Photovoltaic module, photovoltaic system and method for preparing photovoltaic module

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic system and a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, which relate to the field of photovoltaic manufacturing technology, in order to solve the problem of instability of the colored part of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes a light-transmitting plate, a first encapsulation layer, a battery encapsulation layer and a back plate stacked in sequence; a color carrier layer with color and / or pattern is encapsulated in the first encapsulation layer, and the color carrier layer is provided with hollow holes for light transmission. Since an integral color carrier layer is used as a structure for carrying color and / or pattern, and the color carrier layer is wrapped in the first encapsulation layer, the color carrier layer is structurally stable under the protection of the first encapsulation layer, and during lamination, there will be no change in structure and position, thereby improving the stability and consistency of the colored part of the photovoltaic module during the preparation process of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic system includes the photovoltaic module, and the preparation method of the photovoltaic module pre-shapes the first encapsulation layer with the color carrier layer, and then performs lamination to obtain the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic component, a photovoltaic system and a method for preparing the photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing requirements for the appearance of photovoltaic modules, such as color or pattern, colored photovoltaic modules have begun to be widely used.

[0003] Photovoltaic modules primarily consist of a light-transmitting panel, cells, and a backplane. Colored photovoltaic modules achieve color primarily through colored light-transmitting panels, cells, films, or backplanes. For example, prior art discloses a high-transmittance color photovoltaic module that incorporates a color layer within a transparent adhesive layer and then utilizes conventional photovoltaic module lamination processes to manufacture the module. The color layer is an interference-type pearlescent powder layer. However, during the lamination process, the transparent adhesive layer melts, making it difficult to maintain the original structure and position of the color layer, resulting in inconsistent product appearance.

[0004] In summary, how to solve the problem of unstable color part of color photovoltaic modules has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic system and a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, so as to improve the stability and consistency of the colored part of the photovoltaic module during the photovoltaic module preparation process.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module comprising a light-transmitting plate, a first encapsulation layer, a battery encapsulation layer and a back plate stacked in sequence; a color carrier layer with color and / or pattern is encapsulated in the first encapsulation layer, and the color carrier layer is provided with hollow holes for light transmission.

[0007] When the above technical solution is adopted, the photovoltaic module is provided with a first packaging layer between the light-transmitting plate and the battery packaging layer. The first packaging layer is wrapped with a color carrier layer, and the color carrier layer has a color and / or pattern, that is, the color and / or pattern is carried by a whole piece of color carrier layer. Hollow holes are arranged on the color carrier layer to allow light to pass through. Since an integral color carrier layer is used as a structure for carrying color and / or pattern, and the color carrier layer is wrapped in the first packaging layer, the color carrier layer is structurally stable under the protection of the first packaging layer. Compared with the existing method of introducing an interference-type pearlescent powder layer as a color layer in a transparent adhesive layer and then adopting a lamination preparation process to prepare the module, when the photovoltaic module of the present invention is laminated, the color carrier cloth layer in the first packaging layer will not change in structure and position, and the original structure and position are maintained. In addition, the color and / or pattern of the color carrier layer itself is stable. Therefore, the stability and consistency of the colored part of the photovoltaic module during the photovoltaic module preparation process are improved.

[0008] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic assembly, the material of the color carrier layer is any one or more combinations of non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics, and plastic sheets.

[0009] With this arrangement, since the non-woven fabric, woven fabric and plastic sheet are all an integral structure, a stable carrier can be provided for the color and / or pattern, which is wrapped and encapsulated in the first encapsulation layer, further improving the stability of its structure, color and pattern.

[0010] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic assembly, the non-woven fabric is made of colored transparent fibers; or the woven fabric is woven from colored transparent fibers.

[0011] With this arrangement, the color of the non-woven or woven fabric is presented through transparent fibers with their own colors. The colors and patterns are not easily damaged and remain longer-lasting, thereby further improving the stability of the color part of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic module, the transparent fiber is one or a combination of transparent inorganic fiber and transparent organic fiber.

[0013] Such an arrangement can improve the weather resistance of the non-woven fabric or woven fabric, making it less likely to deteriorate or be damaged.

[0014] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic module, the first encapsulation layer encapsulates the color carrier layer by wrapping it with a transparent resin.

[0015] With such an arrangement, the transparent resin can improve the bonding strength between the two sides of the first encapsulation layer and the light-transmitting plate and the battery encapsulation layer respectively. The transparent resin has high light transmittance, which is beneficial to the transmission of light and the presentation of color.

[0016] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic module, the first encapsulation layer is a prefabricated structure, and the transparent resins on both sides of the first encapsulation layer are fixed to the light-transmitting plate and the battery encapsulation layer respectively by lamination.

[0017] In this way, the first packaging layer with a prefabricated structure can pre-encapsulate and shape the color carrier layer, and will not affect the structure and position of the color carrier layer during the subsequent lamination process. The first packaging layer is further solidified by lamination, further ensuring the stability and consistency of the color and / or pattern of the photovoltaic module.

[0018] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic module, the transparent resin is a UV-curable and / or heat-curable resin material.

[0019] Such an arrangement enables the transparent resin to be cured quickly with high curing strength.

[0020] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic module, the resin material is any one or more combinations of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyether resin, polyester resin and silicone resin, all of which are modified with acrylic acid.

[0021] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic assembly, the hollow holes of the color carrier layer are arranged in an array.

[0022] Such an arrangement ensures that the hollow holes are arranged regularly and the structures of the photovoltaic modules are highly consistent.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a photovoltaic system comprising any of the photovoltaic modules mentioned above. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module system provided by the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the photovoltaic modules of the above technical solutions, and will not be further described here.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0025] A first encapsulation layer having a color carrier layer is pre-shaped, the color carrier layer having color and / or pattern, and the color carrier layer is provided with hollow holes for light transmission;

[0026] The light-transmitting plate, the first encapsulation layer, the battery encapsulation layer and the back plate stacked in sequence are laminated to obtain a photovoltaic module.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the method for preparing the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention are the same as the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module of the above technical solution, and are not described in detail here.

[0028] Optionally, in the above-mentioned method for preparing a photovoltaic module, pre-shaping the first encapsulation layer having a color carrier layer specifically comprises the steps of:

[0029] Immersing the color carrier layer in transparent resin;

[0030] The soaked color carrier layer is taken out, and the transparent resin is solidified to wrap the shaped color carrier layer to obtain a first encapsulation layer.

[0031] With this arrangement, during lamination, the transparent resin can improve the bonding strength between the two sides of the first packaging layer and the light-transmitting plate and the battery packaging layer, making it less likely to delaminate or fall off. On the other hand, the transparent resin has high light transmittance, which is beneficial to the transmission of light and the presentation of color.

[0032] Optionally, in the above-mentioned method for preparing photovoltaic modules, after wrapping the shaped color carrier layer with the transparent resin after solidification, the step is further included: coating the surface of the shaped color carrier layer with transparent resin N times, and continuing to coat the next transparent resin after the transparent resin is solidified after each coating, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0033] Such an arrangement can further improve the encapsulation effect of the first encapsulation layer, protect the structural stability of the color carrier layer, and meet the requirements of thickness and bonding strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a first encapsulation layer of a photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a color carrier layer of a first encapsulation layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of step S100 of a method for preparing a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 1-light-transmitting plate, 2-first encapsulation layer, 21-transparent resin, 22-color carrier layer, 221-hollow hole, 3-battery encapsulation layer, 31-power generation unit, 4-back plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and may encompass internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0047] In the photovoltaic field, photovoltaic modules are a crucial component of photovoltaic power generation systems. These modules primarily consist of a light-transmitting panel, photovoltaic cells, and a backsheet. The photovoltaic cells are positioned between the light-transmitting panel and the backsheet, which support and secure the cells. Sunlight passes through the light-transmitting panel and enters the photovoltaic cells, where it converts light into electricity. Currently, with China's focus on developing green buildings, photovoltaic building-integrated products (BIPVs) that integrate photovoltaic modules with buildings are becoming a trend. For example, building facades often require products with different colors or patterns. This has led to the emergence of colored photovoltaic modules, which are applied to building exteriors. Of course, these modules can also be used in other areas, such as photovoltaic generators and road infrastructure renovation, and are not limited to the scenarios and fields listed in this invention. Existing methods for achieving color in colored photovoltaic modules primarily utilize colored light-transmitting panels, colored cells, colored adhesive films, or colored backsheets. For example, prior art discloses a highly transparent colored photovoltaic module that incorporates a color layer within a transparent adhesive layer and is then manufactured using conventional photovoltaic module lamination processes. The color layer is an interference-type pearlescent powder layer. However, during the lamination process, the transparent adhesive layer will melt, making it difficult to ensure the structure and position of the original color layer, resulting in inconsistencies in the appearance of the product and unstable color parts of the color photovoltaic modules.

[0048] In view of this, to solve the above problems, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a light-transmitting plate 1, a first encapsulation layer 2, a battery encapsulation layer 3 and a back plate 4 stacked in sequence. Figure 1 The illustrated arrangement is used as an example. From top to bottom, the light-transmitting plate 1, first encapsulation layer 2, battery encapsulation layer 3, and backsheet 4 are arranged, each layer being fixed to form a single unit. A color carrier layer 22 having a color and / or pattern is encapsulated within the first encapsulation layer 2. Specifically, a single piece of color carrier layer 22 is encapsulated and fixed within the first encapsulation layer 2. This color carrier layer 22 serves as a carrier for the color and / or pattern and is provided with perforations 221 for light transmission.

[0049] The photovoltaic module's color is achieved through the color carrier layer 22 in the first encapsulation layer 2. The color and / or pattern of the color carrier layer 22 can be displayed through the first encapsulation layer 2 and the light-transmitting plate 1. During use, sunlight enters the battery encapsulation layer 3 through the hollow holes 221 in the light-transmitting plate 1 and the color carrier layer 22. The power generation units 31 in the battery encapsulation layer 3 perform photoelectric conversion to generate electricity, while the backsheet 4 serves as support and protection for the photovoltaic module.

[0050] It can be seen from the above structure and implementation process that since the photovoltaic module sets a first packaging layer 2 between the light-transmitting plate 1 and the battery packaging layer 3, and adopts an integral color carrier layer 22 as a structure for carrying color and / or pattern, the color carrier layer 22 is wrapped in the first packaging layer 2, and the color carrier layer 22 is structurally stable under the protection of the first packaging layer 2. Compared with the existing method of introducing an interference-type pearlescent powder layer as a color layer in the transparent adhesive layer and then adopting a lamination preparation process to prepare the module, when the photovoltaic module in the present invention is laminated, the integral color carrier layer 22 in the first packaging layer 2 will not change in structure and position, and the original structure and position are maintained, and the color and / or pattern of the color carrier layer 22 itself is stable, thereby improving the stability and consistency of the colored part of the photovoltaic module during the preparation process of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the material of the color carrier layer 22 is any one or more combinations of non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics, and plastic sheets. That is, the color carrier layer 22 can be a piece of non-woven fabric, a piece of woven fabric, or a piece of plastic sheet, or any combination of the three. Since the non-woven fabric, woven fabric, and plastic sheet are all an integral structure and can carry colors and / or patterns, the structure is stable. Therefore, a stable carrier can be provided for the colors and / or patterns. Wrapping and encapsulating it in the first encapsulation layer 2 further improves the stability of its structure, color, and pattern. Of course, the color carrier layer 22 can also be other integral materials that can carry colors and / or patterns, and is not limited to the materials listed in this embodiment.

[0052] In addition, prior art discloses a method for producing colored photovoltaic modules, which achieves color by applying a colored glaze layer on the back of a light-transmitting plate. However, the bond between the glaze layer and the light-transmitting plate is not very secure, and scratches are easily formed during actual production, resulting in cosmetic defects in the colored modules. Furthermore, the adhesion between the glaze layer and the encapsulating film is poor, resulting in delamination or peeling.

[0053] In view of this, in order to solve the problem of poor adhesion between the glaze layer and the light-transmitting plate and the packaging film, the embodiment of the present invention also provides the following solution. Figure 2As shown, the first encapsulation layer 2 is encapsulated by a transparent resin 21 around the color carrier layer 22. Specifically, the transparent resin 21 encapsulates and shapes the color carrier layer 22. This arrangement, when laminated with the light-transmitting plate 1, the battery encapsulation layer 3, and the backsheet 4, enhances the bonding strength between the first encapsulation layer 2 and both surfaces of the light-transmitting plate 1 and the battery encapsulation layer 3. Compared to existing methods of bonding the first encapsulation layer 2 to the light-transmitting plate via a glaze layer, the photovoltaic module of the present invention is bonded to the light-transmitting plate 1 and the battery encapsulation layer 3 via the transparent resin 21, improving bonding strength and preventing delamination or detachment. Furthermore, the transparent resin 21 has high light transmittance, facilitating light transmission and color rendering. Furthermore, the transparent resin 21 fully infiltrates the color carrier layer, penetrating the pores 221 of the color carrier layer 22 in its liquid state. This enhances the encapsulation and shaping of the color carrier layer 22, ensuring the stability and consistency of the structure and position of the color carrier layer 22 during the photovoltaic module manufacturing process.

[0054] Of course, the first encapsulation layer 2 can also be made of other materials to encapsulate and shape the color carrier layer 22, such as transparent colloid, rubber, glass, etc. As long as the color carrier layer 22 can be encapsulated and shaped, the materials listed in this embodiment are not limited.

[0055] As a possible implementation, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the first encapsulation layer 2 is a prefabricated structure. Specifically, the color carrier layer 22 is first individually wrapped, encapsulated, and shaped to obtain a prefabricated first encapsulation layer 2. The prefabricated first encapsulation layer 2 is then placed between the battery encapsulation layer 3 and the light-transmitting plate 1. The backsheet 4, battery encapsulation layer 3, first encapsulation layer 2, and light-transmitting plate 1 are laminated and secured together through a lamination process.

[0056] For example, the first encapsulation layer 2 is encapsulated by wrapping a shaped color carrier layer 22 with a transparent resin 21. The color carrier layer 22 is immersed in the transparent resin 21, which then encapsulates it. After the transparent resin 21 solidifies, a separate, removable prefabricated structure is formed. To further encapsulate the color carrier layer 22, the solidified transparent resin 21 can be coated with another layer of transparent resin 21, and then allowed to solidify again. This process can be repeated as needed, resulting in a first encapsulation layer 2 that meets the required thickness and bonding strength.

[0057] Since the first packaging layer 2 using a prefabricated structure can pre-encapsulate and shape the color carrier layer 22, the structure and position of the color carrier layer 22 will not be affected during the subsequent lamination process. The first packaging layer 2 is further solidified through lamination, further ensuring the stability and consistency of the color and / or pattern of the photovoltaic module during the photovoltaic module preparation process.

[0058] Of course, the first encapsulation layer 2 can also be formed without a prefabricated structure. Instead, the color carrier layer 22 can be directly placed on the battery encapsulation layer 3, and then the color carrier layer 22 is encapsulated and shaped on the battery encapsulation layer 3 to form the first encapsulation layer 2. Finally, the light-transmitting plate 1, the first encapsulation layer 2, the battery encapsulation layer 3, and the backsheet 4 are laminated. While the structural stability of the encapsulated and shaped color carrier layer 22 is not as good as that of a prefabricated structure, compared to existing technologies, it can improve the structural stability and consistency of the colored portion during the production process.

[0059] As an optimization, in this embodiment, the transparent resin is a resin material that can be cured by ultraviolet light and / or heat-cured. Among them, the ultraviolet light-curable resin material can be cured under ultraviolet light irradiation, has a fast curing speed, and has high strength after curing. The heat-curable resin material can be cured after being heated, and also has a fast curing speed and high strength after curing. The resin material with dual curing capabilities of ultraviolet light curing and heat curing can be cured under ultraviolet light irradiation, can be cured after being heated, and can also be cured under ultraviolet light irradiation and heat conditions at the same time, thereby increasing the curing pathways, and curing under ultraviolet light irradiation and heat conditions further increases the curing speed.

[0060] Specifically, the present embodiment provides several UV-curable and / or heat-curable resin materials, which can be any one or more combinations of epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polyether resins, polyester resins, and silicone resins that have all been modified with acrylic acid. That is, the resin material is any one or more combinations of acrylic acid-modified epoxy resins, acrylic acid-modified polyurethane resins, acrylic acid-modified polyether resins, acrylic acid-modified polyester resins, and acrylic acid-modified silicone resins. For example, the color carrier layer 22 is soaked in any one or more combinations of the above resin materials, and after curing, the resin material is coated once or multiple times. The resin materials coated each time can be the same or different, and the thickness of each coating is determined according to the different resin materials. Generally, the thickness of each coating is not more than 50 μm. The thickness of the first encapsulation layer 2 finally obtained is 50 μm-500 μm. Of course, the resin material is not limited to the materials listed in this embodiment.

[0061] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the hollow holes 221 of the color carrier layer 22 are arranged in an array. Specifically, the array can be a regular array such as a rectangular array or a center-radial array, which ensures high structural consistency among the photovoltaic modules. Of course, the hollow holes 221 can be arranged irregularly. The shape of the hollow holes 221 can be polygonal, circular, elliptical, or irregular. By varying the array arrangement and the shape of the hollow holes 221, the structure of the color carrier layer 22 can be changed. The layout and shape of the hollow holes 221 can also be used to create different patterns on the photovoltaic modules. Of course, the pattern of the photovoltaic module can also be reflected through the different colors on the color carrier layer 22.

[0062] In this embodiment, the size of the hollow holes 221 can be 10μm-1000μm. According to actual needs, such as transmittance, the hollow holes 221 of appropriate size are selected. The transmittance of the first encapsulation layer 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the size and density of the hollow holes 221.

[0063] In this embodiment, if the material of the color carrier layer 22 is a non-woven fabric or a woven fabric, the non-woven fabric can be made of colored transparent fibers, and the woven fabric can be woven from colored transparent fibers. That is, the color of the non-woven fabric or woven fabric is presented by the transparent fibers with their own colors. In this way, the color and pattern are not easily damaged and remain more durable, thereby further improving the stability of the color part of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the non-woven fabric or woven fabric made of transparent fibers has a higher structural strength and is not prone to structural damage. At the same time, the use of transparent fibers can further improve the light transmittance of the first encapsulation layer 2. The non-woven fabric or woven fabric can be expressed as a single color, such as yellow, gray, blue, green, etc., or it can be expressed as a combination of multiple colors to present a pattern. Of course, the color of the non-woven fabric or woven fabric can also be printed on the non-woven fabric or woven fabric.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the transparent fiber is one or a combination of transparent inorganic fiber and transparent organic fiber. The inorganic fiber may be glass fiber, for example, and the organic fiber may be polyester fiber, for example. The use of transparent inorganic and organic fibers can improve the weather resistance of the nonwoven or woven fabric, making it less susceptible to deterioration and damage.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the light-transmitting plate 1 can be a conventional glass material, or a transparent weather-resistant polymer material, such as ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), ECTFE (ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), etc., and of course it can also be a multi-layer composite film material containing a weather-resistant outer layer. The battery encapsulation layer 3 can be any one or a combination of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (a polymer of ethylene and butene, or a polymer of ethylene and octene), PVB (polyvinyl butyral). The backboard 4 can be a backboard material of a conventional solar photovoltaic module, such as polyester and fluorinated materials, which have properties such as resistance to long-term aging (wet heat, dry heat, ultraviolet), resistance to electrical insulation, and water vapor barrier. It can also be a metal backboard material.

[0066] Based on the photovoltaic assembly described in any of the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic system, including the photovoltaic assembly described in any of the above embodiments.

[0067] This photovoltaic system utilizes the photovoltaic module of the present invention. The color of the photovoltaic module is achieved through the color carrier layer 22 in the first encapsulation layer 2. The color and / or pattern of the color carrier layer 22 can be displayed through the first encapsulation layer 2 and the light-transmitting plate 1. Because the color carrier layer 22 is wrapped within the first encapsulation layer 2, the color carrier layer 22 is structurally stable under the protection of the first encapsulation layer 2. During lamination, the color carrier layer 22 as a whole in the first encapsulation layer 2 does not undergo structural or positional changes, maintaining its original structure and position. The color carrier layer 22 itself also has a stable color and / or pattern. Therefore, the stability and consistency of the colored portion of the photovoltaic module during the photovoltaic module manufacturing process are improved.

[0068] Based on the photovoltaic module described in any of the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, the steps of the preparation method comprising:

[0069] Step S100: Pre-shape the first encapsulation layer 2 having a color carrier layer 22. The color carrier layer 22 has a color and / or pattern and is provided with hollow holes 221 for light transmission. The color carrier layer 22 can be made of any one or a combination of non-woven fabric, woven fabric, and plastic sheet.

[0070] Step S200: Laminating the sequentially stacked light-transmitting plate 1, first encapsulation layer 2, battery encapsulation layer 3, and backsheet 4 to form a photovoltaic module. During the lamination process, the first encapsulation layer 2 further solidifies, forming a strong bond with the light-transmitting plate 1 and battery encapsulation layer 3.

[0071] The photovoltaic module obtained by this preparation method realizes the color presentation of the photovoltaic module through the color carrier layer, and the color carrier layer 22 is pre-wrapped and encapsulated in the first encapsulation layer 2, so that the first encapsulation layer 2 is a separate prefabricated structure. The structure and position of the color carrier layer 22 are fixed in advance and will not fluctuate due to the subsequent lamination process, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of the colored part of the photovoltaic module during the photovoltaic module preparation process.

[0072] Furthermore, in this embodiment, pre-forming the first encapsulation layer 2 having the color carrier layer 22 in step S100 specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] Step S101: soaking the color carrier layer 22 in the transparent resin 21;

[0074] Step S102: Take out the soaked color carrier layer 22, and wrap the shaped color carrier layer 22 with the transparent resin 21 after curing to obtain the first encapsulation layer 2. The transparent resin 21 is a resin material that can be cured by ultraviolet light and / or heat.

[0075] For example, a nonwoven fabric is cut to the desired size, for example, 698mm x 2089mm. The nonwoven is then soaked in a transparent resin 21 for a period of time to ensure full contact between the transparent resin 21 and the nonwoven. The soaked nonwoven is then removed and exposed to UV light and / or heat to cure the transparent resin 21, effectively finalizing the nonwoven's shape.

[0076] The color carrier layer 22 is pre-shaped using a transparent resin 21. On the one hand, when the first encapsulation layer 2 using the transparent resin 21 is laminated together with the light-transmitting plate 1, the battery encapsulation layer 3 and the back plate 4, the transparent resin 21 can improve the bonding strength between the two sides of the first encapsulation layer 2 and the light-transmitting plate 1 and the battery encapsulation layer 3, respectively, and is less likely to delaminate or fall off. On the other hand, the transparent resin 21 has high light transmittance, which is beneficial to the transmission of light and the presentation of color. In addition, the transparent resin 21 can fully infiltrate the color carrier layer 22. The transparent resin 21 enters the hollow holes 221 of the color carrier layer 22 in a liquid state, thereby improving the wrapping and shaping effect of the color carrier layer 22 and ensuring the stability of the structure and position of the color carrier layer 22 during the preparation of photovoltaic modules.

[0077] Furthermore, in this embodiment, after the transparent resin 21 in step S102 is cured and wrapped around the shaped color carrier layer 22, step S103 is also included, in which the transparent resin 21 is coated N times on the surface of the shaped color carrier layer 22, and after each coating, the next coating of the transparent resin 21 is continued after the transparent resin 21 is cured, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0078] Specifically, the color carrier layer 22 is soaked in the transparent resin 21. After curing, the resin material is applied one or more times. The resin material applied each time can be the same or different, and the thickness of each application is determined by the resin material. Typically, the thickness of each application is no more than 50 μm. The resulting first encapsulation layer 2 has a thickness of 50 μm to 500 μm.

[0079] Re-coating the transparent resin 21 once or multiple times on the color carrier layer 22 soaked with the transparent resin 21 and shaped can further improve the encapsulation effect of the first encapsulation layer 2, protect the structural stability of the color carrier layer 22, and meet the requirements of thickness and bonding strength.

[0080] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0081] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes a light-transmitting plate, a first packaging layer, a battery packaging layer and a back plate stacked in sequence; a color carrier layer with color and / or pattern is wrapped and encapsulated in the first packaging layer, and the color carrier layer is provided with hollow holes for light transmission; the color carrier layer is immersed in liquid transparent resin, and after the transparent resin is cured, the first packaging layer wraps and encapsulates the color carrier layer with the transparent resin to form a prefabricated structure, and the transparent resins on both sides of the first packaging layer are respectively fixed to the light-transmitting plate and the battery packaging layer by lamination; the material of the color carrier layer is any one or more combinations of non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics, and plastic sheets; the non-woven fabric is made of colored transparent fibers; or the woven fabric is woven from colored transparent fibers.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The transparent fiber is one or a combination of transparent inorganic fiber and transparent organic fiber.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The transparent resin is a resin material that can be cured by ultraviolet light and / or heat.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that The resin material is any one or more combinations of epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyether resin, polyester resin and silicone resin, all of which are modified with acrylic acid.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The hollow holes of the color carrier layer are arranged in a regular array or irregularly.

6. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that the steps include: Immersing the color carrier layer in transparent resin; The soaked color carrier layer is taken out, and the transparent resin is cured and wrapped around and shaped to obtain a first encapsulation layer, wherein the color carrier layer has a color and / or a pattern and is provided with hollow holes for light transmission; The light-transmitting plate, the first encapsulation layer, the battery encapsulation layer and the back plate stacked in sequence are laminated to obtain the photovoltaic module.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the transparent resin is solidified and the color carrier layer is wrapped and shaped, the step further includes: coating the surface of the shaped color carrier layer with transparent resin N times, and continuing to coat the next transparent resin after the transparent resin is solidified after each coating, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

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