comprising at least one electromagnetic energy storage (EMES) unit; The EMES unit includes: A first electromagnetic layer, a second electromagnetic layer, and a magnetic capacitor (Mcap) unit; The Mcap unit is disposed between the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer for storing electrical energy; The Mcap unit includes: A first magnetic layer; A second magnetic layer; A dielectric layer disposed between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer; the dielectric layer is used for storing electrical energy; The first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer are electromagnets for forming a magnetic field during charging, storing magnetic energy, and forming electromagnetic coupling with the Mcap unit.

2. The high-energy quantum battery according to claim 1, wherein: The first magnetic layer includes a first magnetic region, a second magnetic region, and a conduction region disposed between the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region; The second magnetic layer includes a third magnetic region, a fourth magnetic region, and a conduction region disposed between the third magnetic region and the fourth magnetic region; Wherein when the Mcap unit stores electrical energy, the bipolar polar directions of the first magnetic region and the second magnetic region are opposite, and the bipolar polar directions of the third magnetic region and the fourth magnetic region are opposite.

3. The high-energy quantum battery according to claim 2, wherein: The first magnetic region, the second magnetic region, the third magnetic region, and the fourth magnetic region are respectively a thin film.

4. The high-energy quantum battery according to claim 1, wherein: When charging the high-energy quantum battery, the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer are respectively coupled to a power source to form a first charging circuit; the first electromagnetic layer is connected to the power source through a top word line, and the second electromagnetic layer is connected to the power source through a bottom word line to form a second charging circuit; During charging, the power source charges the magnetic capacitor unit through the first charging circuit, and the electric field strength of the magnetic capacitor unit is enhanced; at the same time, through the second charging circuit, the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer are charged, and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field formed by the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer is enhanced; at the same time, due to the coupling effect, the increase in the electric field strength of the magnetic capacitor unit also further enhances the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field formed by the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer.

5. The high-energy quantum battery according to claim 1, wherein: When discharging the high-energy quantum battery, the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer are respectively coupled to a load to form a first discharge circuit; the first electromagnetic layer is coupled to the load through a top word line, and the second electromagnetic layer is coupled to the load through a bottom word line to form a second discharge circuit; During discharging, through the first discharging circuit, the magnetic capacitance unit discharges to the load, and the electric field intensity of the magnetic capacitance unit weakens; meanwhile, through the second discharging circuit, the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer discharge to the load, and the magnetic field intensity between the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer weakens; meanwhile, due to the coupling effect, the weakening of the electric field intensity of the magnetic capacitance unit also further weakens the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field formed between the first electromagnetic layer and the second electromagnetic layer.

6. The high-energy quantum battery according to claim 1, characterized in that Comprising a plurality of electromagnetic energy storage (EMES) units; the plurality of EMES units are connected in parallel, in series or in a parallel-series manner.

7. The high-energy quantum battery according to claim 1, wherein Further comprising: A voltage regulating unit, electrically connected to the EMES unit, and generating an output power supply with a fixed voltage according to the discharging voltage of the EMES unit; When the discharging voltage of the EMES unit is greater than the fixed voltage, the voltage regulating unit steps down the discharging voltage, and when the discharging voltage of the EMES unit is less than the fixed voltage, the voltage regulating unit steps up the discharging voltage.

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