A k-wire surgical forceps
By designing the limiting groove and annular groove structure of the Kirschner wire surgical forceps, the problems of complex Kirschner wire bending operations and bone damage were solved, achieving simple, labor-saving bending and easy cleaning.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing Kirschner wire bending operations are complex, time-consuming, and prone to mechanical fatigue. Furthermore, ordinary needle-nose pliers may damage bone during the bending process, limiting their applicability.
A Kirschner wire surgical forceps was designed, comprising two relatively rotating jaw sections, each with a gripping head and a handle extending from it. A rotating shaft sleeve and a pressure head are provided, and the Kirschner wires can be easily bent and conveniently removed through the cooperation of a limiting groove and an annular groove.
It enables simple bending and shaping of Kirschner wires, saving effort and without damaging bone, with a wide range of applications, and is easy to clean and disinfect after bending.
Smart Images
Figure CN113616308B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention pertains to orthopedic surgical instruments, specifically orthopedic surgical forceps with bent Kirschner wires. Background Technology
[0002] Kirschner wires are a commonly used internal fixation material in orthopedics. They are slender cylindrical structures with a pointed tip, typically around 20 cm in length, with several different sizes ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 mm in diameter. They are used to fix short fractures or avulsion fractures and other fractures with low stress, and are also frequently used in orthopedic surgery for the temporary fixation of fracture fragments. While Kirschner wires offer significant advantages for fracture reduction and fixation, they also present several complications, primarily including: irritation of surrounding soft tissues by the sharp tip of the wire and wire displacement leading to loosening.
[0003] To address these issues, Professor Kramer of the University of Washington introduced a surgical method that involves bending the tip of a Kirschner wire 180° in seven steps. Using this method, fixation loss in fractures is rare, allowing for early postoperative mobilization. However, this method is time-consuming and involves numerous steps. Furthermore, repeated bending reduces the strength of the Kirschner wire tip due to mechanical fatigue. Additionally, the bending is performed after the wire has largely penetrated the bone; using ordinary needle-nose pliers leaves the tip without adequate support, putting significant pressure on the bone and increasing the risk of fractures in the surrounding bone. Moreover, it is generally only suitable for Kirschner wires with a diameter of 1.5 mm or less, limiting its applicability. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the difficulties in bending Kirschner wires and the complex structure and manufacturing challenges of existing Kirschner wire surgical forceps, this invention provides a Kirschner wire surgical forceps comprising two relatively rotating jaws, each jaw extending a clamping head to one end, the two clamping heads forming an opening and closing jaw; each jaw extending a handle to the other end, one of the clamping heads forming the opening and closing jaw is configured as a pivot, the pivot is fitted with a bushing, the bushing is connected to one end of a pressure head, the other end of the pressure head extends a contact and is connected to a pressing handle, and the jaw is provided with a structure to prevent the bushing from disengaging from the pivot.
[0005] The jaws are equipped with a structure that restricts the bushing from disengaging from the shaft. The shaft that forms the jaws is provided with a transverse groove for clamping Kirschner wires, and the bushing is located between the root of the shaft and the transverse groove.
[0006] The bushing is located between the root of the shaft and the transverse groove, and there is only one bushing located between the root of the shaft and the transverse groove.
[0007] The bushing is radially provided with an annular groove, the bottom of which mates with a transverse groove.
[0008] The other clamping head is provided with a limiting groove at its root. When the jaws clamp the Kirschner wire, the bushing or part of the bushing extends into the limiting groove.
[0009] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0010] Kirschner wire surgical forceps have a simple structure and are easy to manufacture.
[0011] When bending, the Kirschner wire bends into a hook shape along the limiting groove, which can be formed in one go and saves effort when bending; after bending, pressing the rotating shaft can separate it from the shaft hole, which is convenient for cleaning and disinfection. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of Kirschner wire surgical forceps;
[0013] Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the head of an exploding Kirschner wire surgical forceps.
[0014] Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the head of an exploding Kirschner wire surgical forceps.
[0015] Figure 4 Enlarged view of the Kirschner wire surgical forceps pressing handle 241 and the pressing head;
[0016] Figure 5 Enlarged view of the Kirschner wire surgical forceps pressing handle 241 and the pressing head;
[0017] Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the cross groove on the clamping surface of the Kirschner wire surgical forceps, which is an irregularly shaped groove;
[0018] Figure 7 A magnified view of the head of the Kirschner wire surgical forceps;
[0019] Figure 8 A magnified view of the Kirschner wire surgical forceps indenter;
[0020] Figure 9 Enlarged view of a section of Kirschner wires of different diameters held in Kirschner wire surgical forceps;
[0021] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the axis positioning method;
[0022] Figure 11 A magnified schematic diagram of the head of an exploding Kirschner wire surgical forceps.
[0023] Figure 12 A magnified view of the head of a Kirschner wire surgical forceps. Detailed Implementation
[0024] Example 1: As Figure 11A Kirschner wire surgical forceps includes two opposing jaw sections, jaw section 201 and jaw section 102, each jaw section having a clamping head extending to one end, namely clamping head I 201 and clamping head II 202. The two clamping heads form an opening and closing jaw 260; each jaw section has a handle extending to the other end, as shown in the figure, the two handles are 301 and 302.
[0025] The clamping head I 201 and clamping head II 202 constituting the opening and closing jaws are provided. One of the clamping heads is configured as a rotating shaft 230. The rotating shaft 230 is fitted with a bushing 232. The bushing 232 is connected to one end of the pressure head 231. The other end of the pressure head 231 extends out of the contact 2312 and is connected to the pressing handle 241. The jaws 260 are provided with a structure that restricts the bushing 232 from disengaging from the rotating shaft 230.
[0026] The jaw 260 is provided with a structure that restricts the bushing 232 from disengaging from the shaft 230. A transverse groove 2110 for clamping Kirschner wires is provided for the shaft 230 that constitutes the jaw 260. The bushing 232 is located between the root of the shaft 230 and the transverse groove 2110.
[0027] The bushing 232 is located between the root of the rotating shaft 230 and the transverse groove 2110, and there is only one bushing located between the root of the rotating shaft 230 and the transverse groove 2110.
[0028] The bushing 232 has a radially arranged annular groove 2320, the bottom of which mates with the transverse groove 2110. After the bottom of the annular groove 2320 mates with the transverse groove 2110, during the bending process around the shaft, the bottom of the annular groove 2320 always protrudes from the transverse groove 2110. The transverse groove 2110 clamps the Kirschner wire, which is then fixed by the transverse groove 2110. The Kirschner wire prevents the bushing 232 between the root of the shaft 230 and the transverse groove 2110 from disengaging from the shaft 230.
[0029] Another clamping head has a limiting groove 2021 at its root. When the jaws 260 clamp the Kirschner wire, the bushing 232 or part of the bushing extends into the limiting groove 2021.
[0030] The working process of this invention is as follows:
[0031] The shaft hole 2300 on the pressure head 231 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 230, so that the bushing 232 is located between the root of the rotating shaft 230 and the transverse groove 2110. After the bottom of the annular groove 2320 mates with the transverse groove 2110, the bottom of the annular groove 2320 is exposed above the transverse groove 2110, which is used to hold the Kirschner wire. Finally, the transverse grooves 2110 and 2320 define the position of the bushing and the rotating shaft.
[0032] In the initial state, the contact 2312 on the pressure head 231 is on one side of the clamping head I 201. Moving the handles 301 and 302 opens the jaws 260, allowing the Kirschner wire to be inserted. At this time, the Kirschner wire is fixed by the transverse groove 2110.
[0033] When handles 301 and 302 are rotated, jaws 260 clamp the Kirschner wire, and a limiting groove 2021 is provided at the root of another clamping head. At this time, bushing 232 or part of bushing extends into the limiting groove 2021.
[0034] Rotate the pressing handle 241 to bring the limiting groove 2310 on the contact 2312 into contact with the upper end of the Kirschner wire. During the rotation of the pressing handle, the Kirschner wire deforms around the clamping head II 202. After deforming to a certain angle, the Kirschner wire, under the combined action of the inner arc surface 2311 of the pressing head 231 and the contact 2312, is formed into a hook shape. Then rotate the handles 301 and 302, and the jaws 260 open. Because the tip of the jaws 260 is relatively thin, the hook-shaped Kirschner wire can be easily removed at this point.
[0035] Example 2: As Figure 1 A K-type surgical forceps includes handles 301 and 302, a handle shaft 103, a head 210, a head 220, a pressing handle 241, and a jaw 260.
[0036] like Figure 2 A Kirschner wire surgical forceps includes two opposing cheek rotating parts, cheek rotating part I 101 and cheek rotating part II 102. Clamping heads I 201 and II 202 extend from one end of cheek rotating part I 101 and cheek rotating part II 102 respectively, forming an opening and closing jaw 260. One of the clamping heads, clamping head I 201, is provided with a transverse groove surface 2110. In fact, the transverse groove surface extends directly from the cheek rotating part. Because the distance between the transverse groove for clamping the Kirschner wire and the cheek rotating axis is short, clamping the Kirschner wire is less effort and easier. When bending the Kirschner wire, the transverse groove 2110 of the clamping surface of clamping head I 201 limits the Kirschner wire, and the Kirschner wire bends around the other clamping head II 202. The end of clamping head II 202 is thinner than its root and has a smooth surface, facilitating the removal of the bent Kirschner wire.
[0037] A shaft hole 240 is provided on the clamping head I 201 with clamping surface 211 or on the cheek 102 extending from the clamping head I 201. The shaft hole 240 is a blind hole. The extension direction of the pressing shaft 230 is consistent with the direction of the shaft hole 240.
[0038] A pressing head 231 is provided on the pressing shaft 230, and a pressing handle 241 is connected to the pressing head 231. During the rotation of the pressing handle 241 around the pressing shaft 230, the pressing head 231 can press the held Kirschner wire into a hook shape, thus forming a Kirschner wire bending pliers.
[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the shaft hole 240 is tangent to the upper end face of the clamping head I 201, and the center line of the rotating shaft 240 is tangent to the bottom of the transverse groove 2110 of the clamping surface 211. In this way, the rotation center of the pressing handle 241 is always tangent to the Kirschner wire being clamped. After the rotating hole 240 and the rotating shaft 230 are engaged, the pressing handle 241 is rotated, and the Kirschner wire bends and deforms around the clamping head II 202. During the entire deformation process, the rotation center of the rotating shaft is always closest to the central axis of the Kirschner wire's bending and rotation, and the hook shape is minimized.
[0040] The pressing shaft 230 has a cylindrical boss on the side of one end face of the pressing head 231, which is detachable for easy cleaning before and after use. The other end of the pressing shaft is connected to the pressing head 231 as a single unit.
[0041] The pressure head 231 is provided with a contact 2312, which may be used for bending. A limiting groove 2320 is provided inside the pressure head 231. The limiting groove 2320 is always tangent to the Kirschner wire. During the process of rotating the pressure head 231 to press the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the Kirschner wire always passes through both the transverse groove 2110 and the annular groove 2320, thus limiting (i.e., locking) the relative position of the shaft hole 240 and the pressing shaft 230 during relative rotation, preventing the pressing shaft 230 from dislodging from the shaft hole 240. The minimum length of the limiting groove 2320 is such that during the process of rotating the pressure head 231 to press the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, this section of the annular groove 2320 is always in contact with the Kirschner wire.
[0042] The inner surface 2311 of the pressure head 231 can be an arc-shaped surface or a flat surface. When clamping Kirschner wires with a larger diameter, the arc-shaped surface has a larger curvature. A guide groove can be provided on the arc-shaped surface 2311.
[0043] The contact 2312 is provided with a pressing groove 2310 that mates with the transverse groove 2110. The cross-section of the annular groove 2320 and the transverse groove 2110 is U-shaped, and the cross-section of the pressing groove 2310 can be rectangular, U-shaped, semi-circular, or small semi-circular. The small semi-circular refers to the arc of the annular groove or transverse groove being smaller than the arc of the semi-circle. During the process of pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the pressing groove 2310 is always tangent to the Kirschner wire. The pressing groove 2310 limits the Kirschner wire, maximizing the prevention of lateral twisting during the bending and deformation of the Kirschner wire, and pressing the Kirschner wire into a regular hook shape.
[0044] Generally, there will be no axial force that causes the pressure head to detach from the jaws. However, when a large force is applied and the direction of the force is deviated, an axial force will be generated that causes the pressure head to detach from the jaws. At this time, since the Kirschner wire is simultaneously stuck in the transverse groove and the limiting groove, the Kirschner wire restricts the limiting groove from detaching from the transverse groove. Since the limiting groove is integrated with the pressure head, it also restricts the pressure head from detaching from the jaws.
[0045] During the bending process, the shaft 230 rotates around the shaft hole 240. When the jaws clamp the Kirschner wire through the transverse groove 2110, the Kirschner wire is stuck in the transverse groove. At the same time, the Kirschner wire is also stuck in the limiting groove, which prevents the pressure head from disengaging from the jaws. As long as the position of the shaft is selected appropriately, the Kirschner wire can be held into a regular hook shape.
[0046] The hole 240 or shaft 230 is used to connect the pressing handle 241. The pressure head 231, contact 2312 and pressing handle 241, which are integral structures connected by the hole 240 or shaft 230, can also be detached components.
[0047] Example 3: As Figure 1 A K-type surgical forceps includes handles 301 and 302, a handle shaft 103, a head 210, a head 220, a pressing handle 241, and a jaw 260.
[0048] like Figure 3 A Kirschner wire surgical forceps includes two opposing cheek rotating parts, cheek rotating part I 101 and cheek rotating part II 102. Clamping heads I 201 and II 202 extend from one end of cheek rotating parts I 101 and II 102 respectively, forming an opening and closing jaw 260. Handles I 301 and II 302 extend from the other end of cheek rotating parts I 101 and II 102 respectively. One of the clamping heads, clamping head I 201, is provided with a transverse groove surface. In fact, the transverse groove surface extends directly from the cheek rotating part. Because the distance between the transverse groove for clamping the Kirschner wire and the cheek rotating axis is short, clamping the Kirschner wire is less effort and easier to tighten. When the Kirschner wire is bent, the transverse groove 2110 on the clamping surface of clamping head I 201 limits the Kirschner wire. The Kirschner wire is bent around another clamping head II 202. The end of clamping head II 202 is thinner than the root and has a smooth surface, which makes it easy for the bent Kirschner wire to come out.
[0049] The transverse groove 2110 of the clamping head I201 limits the Kirschner wire. The transverse groove 2110 is a small semi-circular groove. The small semi-circular groove is an annular groove or a transverse groove whose arc is smaller than the arc of a semi-circle. The small semi-circular groove can clamp Kirschner wires of various diameter ranges, but when clamping small diameter Kirschner wires, the Kirschner wire will slide in the vertical direction of the transverse groove 2110.
[0050] A clamping head I 201 with a clamping surface 211, or a jaw 102 extending from the clamping head I 201, has a shaft hole 240, which is a blind hole. The extension direction of the pressing shaft 230 is consistent with the direction of the shaft hole 240. A pressing head 231 is provided on the pressing shaft 230, and a pressing handle 241 is connected to the pressing head 231. During the rotation of the pressing handle 241 around the pressing shaft 230, the pressing head 231 can press the clamped Kirschner wire into a hook shape, thus forming a Kirschner wire bending pliers.
[0051] The pressing shaft 230 has a cylindrical boss on the side of the end face of one end of the pressing head 231, which is detachable for easy cleaning before and after use. The other end of the pressing shaft is connected to the pressing head 231 as a whole. The pressing head 231 is provided with a contact 2312, which is used for bending, either as part of the contact or as just the contact.
[0052] The pressure head 231 is provided with a small semi-circular limiting groove 2320 and a Kirschner wire limiting protrusion 2330. The inner side of the limiting protrusion 2330 is connected to the limiting groove 2320 as a whole. The length of the protrusion exceeds the central axis of the Kirschner wire, so that during the process of the rotating pressure head 231 pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the Kirschner wire always passes through both the transverse groove 2110 and the inner side of the small semi-circular groove 2320 and the limiting protrusion 2330. The limiting protrusion 2330 is always tangent to the Kirschner wire, restricting the relative position of the shaft hole 240 and the pressing shaft 230 during relative rotation, preventing the pressing shaft 230 from dislodging from the shaft hole 240. The limiting groove 2320 has a minimum length such that during the process of the rotating pressure head 231 pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, this annular groove 2320 is always in contact with the Kirschner wire.
[0053] Optional, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the limiting protrusion 2330 and the pressure head 231 are connected as a whole, which increases the strength of the pressure head 231.
[0054] The limiting groove 2320 and the pressing groove 2310 can be circular, U-shaped, or rectangular. The depth of the limiting groove 2320 is greater than or equal to the depth of the transverse groove 2110 of the clamping surface 211 of the clamping head I 201, and the width is less than the thickness of the pressing head 231.
[0055] The inner surface 2311 of the pressure head 231 can be an arc-shaped surface or a flat surface. When clamping Kirschner wires with a larger diameter, the arc-shaped surface has a larger curvature. A guide groove can be provided on the arc-shaped surface 2311.
[0056] The contact 2312 is provided with a pressing groove 2310, so that during the process of pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the pressing groove 2310 is always tangent to the Kirschner wire, limiting the Kirschner wire and preventing lateral twisting during the bending and deformation process, thus pressing the Kirschner wire into a regular hook shape.
[0057] Generally, there is no axial force causing the pressure head to detach from the jaws. However, when a large force is applied, or the direction of the force deviates, an axial force can cause the pressure head to detach from the jaws. In this case, because the Kirschner wire is simultaneously engaged in the transverse groove and the limiting groove, the Kirschner wire prevents the limiting groove from detaching from the transverse groove. Since the limiting groove is integrated with the pressure head, it also prevents the pressure head from detaching from the jaws. During the bending process, the shaft rotates around the shaft hole. When the jaws clamp the Kirschner wire through the transverse groove, the Kirschner wire is engaged in the transverse groove and simultaneously in the limiting groove, preventing the pressure head from detaching from the jaws. By properly selecting the position of the shaft, the Kirschner wire can be held into a neat hook shape.
[0058] The 240 hole or shaft 230 is used to connect the pressing handle 241. The pressure head 231, contact 2312 and pressing handle 241, which are integral structures connected by the hole 240 or shaft 230, can also be detached components.
[0059] Example 4: Figure 1 A K-type surgical forceps includes handles 301 and 302, a handle shaft 103, a head 210, a head 220, a pressing handle 241, and a jaw 260.
[0060] like Figure 2 A Kirschner wire surgical forceps includes two opposing cheek rotating parts, cheek rotating part I 101 and cheek rotating part II 102. Clamping heads I 201 and II 202 extend from one end of cheek rotating parts I 101 and II 102 respectively, forming an opening and closing jaw 260. Handles I 301 and II 302 extend from the other end of cheek rotating parts I 101 and II 102 respectively. One of the clamping heads, clamping head I 201, is provided with a transverse groove surface. In fact, the transverse groove surface extends directly from the cheek rotating part. Because the distance between the transverse groove for clamping the Kirschner wire and the cheek rotating axis is short, clamping the Kirschner wire is less effort and easier to tighten. When the Kirschner wire is bent, the transverse groove 2110 on the clamping surface of clamping head I 201 limits the Kirschner wire. The Kirschner wire is bent around another clamping head II 202. The end of clamping head II 202 is thinner than the root and has a smooth surface, which makes it easy for the bent Kirschner wire to come out.
[0061] A clamping head I 201 with a clamping surface 211, or a jaw 102 extending from the clamping head I 201, has a shaft hole 240, which is a blind hole. The extension direction of the pressing shaft 230 is consistent with the direction of the shaft hole 240. A pressing head 231 is provided on the pressing shaft 230, and a pressing handle 241 is connected to the pressing head 231. During the rotation of the pressing handle 241 around the pressing shaft 230, the pressing head 231 can press the clamped Kirschner wire into a hook shape, thus forming a Kirschner wire bending pliers.
[0062] The shaft hole 240 is tangent to the upper end face of the clamping head I 201, and the center line of the rotating shaft 240 is tangent to the bottom of the transverse groove 2110 of the clamping surface 211. In this way, when clamping small-diameter Kirschner wires, the rotation center of the pressing handle 241 is always tangent to the Kirschner wire being clamped. After the rotating hole 240 and the rotating shaft 230 are engaged, the pressing handle 241 is rotated, and the Kirschner wire bends and deforms around the clamping head II 202. During the entire deformation process, the rotation center of the rotating shaft is always closest to the central axis of the Kirschner wire bending and rotating, and the hook shape is minimized.
[0063] The pressing shaft 230 has a cylindrical boss on the side of the end face of one end of the pressing head 231, which is detachable for easy cleaning before and after use. The other end of the pressing shaft is connected to the pressing head 231 as a whole. The pressing head 231 is provided with a contact 2312, which is used for bending, either as part of the contact or as just the contact.
[0064] The pressure head 231 is provided with a limiting groove 2320 and a Kirschner wire limiting protrusion 2330. The inner side of the limiting protrusion 2330 is connected to the limiting groove 2320 as a whole. The length of the protrusion exceeds the central axis of the Kirschner wire, so that during the process of the rotating pressure head 231 pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the Kirschner wire always passes through both the transverse groove 2110 and the groove 2320 and the inner side of the limiting protrusion 2330. The limiting protrusion 2330 is always tangent to the Kirschner wire, restricting the relative position of the shaft hole 240 and the pressing shaft 230 during relative rotation, preventing the pressing shaft 230 from dislodging from the shaft hole 240. The limiting groove 2320 has a minimum length such that during the process of the rotating pressure head 231 pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, this annular groove 2320 is always in contact with the Kirschner wire.
[0065] Optional, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The limiting protrusion 2330 and the pressure head 231 are connected as a whole, which increases the strength of the pressure head 231.
[0066] like Figure 6 The transverse groove 2110 is an irregularly shaped groove, and the contact 2312 is provided with a pressing groove 2310 that mates with the transverse groove 2110. The irregularly shaped groove is formed by combining two or more arcs smaller than semicircles along the horizontal groove surface. For example... Figure 9 A magnified view of the jaws 260 clamping steel needles of different diameters. This type of groove can clamp Kirschner needles with a wide range of diameters, and there is very little or no slippage in the vertical direction of the transverse groove 2110.
[0067] The inner surface 2311 of the pressure head 231 can be an arc-shaped surface or a flat surface. When clamping Kirschner wires with a larger diameter, the arc-shaped surface has a larger curvature. A guide groove can be provided on the arc-shaped surface 2311.
[0068] The cross-sections of the annular groove 2320 and the pressing groove 2310 can be rectangular, U-shaped, semi-circular, or small semi-circular. The small semi-circular refers to the arc of the annular groove or transverse groove being smaller than the arc of a semi-circle. During the process of pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the pressing groove 2310 on the contact is always tangent to the Kirschner wire. The pressing groove 2310 limits the Kirschner wire, maximizing the prevention of lateral twisting during bending and deformation, thus pressing the Kirschner wire into a regular hook shape.
[0069] Generally, there will be no axial force that causes the pressure head to detach from the jaws. However, when a large force is applied and the direction of the force is deviated, an axial force will be generated that causes the pressure head to detach from the jaws. At this time, since the Kirschner wire is simultaneously stuck in the transverse groove and the limiting groove, the Kirschner wire restricts the limiting groove from detaching from the transverse groove. Since the limiting groove is integrated with the pressure head, it also restricts the pressure head from detaching from the jaws.
[0070] During the bending process, the shaft rotates around the shaft hole. When the jaws clamp the Kirschner wire through the transverse groove, the Kirschner wire is stuck in the transverse groove. At the same time, the Kirschner wire is also stuck in the limiting groove, which prevents the pressure head from disengaging from the jaws. As long as the position of the shaft is selected appropriately, the Kirschner wire can be held into a regular hook shape.
[0071] The 240 hole or shaft 230 is used to connect the pressing handle 241. The pressure head 231, contact 2312 and pressing handle 241, which are integral structures connected by the hole 240 or shaft 230, can also be detached components.
[0072] Example 5: Figure 1 and Figure 2 A Kirschner wire surgical forceps includes two opposing cheek rotating parts, cheek rotating part I 101 and cheek rotating part II 102. Clamping heads I 201 and II 202 extend from one end of cheek rotating parts I 101 and II 102 respectively, forming an opening and closing jaw 260. Handles I 301 and II 302 extend from the other end of cheek rotating parts I 101 and II 102 respectively. One of the clamping heads, clamping head I 201, is provided with a transverse groove surface. In fact, the transverse groove surface extends directly from the cheek rotating part. Because the distance between the transverse groove for clamping the Kirschner wire and the cheek rotating axis is short, clamping the Kirschner wire is less effort and easier to tighten. When the Kirschner wire is bent, the transverse groove 2110 on the clamping surface of clamping head I 201 limits the Kirschner wire. The Kirschner wire is bent around another clamping head II 202. The end of clamping head II 202 is thinner than the root and has a smooth surface, which makes it easy for the bent Kirschner wire to come out.
[0073] like Figure 7A pressing shaft 230 is provided on the clamping head I 201 with clamping surface 211 or on the cheek portion 102 extending from the clamping head I 201. The extension direction of the pressing shaft 230 is consistent with the extension direction of the clamping head I 201 with clamping surface 211. A pressure head 231 is fitted onto the pressing shaft 230, and a contact 2312 is provided on the pressure head 231. The pressure head includes or only has a contact for bending. A pressing handle 241 is connected to the pressure head 231. The pressure head 231 can press the clamped Kirschner wire into a hook shape, thus forming a Kirschner wire bending pliers.
[0074] The pressing shaft 230 is fitted with a pressing head 231. The pressing head 231 has a shaft hole 2300 that mates with the pressing shaft 230 and is connected to a pressing handle 241. The shaft hole 2300 is a blind hole. Rotating the pressing head 231 can press the clamped Kirschner wire into a hook shape, thus forming a Kirschner wire bending pliers.
[0075] The shaft hole 2300 of the pressure head 231 forms a partial annular bushing 232 around its periphery. An annular groove 2320 is provided on the outer side of the bushing 232, with the center line of the bottom of the annular groove 2320 tangent to the center line of the bottom of the transverse groove 2110 on the clamping surface 211. The limiting groove 2320 has a minimum length such that this section of the annular groove 2320 remains in contact with the Kirschner wire throughout the process of the rotating pressure head 231 pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape. This structure ensures that when the shaft hole 2300 of the pressure head 231 is engaged with the pressing shaft 230, the Kirschner wire passes through both the transverse groove 2110 and the annular groove 2320 because the center line of the bottom of the annular groove 2320 is tangent to the center line of the bottom of the transverse groove 2110 on the clamping surface 211. This restricts (i.e., locks) the relative position of the shaft hole 2300 and the pressing shaft 230 during relative rotation, preventing the shaft hole 2300 from dislodging from the pressing shaft 230.
[0076] The inner surface 2311 of the pressure head 231 can be an arc-shaped surface or a flat surface. When clamping Kirschner wires with a larger diameter, the arc-shaped surface has a larger curvature. A guide groove can be provided on the arc-shaped surface 2311.
[0077] Optional, such as Figure 8 As shown, the pressing shaft 230 is fitted with a pressing head 231. The pressing head 231 has a shaft hole 2300 that mates with the pressing shaft 230 and is connected to a pressing handle 241. The shaft hole 2300 is a through hole. After the pressing head is installed on the shaft, the outer end face of the shaft 230 is flush with the outer end face of the pressing head 231. The outer ring of the shaft hole is a bushing 232, which has a limiting groove 2320, and the contact 2311 has a limiting groove 2310. During the bending process, the bushing rotates around the shaft. When the jaws clamp the Kirschner wire through the transverse groove, the Kirschner wire is stuck in the transverse groove, and at the same time, the Kirschner wire is also stuck in the limiting groove, preventing the pressing head from disengaging from the jaws.
[0078] Optional, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The limiting protrusion 2330 and the pressure head 231 are connected as a whole, which increases the strength of the pressure head 231.
[0079] The minimum length of the limiting groove 2320 is such that during the process of the rotating pressure head 231 pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, this section of the annular groove 2320 is always in contact with the Kirschner wire. This structure ensures that during the process of the rotating pressure head 231 pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the Kirschner wire always passes through both the transverse groove 2110 and the annular groove 2320, thus always limiting (i.e. locking) the relative position of the shaft hole 2300 and the pressing shaft 230 during relative rotation, preventing the shaft hole 2300 from dislodging from the pressing shaft 230.
[0080] A pressing groove 2310 is provided on the contact. During the process of pressing the Kirschner wire into a hook shape, the pressing groove 2310 always limits the Kirschner wire and presses it into a regular hook shape.
[0081] Generally, there will be no axial force that causes the pressure head to detach from the jaws. However, when a large force is applied and the direction of the force is deviated, an axial force will be generated that causes the pressure head to detach from the jaws. At this time, since the Kirschner wire is simultaneously stuck in the transverse groove and the limiting groove, the Kirschner wire restricts the limiting groove from detaching from the transverse groove. Since the limiting groove is integrated with the pressure head, it also restricts the pressure head from detaching from the jaws.
[0082] The cross-section of the annular groove 2320, the transverse groove 2110, or the pressing groove 2310 is rectangular, U-shaped, semi-circular, or small semi-circular. The small semi-circular refers to the arc of the annular groove or the transverse groove being smaller than the arc of the semi-circle.
[0083] During the bending process, the shaft rotates around the shaft hole. When the jaws clamp the Kirschner wire through the transverse groove, the Kirschner wire is stuck in the transverse groove. At the same time, the Kirschner wire is also stuck in the limiting groove, which prevents the pressure head from disengaging from the jaws. As long as the position of the shaft is selected appropriately, the Kirschner wire can be held into a regular hook shape.
[0084] The shaft hole or the shaft 230 that mates with it is used to connect the pressing handle 241. The pressure head 231, contact 2312 and pressing handle 241, which are integral structures connected by the hole or shaft 230, can also be detached components.
[0085] Example 6: A method for axial positioning of a hole or shaft in a Kirschner wire surgical forceps, comprising the following steps:
[0086] like Figure 10 Let the Kirschner wire of length πa be a straight line between point O (0,0) and point A (0,πa) in the X,Y coordinate system. After bending, its shape in the X,Y coordinate system is a semicircle in the second quadrant with point B (-a,0) as the center and radius a. One end of the semicircle is point O, and the other end is point C (-2a,0).
[0087] (1) The starting point of the bending contact is always on line segment OA, and the ending point of the bending contact is at point C. Then the axis satisfies the equation:
[0088]
[0089] Right now: h ①
[0090] (2) If the distance from the axis center to point C is equal to the distance from the axis line to line segment OA, then the axis center satisfies the equation:
[0091]
[0092] Right now: ; ②
[0093] (3) Take h=0 for equation ①, then x=-a. Plotting the graph will give us the line BL.
[0094] Let h = πa, then ;
[0095] Considering that the semicircle after bending contains a shaped core block and must not interfere with the contact,
[0096] Take y for equation ② If so, the graph will be a hyperbola between B and N;
[0097] Therefore, the area where the axis is located is the region enclosed by BN, NL, LP, PM, and MB.
[0098] Where Q is the intersection of hyperbola BN and AC, P is the intersection of lines AC, BL, and MN, and D is the intersection of lines MN and OA.
[0099] To ensure that the contact point does not move far from the bending end of the Kirschner wire during the bending process, the range of the axis is selected as the area enclosed by BQ, QP, PM, and MB.
[0100] Since the movement path of the bending end of the Kirschner wire during bending is the involute between AC, in order for the contact to always contact the Kirschner wire, the distance from the axis to the involute must be greater than the distance from the axis to point C. Therefore, the range of the axis is the area enclosed by BQ, QD, DM, and MB.
[0101] The range of the shaft center determined by the above method is affected by the forming core block (bent shape) and the diameter of the Kirschner wire. The range of the shaft center needs to be expanded to the periphery of the above range. Sometimes, a guide groove is provided in the pressure head, which can also make the shaft center move out of the above range.
Claims
1. A K-wire surgical forceps comprising two jaws which are relatively rotatable, each jaw extending to one end with a holding head, the two holding heads constituting an opening and closing forceps mouth; each jaw extending to the other end with a forceps handle, characterized in that: The two clamping heads of the opening and closing jaw are provided with a rotating shaft, a shaft sleeve, one end of a pressing head connected with the shaft sleeve, the other end of the pressing head extended to a contact head and connected with a pressing handle, and a structure for limiting the shaft sleeve from being separated from the rotating shaft; the structure for limiting the shaft sleeve from being separated from the rotating shaft is a horizontal slot for clamping a Kirschner wire provided on the rotating shaft of the jaw, and the shaft sleeve is located between the root of the rotating shaft and the horizontal slot; the shaft sleeve is provided with a ring-shaped slot hole in the radial direction, and the bottom of the ring-shaped slot hole is matched with the horizontal slot; the shaft hole (2300) on the pressing head (231) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (230), so that the shaft sleeve (232) is located between the root of the rotating shaft (230) and the horizontal slot (2110), and the bottom of the ring-shaped slot hole (2320) is matched with the horizontal slot (2110) after the bottom of the ring-shaped slot hole (2320) is exposed to the horizontal slot (2110), the horizontal slot (2110) is used for clamping the Kirschner wire; the shaft sleeve and the rotating shaft are limited in position by the Kirschner wire penetrating through the horizontal slot (2110) and the ring-shaped slot hole (2320).
2. The K-wire surgical forceps of claim 1, wherein: The other clamping head is provided with a limiting slot at the root, and when the jaw clamps the Kirschner wire, all or part of the shaft sleeve is inserted into the limiting slot.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Kirschner wire bending device
CN106137370A
Kirschner wire tail end bender
CN108175497A