Muscle electrical stimulation device, system and method

Abstract

The devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein relate generally to muscle electrical stimulation, and in particular to a business system for muscle stimulation, user feedback on muscle stimulation, and real-time (or near real-time) adjustments to muscle stimulation.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 797,050, filed January 25, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to electrical muscle stimulation, and more specifically, to apparatus, systems, and methods for enterprise systems for muscle stimulation, user feedback on muscle stimulation, and real-time (or near-real-time) adjustment of muscle stimulation. Background Technology

[0004] Electrical stimulation devices have a wide range of real-world applications, including therapeutic, therapeutic, relaxation, fitness, athletic performance enhancement, and recreational uses. For example, electrodes can be attached to a user and the device can send pulses to stimulate and engage the user's muscles, for example, during exercise. Despite offering numerous benefits, the use of electrical stimulation devices has been limited by factors such as bulkiness, difficulty in operation, and / or limited functionality. Further improvements in muscle stimulation systems and techniques are still needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein generally relate to electrical muscle stimulation, and more specifically to enterprise systems for muscle stimulation, user feedback on muscle stimulation, and real-time (or near-real-time) adjustment of muscle stimulation.

[0006] In one aspect, a system for muscle stimulation can include: a first computing device associated with a control user; and a first set of muscle electrical stimulation (EMS) devices interfaced with a first end user of the system, wherein one or more EMS devices of the first set of EMS devices are in communication with a first processor and a first memory, and wherein one or more of the first processor and the first memory are in communication with the first computing device and configured to receive and store instructions from the first computing device. The system can further include: a second set of EMS devices interfaced with a second end user of the system, wherein one or more EMS devices of the second set of EMS devices are in communication with a second processor and a second memory, and wherein one or more of the second processor and the second memory are in communication with the first computing device and configured to receive and store instructions from the first computing device. The system can further include: one or more communication channels between the first computing device and (i) one or more of the first processor and the first memory, and (ii) one or more of the second processor and the second memory, the one or more communication channels facilitating operation of the first set of EMS devices and the second set of EMS devices via the first computing device, and the one or more communication channels being switchable to cease communication from the first computing device after a predetermined transmission of a stimulation program to independently implement the stimulation program by the EMS devices.

[0007] Implementations can include one or more of the following features. The one or more communication channels can be configured to transmit data containing the one or more stimulation programs from the first computing device to: (i) one or more of the first processor and the first memory, and (ii) one or more of the second processor and the second memory, for implementation of the one or more stimulation programs on one or more of the EMS devices in the first set of EMS devices and one or more of the EMS devices in the second set of EMS devices. The one or more communication channels can be configured to cease transmission between the first computing device and one or more of: the first processor, the first memory, the second processor, and the second memory, after transmission of the data. One or more of the first processor and the first memory can be integrated with one or more of the EMS devices in the first set of EMS devices. One or more of the second processor and the second memory can be integrated with one or more of the EMS devices in the second set of EMS devices. The system can further include: a second computing device associated with a first end user of the system, wherein one or more of the first processor and the first memory are disposed on the second computing device. The second computing device can be separate and distinct from the first set of EMS devices, but the second computing device is in communication with the first set of EMS devices. The second computing device can be one or more of a smartphone and a tablet computer. The system can further include: a third computing device associated with a second end user of the system, wherein one or more of the second processor and the second memory are disposed on the third computing device. The third computing device can be separate and distinct from the second set of EMS devices, but the third computing device is in communication with the second set of EMS devices. The third computing device can be one or more of a smartphone and a tablet computer. One or more of the first memory and the second memory can be configured to store stimulation programs. One or more of the first memory and the second memory can be configured to store historical data related to EMS devices and stimulation sessions. The control user can be one or more of a physician and a physical therapist. The first end user and the second end user can be patients of the control user. The first computing device can be one or more of a smartphone and a tablet computer.

[0008] In another aspect, a method of controlling a plurality of muscle stimulation sessions can include: wirelessly connecting to one or more first EMS devices; activating a first stimulation program on the one or more first EMS devices; disconnecting communication with the one or more first EMS devices; wirelessly connecting to one or more second EMS devices, the second EMS devices being separate and distinct from the one or more first EMS devices; activating a second stimulation program on the one or more second EMS devices; disconnecting communication with the one or more second EMS devices; and switching communication and control between the one or more first EMS devices and the one or more second EMS devices.

[0009] Implementations can include one or more of the following features. The one or more first EMS devices and the one or more second EMS devices can be disposed on different users. The one or more first EMS devices and the one or more second EMS devices can be disposed on the same user. A total number of the first EMS devices and the second EMS devices can be greater than six. The first stimulation program and the second stimulation program can be the same. The first stimulation program and the second stimulation program can be different. The first stimulation program and the second stimulation program can be associated with each other. The method can further include uploading the first stimulation program to a first memory associated with one or more of the first EMS devices. The method can further include uploading the second stimulation program to a second memory associated with one or more of the second EMS devices.

[0010] In another aspect, a method of controlling a muscle stimulation session can include applying one or more EMS devices to one or more users; establishing a connection between a computing device of a user and at least a first EMS device of the one or more EMS devices to control the at least first EMS device; initiating, via the computing device, a stimulation session on the at least first EMS device; controlling, via the computing device, the stimulation session on the at least first EMS device; exiting, via the computing device, access to the stimulation session, wherein the stimulation session continues to run on the at least first EMS device after the access is exited; and connecting to at least a second EMS device of the one or more EMS devices to control the at least second EMS device, the second EMS device being different from the first EMS device.

[0011] Implementations can include one or more of the following features. The method can further include evaluating the plurality of EMS devices connected to the computing device for compliance with a rule and disconnecting one or more of the plurality of EMS devices when there is a non-compliance with the rule. The rule can include a predetermined limit for EMS devices connected to the computing device. The predetermined limit can be six EMS devices. The EMS devices disconnected from the computing device can continue to perform a stimulation session. The EMS devices can be disconnected based on priority. The EMS devices can be disconnected based on timing of connection. The EMS devices can be disconnected based on progress of one or more stimulation sessions. The method can further include initiating a second stimulation session on at least a second EMS device via the computing device and controlling the second stimulation session on the at least second EMS device via the computing device. The method can further include exiting access to the second stimulation session via the computing device, where the second stimulation session continues to run on the at least second EMS device after the access is exited. Initiating the stimulation session on the first EMS device can include uploading the stimulation session onto a memory in communication with the first EMS device. Controlling the stimulation session can include one or more of starting the stimulation session, stopping the stimulation session, increasing a frequency of activation of the first EMS device during the stimulation session, decreasing the frequency of activation of the first EMS device during the stimulation session, increasing an intensity of the first EMS device during the stimulation session, decreasing the intensity of the first EMS device during the stimulation session, and changing to a different stimulation session. The one or more EMS devices can be applied to at least two different users. The connection can be established using a mobile application accessed by the computing device. The connection can be established via a short-range communication protocol. The short-range communication protocol can be a Bluetooth connection. The controlling user can be a user that applies the first EMS device. The controlling user can not be a user that applies the first EMS device. The controlling user can be one or more of a doctor and a physical therapist and the user that applies the first EMS device can be a patient of the controlling user. Exiting access to the stimulation session can include disconnecting from the first EMS device. Exiting access to the stimulation session can include stopping control of the first EMS device. The second EMS device can be applied to a different user than the user of the first EMS device. The second EMS device can be applied to the same user as the user of the first EMS device. The method can further include selecting a user of the one or more users from a list of users to establish a connection and initiating a stimulation session on an EMS device associated with the selected user via the computing device. The method can further include monitoring the stimulation session via the computing device. The method can further include continuing the stimulation session until completion.

[0012] In another aspect, a method for customizing a muscle stimulation session can include receiving third-party information about a user's user activity, the third-party information including data received from a third-party data source; querying the user for additional, user-based information; receiving the user-based information; evaluating the third-party information and the user-based information to select between a predetermined muscle stimulation session and a customized muscle stimulation session; when the predetermined muscle stimulation session is selected, providing the user with a recommendation of one or more predetermined muscle stimulation sessions targeting one or more muscle groups to provide a blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation pattern for flushing lactate from the user's blood; and when the customized muscle stimulation session is selected, creating the customized muscle stimulation session based on the third-party information and the user-based information, the customized muscle stimulation session targeting one or more muscle groups to provide a blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation pattern for flushing lactate from the user's blood.

[0013] Implementations can include one or more of the following features. Querying the user can include prompting the user to select an exercise type from a list of activities, wherein the information based on the user includes the exercise type. Querying the user can include prompting the user to select one or more preferences related to the muscle stimulation session, wherein the information based on the user includes the one or more preferences related to the muscle stimulation session. The one or more preferences related to the muscle stimulation session can include at least one of a duration, an intensity, a muscle group, and a property related to the one or more EMS devices. The information based on the user can include one or more of an exercise type, an exercise intensity, and an exercise duration. The information based on the user can include an identification of one or more muscles targeted in the muscle stimulation session. The information based on the user can include data related to muscle fatigue or muscle soreness. The information based on the user can include a user history of one or more of the muscle stimulation session and user activities. The information based on the user can include one or more of physiological data and demographic data. One or more of the third-party information and the information based on the user can include one or more of body data, geographic data, measured data, and sensed data. The third-party information can be received from a third-party data source in response to a query from the stimulation session application. The third-party information can include one or more of an exercise type, an exercise intensity, and an exercise duration. The third-party information can include heart rate data. The third-party information can include accelerometer data. One or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation session and the customized muscle stimulation session can be a recovery session. The method can further include sending a notification to the user in response to receiving one or more of the third-party information and the information based on the user. The notification can include an invitation to schedule a muscle stimulation session. The method can further include scheduling one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation session and the customized muscle stimulation session. The method can further include scheduling the one or more muscle stimulation sessions to be implemented after one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation session and the customized muscle stimulation session. The method can further include running one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation session and the customized muscle stimulation session on the one or more EMS devices engaged with the user. The method can further include estimating a time spent by the user above a predetermined lactate threshold level based on one or more of the third-party information and the information based on the user. The method can further include querying the user for feedback regarding one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation session and the customized muscle stimulation session. The method can further include receiving feedback from the user regarding one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation session and the customized muscle stimulation session. The feedback can include one or more of measured information and sensed information. The feedback can include information regarding effectiveness of one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation session and the customized muscle stimulation session.The method can further include selecting one or more muscle stimulation sessions to implement after one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation session based on the feedback.

[0014] In another aspect, a method for customizing a muscle stimulation session can include receiving third party information regarding a user's user activity, the third party information including data received from a third party data source; querying the user for additional, user-based information; receiving the user-based information; and creating a customized muscle stimulation session based on the third party information and the user-based information, the customized muscle stimulation session targeting one or more muscle groups for providing a blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation pattern for flushing lactate out of the user's blood.

[0015] In another aspect, a method for selecting a muscle stimulation session can include receiving third party information regarding a user's user activity, the third party information including data received from a third party data source; querying the user for additional, user-based information; receiving the user-based information; and reviewing a plurality of predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and providing a recommendation to the user for a predetermined muscle stimulation session from the plurality of predetermined muscle stimulation sessions, the predetermined muscle stimulation session targeting one or more muscle groups for providing a blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation pattern for flushing lactate out of the user's blood.

[0016] In another aspect, a method for controlling a muscle stimulation session can include initiating a muscle stimulation session using a plurality of EMS devices engaged with an end user; monitoring the muscle stimulation session including analyzing one or more attributes of the end user and one or more parameters of the plurality of EMS devices; and adjusting the muscle stimulation session based on the analysis of the one or more attributes of the end user and the one or more parameters of the plurality of EMS devices.

[0017] Implementations can include one or more of the following features. The one or more attributes of the end user can include a sensed or measured physiological parameter of the end user. The one or more attributes of the end user can include feedback received by interrogating the end user. The method can further include interrogating the end user for feedback related to the muscle stimulation session. Monitoring the muscle stimulation session can include analyzing a combination of sensor data and feedback received by interrogating the end user. The one or more parameters of the plurality of EMS devices can include at least one of: pulse width, pulse frequency, duration of a contraction phase, duration of a rest phase, ramp up time, ramp down time, number of contractions, and duration. Adjusting the muscle stimulation session can include changing at least one of: pulse width, pulse frequency, duration of a contraction phase, duration of a rest phase, ramp up time, ramp down time, number of contractions, and duration of the muscle stimulation session. Adjusting the muscle stimulation session can include changing a position of one or more of the plurality of EMS devices. The method can further include saving parameters of the muscle stimulation session after adjusting the muscle stimulation session. The method can further include overriding default parameters with the saved parameters. The method can further include saving feedback or data obtained from the muscle stimulation session. The initiated muscle stimulation session can include a trial session with default parameters, where the default parameters are adjustable. The muscle stimulation session can be initiated by a control user. The control user can be one or more of a doctor and a physical therapist. The end user can be a patient of the control user.

[0018] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present teachings will become better understood with reference to the following description, examples, and appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the devices, systems, and methods described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, examples, and appended claims. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis being placed upon illustrating the principles of the devices, systems, and methods described herein. In the drawings, like reference numerals generally indicate corresponding elements throughout the several views.

[0020] Figure 1 A business system for muscle stimulation is shown in accordance with representative embodiments.

[0021] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for muscle stimulation using a business system in accordance with representative embodiments.

[0022] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a method for muscle stimulation with user feedback in accordance with representative embodiments.

[0023] Figure 4is a flowchart of a method for controlling a muscle stimulation session according to a representative embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiments will now be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown. However, the foregoing can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the illustrative embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these illustrative embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0025] All documents mentioned herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. References to items in the singular should be understood to include items in the plural, unless explicitly stated otherwise or clear from the text. Grammatical conjunctions are intended to express any and all conjunctive combinations of conjoined items. Thus, the term “or” is generally intended to mean “and / or” and so forth.

[0026] Unless otherwise indicated herein, recitations of a range of values herein are not intended to be limiting, but rather refer to any and all values falling within the range, and each individual value within such a range is incorporated in the specification as if it were individually recited. When the words “about,” “approximately,” or the like are used with a value, these words are intended to indicate that the operation being described is satisfactory, as would be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, for the intended purpose. Similarly, when approximate words such as “about,” “approximately,” or “substantially” are used in reference to a physical characteristic, these words should be understood to encompass a range that takes into account a satisfactory operation for the corresponding use, function, purpose, etc., as would be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art. Values and / or ranges of values are provided herein solely as examples and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the described embodiments. Where a range of values is provided, unless there is an explicit statement to the contrary, the range of values is also intended to include each value within the range, as if it were individually recited. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as,” “for instance,” etc.), provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate embodiments and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the embodiments. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the embodiments.

[0027] In the following description, it is to be understood that terms such as “first,” “second,” “top,” “bottom,” “front,” “back,” and the like are words of convenience and are not to be construed as limiting terms. In other words, reference to “first” and “second” items presented in the illustrative figures do not imply that these items are only two in number. Conversely, reference to “first” and “second” items does not denote “first” and “second” items respectively but rather denote a “first” item and a “second” item. In addition, the examples used herein providing context for the use of certain terms are intended to be non-limiting.

[0028] Generally, the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein relate generally to muscle electrical stimulation, and specifically to a business system for muscle stimulation, user feedback on muscle stimulation, and real-time (or near real-time) adjustment of muscle stimulation. It should be appreciated that the present teachings can include, supplement, rely on, replace, or improve upon any of the devices, systems, and methods disclosed in International Application No. PCT / IB2017 / 000383 (Publication No. WO / 2017 / 163131), filed March 22, 2017, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 366,299, filed July 25, 2016, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 311,811, filed March 22, 2016, the entire contents of each of the foregoing applications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0029] Accordingly, the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein can generally provide improved functionality and usability of electrical stimulation or muscle electrical stimulation (EMS) devices. EMS devices as described herein can be programmed, or otherwise structurally and programmatically configured to generate and / or deliver electrical pulses to a user. EMS devices can thus include devices configured to implement a stimulation session (which can be referred to herein as a muscle stimulation session, a stimulation program, a session, etc.) on a user, for example. A stimulation session can refer to a session having a beginning and an end during which electrical pulses are delivered to a user via an EMS device for the purpose of therapy, treatment, relaxation, fitness, athletic performance enhancement, entertainment, a combination thereof, or the like. In some instances, the systems, methods, and devices of the present disclosure can help improve muscle fatigue resistance (e.g., endurance), increase muscle strength and power, improve muscle endurance and strength, improve muscle recovery (e.g., by increasing blood flow), and / or strengthen muscles. In some instances, a stimulation session can refer to a session having a beginning and an end implemented via a set of instructions (e.g., non-transitory computer code, a computer program, etc.).

[0030] Generally, the EMS devices described herein can be used for a variety of applications. For example, the EMS devices can be used to prevent muscle atrophy. In this way, the EMS devices can send electrical pulses to muscles that mimic nerve pulses from the brain, which can be used to stimulate muscles and prevent atrophy in patients who are unable to utilize certain muscles. The EMS devices can also or instead be used for muscle relaxation or pain relief. For example, the electrical pulses sent via the EMS devices can counteract nerve pulses that cause muscle spasms, which can help with relaxation. The EMS devices can also or instead be used for entertainment or general stimulation. For example, the EMS devices can be used as a medium to deliver stimulation related to an entertainment mode (e.g., virtual reality). The EMS devices can also or instead be used for medical purposes. For example, the electrical pulses sent via the EMS devices can increase blood circulation, which can be used to prevent blood clots and / or increase healing. The electrical pulses sent via the EMS devices can also or instead assist with muscle rehabilitation, or can assist with muscle contractions as needed (e.g., drop foot assistance). The EMS devices can also or instead be used for general fitness or athletic performance enhancement. For example, the electrical pulses sent via the EMS devices can assist with recovery from exercise or can supplement exercise by mimicking muscle activity.

[0031] The EMS devices can include a body (which can also be referred to herein as a center body), and can refer to components of the EMS devices that are used to generate electrical pulses. For example, the center body can generate electrical pulses by accepting electrical current from a battery (e.g., a battery on the EMS device) or from an electrical outlet or other power source. In some instances, the EMS devices can also include one or more electrodes via which the electrical pulses can be sent to a user. The EMS devices can also or instead include a pulse generator. The pulse generator can be programmed or otherwise configured to generate electrical pulses, e.g., in response to execution of a stimulation session. The pulse generator can be programmed or otherwise configured to generate electrical pulses by accepting electrical current from a battery or another power source (e.g., an electrical outlet). In some instances, the EMS devices can include a battery, which can include, for example, a replaceable battery or an integrated battery. The battery can also or instead include a rechargeable battery, e.g., a rechargeable lithium battery. In some instances, a port (e.g., a micro-USB port) can be provided for recharging the battery.

[0032] The EMS device can include stimulation channels, which can refer to output channels for generated electrical pulses. For example, the EMS device can include any number of stimulation channels. In some examples, the central body can include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more stimulation channels. The number of stimulation channels can correspond to the number of independent output channels for electrical pulses. For example, for each stimulation channel, a different electrical pulse can be generated by the EMS device and / or further transmitted by the EMS device. In some examples, the intensity level of all stimulation channels can be adjusted according to the instructions of a user or a program. Alternatively, the intensity level of each stimulation channel can be adjusted individually.

[0033] The EMS device can also include one or more electrodes, which can be integrated with or coupled to pads or the like that are structurally configured for placement on a user’s body (e.g., by containing adhesive or the like). In some examples, the number of electrodes can correspond to the number of stimulation channels of the EMS device. The electrodes or pads can be configured to transmit electrical pulses generated by the pulse generator to a user, thereby stimulating the user. For example, electrical pulses generated at the central body can be transmitted to one or more pads via a wired connection.

[0034] In some examples, the EMS device or a component in communication with the EMS device can include a sensor system. The sensor system can be programmed or otherwise configured to sense signals, such as signals from a user’s muscle, signals about the status of the sensor, and signals about the external environment. The sensor system can be used in coordination with a stimulation session in order to provide useful information and increase the functionality of the EMS device or session. In some examples, integrating a sensing module onto the EMS device (e.g., its main body) can ensure that the EMS device is easy to use and unobtrusive to a user, while increasing the possible applications of the EMS device. In some examples, the sensor system can be configured to record signals from the surface of a muscle, such as when the muscle is contracting. The signals can include mechanical signals and / or electrical signals. For example, a mechanomyogram (MMG) or low-frequency vibrations can be observed and / or recorded with the sensor system. The sensor system can include any suitable components for sensing signals - for example, the sensor system can include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a microphone, a light emitter or detector, or the like. For example, while a stimulation session is being implemented, a muscle in the vicinity of the EMS device can contract due to the transmitted electrical pulses, and the sensor system can sense signals (e.g., vibrations) from the surface of the contracting muscle and record these signals for analysis. The analysis can be performed on a processing unit of the EMS device; alternatively or additionally, the sensed data can be transmitted to a remote device, and the analysis can be performed on that device or another device in direct or indirect communication with that device.

[0035] In some examples, the EMS device can include visual indicators, e.g., LEDs, etc. Such visual indicators can be used to indicate different states of the EMS device. For example, the central body of the EMS device can include at least two LED indicators, where a first LED indicator can be used to indicate whether the device is on and / or whether the device is currently running or executing a stimulation session, and a second LED indicator can be used to indicate a battery charge status.

[0036] An EMS device as described herein can be structurally configured to engage with a user’s body to stimulate one or more muscles or muscle groups of the user. For example, an adhesive can enable the EMS device to be universally applied to any desired location on the user’s body, e.g., on an arm, leg, knee, chest, abdomen, back, neck, shoulder, etc. Other couplings of the EMS device with a user can also or instead be utilized without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0037] In some examples, multiple EMS devices can communicate with one another. Multiple EMS devices can be used together as a unit for implementing a stimulation session. Alternatively or additionally, multiple EMS devices can implement multiple stimulation sessions (which can be the same or different). Multiple EMS devices can implement stimulation sessions for a single person or multiple persons (e.g., across different locations). In some examples, multiple EMS devices can be controlled by a computing device to implement a wide range of varying stimulation, while each EMS device remains easy to apply and unobtrusive. Data collected via multiple EMS devices can further be sent to a computing device for ease of tracking and storage, and these data can further be uploaded to a server, e.g., a cloud server, etc.

[0038] In some examples, a platform can be provided for use with EMS devices. The platform can include a database or server in which stimulation programs can be managed (e.g., created, scheduled, dispatched, etc.). In some examples, data tracked by EMS devices and / or computing devices can be uploaded to the platform for ease of management and monitoring thereof. The platform can serve as a central database for managing and tracking stimulation sessions. In this way, the platform can provide end users with a convenient tool for managing and tracking stimulation sessions. For example, the platform can provide a professional, healthcare professional, or other service provider with a convenient tool for managing and tracking stimulation sessions for end users who can be clients or patients.

[0039] Enterprise system for muscle stimulation

[0040] The enterprise system for muscle stimulation can feature the ability of a controlling user - e.g., a physician, trainer, or physical therapist - to control multiple stimulation devices (e.g., on different end users (e.g., patients)) at the same time.

[0041] Wireless communication standards such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth can be limited in the number of communication channels that can be used to hop within a certain radius without significant interference between each other. Although frequency hopping is typically used, it does not always guarantee reliable communication. Also, on the other hand, a single smartphone or tablet computer can typically only connect to a particularly limited number of devices (e.g., 6 to 8 devices) at the same time through short-range communication protocols, and these limits are typically set on the operating system / hardware drivers and the communication hardware chip being used.

[0042] However, with the enterprise system for muscle stimulation according to the present teachings, a controlling user can utilize a single computing device (e.g., smartphone or tablet computer) or controller to initiate the flow of multiple stimulation programs and control their parameters on multiple end users interfacing with multiple (wireless) connected muscle stimulators. In contrast, a typical smartphone with typical Bluetooth limitations can not allow such a system due to these limitations, if not for the benefits of the present teachings.

[0043] The enterprise system for muscle stimulation can include firmware for wirelessly connecting to and operating muscle stimulators, e.g., where the firmware is configured to allow a computing device (e.g., smartphone) to wirelessly upload a complete stimulation program with all relevant parameters into memory (e.g., of the muscle stimulator or a device connected thereto), start the stimulation program, and then disconnect the wireless communication. In this way, the muscle stimulator can still execute the stimulation program when the wireless communication to the muscle stimulator is disconnected, while continuing to maintain the stimulation parameters in an autonomous mode.

[0044] The enterprise system can include a mobile application or platform that allows a user to select a relevant stimulation program, wirelessly connect to nearby "free" muscle stimulators, and allow the user to upload and start a muscle stimulation session on these muscle stimulators, where the stimulation session can be started on a single stimulator or multiple stimulators. The application can then automatically disconnect from certain muscle stimulators if needed and depending on the number of stimulation sessions that have already been started, and allow the user to either connect to a muscle stimulator that already has a running session (e.g., to make adjustments to one or more stimulation parameters (e.g., intensity), or to pause, resume, or stop the stimulation session), or to initiate a new session with other "free" muscle stimulators.

[0045] The mobile application can also or instead be configured to connect and disconnect certain muscle stimulators from time to time in the background in order to update to better control and reflect the flow of an active running stimulation session.

[0046] Thus, as described herein, because many wireless communication technologies (e.g., Bluetooth) have a limited number of channels (e.g., six channels that can be operated at once), with the use of the present teachings, a device can download or otherwise receive a stimulation session from an application and then go offline, such that it can be in wireless communication with additional devices. This can allow a user to control potentially an unlimited number of devices, for example, by switching back and forth between the devices, bringing them online and offline as needed or desired. The user can also or instead monitor the progress of a stimulation program or session on each device through a mobile application or the like.

[0047] It will be appreciated that while described in the context of muscle electrical stimulation devices, the present teachings can be used for other therapies and treatments. Similarly, while described in the context of Bluetooth, the present teachings can be used for another wireless technology or other communication protocol.

[0048] Figure 1 An enterprise system for muscle stimulation according to a representative embodiment is shown. The system 100 can include a control user 110 having a first computing device 112, a plurality of end users 120 having second computing devices 122, a plurality of muscle electrical stimulation (EMS) devices 130 having a processor and a memory (or otherwise in communication with a processor and a memory), a communication interface 140, a mobile application 150, and other resources 160 (e.g., other hardware or external resources), where one or more of the components of the system 100 are in communication or otherwise connected through a data network 101.

[0049] As stated above, the controlling user 110 can be one or more of a physician, a trainer, a physical therapist, etc., and the multiple end users 120 can be patients, clients, etc., of the controlling user 110. In certain implementations, the controlling user 110 can also or instead be a user in which one or more EMS devices 130 are engaged - e.g., a user to which a stimulation session can be implemented. That is, in certain implementations, in addition to or instead of controlling one or more EMS devices 130 engaged with other end users 120, the controlling user 110 can control one or more EMS devices 130 engaged with themselves. The first computing device 112 can be associated with the controlling user 110 - e.g., the first computing device 112 can be one or more of a smartphone and a tablet computer associated with the controlling user 110. Generally, the system 100 can be configured such that the controlling user 110 uses the first computing device 112 to simultaneously control multiple EMS devices 130, and / or the system 100 can be configured such that the controlling user 110 uploads a complete stimulation program, initiates the program, disconnects to support autonomous mode, reconnects, and / or changes the stimulation program.

[0050] The multiple EMS devices 130 can include any of those described in International Application No. PCT / IB2017 / 000383 (Publication No. WO / 2017 / 163131), filed March 22, 2017. For example, one or more of the EMS devices 130 can be programmed or otherwise configured to generate and send electrical pulses to the end users 120, and in some instances, the EMS devices 130 can implement one or more stimulation sessions. The EMS devices 130 can include a central body, one or more pads (e.g., in which the pads include one or more electrodes), and / or other various components.

[0051] One or more of the EMS devices 130 can include or otherwise be in communication with a processor and a memory. In certain implementations, multiple EMS devices 130 can be connected to at least two different end users 120. In this manner, the system 100 can include a first set of EMS devices 131 engaged with a first end user 121 of the system 100, and a second set of EMS devices 133 engaged with a second end user 123 of the system 100. One or more of the EMS devices 130 in the first set of EMS devices 131 can be in communication with a first processor 132a and a first memory 134a, where one or more of the first processor 132a and the first memory 134a are in communication with the first computing device 112 and configured to receive and store instructions from the first computing device 112. Similarly, one or more of the EMS devices 130 in the second set of EMS devices 133 can be in communication with a second processor 132b and a second memory 134b, where one or more of the second processor 132b and the second memory 134b are in communication with the first computing device 112 and configured to receive and store instructions from the first computing device 112. One or more of the processors and memories described herein can be provided on the EMS devices 130, and / or one or more of the processors and memories described herein can be provided on separate computing devices. For example, one or more of the first processor 132a and the first memory 134a can be integrated with one or more of the EMS devices 130 in the first set of EMS devices 131; similarly, one or more of the second processor 132b and the second memory 134b can be integrated with one or more of the EMS devices 130 in the second set of EMS devices 133. Also or instead, one or more of the first processor 132a and the first memory 134a can be provided on the second computing device 122 associated with the first end user 121 of the system 100, and / or one or more of the second processor 132b and the second memory 134b can be provided on the third computing device 124 associated with the second end user 123 of the system 100.

[0052] The first end user 121 and the second end user 123 can be located at the same geographic location or at different geographic locations. Further, it will be understood that, in certain embodiments, the first end user 121 and the second end user 123 can be the same individual - e.g., where the first set of EMS devices 131 and the second set of EMS devices 133 interface with different body parts or muscle groups of the individual. It will also be understood that the EMS devices 130 included in the system 100 need not all be the same. For example, one or more of the EMS devices 130 in the first set of EMS devices 131 can be different from one or more of the EMS devices 130 in the second set of EMS devices 133. Also or instead, an EMS device 131 in the first set of EMS devices 131 can be different from another EMS device 130 in the first set of EMS devices 131, and an EMS device 130 in the second set of EMS devices 133 can be different from another EMS device 130 in the second set of EMS devices 133. Where different EMS devices 130 are used in the system 100, the differences can relate to one or more of shape or other structural differences, hardware or software (e.g., hardware or software integrated with or otherwise in communication with it) differences, operational parameter or operational capability differences, etc.

[0053] The system 100 can also include a controller 170 that can assist in controlling the user 110 operating the EMS devices 130. Thus, the EMS devices 130 can be in communication with a controller 170 configured to operate the EMS devices 130 (e.g., including opening / closing the communication channel 141 with the EMS devices 130 based on signals received from the EMS devices 130 or instructions received from a control user 110, processor, or otherwise). Generally, the controller 170 can be electrically coupled in communicative relationship (e.g., electronic communication) with any of the components of the system 100. Generally, the controller 170 can be operable to control the components of the system 100 and can include any combination of software and / or processing circuitry suitable for controlling the various components of the system 100 described herein, including but not limited to processors, microprocessors, microcontrollers, application specific integrated circuits, programmable gate arrays, and any other digital and / or analog components and combinations of the foregoing, along with inputs and outputs for transceiving control signals, power signals, sensor signals, communication signals, etc. In certain implementations, the controller 170 can include a processor or other processing circuitry having sufficient computational capacity to provide the relevant functionality, such as executing an operating system or mobile application 150, providing a graphical user interface, setting and providing rules and instructions for operation of the components of the system 100, converting sensed information into instructions, notifications, etc., and operating a web server or otherwise hosting remote operators and / or activities through one or more communication interfaces 140. In certain implementations, the controller 170 can include a printed circuit board, an Arduino controller or similar, a Raspberry Pi controller, etc., a prototyping board, or other computer-related components.

[0054] The controller 170 or another component in the system 100 can thus provide instructions for operation of one or more components of the system 100 (e.g., one or more EMS devices 130). It will be understood that the set of instructions that can be sent to different EMS devices 130 can be different from one another or can not be different from one another - e.g., instructions can be sent at different times or simultaneously, and different instructions can refer to different stimulation sessions that can be implemented at different times or simultaneously via different EMS devices 130.

[0055] The controller 170 can be a local controller disposed on one or more of the computing devices, the EMS devices 130, another component of the system 100, or a remote device in communication with the system 100 and its components in other ways. For example, one or more of the controller 170 and user interfaces in communication with the controller 170 can be disposed on an external component (e.g., a computing device such as a smartphone) in communication with the system 100 over the data network 101. By way of another example, the controller 170 can be disposed on the EMS devices 130. For example, a group of EMS devices can include a master device. In some instances, a group of EMS devices 130 can include a single master device that can be programmed or otherwise configured to broadcast or distribute commands to a plurality of EMS devices of the other EMS devices 130, for example, via a wireless communication channel, where the commands can relate to implementation and / or execution of a stimulation session. Alternatively or additionally, such a master device can be configured to receive data or signals from other devices.

[0056] The processors (e.g., one or more of the first processor 132a and the second processor 132b) can include an on-board processor for the EMS devices 130 or another component of the system 100. The processors can also or instead be disposed on a separate computing device connected to one or more of the system 100 or its components over the data network 101 (e.g., using the communication interface 140, which can include a Wi-Fi or Bluetooth transmitter and receiver). The processors can be any processor described herein or otherwise known in the art. The processors can be included on the controller 170, or the processors can be separate from the controller 170, for example, the processors can be included on a computing device in communication with the controller 170 or another component of the system 100. In one implementation, the processors are included on or in communication with a server hosting the mobile application 150 for operating and controlling the system 100.

[0057] The memory (e.g., one or more of the first memory 134a and the second memory 134b) can be any memory described herein or otherwise known in the art. The memory can contain computer code and can store data, e.g., sequences of operations for one or more of the components of the system 100 (e.g., the EMS device 130), sequences or content for notifications and alerts, historical data (e.g., previous inputs, measurements or sensed information, stimulation sessions or parameters thereof, and calculations), and the like. The memory can also or instead contain computer executable code stored thereon that provides instructions to the processor (e.g., one or more of the first processor 132a and the second processor 132b) for implementation. The memory can comprise a non-transitory computer readable medium. Thus, in certain implementations, one or more of the first memory 132a and the second memory 132b are configured to store stimulation programs. Also or instead, one or more of the first memory 132a and the second memory 132b can be configured to store historical data related to the EMS device 130 and stimulation sessions— e.g., settings or parameters related thereto, sensor data related thereto, user options or feedback related thereto, scheduling and timing information, physiological data related to the user in response to the EMS device 130 and stimulation sessions, and the like.

[0058] The system 100 can also include computing devices— e.g., one or more of the first computing device 112, the second computing device 122, and the third computing device 124— in communication with one or more of the components of the system 100, with more or fewer computing devices being possible. In the context of the example implementation of the system 100, Figure 1 In the context of the example implementation of the system 100, the system 100 can include the second computing device 122 associated with the first end user 121 of the system 100, and the third computing device 124 associated with the second end user 123 of the system 100. As discussed above, the processors and memories described herein can be provided on one or more of the second computing device 122 and the third computing device 124. Further, one or more of the second computing device 122 and the third computing device 124 can be separate and distinct from, but in communication with, the first set of EMS devices 131 and the second set of EMS devices 133, respectively. One or more of the second computing device 122 and the third computing device 124 can be a smartphone, a tablet computer, or the like.

[0059] A computing device - e.g., one or more of the first computing device 112, the second computing device 122, and the third computing device 124 - can include any device within the system 100 that is operated by an operator or otherwise used to manage, monitor, communicate with, or otherwise interact with other participants in the system 100. This can include a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a network computer, a tablet computer, a smartphone, a smartwatch or other wearable computing device, a PDA, or any other device that can participate in the system 100 as contemplated herein. In an implementation, the computing device is integrated with another participant in the system 100 - e.g., the computing device can be integrated with the EMS device 130.

[0060] The computing device can include a user interface 113 that communicates with components of the system 100, for example. Thus, the computing device can generally provide a user interface 113 for the mobile application 150, which can include a graphical user interface, a text or command line interface, a voice-controlled interface, and / or a gesture-based interface. Generally, the user interface 113 can create an appropriate display on the computing device for operator interaction. In implementations, the user interface 113 can control operation of one or more of the components of the system 100, as well as provide access to and communicate with the controller 170, the processor and other resources 160. The user interface 113 can be maintained by an application (e.g., the mobile application 150) executing locally on the computing device that receives data from one or more of the components of the system 100. In other embodiments, the user interface 113 can be rendered remotely on the computing device, e.g., by a web server providing information through one or more web pages or the like that can be displayed within a web browser or the like executing on the computing device. In implementations, the user interface 113 can also or instead be provided by and / or hosted on another participant in the system 100.

[0061] A computing device as described herein can generally be used to manage and track stimulation sessions. For example, a user can utilize a computing device or an application on a computing device to design (e.g., create), select, schedule, or plan stimulation sessions and control parameters of the stimulation sessions.

[0062] The data network 101 can be any network or inter-network suitable for communicating data and control information between participants in the system 100. This can include public networks, such as the Internet, private networks, telecommunication networks (e.g., the public switched telephone network), or cellular networks using third generation (e.g., 3G or IMT-2000), fourth generation (e.g., LTE (E-UTRA) or WiMAX-Advanced (IEEE 802.16m) and / or other technologies, as well as any of a variety of corporate area or local area networks and other switches, routers, hubs, gateways, etc. that can be used to communicate data between participants in the system 100. The data network 101 can include wired or wireless networks, or any combination thereof, such as Bluetooth or other similar communication protocol networks. Those skilled in the art will also recognize that the participants shown in the system 100 need not be connected through the data network 101, and thus can be configured to work in conjunction with other participants independent of the data network 101. Thus, in some instances, one or more computing devices can communicate directly or indirectly with one or more EMS devices 130. For example, a computing device can communicate with one or more EMS devices 130 via wireless communication by utilizing a radio frequency (RF) protocol or other wireless communication (e.g., by utilizing ANT+, Bluetooth, Gazell protocol, etc.). In some instances, a computing device can send instructions for implementing a stimulation session on an EMS device 130, where data (e.g., data regarding parameters of the stimulation session or data from a sensor system) is recorded or tracked by the EMS device 130 or a computing device in communication therewith, and this data can also be sent back to the computing device, providing instructions to the EMS device 130.

[0063] Communication over the data network 101 or other communication between components of the devices or systems described herein can be provided via one or more communication interfaces 140. The communication interfaces 140 can include, for example, Wi-Fi receivers and transmitters to allow logical computations to be performed on separate computing devices. This can include connections to smartphone applications or the like. More generally, the communication interfaces 140 can be suitable to enable any of the components of the system 100 to communicate with each other. Thus, the communication interfaces 140 can be present on one or more of the components of the system 100, although only shown coupled with the first computing device 112 for convenience in the figure. The communication interfaces 140 can include or be connected in a communication relationship with network interfaces or the like. The communication interfaces 140 can include any combination of hardware and software suitable to couple the components of the system 100 in a communication relationship over the data network 101 to remote devices (e.g., computing devices such as remote computers or the like). By way of example and not limitation, this can include electronic devices for wired or wireless Ethernet connections operating according to IEEE 802.11 standards (or any variations thereof), or any other short or long range wireless networking components or the like. This can include hardware for short range data communication, e.g., Bluetooth or infrared transceivers, which can be used to couple to a local area network or the like, which in turn is coupled to a data network, e.g., the Internet. This can also or instead include hardware / software for WiMAX connections or cellular network connections (using, e.g., CDMA, GSM, LTE, or any other suitable protocol or combination of protocols). Additionally, the controller 170 can be configured to control participation of the components of the system 100 in any network to which the communication interfaces 140 are connected, e.g., by autonomously connecting to the data network 101 to retrieve status updates or the like.

[0064] The system 100 can include other resources 160. In certain implementations, the other resources 160 can include sensors, cameras, power sources, electrical panels, or the like. The other resources 160 can also or instead include input devices such as keyboards, touchpads, computer mice, switches, dials, buttons, or the like, and output devices such as displays, speakers or other audio transducers, light-emitting diodes or other lighting or display components, or the like. The other resources 160 of the system 100 can also or instead include various cable connections and / or hardware adapters for connecting to, e.g., external computers, external hardware, external instruments or data acquisition systems, or the like.

[0065] The other resources 160 can also or instead include servers, databases or other data storage devices, remote resources, network interfaces, processing circuitry, or the like. Thus, the other resources 160 can be included in addition to or instead of the components described above, e.g., other hardware or other software.

[0066] The system 100 can include one or more communication channels 141 between the first computing device 112 and (i) one or more of the first processor 132a and the first memory 134a and (ii) one or more of the second processor 132b and the second memory 134b. In other words, the first computing device 112 can communicate with another computing device (or simply a processor and / or memory) that is in communication with the plurality of EMS devices 130 (e.g., one or more of the first set of EMS devices 131 and the second set of EMS devices 133), such as for wireless control of the EMS devices 130. In implementations in which the EMS devices 130 include integrated processors, memories, and / or communication interfaces 140, the first computing device 112 can communicate directly with the EMS devices 130 through the one or more communication channels 141. Thus, the one or more communication channels 141 can facilitate operation of the first set of EMS devices 131 and the second set of EMS devices 133 via the first computing device 112.

[0067] Further, the one or more communication channels 141 can be switchable to cease communication between the first computing device 112 and the EMS devices 130 after a predetermined transmission of a stimulation program - or otherwise cut off communication or data transfer between the first computing device 112 and the EMS devices 130 to independently implement a stimulation program by the EMS devices 130.

[0068] The one or more communication channels 141 can be configured to transmit data containing one or more stimulation programs from the first computing device 112 to the EMS devices 130. This can occur through transmission of data (e.g., containing one or more stimulation programs) from the first computing device 112 to (i) one or more of the first processor 132a and the first memory 134a and (ii) one or more of the second processor 132b and the second memory 134b for execution of the stimulation programs on one or more EMS devices 130 in the first set of EMS devices 131 and one or more EMS devices 130 in the second set of EMS devices 133. After transmission of the data, the one or more communication channels 141 can be configured to cease transmission between the first computing device 112 and one or more of the first processor 132a, the first memory 134a, the second processor 132b, and the second memory 134b.

[0069] The method according to the present teachings can include connecting to one or more first EMS devices; uploading or activating a first stimulation program to the first EMS devices; and disconnecting from the first EMS devices. The method can also include connecting to one or more second EMS devices (which are separate and distinct from the first EMS devices); uploading or activating a second stimulation program to the second EMS devices; and disconnecting from the second EMS devices. The method can also include switching communication and control between the first EMS devices and the second EMS devices. In other words, the method of controlling multiple muscle stimulation sessions according to the present teachings can include wirelessly connecting to one or more first EMS devices; activating a first stimulation program on the one or more first EMS devices; disconnecting from the one or more first EMS devices; wirelessly connecting to one or more second EMS devices, which are separate and distinct from the one or more first EMS devices; activating a second stimulation program on the one or more second EMS devices; disconnecting from the one or more second EMS devices; and switching communication and control between the one or more first EMS devices and the one or more second EMS devices.

[0070] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method 200 for muscle stimulation using enterprise systems according to representative embodiments. It should be understood that the method 200 can be performed, for example, using the system 100 described and illustrated above with reference to Figure 1 The method 200 can be used to control multiple muscle stimulation sessions on multiple EMS devices. It should be understood that the method 200 can be used for a single user to control a muscle stimulation session on himself or herself, or for one or more users to control muscle stimulation sessions experienced by one or more other, different users.

[0071] As shown in step 202, the method 200 can include applying one or more EMS devices to one or more users. For example, this can include applying EMS devices to multiple patients (e.g., applying EMS devices to themselves, or having a medical professional or the like apply the EMS devices) for use in a stimulation session, with control of the stimulation session being performed by a single control user (e.g., a doctor or physical therapist).

[0072] As shown in step 204, the method 200 can include connecting to the EMS devices to control them. The connection can be established using a mobile application (e.g., using one or more of the communication protocols described herein or known in the art (e.g., Bluetooth)), among others, and where the mobile application is accessible via the control user’s computing device. Thus, the method 200 can include wirelessly connecting to one or more first EMS devices, e.g., where the connection is established via a short-range communication protocol, among others. The method 200 can also or instead include establishing a connection between the control user’s computing device and at least the first EMS device to control the at least first EMS device.

[0073] As shown in step 206, the method 200 can include initiating a stimulation session. More specifically, the method 200 can include initiating a stimulation session on the first EMS device via the control user’s computing device. In this way, and by way of example, steps 202-206 can collectively require a physician (e.g., using a mobile application or other similar software) to select a patient from a list of patients, attach or connect to one or more EMS devices that are pre-registered from the application, activate the EMS device(s) (e.g., the application can automatically identify recently activated devices and connect to them), and initiate a stimulation session for the selected patient or device. In other words, the method 200 can also include selecting a user from a list of users to establish a connection, and initiating a stimulation session on an EMS device associated with the selected user. Regardless, the method 200 can include activating a first stimulation program on the one or more first EMS devices connected in step 204.

[0074] As shown in step 208, the method 200 can include controlling the stimulation session. More specifically, the method 200 can include controlling the stimulation session on the at least first EMS device via the computing device. Controlling the stimulation session can include one or more of: starting the stimulation session, stopping the stimulation session, pausing the stimulation session, increasing a frequency of activation of the EMS device during the stimulation session, decreasing a frequency of activation of the EMS device during the stimulation session, increasing an intensity of the EMS device during the stimulation session, decreasing an intensity of the EMS device during the stimulation session, changing to a different stimulation session, among others. Controlling the stimulation session can also or instead include adjusting parameters thereof, e.g., pulse width, pulse frequency, length or frequency of contraction phase, length or frequency of rest phase, rest period, ramp up time, ramp down time, duty cycle parameters, number of contractions, duration, burst pulse parameters, waveform shape, interphase interval, stimulation length, stimulation intensity, number of stimulation sessions, among others.

[0075] As shown in step 210, the method 200 can include exiting the stimulation session, and as shown in step 212, the method 200 can include connecting to a second, different EMS device (e.g., on another user) and repeating one or more of steps 204-210. In this context, exiting the stimulation session can include exiting access to the stimulation session by the computing device of the controlling user, which can include disconnecting from the EMS device and / or otherwise ceasing control of the EMS device. In other words, the method 200 can include disconnecting from communication with the one or more first EMS devices connected in step 204, and wirelessly connecting to one or more second EMS devices, where the second EMS devices are separate and distinct from the first EMS devices. The method 200 can then include activating a second stimulation program on one or more of the second EMS devices (e.g., which can be the same, different, associated with, or unassociated with the first stimulation program being / past being operated on the first EMS devices). For example, the first stimulation program can be associated with the second stimulation program through stimulation programs working in a coordinated or cooperative manner, which can be particularly useful when operating stimulation programs on a single user.

[0076] By way of example, a physician can exit the stimulation session and repeat steps 204-210 for another patient or patients, e.g., where each patient receives his / her own pre-scheduled or specially tailored stimulation session. It will be appreciated that the stimulation session can continue for the patient even when the controlling user exits the session. In this manner, connection to the stimulation session can be used to monitor or control it, but the stimulation session can otherwise continue when the controlling user disconnects from the EMS device running the session. Thus, the method 200 can include exiting access to one or more stimulation sessions via the computing device, where the stimulation session continues to run on the EMS device after the access is exited. The method 200 can include monitoring the stimulation session via the computing device when connected or disconnected.

[0077] It will be appreciated that in examples of the method 200 including first and second EMS devices, the first and second EMS devices can be disposed on different users, or they can be disposed on the same user (e.g., where the first and second EMS devices are stimulating different muscle groups or body areas).

[0078] As shown in step 214, the method 200 can include evaluating the connected EMS devices. More specifically, the method 200 can include evaluating the plurality of EMS devices connected to the computing device of the controlling user for compliance with a rule, and disconnecting one or more of the plurality of EMS devices when there is a non-compliance with the rule.

[0079] For example, as shown in step 216, the rules can specify a predetermined limit for EMS devices connected to the computing device (e.g., where the predetermined limit is six EMS devices). In this way, when the number of EMS devices exceeds a certain predetermined limit, the method 200 can proceed to step 218, while when the number of EMS devices is within a certain predetermined limit, the method 200 can proceed to step 220. By way of example, when a physician initiates a new stimulation session using a new set of EMS devices, an application or the like can determine how many EMS devices have been connected, and if the total number of EMS devices exceeds a certain limit (e.g., six), the application can disconnect one or more of the previously connected EMS devices and connect to the new EMS devices instead. In this way, the limits of certain communication protocols can be adhered to while continuing to run a stimulation session. That is, in certain implementations, even when communication with a controlling user is disconnected, the disconnected devices can continue to perform a stimulation session in the background.

[0080] Other rules for connecting and disconnecting EMS devices (e.g., rules that are not related to a limit on the number of connected EMS devices) are also possible or alternatively possible. For example, there can be rules that prioritize certain EMS devices over other EMS devices. In this way, EMS devices can be disconnected based on priority. By way of further example, there can be rules that specify disconnecting EMS devices based on timing - e.g., EMS devices can be disconnected based on priority and / or based on the progress of one or more stimulation sessions implemented on the EMS devices.

[0081] Thus, as shown in step 218, the method 200 can include disconnecting EMS devices, e.g., when the number would otherwise exceed a certain limit. And, as shown in step 220, the method 200 can include maintaining connection with certain or all EMS devices, e.g., when the number does not exceed a certain limit. Thus, the method 200 can include disconnecting communication with one or more of the first EMS devices or the second EMS devices, and switching communication and control between the first EMS devices and the second EMS devices, e.g., depending on the number of EMS devices that can be connected at the same time. For example, when the total number of first EMS devices and second EMS devices is greater than “n” devices, the switching can be useful because a maximum of “n” devices can be able to be connected at the same time (e.g., where “n” equals six).

[0082] In certain implementations, the method 200 includes initiating, via the computing device, a second stimulation session on a second EMS device (in addition to, or instead of, the first stimulation session previously implemented on the first EMS device), and controlling, via the computing device, the second stimulation session on the second EMS device (in addition to, or instead of, the first stimulation session on the first EMS device). And, following the initiation and / or control of the second stimulation session, the method 200 can include exiting, via the computing device, access to the second stimulation session. In certain implementations, following the exit of access, the second stimulation session continues to run on at least the second EMS device.

[0083] As shown in step 222, the method 200 can include, for example, either connecting to the controlling user or otherwise continuing the stimulation session until completion. This can be accomplished by uploading the stimulation program to memory in communication with or integrated to the one or more EMS devices. That is, in certain implementations, the method 200 can include uploading the first stimulation program to a first memory associated with one or more of the first EMS devices, and uploading the second stimulation program to a second memory associated with one or more of the second EMS devices.

[0084] Thus, by way of example, using the method 200, when a physician or the like reselects one of the older sessions previously disconnected (e.g., the EMS devices used in the session were disconnected from communication), the application can automatically disconnect the EMS devices used in the other sessions having the same number of EMS devices, and reconnect to the EMS devices for the currently selected session. In this way, the method 200 can provide the physician or other controlling user with full control over the stimulation session, including the ability to dynamically change the stimulation program and control the flow of the stimulation session.

[0085] User feedback on muscle stimulation

[0086] The information obtained from third party systems / applications (e.g., Strava, Fitbit, etc.) can not be sufficient to create a specific stimulation program for the user. Many times, additional information can be needed or desired in order to create a fully customized session that is appropriate for the user. To this end, the present teachings can include asking the user for additional information, and using that information in conjunction with the third party information to create a customized stimulation session.

[0087] In particular, one technique can involve receiving information from one or more third-party systems (or directly from the EMS device, or from other sensors), and asking the user, e.g., with questions, etc., to learn more about the user or activities the user has performed. This can provide more accurate classification of activities reported back by the third-party systems. For example, the technique can use tags, free text, etc., to, e.g., select muscle groups or body areas that can feel fatigued or sore, estimate the degree of soreness or pain, determine the user’s availability to run recovery or performance muscle stimulation sessions, etc. The combined information can be used to generate or schedule one or more muscle stimulation sessions for the user, where these stimulation sessions can be uniquely customized to the user.

[0088] By way of example, using these techniques, a customized recovery program can be created. By way of further example, the recovery program can include a particular number of sub-phases that will fit into the discrete amount of time the user must dedicate to muscle stimulation sessions, while still being long enough and in a large enough quantity to flush out the extra lactate from the user’s blood, e.g., based on information received from third-party systems related to the time the user spent above an estimated lactate threshold level in a physical activity. In this way, sessions can be generated on-demand for the most fatigued / sore muscle groups, and follow-up recovery as well as lactate threshold training sessions can be developed for less fatigued muscle groups for later execution (e.g., within 12 hours).

[0089] After completion of a stimulation session, the technique can also or instead include asking the user for feedback, e.g., in the form of multiple choice questions or in free text format (e.g., asking the user if they feel less sore or muscle soreness after the session compared to during or before the training, asking the user if they want to run the session for a longer period of time, or asking the user if they want to try different settings - e.g., make the stimulation session more aggressive / intense or less aggressive / intense). The feedback answers can thus be used to modify the stimulation parameters of future customized stimulation sessions for the user. The feedback can also or instead include sensed feedback received during the stimulation session.

[0090] Over time, machine learning techniques and algorithms can analyze the user responses, e.g., for patterns of similarity, to reduce the number of questions asked or to provide more intuitive or efficient controls to the user (e.g., by pre-selecting the most likely answers and / or only asking the user to confirm).

[0091] Figure 3is a flowchart of a method 300 for muscle stimulation with user feedback according to representative embodiments. Generally, the method 300 can include customizing or thoughtfully (and strategically) selecting a muscle stimulation session, which can include asking the user for information and using that information in combination with third-party information to create a customized stimulation session or to select an existing stimulation session or a combination thereof.

[0092] As shown in step 302, the method 300 can include receiving information about user activity - e.g., receiving third-party information about a user activity of the user, where the third-party information includes data received from a third-party data source. In certain implementations, the third-party information is received from the third-party data source in response to a query from the stimulation session application. For example, a server running the stimulation session application can receive information about a recent activity (e.g., a run workout) from a third-party system (e.g., Fitbit®, Strava®, Apple Health®, etc.) and then the server sends any relevant push notifications to the user through a mobile application or the like. In this way, the mobile application or the like can send a push notification to the user with an invitation to schedule and run an EMS recovery session (or other stimulation session). Thus, more generally, the method 300 can include sending a notification to the user in response to receiving one or more of the third-party information and the user’s information. The notification can include an invitation to initiate or schedule a muscle stimulation session (see also step 312 described below).

[0093] ​The third-party information can include one or more of an exercise type, an exercise intensity, an exercise duration, calories burned, a measure of physical activity (e.g., steps taken), weight or resistance used, injury information, and the like. The third-party information can also or instead include one or more of heart rate data, accelerometer data, respiration data, myograph (MMG) readings, other physiological data, geographic or map or location data, environmental data (e.g., weather, temperature, humidity, and the like), and the like. In some cases, the third-party information can be obtained from a health-related or fitness-related application. For example, health-related and fitness-related applications are commonly used to record or track information about a user (e.g., steps taken). Non-limiting examples of applications include Apple Health, Fitbit, Google Fit, JawBone Up, MapMyFitness, Mind Body, Moves, Nike+, RunKeeper, Strava, Under Armour Connected Fit, Wahoo Fitness, Withings, and Wodify. The communication to receive the third-party information can be implemented using one or more application programming interfaces (APIs). An API can generally refer to a set of routines, protocols, or tools for building a software application that can interact with a given application. In any of the embodiments disclosed herein, the communication between the at least one application and the API can include an API call.

[0094] As shown in step 304, the method 300 can include evaluating the received information to, for example, determine or select an appropriate stimulation or recovery session for the particular user, or to determine whether a custom stimulation or recovery session should be created.

[0095] As part of the information collection and evaluation, as shown in step 306, the method 300 can include querying the user for additional, user-based information, and receiving the user-based information for use in creating or selecting a stimulation session for the user. Examples of such user-based information can include one or more of an exercise type, an exercise intensity, an exercise duration, and the like. The user-based information can also or instead include one or more of an identification of one or more muscles targeted in a muscle stimulation session, data related to muscle fatigue or muscle soreness, a user history of one or more of muscle stimulation sessions and user activity, physiological data, demographic data, health information (e.g., electronic health records) or medical history, medication information, weight, body mass index (BMI), other user characteristics, and the like. Thus, one or more of the third-party information and the user-based information can include one or more of physical data, geographic data, measured data, and sensed data.

[0096] For example, the user can open a mobile application, where the application asks the user to provide a classification of his / her activity (e.g., "moderate intensity running session"), or can prompt the user to select from a list of activities. Similarly, the application can ask the user to provide a classification or identification of a desired stimulation session, e.g., using a previously run session or activity as a guide. The user can also or instead be asked to specify muscle groups that he / she believes need recovery, and / or provide a level of muscle fatigue or muscle soreness for the muscle groups. This selected muscle fatigue / soreness level can be saved in memory and can be automatically pre-loaded when the user selects a previously classified activity or stimulation session. The user can also or instead be asked to specify how much time they have available for a recovery session, e.g., less than 15 minutes, 15-20 minutes, 20-30 minutes, more than 30 minutes, etc. The user can be asked regarding any of the foregoing information or other information, e.g., by prompting the user to select from a list, etc. By way of example, asking the user can include prompting the user to select a workout type from a list of activities, where the user's information includes the workout type. By way of further example, asking the user can also or instead include prompting the user to select one or more preferences related to a muscle stimulation session, where the user's information includes the preferences related to the muscle stimulation session. The one or more preferences related to the muscle stimulation session provided by the user can include at least one of: a duration, an intensity, a muscle group, an attribute related to one or more EMS devices, a combination thereof, etc.

[0097] The evaluation of the received information can include analyzing physiological data, physical data, geographic data, measured data, or sensed data, etc. More generally, the method 300 can also include estimating the time spent by the user above a predetermined lactate threshold level based on one or more of the third party information and the user-based information. For example, heart rate or speed data from a third party system can be used to estimate the time spent by the user exercising above a lactate threshold level. By way of further example, MMG readings can be analyzed to detect muscle performance parameters, e.g., a muscle fatigue level. Also or instead, the analysis step can involve gait analysis, hand grip analysis, etc. of the user.

[0098] Thus, returning to step 304, the method 300 can include evaluating the third party information and the user-based information to select between a predetermined muscle stimulation session and a customized muscle stimulation session. In certain instances, the foregoing selections are not mutually exclusive. For example, a predetermined muscle stimulation session can be selected, and then changed to create a customized muscle stimulation session. In other implementations, a predetermined muscle stimulation session can be selected and used without any changes. Similarly, in certain implementations, a customized muscle stimulation session can be created from scratch.

[0099] As shown in step 308, the method 300 can include creating a customized stimulation session, or selecting a pre-established stimulation session, e.g., in response to the received and evaluated data. Alternatively or additionally, as shown in step 310, the method 300 can include recommending, e.g., a customized or other stimulation session(s), which can similarly be in response to the received and evaluated data. For example, depending on the received information (e.g., including an estimated or known amount of time spent above a lactate threshold level), the application can automatically generate a customized recovery session, e.g., focused on the most fatigued / sore muscle groups, and provide sufficient blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation patterns for flushing lactate out of the user's blood.

[0100] Thus, in certain implementations, when a predetermined muscle stimulation session is selected, the method 300 can include providing a recommendation to the user of one or more predetermined muscle stimulation sessions targeted to one or more muscle groups. These predetermined muscle stimulation sessions can be selected to provide blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation patterns for flushing lactate out of the blood in the user's target muscle group(s). Further, in certain implementations, when a customized muscle stimulation session is selected, the method 300 can include creating one or more customized muscle stimulation sessions based on third party information and based on user-based information. These customized muscle stimulation sessions can be created to provide blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation patterns for flushing lactate out of the blood in the user's target muscle group(s).

[0101] As shown in step 312, the method 300 can include selecting and scheduling a stimulation or recovery session. In this way, the method 300 can include scheduling one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation sessions. This can be done manually by the user or automatically by the application or the like. In certain aspects, if the user's available time is limited, a wider stimulation pulse can be used for the recovery program, and at the same time, additional recovery sessions can be generated for the user for subsequent implementation. That is, the method 300 can also include scheduling one or more muscle stimulation sessions to be implemented after one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation sessions.

[0102] As shown in step 313, the method 300 can include running one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation sessions on one or more EMS devices engaged with the user.

[0103] As shown in step 314, the method 300 can include obtaining feedback regarding the stimulation or recovery session. This can stem from subjective information provided by the user through questioning, etc., objectively through measured or sensed information, or a combination thereof. Thus, the method 300 can include querying the user for feedback regarding one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation session, and / or receiving feedback from the user regarding one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation session. For example, after completion of the generated stimulation session, the user can be asked to provide feedback, e.g., whether his / her muscle soreness has been reduced and / or whether the muscle feels less fatigued. The feedback can also or instead include one or more of: measured information, sensed information, information regarding the effectiveness of one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation session, etc. Based on the feedback, changes to the parameters of the stimulation session (e.g., stimulation pulse width and stimulation time adjustments) can be automatically provided for future sessions of the classified activity (or similar activities). Also or instead, based on the feedback, the method 300 can include selecting one or more muscle stimulation sessions to implement after (or before) one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation session.

[0104] The present teachings can also or instead include techniques to (i) create a customized stimulation session or (ii) select an existing session. For example, in one aspect, a method for customizing a muscle stimulation session includes receiving third-party information regarding user activity of a user, the third-party information including data received from a third-party data source; querying the user for additional, user-based information; receiving the user-based information; and creating a customized muscle stimulation session based on the third-party information and the user-based information, the customized muscle stimulation session targeting one or more muscle groups to provide a blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation pattern for flushing lactate out of the user’s blood. In another aspect, a method for selecting a muscle stimulation session includes receiving third-party information regarding user activity of a user, the third-party information including data received from a third-party data source; querying the user for additional, user-based information; receiving the user-based information; and reviewing a plurality of predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and providing a recommendation to the user of a predetermined muscle stimulation session from the plurality of predetermined muscle stimulation sessions, the predetermined muscle stimulation session targeting one or more muscle groups to provide a blood circulation and endorphin generation stimulation pattern for flushing lactate out of the user’s blood.

[0105] It will be understood that one or more of the predetermined muscle stimulation sessions and the customized muscle stimulation sessions (or any of the stimulation sessions described herein) can include one or more of the following: a recovery session, a grounding assistance program, a rehabilitation program, a relaxation program, an improved performance program, etc. It will be further understood that the muscle stimulation sessions discussed herein can differ in terms of desired effects (e.g., therapy, fitness, performance enhancement, stimulation, etc.), applications, and specific parameters (e.g., stimulation frequency, pulse width, duty cycle parameters, ramp up values, ramp down values, burst parameters, etc. for contraction and rest periods). For example, the stimulation programs can be directed to one or more of the following: improving muscle fatigue resistance (e.g., building endurance), increasing muscle strength and power, improving muscle recovery (e.g., through increased blood flow), strengthening muscles, etc. Different stimulation sessions can include different stimulation parameters.

[0106] Real-time adjustment of muscle stimulation

[0107] The present teachings can include the ability for a user to adjust stimulation sessions in real-time or near real-time (e.g., change the session or parameters thereof).

[0108] When using an EMS device (handheld, portable, table-top, etc.), a controlling user (e.g., a physician) can perform adjustments to stimulation parameters (e.g., stimulation pulse width, stimulation pulse frequency, total stimulation time, etc.) “on the fly,” for example, by using manual controls (e.g., dials) or digital controls (e.g., buttons) on the EMS device. This “on the fly” approach can allow the controlling user to accurately adjust parameters based on real-time feedback and perceptions of the patient. However, the “on the fly” approach has limitations, for example: (i) it can not always be possible to run and control stimulation sessions that include multiple phases connected to each other and each having their own stimulation parameters (e.g., this can only be possible if the machine has digital controls); (ii) controlling more advanced stimulation parameters (e.g., intensity, frequency of rest intervals during contraction / rest sessions, ramp up and ramp down durations, frequency / pulse width modulation parameters, inter-pulse intervals, etc.) can require too many confusing buttons or dials; (iii) it can not be possible or practical to adjust the same parameters on multiple EMS devices simultaneously; (iv) switching between patients can require time to find the correct record for a particular patient and re-adjust parameters on the machine, with some machines lacking digital memory and the ability to store and quickly call up multiple configuration files; and (v) not all machines have the ability to store and lock stimulation parameters, so a patient can intentionally change parameters without the physician’s knowledge, for example, when the machine is rented to the patient.

[0109] The present teachings can overcome one or more of the aforementioned challenges by using wirelessly connected EMS devices that are controlled from a mobile application or the like executing on a computing device (e.g., a smartphone or tablet computer). That is, the firmware of such EMS devices and systems (and mobile applications) can allow a physician or other controlling user to adjust relevant stimulation parameters during an actively running stimulation session (e.g., where each phase can be adjusted individually).

[0110] The adjusted parameters can be saved (locally or to the cloud) and automatically applied to future sessions (e.g., linked to a particular user) or generally to all future stimulation sessions for a particular stimulation program.

[0111] When running sessions on multiple EMS devices at the same time, the same parameters (or different parameters) can be changed on multiple EMS devices and for multiple stimulation channels of the same EMS device. Moreover, some EMS devices can be adjusted while others are not.

[0112] The stimulation parameters can also be re-adjusted at a later time, e.g., before running a stimulation session or “on the fly” during a subsequently run stimulation session.

[0113] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a method 400 for controlling a muscle stimulation session according to representative embodiments. The method 400 can begin with a physician or the like scheduling a new stimulation session for a patient having certain known conditions. However, which stimulation parameters (e.g., pulse width, pulse frequency, length of contraction phase, length of rest phase, ramp up / ramp down time, total number of contractions, total duration of session, etc.) will be more comfortable / more efficient for the particular patient can not be known.

[0114] As shown in step 402, the method 400 can include initiating a muscle stimulation session using a plurality of EMS devices engaged with an end user. The muscle stimulation session can be initiated by a controlling user, e.g., where the controlling user is one or more of a physician, trainer, and physical therapist, and the end user is a patient or client of the controlling user. For example, a physician or the like can initiate a trial session with default parameters, but can subsequently adjust relevant parameters during the session, e.g., by requiring the patient to provide feedback when adjusting parameters and / or by otherwise monitoring the patient (or simply observing) using sensors or the like.

[0115] As shown in step 404, the method 400 can include monitoring the muscle stimulation session, including analyzing one or more attributes of the end user and one or more parameters of the plurality of EMS devices. This can include using sensors (e.g., physiological sensors) and / or by asking the patient or otherwise receiving feedback from the patient.

[0116] The one or more attributes of the end user analyzed in step 404 can include sensed or measured physiological parameters of the end user (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, pulse oximetry, respiration rate and information, muscle contractions, muscle myography (MMG) readings, temperature, etc.). The one or more attributes of the end user analyzed in step 404 can also or instead include feedback received by querying the end user. In this way, the method 400 can also include querying the end user for feedback related to the muscle stimulation session. Thus, as described above, monitoring the muscle stimulation session can include analysis of a combination of sensor data and feedback received by querying the end user.

[0117] The one or more parameters of the plurality of EMS devices analyzed in step 404 can include at least one of: pulse width, pulse frequency, duration of a contraction phase, duration of a rest phase, rest period, ramp up time, ramp down time, duty cycle parameter, number of contractions, duration, burst pulse parameter, waveform shape, inter-phase interval, etc.

[0118] As shown in step 406, the method 400 can include adjusting the stimulation session based on the monitoring and feedback, e.g., during the stimulation session. Thus, the method 400 can include adjusting the muscle stimulation session based on the analysis of the aforementioned one or more attributes of the end user and the aforementioned one or more parameters of the plurality of EMS devices. Further, the stimulation session can be continuously monitored and adjusted by the control user.

[0119] Adjusting the stimulation session can include adjustment of one or more parameters of the plurality of EMS devices (e.g., the same parameters of the plurality of EMS devices analyzed in step 404). In this way, adjusting the muscle stimulation session can include changing one or more of: pulse width, pulse frequency, duration of a contraction phase, duration of a rest phase, ramp up time, ramp down time, number of contractions, duration of the muscle stimulation session, etc. Adjusting the stimulation session can also or instead include changing the position of one or more of the plurality of EMS devices, including adding or removing devices.

[0120] As shown in step 408, the method 400 can include saving parameters for the stimulation session, and / or saving feedback or data obtained from the muscle stimulation session. In this way, the method 400 can include saving parameters of a muscle stimulation session after adjusting the muscle stimulation session. For example, a physician can save parameters for a particular patient, and the next time the physician runs the same scheduled session for the patient, the parameters can be automatically preloaded (e.g., where the parameters override default parameters for the selected session). In this way, the method 400 can also include overriding default parameters with saved parameters. Of course, the physician can further adjust the parameters prior to or during the stimulation session. To this end, the initiated muscle stimulation session can include a trial session with default parameters, where the default parameters are adjustable.

[0121] The above-described systems, devices, methods, processes, etc. can be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination of these suitable for a particular application. The hardware can include a general purpose computer and / or a special purpose computing device. This includes implementation in one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, embedded microcontrollers, programmable digital signal processors or other programmable devices or processing circuitry, and internal and / or external memory. This can also or alternatively include one or more application specific integrated circuits, programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic devices, or any other device(s) that can be configured to process electronic signals. It will be appreciated that the implementation of the processes or devices described above can include the use of computer- executable code created using a structured programming language such as C, an object oriented programming language such as C++, or any other high-level or low-level programming language (including assembly languages, hardware description languages, and database programming languages and technologies), that can be stored, compiled or interpreted to run on one of the above devices, as well as heterogeneous combinations of processors, processor architectures, or combinations of different hardware and software. In another aspect, these methods can be embodied in systems that perform the steps thereof, and can be distributed across devices in a number of ways. At the same time, processing can be distributed across devices so that, for example, various systems described above or all of the functionality can be integrated into a special-purpose, standalone device or other hardware. In another aspect, modules for performing the steps associated with processes described above can include any of the hardware and / or software described above. All such arrangements and combinations are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0122] Embodiments disclosed herein can include a computer program product that includes computer executable code or computer usable code that, when executing on one or more computing devices, performs any and / or all of the steps thereof. The code can be stored in non-transitory fashion in a computer memory, which can be a memory from which the program executes (such as random access memory associated with a processor) or a storage device (such as a disk drive, flash memory or any other optical, electromagnetic, magnetic, infrared or other device or combination of devices) from which the program can be read. In another aspect, any of the systems and methods described above can be embodied in any suitable transmission or propagation medium carrying or comprising computer-executable code and / or any input or output from same.

[0123] The foregoing description has been presented for the purpose of illustration. However, the aforementioned illustrative discussions are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings.

[0124] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description, the words “comprise,” “comprising,” “include,” “including,” and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense, as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of “including, but not limited to.” Additionally, the words “herein,” “above,” “below,” and words of similar import mean throughout the application, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0125] It will be appreciated that the above- described devices, systems, and methods are set forth by way of example and not of limitation. For example, with respect to the methods provided above, the steps disclosed can be modified, supplemented, omitted, and / or reordered without departing from the scope of the disclosure, unless a specific order is explicitly required or otherwise clear from the context. Many variations, additions, omissions, and other modifications will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the above teachings. Additionally, the order or presentation of steps in the methods described above is not intended to require this order or presentation unless explicitly required or otherwise clear from the context. Stated cycles or steps need not follow a specific sequential order, unless that order or sequence is specifically required.

[0126] Unless specifically provided otherwise or otherwise clear from context, method steps of implementations described herein are intended to include any suitable method of causing such method steps to be performed, consistent with the patentability of the following claims. Thus, for example, performing X includes any suitable method for causing another party (such as a remote user, a remote processing resource (e.g., server or cloud computer) or a machine) to perform X. Similarly, performing steps X, Y, and Z can include any method of directing or controlling an any combination of such other individuals or resources to perform steps X, Y, and Z to obtain the benefit of such steps. Thus, unless specifically provided otherwise or otherwise clear from context, method steps of implementations described herein are intended to include any suitable method of causing one or more other parties or entities to perform the steps, whether of the same or different form than the steps themselves, consistent with the patentability of the following claims. Such parties or entities need not be under the direction or control of any other party or entity, and need not be located within a particular jurisdiction.

[0127] It will be appreciated that the above- described methods and systems are set forth by way of example and not limitation. Numerous variations, additions, omissions, and other modifications will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, the order or presentation of method steps described above and in the attached figures is not intended to require this order or presentation unless expressly specified or otherwise clear from the context. Therefore, although particular embodiments have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of the disclosure, along with all equivalent arrangements.

Claims

1. A system for muscle stimulation, the system comprising: The first computing device associated with the user control; A first set of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) devices is coupled to a first end user of the system, wherein one or more EMS devices in the first set of EMS devices communicate with a first processor and a first memory, and wherein one or more of the first processor and the first memory communicate with the first computing device and are configured to receive and store instructions from the first computing device. A second group of EMS devices, which are coupled to a second end user of the system, wherein one or more EMS devices in the second group communicate with a second processor and a second memory, and wherein one or more of the second processor and the second memory communicate with the first computing device and are configured to receive and store instructions from the first computing device; and The first computing device has one or more communication channels with: (i) one or more of the first processor and the first memory, and (ii) one or more of the second processor and the second memory, the one or more communication channels facilitating simultaneous operation of the first group of EMS devices and the second group of EMS devices, and the one or more communication channels are switchable to stop communication from the first computing device after a predetermined transmission of the stimulus program, so that the stimulus program can be implemented independently by the EMS devices. The first terminal user and the second terminal user are located in different geographical locations.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The one or more communication channels are configured to send data containing one or more stimulus programs from the first computing device to one or more of the first processor and the first memory, and (ii) one or more of the second processor and the second memory, for implementing the one or more stimulus programs on one or more of the EMS devices in the first group of EMS devices and one or more of the EMS devices in the second group of EMS devices.

3. The system as described in claim 2, wherein, After the data transmission, the one or more communication channels are configured to stop transmission between the first computing device and one or more of the following: the first processor, the first memory, the second processor, and the second memory.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, One or more of the first processor and the first memory are integrated with one or more of the EMS devices in the first group of EMS devices.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, One or more of the second processor and the second memory are integrated with one or more of the EMS devices in the second group of EMS devices.

6. The system of claim 1, further comprising: A second computing device associated with the first terminal user of the system, wherein one or more of the first processor and the first memory are disposed on the second computing device.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein, The second computing device is separate from and different from the first group of EMS devices, but the second computing device communicates with the first group of EMS devices.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein, The second computing device is one or more of the following: smartphone and tablet computer.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising: A third computing device associated with the second terminal user of the system, wherein one or more of the second processor and the second memory are disposed on the third computing device.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein, The third computing device is separate from and different from the second group of EMS devices, but the third computing device communicates with the second group of EMS devices.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein, The third computing device is one or more of the following: smartphones and tablet computers.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein, One or more of the first memory and the second memory are configured to store the stimulation program.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein, One or more of the first and second memories are configured to store historical data related to EMS devices and stimulation sessions.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein, The controlling user is one or more of the following: doctors and physical therapists.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein, The first terminal user and the second terminal user are patients of the controlling user.

16. The system of claim 1, wherein, The first computing device is one or more of the following: smartphone and tablet computer.

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