A display panel, a display screen and a terminal device

Abstract

This application discloses a display panel, a display screen, and a terminal device. The display panel has a layered structure, which includes at least a substrate layer, a first electrode layer, a light-emitting layer, a second electrode layer, and an encapsulation layer. The first electrode layer is an anode layer or a cathode layer, and the second electrode layer corresponding to the first electrode layer is a cathode layer or an anode layer. The layered structure also includes conductive wires. The display surface of the display panel can be defined as including multiple first regions and multiple second regions. The light transmittance of the first regions is higher than that of the second regions. The first regions and / or the second regions are irregular. By changing the arrangement rules or display characteristics of the first regions and / or the second regions on the display panel, the first regions and / or the second regions are made irregular. This irregularity can reduce the intensity of diffraction when light passes through the display panel, which helps to improve the light-gathering effect of the optical sensing elements under the display panel and improve the imaging quality of the under-display camera.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel, display screen, and terminal device capable of reducing diffraction intensity. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of display technology, research and application of display panels that incorporate under-display optical components such as cameras are increasing. This means the display panel can be used for both image display and image capture by optical components like cameras. One widely used application is the full-screen design of mobile phones. In current mobile phone designs, to improve the user experience, designing the screen as a full-screen display has become a development trend. A full-screen display means that the entire screen can display images or text without the need for notches or punch-holes, which lack display functionality. The technology requires that cameras, optical sensors, and other optical components be hidden under part of the phone's display screen.

[0003] The technology of hiding optical sensors under the display screen has been applied to display products in recent years, such as under-display fingerprint sensors and proximity sensors. However, when optical components such as cameras and optical sensors collect light through the display screen, these components place high demands on the optical characteristics of the display screen. Hiding them under the screen still presents some problems, such as ghosting caused by the diffraction phenomenon when light passes through the display screen.

[0004] Therefore, for display panels used to house optical components such as cameras under the screen, such as the display screen in the camera area of ​​a full-screen mobile phone, how to reduce or avoid the phenomenon of diffraction and ghosting when optical components collect light has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the display design process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a display panel, display screen, and terminal device that reduce diffraction intensity. The display panel can reduce diffraction ghosting, thereby improving the shooting effect of the under-display camera.

[0006] The above and other objectives will be achieved through the features in the independent claims, and further implementation methods are shown in the dependent claims, the specification and the drawings.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a display panel with a layered structure. The layered structure includes at least a substrate layer, a first electrode layer, a light-emitting layer, a second electrode layer, and an encapsulation layer. The first electrode layer is an anode layer or a cathode layer, and the second electrode layer corresponding to the first electrode layer is a cathode layer or an anode layer. The layered structure also includes conductive wires. The display surface of the display panel can be positioned to include multiple first regions and multiple second regions. The light transmittance of the first regions is higher than that of the second regions. The first regions and / or the second regions are irregular.

[0008] Based on the above structure, the first and / or second regions of the display panel are irregular, which reduces the periodicity of the structure of the display panel to a certain extent, reduces the diffraction phenomenon when light passes through the display panel, and improves the imaging effect of the camera under the display panel.

[0009] According to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation of the display panel, the first region is a high-transmittance region, the high-transmittance region including an electrode-free region and / or a transparent electrode region, the second region is a low-transmittance region, the low-transmittance region including a pixel light-emitting region, and the high-transmittance region and the low-transmittance region are arranged alternately.

[0010] By defining the display surface of the display panel as multiple low-transmittance areas and multiple high-transmittance areas, and by changing the internal structure of the display panel to make the high-transmittance areas and / or low-transmittance areas irregular, the periodicity of the display panel structure can be reduced, and the diffraction phenomenon that occurs when light passes through the display panel can be reduced.

[0011] According to the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the display panel, the irregularity specifically refers to the distribution of at least one light-shielding block in the first region and / or the second region, wherein the light-shielding block has the characteristics of being opaque or having low light transmittance.

[0012] By adding light-shielding blocks in the first and / or second regions, periodicity in the display panel structure can be achieved simply and effectively. Specifically, the light-shielding blocks are formed within the layered structure of the display panel. They can be formed together with the electrode sheets during the fabrication of the first or second electrode layer, or they can be formed separately on the substrate layer or encapsulation layer, thus dispersing the light-shielding blocks within the first and / or second regions.

[0013] According to the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation of the display panel, the display panel includes a plurality of light-shielding blocks, and at least two light-shielding blocks have different shapes and / or areas.

[0014] By setting multiple light-shielding blocks, the effect of reducing diffraction in the display panel can be improved. Furthermore, these light-shielding blocks can be configured to have different shapes or unequal areas; by sacrificing approximately 5% of the light-transmitting area, a 30-40% reduction in diffraction intensity can be achieved, resulting in a significant improvement.

[0015] According to the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the display panel, the first region is a non-wire arrangement region and the second region is a wire arrangement region.

[0016] Because a display panel contains multiple conductive lines, most of which are made of materials with low light transmittance, the display surface can be defined as a non-conductive area and a conductive area, based on the distribution of the conductive lines. The non-conductive area has higher light transmittance than the conductive area. Furthermore, by making the non-conductive area and / or the conductive area irregular, the display panel's ability to reduce diffraction can be improved.

[0017] According to the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation of the display panel, the irregularity specifically refers to one or more wires being arranged irregularly.

[0018] By arranging one or more wires in an irregular pattern, it is easy to achieve irregularity in the non-wire arrangement area and / or the wire arrangement area. Experiments have verified that this arrangement can enable the display panel to achieve better diffraction reduction performance.

[0019] According to the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the sixth possible implementation of the display panel, the irregular arrangement includes: the conductors are composed of multiple bent line segments or the conductors are arranged in a curved pattern.

[0020] In terms of specific implementation, by setting the shape and / or position of the conductor within a certain period range (one or more pixel light-emitting areas), the diffraction intensity of the display panel can be reduced by 10-30%.

[0021] According to the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation of the display panel, the first region is a light-transmitting region, the second region is a pixel display region, and the light-transmitting region and the pixel display region are arranged alternately; wherein each pixel display region includes multiple sub-pixels.

[0022] According to the seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, in the eighth possible implementation of the display panel, at least two pixel display areas have different sub-pixels.

[0023] According to the eighth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the ninth possible implementation of the display panel, the sub-pixels of the at least two pixel display areas are different, specifically, the sub-pixel electrodes have different shapes, and / or different areas, and / or different positions.

[0024] By changing the shape or position of the sub-pixel electrodes between each pixel display area, the periodic arrangement of sub-pixels can be broken, thereby achieving a disordered arrangement of pixel display areas in the short or long range. By changing the size, shape, or position of the sub-pixel electrodes, the diffraction intensity of the display panel can be reduced by 20%-50%.

[0025] In a second aspect, a display screen is provided, including a first display area and a second display area, wherein the first display area includes a display panel provided by any of the implementations of the first aspect or above, the second display area is adjacent to the first display area, and the pixel arrangement of the second display area is different from that of the first display area.

[0026] Thirdly, a terminal device is provided, including the display screen provided in the second aspect, wherein an optical sensor device is placed under the display screen, including an under-display camera, an infrared emitter and receiver, an under-display fingerprint sensor, and a proximity light.

[0027] The display panel, display screen, and terminal device provided in this application embodiment can achieve disordered arrangement of the display panel in both short and long ranges by changing the arrangement rules of the light-transmitting area and / or the opaque area, thereby reducing the intensity of diffraction phenomenon, which helps to improve the light-gathering effect of the optical sensing unit under the display panel and improve the imaging quality of the under-display camera. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of diffraction on a display screen.

[0029] Figure 2A , 2B This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a diffraction phenomenon.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a display screen structure in the prior art;

[0031] Figures 4A-4C This is a schematic diagram of the layer structure of the display panel provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure between the display panel substrate layer and the adjacent electrode layer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figures 6A-6C This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the display panel without any opaque or low-transmittance blocks in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figures 7A-7D This is a schematic diagram of a display panel microstructure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 8A This is a schematic diagram illustrating another distribution of the display surface of a display panel in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 8B This is a schematic diagram of another display panel microstructure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another display panel microstructure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another display panel microstructure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 11 The schematic diagram of the process implementation of the display panel electrode provided in this application embodiment;

[0040] Figure 12 This application provides a schematic diagram of a display screen applicable to a terminal device. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar words used in this specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0042] The directional terms such as “left,” “right,” “up,” and “down” are defined relative to the orientation of the display panel shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts used for relative description and clarification, and they can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the display panel.

[0043] Diffraction, also known as propagation through a narrow channel, is an optical phenomenon in which light waves deviate from their original straight-line propagation when encountering an obstacle. In physics, waves bend and diverge to varying degrees after passing through obstacles such as slits, apertures, or disks. If an obstacle is placed between a light source and an observation screen, bright and dark areas will appear on the screen, with indistinct boundaries, forming a complex pattern of alternating light and dark areas. This phenomenon is diffraction. It can occur whenever a light wave encounters an obstacle in its propagation path. A similar effect also occurs when light waves pass through a medium with a non-uniform refractive index. However, the degree of diffraction varies in different situations. If the obstacle has multiple densely distributed pores, a more complex diffraction intensity distribution pattern will be created. This is because different parts of the wave propagate to the observer's position along different paths, resulting in wave superposition.

[0044] Next, through Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the phenomenon of diffraction. In one scenario, a laser emits a collimated laser beam. This collimated laser beam passes through a microstructured film (or an obstacle with micropores / slits). The light beam is then bent and diffused, resulting in diffraction. Figure 1 When a microstructured membrane with 3×3 arranged holes is formed, light is projected onto the screen in a divergent manner, forming a 3×3 light spot array (T0, T1, T2, T3, etc.), as shown in the figure. The 3×3 light spot array projected onto the projection screen exhibits obvious ghosting and blurring phenomena.

[0045] Furthermore, according to Figure 1 The definition of diffraction intensity is explained below. Based on the light spot array in the main view of the projection screen, the light spot intensity in the horizontal direction is T1, the light spot intensity in the vertical direction is T2, and the light spot intensity at a 45-degree angle is T3. The percentage of the light spot intensity in each direction to the light spot intensity of the central bright spot T0 is the diffraction intensity in that direction. That is, the diffraction intensity in the horizontal direction is T1 / T0*100%, the diffraction intensity in the vertical direction is T2 / T0*100%, and the diffraction intensity at a 45-degree angle is T3 / T0*100%.

[0046] For optical components (such as cameras and optical sensors) located under the display panel, during light collection, due to the physical structure of the display panel (the display panel contains light-shielding areas such as wires, anode materials, and cathode materials), the aforementioned diffraction phenomenon occurs when external light passes through the display panel, causing ghosting in the external image information obtained by the optical components. For example, as shown in Figure 2... Figure 2AAs an external image, when optical components collect light, the light undergoes diffraction after passing through the display panel, resulting in an image captured by the optical components that is... Figure 2B The image shown is either a ghosted or blurred image.

[0047] To improve the light-gathering effect of optical components under the display panel, existing technologies include designs that reduce the pixel density of the display screen area where the camera is located. For example, in patent CN208271493U... Figure 3 As shown, the display screen includes a first pixel region 100 and a second pixel region 200. The circular area in the first pixel region 100 is used to mount optical sensing units such as cameras below the screen, while the second pixel region 200 is used for conventional screen display functions. The first pixel region 100 has a lower pixel density than the second pixel region 200 and includes only white pixels. There are no circuit traces in the area corresponding to the camera, and the circuit traces 300 are arranged within the first pixel region 100, avoiding the circular area, thereby reducing the diffraction intensity of light when the camera receives light and improving light transmittance. However, the display function of the first pixel region 100 in this solution is very limited, resulting in poor display quality and affecting the user's visual experience. Furthermore, the display function of the central circular area within the first pixel region 100 is further weakened due to the lack of wiring; when the display screen displays an image, this central circular area forms a "color dot," affecting the overall display effect.

[0048] This application provides a display panel that can reduce diffraction intensity, thereby improving the light-gathering effect of the optical sensing unit under the display panel, while also taking into account the display effect of the display panel.

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0050] The display panel proposed in this application is mainly in the form of organic light-emitting diode (OLED). The technical solution provided in this embodiment is illustrated using a vapor-deposited OLED transparent display screen as an example. The technical solution provided in this embodiment is also applicable to various displays such as mini light-emitting diode (Mini LED), micro light-emitting diode (MicroLED), and quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED).

[0051] The OLED display panel provided in this embodiment of the application has a layered structure as follows: Figure 4A As shown, from the bottom layer, the structure includes a substrate layer, an electrode layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, another electrode layer, and an encapsulation layer. The hole transport layer and electron transport layer are not essential; the display panel only needs the substrate layer, electrode layer, light-emitting layer, electrode layer, and encapsulation layer arranged sequentially to achieve the light-emitting function.

[0052] Next, combined Figure 4A This section explains the working principle of OLED display panels. The bottom substrate layer can be made of transparent plastic, glass, or metal foil, and serves to support the entire OLED. The electrode layer superimposed on the substrate layer can be an anode layer; this anode layer can be a metal layer or a metal oxide layer. The material used to form the anode is typically ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), an N-type oxide semiconductor. From a light transmittance perspective, the electrode layer can be transparent or opaque. The working principle is that the anode layer eliminates electrons and increases electron "holes" when current flows through it. The hole transport layer superimposed on the anode layer is composed of organic material molecules, which transport the "holes" from the anode. The light-emitting layer superimposed on the hole transport layer is also composed of organic material molecules, and the light emission process takes place in this layer. The electron transport layer superimposed on the light-emitting layer is also composed of organic material molecules, and these organic material molecules transport "electrons" from the cathode. The cathode layer (which can be transparent or opaque, depending on the OLED type) is superimposed on the electron transport layer. When current flows through the cathode layer, electrons are injected into the circuit; that is, electrons enter the electron transport layer. Electrons in the electron transport layer and holes in the hole transport layer then combine and are eliminated in the light-emitting layer. This process constitutes light emission. For a schematic diagram of the current path formed between the layers of an OLED display panel when excited by current, see [link to diagram]. Figure 4B As shown.

[0053] OLEDs can be categorized by driving method and component stacking method into Passive Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode (PMOLED) and Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED). Based on manufacturing process, OLED devices are divided into vacuum deposition and printed OLEDs. By substrate and encapsulation method, they are classified as rigid OLEDs and flexible OLEDs. Furthermore, based on component stacking, OLEDs can be categorized into those where red, green, and blue components are stacked together to form white light, or those where red, green, and blue components are dispersed. The display panel provided in this application embodiment can be used in all of the above-mentioned types of OLEDs.

[0054] Another optional layered structure for the OLED provided in this embodiment can also be as follows: Figure 4C As shown, from the bottom layer, the layers are stacked as follows: an indium oxytocin (ITO) metal anode layer, a hole injection layer, a buffer layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, a cathode layer, and an encapsulation layer. Its working principle is similar to... Figure 4B The described working principles are consistent. Figure 4C In the provided OLED layered structure, relative to Figure 4A It adds an electron injection layer, a hole injection layer, and a buffer layer. The electron injection layer and the hole injection layer are designed to reduce the potential barrier for injecting electrons from the cathode and the potential barrier for injecting holes from the anode, respectively, so that electrons and holes can enter the light-emitting layer more effectively for combination and elimination, thereby improving the luminous efficiency.

[0055] What is understandable is that Figures 4A-4C This is just a schematic illustration of the layered structure of OLEDs. Depending on the specific type, OLEDs may also include other types of layered structures, which will not be elaborated here.

[0056] For the OLED provided in the embodiments of this application, the structure between its substrate layer and the adjacent electrode layer can be adopted as follows: Figure 5The diagram shows a layered design structure. The substrate layer includes a base layer and an insulating layer. The base layer provides the substrate support for the entire OLED. An insulating layer is disposed on the base layer, containing conductive lines. A bottom electrode and a functional film are stacked on the insulating layer. The functional film separates the bottom electrode and provides space for it. The functional film and the bottom electrode are on the same layer, which constitutes the electrode layer of the OLED. The conductive lines distributed within the insulating layer connect to the bottom electrode of the electrode layer (the other end of the conductive lines connects to electrodes on other layers, such as...). Figure 4B As shown, a current is formed between the bottom electrode and the electrodes of other layers, which drives the OLED, thereby enabling the OLED to emit light.

[0057] Based on the above introduction to the interlayer structure and types of OLEDs, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application will be further explained below.

[0058] Embodiment 1 of this application provides a technical solution for adding opaque or low-transmittance blocks to the light-transmitting area of ​​a display screen. By breaking the periodic arrangement rule of the light-transmitting area of ​​the display screen in a certain direction, the diffraction intensity in that direction can be reduced.

[0059] Embodiment 1 of this application provides an OLED structure. By adding opaque or low-transmittance blocks to this OLED structure, a low-diffraction-intensity OLED display is formed. Before adding the opaque or low-transmittance blocks, this OLED structure, such as... Figure 6A As shown, the outer layer of the OLED encapsulation layer is the display surface of the OLED. Figure 6B Further explanation of the display surface is provided. Figure 6B In the middle, the display surface includes multiple high-transmittance areas 1 and multiple low-transmittance areas 2 ( Figure 6B The dashed lines in the diagram do not exist in the actual structure; they are only used for illustration and to divide the panel area. The low-transmittance area 2 corresponds to an OLED containing three sub-pixel areas 3: red (R), green (G), and blue (B). The microstructure of the display surface is as follows: Figure 6C As shown.

[0060] To reduce diffraction intensity and improve the imaging effect of the under-display camera, Embodiment 1 of this application provides a plurality of dispersed light-shielding blocks 4 within the high-transmittance area 1, wherein the light-shielding blocks 4 are non-transparent or low-transmittance blocks, such as... Figure 7A , 7B As shown, a light-shielding block 4 is distributed in some high-transmittance areas 1 or in each high-transmittance area 1. Two or more light-shielding blocks 4 can also be set in each high-transmittance area 1. In this embodiment, there is no specific limitation on the number of light-shielding blocks 4 corresponding to each high-transmittance area 1.

[0061] The light-shielding block 4 can be implemented using an electrode layer or other opaque layers. Specifically, the light-shielding block can be formed when the electrode layer is formed; or it can be formed when other opaque layers are formed.

[0062] Furthermore, the multiple light-blocking blocks 4 can be graphics with the same or different shapes and the same or different areas, which serve to construct the irregularity of the high-transmittance area 1 and the low-transmittance area 2.

[0063] Next, the specific principle of reducing diffraction intensity by arranging the blocking block 4 will be explained. Diffraction occurs when light passes through a periodic microstructure. By introducing perturbations to break the periodicity of the microstructure, the diffraction intensity can be effectively reduced. The low-transmittance region 2, comprising the three sub-pixel regions 3 (R, G, B), and the high-transmittance region 1, excluding the low-transmittance region 2, form a repetitive arrangement in various directions (vertical / horizontal / diagonal). This strong periodic repetition causes strong diffraction when light passes through the OLED. To reduce the diffraction intensity in the horizontal direction, blocking blocks 4, consisting of opaque or low-transmittance microstructures of varying sizes, are introduced in the horizontal direction. Figure 7A As shown, this can disrupt the strictly periodic repeating units in the horizontal direction. Similarly, by introducing light-shielding blocks 4 of opaque or low-transmittance microstructures of inconsistent sizes in different directions, such as... Figures 7B-7D As shown, the periodic repeating units in different directions can be destroyed, thereby reducing the diffraction intensity in different directions.

[0064] The specific shape, size, and precise placement of the light-shielding block 4 can be constrained according to the actual needs of the OLED product, and an optimal value for the system can be found through optimization algorithms.

[0065] Specifically, regarding the effect of adding light-shielding block 4 on reducing the diffraction intensity of the OLED, based on Figure 6C The OLED shown, after adding a light-shielding block 4, yields... Figure 7A The OLED shown. Comparison using laboratory data, for... Figure 6C The corresponding OLED display has a diffraction intensity of 7.8% for light with a wavelength of 550nm; after adding a light-blocking block 4 in the horizontal direction of the light-transmitting area, the corresponding... Figure 7A The OLED shown sacrifices about 5% of the light-transmitting area, but achieves a 30-40% reduction in diffraction intensity.

[0066] Embodiment 2 of this application provides a technical solution for changing the routing position and shape of a conductor. By changing the routing position and shape of the conductor, the periodic arrangement rule of the light-transmitting or opaque areas of the display screen is broken, thereby reducing the diffraction intensity.

[0067] See Figure 8AOLED displays are divided into non-conductive region 1 and conductive region 2 (i.e., the region where conductive lines are distributed); the conductive region is opaque or semi-transparent; the light transmittance of non-conductive region 1 is higher than that of conductive region 2. Figure 8A The conductive lines in the provided OLEDs are periodically distributed, meaning that the position and shape of the conductive lines are identical in each pixel region of the OLED. This regular distribution also easily causes diffraction problems, with the diffraction intensity generally being highest along the periodic arrangement direction of the conductive lines. Figure 8A In this context, since the conductor's layout repeats vertically, the main diffraction occurs in the vertical direction. To eliminate diffraction in this direction, conductor region 2 can be set as an angled straight line or curve, see [reference needed]. Figure 8B Provided that the electrical connections of the OLED display are usable, the vertical diffraction intensity can be reduced by 10-30% by setting the shape and position of the conductors within a certain period (one or more pixels) along the diffraction direction. The shape of the conductors can be straight, curved, wavy, etc.

[0068] Embodiment 3 of this application provides a technical solution for changing the arrangement of high-transmittance areas 1 and low-transmittance areas 2 in adjacent rows and columns of an OLED display. By changing the relative positions of high-transmittance areas 1 and low-transmittance areas 2 in adjacent rows of the OLED display, the regularity of high-transmittance areas 1 and low-transmittance areas 2 in both row and column dimensions of the display is broken, thereby reducing the diffraction intensity in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0069] Specifically, when achieving the staggered arrangement of high-transmittance area 1 and low-transmittance area 2, the processing tolerances of each film layer need to be considered. This can be achieved by modifying the design of the FMM (fine mask) or moving the FMM multiple times. Figure 9 As shown, this can reduce diffraction intensity. This alteration of adjacent rows can be implemented in all pixel areas or in some pixel areas, such as inserting one or more rows of staggered pixels every two or more rows. When the light-transmitting area of ​​adjacent rows is moved by 60% of the unit length, taking light with a wavelength of 550nm as an example, the diffraction intensity can be reduced to 2.6% when it passes through the OLED display. Furthermore, by staggering the high-transmittance area 1 and the low-transmittance area 2, the diffraction intensity of the OLED display can be reduced by 40% to 60%.

[0070] Embodiment 4 of this application provides a scheme for changing the size, position, and shape of sub-pixel electrodes within an OLED display. By changing the size, position, and shape of the sub-pixel electrodes, an irregular arrangement of the high-transmittance region 1 and the low-transmittance region 2 of the display can be achieved, thereby reducing the diffraction intensity of the OLED display. Figure 10As shown, the positions of the R, G, and B sub-pixels in adjacent rows are different. Similarly, the size and / or shape and / or position of the R, G, and B sub-pixels in different low-transmittance regions 2 can be changed, which can also break the regularity of the arrangement of the low-transmittance regions 2. Based on laboratory test data, the scheme provided in Example 4 can achieve a reduction in diffraction intensity of 20% to 50%.

[0071] Specifically, in terms of manufacturing process, for the three sub-pixels (R, G, B) included in an OLED pixel, the light-emitting area of ​​each sub-pixel is determined by the pixel definition layer (PDL); such as Figure 11 As shown, by simultaneously reducing the opening area of ​​the PDL and the pixel electrode, and ensuring that the edge of the PDL completely covers the edge of the pixel electrode, the electrode position, size, and shape of adjacent pixels can all be changed.

[0072] In practical applications, displays are generally used in terminal devices. This application also provides an OLED display suitable for use in terminal devices.

[0073] OLED displays can simultaneously accommodate multiple under-display optical sensors, such as near-infrared light receivers (LightSourcer) and emitters (TOF, structured light), visible light cameras, under-display fingerprint sensors, ambient light sensors, proximity sensors, etc. Based on the different transmittance and diffraction requirements of various optical sensors (e.g., near-infrared sensors only focus on a specific near-infrared wavelength range, while visible light cameras focus on the visible light wavelength range), different irregular arrangements of transparent or opaque areas are set in the display area projected directly above each optical sensor. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the OLED display is divided into three regions, A, B, and C. For example, region A is used to house a visible light camera under the screen, employing a pixel arrangement optimized for low diffraction efficiency within the visible light range; region B is used to house a near-infrared light receiver under the screen, employing a pixel arrangement optimized for low diffraction efficiency within the corresponding wavelength range of infrared light; and region C is used to house an ambient light sensor under the screen, employing a pixel arrangement optimized for low diffraction efficiency within the corresponding wavelength range of ambient light. This allows for maximum optimization of the optical parameters of each under-screen optical sensor as needed, achieving the optimal display structure for integrated under-screen sensors.

[0074] In this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. The character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0075] It should be understood that the above description is a specific embodiment of this application, and the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. The transparent screen described above can also be implemented in other equivalent ways. For example, the transparent screen shown in the above structural diagram is only one logical function division, and in specific implementation, there can be other physical division methods, such as multiple logical modules being embodied in one physical module, or one logical module being split into multiple physical modules. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art should all fall within the technical scope disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A display panel having a layered structure, the layered structure comprising at least a substrate layer, a first electrode layer, a light-emitting layer, a second electrode layer, and an encapsulation layer, wherein the first electrode layer is an anode layer or a cathode layer, the second electrode layer corresponding to the first electrode layer is a cathode layer or an anode layer, and the layered structure further comprising conductive lines. Its features are, The display surface of the display panel is defined as including multiple first areas and multiple second areas, wherein the light transmittance of the first areas is higher than that of the second areas, and the first areas and / or the second areas are irregular. The first region contains light-shielding blocks, which are opaque or have low light transmittance. The display panel contains multiple light-shielding blocks, and the size of the light-shielding blocks in different directions is different. At least two of the light-shielding blocks have different shapes and / or areas. The light-shielding blocks are formed within the layered structure of the display panel. They are formed together with the electrode sheets when the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer is manufactured, or they are formed separately on the substrate layer or the encapsulation layer.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first region is a high-transmittance region, which includes an electrode-free region and / or a transparent electrode region. The second region is a low-transmittance region, which includes the pixel light-emitting region. The high-transmittance area and the low-transmittance area are arranged alternately.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first region is a non-wire arrangement region, and the second region is a wire arrangement region.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The irregularity specifically refers to the irregular arrangement of one or more conductors.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The irregular arrangement includes: the conductor is composed of multiple bent segments, or the conductor is arranged in a curve.

6. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first region is a light-transmitting region, and the second region is a pixel display region, with the light-transmitting region and the pixel display region arranged alternately; wherein each pixel display region includes multiple sub-pixels.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least two pixel display areas have different sub-pixels.

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The at least two pixel display areas have different sub-pixels, specifically, the sub-pixel electrodes have different shapes, and / or different areas, and / or different positions.

9. A display screen, characterized in that, It includes a first display area and a second display area, wherein the first display area includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1-8, the second display area is adjacent to the first display area, and the pixel arrangement of the second display area is different from that of the first display area.

10. A terminal device, characterized in that, The display screen as described in claim 9 includes a camera, an ultraviolet sensor, a visible light sensor, an infrared sensor, an ambient light sensor, a proximity sensor, a 3D sensor, and / or a fingerprint recognition sensor placed under the display screen.

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