Emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures, comprising a support body and a detachable traction reduction mechanism fixed on the support body. The patient lies flat, and the patient's feet are fixed on the lower support section. By controlling the lower support section to move away from or close to the middle support section, the fracture can be reduced and the length of the lower limb can be restored. The lower support section can rotate left and right relative to the main body, and the rotation adjustment makes the patient's toes face upward, so as to correct the internal rotation or valgus deformity of the broken bone at the distal end of the fracture line; then the proximal end of the lower support section is driven to rise, so that the patient is in a knee flexion state, so that the patient's patella faces upward, and the internal rotation or valgus deformity of the broken bone at the proximal end of the fracture line can be corrected during the knee flexion process. The three-dimensional traction frame acts on the traction pin, and by pulling the traction pin up and down and left and right, the lateral angular deformity and the anterior-posterior angular deformity of the proximal and distal ends of the fracture line can be traction-reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, and in particular to an emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures. Background Art

[0002] Femoral fracture is a common fracture in clinical practice. Due to the strong leg muscles, patients often suffer from shortening deformity due to muscle traction after tibia fracture. It is difficult to reduce, restore and effectively maintain the length during surgery. If anatomical reduction cannot be achieved during surgery, complications such as malformation and poor lower limb alignment may occur after surgery, leading to traumatic arthritis or osteoarthritis, which seriously affects the patient's limb function and quality of life.

[0003] Intramedullary nail fixation or percutaneous minimally invasive plate implantation are common treatments for tibial fractures. Intraoperative traction is an important means to reduce tibial fractures and restore the length of the lower limbs. At present, two assistants are generally required to help pull the patient during intramedullary nail implantation or percutaneous minimally invasive plate implantation. The two assistants hold the proximal and distal ends of the broken bone to reduce the tibia. However, this method often cannot stably maintain fracture reduction and lower limb length, and the reduction effect is not ideal, thus affecting the treatment effect; and the two assistants will occupy the surgeon's space and affect the surgeon's surgical operation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures to meet the needs of clinical work and facilitate the smooth recovery of the fractured part of the patient. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures, characterized in that it comprises:

[0008] The middle support section is placed on the bed and is used to support the patient's knee joint and tibia. A movable leg is rotatably connected to the distal end of the middle support section, and a movable leg is slidably connected to the proximal end of the middle support section. The movable leg at the proximal end can be extended and retracted to raise the proximal end of the middle support section.

[0009] The lower support section is used to support the patient's foot, and its upper end surface is flush with the upper end surface of the middle support section. A fixing part for fixing the patient's foot is provided on the upper surface of the support section. The fixing part has a notch for exposing the calcaneus and toes and allowing the calcaneus to rest on the lower support section. The proximal end of the lower support section is connected to the distal end of the middle support section, and can be moved close to or away from the middle support section and locked, as well as rotated left and right and locked;

[0010] The device also includes a detachable traction and reduction mechanism fixed on the middle support section, which includes two three-dimensional traction frames, which act on the traction nails driven into the distal end and the proximal end of the broken bone respectively, and can pull the traction nails up and down and left and right and lock them.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the proximal end of the middle support section has an elastic support portion for supporting the patient's knee joint.

[0012] A further technical solution is that waste liquid guide grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the middle support section along the length direction, and the far end of the waste liquid guide groove has a drainage port connected to a drainage pipe.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the fixing part includes a movable plate located on the upper end surface of the lower supporting section, flush with the upper end surface of the upper supporting section and capable of moving left and right along the lower supporting section and being locked, and two half boot bodies are provided on the movable plate, the two half boot bodies can be closed and tightly embraced the patient's ankle and distal tibia, and the half boot bodies include a half boot shell and a detachable elastic pad layer fixed in the half boot shell.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a transverse traction screw is fixed on the outside of at least half of the boot body, the traction screw axially moves through a fixed block fixed on the movable plate and is rotationally limited, and an adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the inner side of the traction screw located on the fixed block.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the distal end of the middle support segment has a sliding cavity, and the connection structure between the lower support segment and the middle support segment includes;

[0016] A slide plate is slidably disposed in the slide cavity and can be locked;

[0017] A connecting sleeve is fixed to the distal end of the slide plate, and has a tooth surface 1 on the end surface of the distal end of the connecting sleeve;

[0018] A rotating shaft, one end of which is rotatably inserted into the connecting sleeve, and the other end is fixed to the lower supporting section, the rotating shaft having an external thread and a non-circular cross section;

[0019] A snap ring, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft and has a through hole matching the cross section of the rotating shaft, and one end of the snap ring facing the connecting sleeve has a tooth surface 2 capable of meshing with the tooth surface 1; and

[0020] The lock nut is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft and can press the clamping ring onto the connecting sleeve.

[0021] A further technical solution is that a rack plate that can float up and down and be locked is embedded in the upper end surface of the slide plate, and the rack plate is arranged along the length direction of the bed body. A driving gear is meshed above the rack plate, and the driving gear is connected to a driving shaft rotatably connected to the middle support section. The driving shaft extends out of the sliding cavity and is located on one side outside the middle support section.

[0022] A further technical solution is that the cross-section of the drive shaft extending out of the middle support section is polygonal and is sleeved with a locking sleeve, the inner hole of the locking sleeve matches the cross-section of the drive shaft, the outer wall of the locking sleeve is also polygonal, and the outer wall of the middle support section has a polygonal locking groove for accommodating the inner end of the locking sleeve.

[0023] A further technical solution is that the left and right sides of the middle support section are provided with side baffles that can be folded downward by 180 degrees, and the top of the side baffles is provided with a structure that is engaged and fixed with the three-dimensional traction frame.

[0024] A further technical solution is that the top of the side baffle is provided with a T-shaped slideway, the three-dimensional traction frame card is provided with a slider that is slidably engaged with the slideway, and the slideway and the slider can be locked by a locking piece.

[0025] A further technical solution is that the three-dimensional traction frame comprises:

[0026] The plunger is set vertically and can be raised, lowered and locked;

[0027] A crossbar, which can slide horizontally and be locked, is arranged on the top of the insertion rod;

[0028] A positioning mechanism, disposed at the inner end of the crossbar, is used to simulate the trajectory of the traction pin driven into the broken bone and to radially position the traction pin; and

[0029] The driving mechanism is used to drive the traction nail to move up and down along the driving track.

[0030] A further technical solution is that the three-dimensional traction frame further includes:

[0031] The fixed cylinder is detachably fixed on the middle support section and has a slide groove opened along the width direction of the bed body, and the opening of the slide groove is arranged outward;

[0032] The quick-adjusting block has a stepped structure. The quick-adjusting block is slidably placed in the slide slot and is restricted by the steps to be released from the slide slot. The outer end of the quick-adjusting block extends out of the slide slot. A vertical plug hole is provided on the quick-adjusting block. The two ends of the fixed cylinder corresponding to the plug hole have polygonal notches. A block protrudes from the inner wall of the plug hole; and

[0033] The spring is pressed between the bottom of the slide slot and the quick-adjusting block, exerting an outward thrust on the quick-adjusting block;

[0034] The outer wall of the insertion rod is provided with multiple circles of recessed slots at intervals. The insertion rod is inserted into the insertion hole and matches the shape of the notch on the fixed tube. Under the action of the spring, the insertion rod and the insertion hole are eccentrically arranged so that the card block is inserted into the slot to realize the lifting and locking of the insertion rod.

[0035] A further technical solution is that a fixing block 2 is fixed to the top of the insertion rod, the cross bar has an external thread, and its cross section is non-circular. The fixing block 2 has a hole for the cross bar to slide through and matches the cross section of the cross bar, and an adjusting nut 2 is threadedly connected to the cross bar on the inner side of the fixing block 2.

[0036] A further technical solution is that the positioning mechanism comprises:

[0037] A fixing rod fixed vertically to the inner end of the crossbar; and

[0038] At least three telescopic rods are arranged in parallel up and down, each telescopic rod is arranged horizontally, one end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the fixed rod, and the other end is fixed with a positioning ring.

[0039] A further technical solution is that the driving mechanism comprises:

[0040] Spiral teeth are arranged on the traction nails to form a worm structure;

[0041] A second telescopic rod is arranged horizontally, one end of which is fixed to the inner end of the crossbar; and

[0042] The worm wheel is rotatably connected to the other end of the telescopic rod 2, and the driving handle is assembled on the worm wheel. The worm wheel can be meshed with the worm structure on the traction nail for transmission.

[0043] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0044] The patient lies flat on the bed, and the patient's feet are fixed on the lower supporting section. By controlling the lower supporting section to move away from or closer to the middle supporting section, the fracture can be reduced and the length of the lower limb can be restored. The setting of the device ensures that the heel is flush with the posterior edge of the calf, which conforms to the human body shape, so that the length can be accurately restored and no secondary dislocation deformity will be caused.

[0045] When resetting the tibia for internal rotation or valgus deformity, the resetting is performed with reference to the standard that in a normal state, the toes of a person lying flat face upward, and the patella faces upward when the knee is bent. In the device, the lower support segment can rotate left and right relative to the main body, and the rotation adjustment makes the patient's toes face upward, thereby correcting the internal rotation or valgus deformity of the broken bone at the distal end of the fracture line; then the proximal end of the lower support segment is driven to rise, so that the patient is in a state of knee flexion, and the patient's patella faces upward, and the internal rotation or valgus deformity of the broken bone at the proximal end of the fracture line can be corrected during the knee flexion process.

[0046] In the device, the three-dimensional traction frame is detachably connected to the middle support section, which does not affect the debridement of the affected area in the early stage of emergency treatment. The three-dimensional traction frame acts on the traction pin, and by pulling the traction pin up and down and left and right, the lateral angular deformity and the anterior-posterior angular deformity of the proximal and distal ends of the fracture line can be pulled and reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the emergency resetting device disclosed in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bed body in the emergency resetting device disclosed in the present invention (lying flat);

[0050] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bed body in the emergency resetting device disclosed in the present invention (knee-flexed state);

[0051] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection portion between the middle support section and the lower support section in the emergency resetting device disclosed in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional traction frame in the emergency resetting device disclosed in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft locking part in the emergency resetting device disclosed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0056] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, the emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures includes a support body and a detachable traction reduction mechanism fixed on the middle support section.

[0057] The middle support section 20 is placed on the bed. The middle support section 20 is used to support the patient's knee joint and tibia. The distal end of the middle support section 20 is rotatably connected with a movable leg 21, and the proximal end of the middle support section 20 is slidably connected with a movable leg 21. In order to make the middle support section 20 more stable during traction reduction, the movable leg 21 can be fixed to the bed. A universal ball bearing is fixed on the top of the movable leg 21 at the proximal end of the middle support section 20, and a guide groove arranged along the length direction is provided on the bottom surface of the middle support section 20. The universal ball bearing can be slidably placed in the guide groove. The movable leg 21 at the proximal end of the middle support section 20 can be extended and retracted to raise the proximal end of the middle support section 20. The general height of the increase is 10-15mm, so that the patient is in a state of knee flexion. There are many specific implementation forms for extending and retracting the movable leg 21 at the proximal end of the middle support section 20. An existing telescopic structure such as an electric push rod can be set to achieve the purpose of use.

[0058] The proximal end of the middle support section 20 is provided with an elastic support portion 210 for supporting the patient's knee joint. The support portion 210 may slightly protrude from the middle support section 20 to reduce the pressure on the patient's popliteal fossa when the distal end of the tibia is pulled in a flexed knee state.

[0059] In addition, an inflatable airbag sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the support portion 210, and the airbag is inflated to expand the angle between the proximal end of the tibia and the middle support section 20, thereby improving the comfort of the patient during the operation.

[0060] Waste liquid guide grooves 220 are provided along the length direction on the left and right sides of the middle support section 20, and the distal end of the waste liquid guide groove 220 has a drainage port 221 connected to the drainage pipe. Since open fractures involve trauma, the affected area needs to be cleaned and eliminated first in first aid, which will generate a large amount of waste liquid. The waste liquid guide groove 220 can collect the waste liquid and discharge it from the drainage port 221, avoiding the movement of the patient and ensuring the cleanliness of the bed. The bottom surface of the waste liquid guide groove 220 is preferably arc-shaped, which can effectively and thoroughly discharge the waste liquid from the drainage port 221.

[0061] The lower support section 30 is used to support the patient's foot. The proximal end of the lower support section 30 is connected to the distal end of the middle support section 20, and can move close to or away from the middle support section 20 and be locked, as well as rotate left and right and be locked.

[0062] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a sliding cavity 230 is provided at the distal end of the middle support section 20 , and the connection structure between the lower support section 30 and the middle support section 20 includes a slide plate 321 , a connecting sleeve 322 , a rotating shaft 323 , a snap ring 324 and a lock nut 325 .

[0063] The slide plate 321 is slidably and lockably disposed in the slide cavity 230. A rack plate 326 is embedded in the upper end surface of the slide plate 321, which can float up and down and be locked with the help of an electric push rod. The rack plate 326 is arranged along the length direction of the bed body, and a driving gear 327 is meshed above the rack plate 326. A driving shaft 328 is connected to the driving gear 327 and is rotatably connected to the middle support section 20 through a bearing seat. The other end of the driving shaft 328 extends out of the slide cavity 230 and is located on a side outside the middle support section 20, forming a handle end.

[0064] The connecting sleeve 322 is fixed to the distal end of the slide plate 321, and has a tooth surface 1 on the distal end surface of the connecting sleeve 322. One end of the rotating shaft 323 is rotatably extended into the connecting sleeve 322 through a bearing, and the other end is fixed to the lower support section 30, thereby connecting the slide plate 321 and the lower support section 30 as a whole.

[0065] The outer wall of the rotating shaft 323 disclosed in the present invention has an external thread, and its cross section is non-circular. The snap ring 324 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 323 and has a perforation matching the cross section of the rotating shaft 323. The snap ring 324 and the rotating shaft 323 will not rotate relative to each other. The snap ring 324 has a tooth surface 2 that can mesh with the tooth surface 1 at one end facing the connecting sleeve 322. The lock nut 1 325 is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft 323, and can press the snap ring 324 onto the connecting sleeve 322.

[0066] When the lower support section 30 needs to be rotated left and right for adjustment, the rotating lock nut 325 is loosened to disengage the snap ring 324 from the connecting sleeve 322, so that the rotating shaft 323 drives the lower support section 30 to rotate freely. After the lower support section 30 is rotated into place, the lock nut 325 is tightened to make the snap ring 324 rest on the connecting sleeve 322, and the tooth surface 1 is meshed with the tooth surface 2, so that the snap ring 324 cannot rotate, thereby completing the rotation locking of the lower support section 30.

[0067] When the lower support section 30 needs to move closer to or away from the middle support section 20, the rack plate 326 is in the upper state and meshes with the driving gear 327. The handle end of the driving shaft 328 is rotated forward or reversely to drive the slide plate 321 forward and backward, that is, the lower support section 30 is driven closer to or away from the middle support section 20. And the driving gear 327 remains in meshing with the rack plate 326, that is, the position of the slide plate 321 is locked. When the position of the lower support section 30 in the length direction needs to be greatly adjusted, the rack plate 326 is placed in the lower state, and the rack plate 326 is separated from the driving gear 327, so that the slide plate 321 can slide freely in the sliding cavity 230, so as to quickly adjust the position of the lower support section 30, meet the applicable needs of patients of different heights, and save emergency time. After the lower support section 30 is adjusted in place, the rack plate 326 is adjusted to the upper state, and the rack plate 326 is meshed with the driving gear 327 again to lock the position of the slide plate 321.

[0068] Furthermore, the cross section of the end of the driving shaft 328 extending out of the middle support section 20 is polygonal and is sleeved with a locking sleeve 329. The inner hole of the locking sleeve 329 matches the cross section of the driving shaft 328. The outer wall of the locking sleeve 329 is also polygonal. The outer wall of the middle support section 20 has a polygonal locking groove for accommodating the inner end of the locking sleeve 329. When the driving shaft 328 needs to be rotated, the locking sleeve 329 is pulled outward to disengage from the locking groove, and the driving shaft 328 rotates freely. After the rotation is in place, the locking sleeve 329 is pushed into the locking groove to limit the rotation of the driving shaft 328, further ensuring the reliability of the sliding plate 321 after being locked.

[0069] The upper end surface of the lower support section 30 is flush with the upper end surface of the middle support section 20. A fixing portion 310 for fixing the patient's foot is provided on the upper surface of the support section. The fixing portion 310 has a notch for exposing the calcaneus and toes and allowing the calcaneus to rest on the lower support section 30. After the fixing portion 310 fixes the foot of the patient's affected limb, the heel leaks out from the notch, so that when the patient lies flat on the bed, the patient's heel is flush with the rear edge of the calf, meeting ergonomic requirements.

[0070] In the emergency reset device disclosed in the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the fixing part 310 includes a movable plate 311 located on the upper end surface of the lower support section 30, flush with the upper end surface of the upper support section 10, and capable of moving left and right along the lower support section 30 and being locked. The movable plate 311 and the upper end surface of the lower support section 30 are slidably matched through a concave-convex structure, and are locked by tightening the bolts. Two half boot bodies 312 are provided on the movable plate 311, and the two half boot bodies 312 can be closed and tightly embraced by the patient's ankle and distal tibia, and the heel and toes are exposed. The half boot body 312 includes a half boot shell and a removable elastic cushion layer fixed in the half boot shell. By adjusting the position of the movable plate 311, the half boot body 312 can correspond to the patient's left foot or right foot, thereby achieving the fixation of the corresponding patient's affected limb foot.

[0071] The setting of the elastic cushion layer will not hurt the patient's feet, which improves the comfort of use. In addition, the elastic cushion layer is detachable and can be used as a disposable item to avoid cross-infection of bacteria, and is conducive to the disinfection of the entire device.

[0072] The elastic cushion layer may also include a bag made of medical latex material, which is filled with ice sand formed by freezing 15% sodium chloride solution. The ice bag can reduce local tissue congestion and bleeding, shrink capillaries, slow blood flow, reduce tissue temperature and cell metabolism, thereby reducing swelling and stopping bleeding, relieving pain, and inhibiting the spread of inflammation.

[0073] The clamping cavity formed by the two half boot bodies 312 is adjustable and can be suitable for patients of different sizes. A transverse traction screw 313 is fixed on the outside of at least one half of the boot body 312. The traction screw 313 axially moves through a fixed block 314 fixed on the movable plate 311 and is rotationally limited. An adjusting nut 315 is threadedly connected to the inner side of the traction screw 313 located on the fixed block 314. One position of the two half boot bodies 312 is fixed and the other position is adjustable. The traction screw 313 is moved inward by rotating the adjusting nut 315 to reduce the distance between the two half boot bodies 312. The adjusting nut 315 is limited outward by the fixed block 314, so that the two half boot bodies 312 can clamp the foot. The clamping force of the two half boot bodies 312 is adjusted so that the patient's foot and the distal end of the tibia can move with the half boot body 312 to achieve fixation of the patient's foot.

[0074] The device also includes a detachable traction reduction mechanism fixed on the middle support section 20. The traction reduction mechanism is detachable and will only be installed during traction reduction, so as not to affect other examinations and operations of the patient by medical staff. The traction reduction mechanism includes two three-dimensional traction frames 40, which act on the traction nails 100 driven into the distal end and the proximal end of the broken bone respectively, and can pull the traction nails 100 to move up and down and left and right and lock them.

[0075] The left and right sides of the middle support section 20 are provided with side baffles 240 that can be folded down 180 degrees, and the top of the side baffles 240 is provided with a structure that is engaged and fixed with the three-dimensional traction frame 40. The side baffles 240 can be installed on both sides of the middle support section 20 through hinges that can be opened and closed 180 degrees. When in use, they are opened vertically upwards, and when not in use, they are folded downwards, which does not affect the doctor's debridement, examination and other operations on the patient. A T-shaped slide is provided on the top of the side baffles 240, and the three-dimensional traction frame 40 is provided with a slider 410 that is slidably engaged with the slide. The slide and the slider 410 can be locked by locking parts such as tightening bolts to adjust the position of the three-dimensional traction frame 40 on the middle support section 20.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, the three-dimensional traction frame 40 includes an insertion rod 420, a cross bar 430, a positioning mechanism 440 and a driving mechanism 450. The insertion rod 420 is vertically arranged and can be lifted and locked relative to the slider 410. The cross bar 430 is arranged at the top of the insertion rod 420 and can slide and lock horizontally. The positioning mechanism 440 is arranged at the inner end of the cross bar 430, and is used to simulate the trajectory of the traction nail 100 driven into the broken bone and radially position the traction nail 100. The driving mechanism 450 is used to drive the traction nail 100 to move up and down along the driving trajectory.

[0077] The three-dimensional traction frame 40 also includes a fixed cylinder 421, a quick adjustment block 422 and a spring 423. The fixed cylinder 421 is fixed to the slider 410 to achieve detachable fixation with the bed body. The fixed cylinder 421 has a slide groove opened along the width direction of the bed body, and the opening of the slide groove is set outward. The quick adjustment block 422 is a stepped structure. The quick adjustment block 422 is slidably placed in the slide groove and is restricted by the steps to be separated from the slide groove. The outer end of the quick adjustment block extends out of the slide groove. A vertical socket is opened on the quick adjustment block 422. The two ends of the fixed cylinder 421 corresponding to the socket have polygonal notches, and a block protrudes from the inner wall of the socket. The spring 423 is pressed between the bottom of the slide groove and the quick adjustment block 422, and exerts an outward thrust on the quick adjustment block 422.

[0078] The outer wall of the plug rod 420 is provided with multiple circles of recessed slots at intervals. The plug rod 420 is inserted into the socket and matches the shape of the notch on the fixed cylinder 421. Under the action of the spring 423, the plug rod 420 and the socket are eccentrically arranged, so that the block is inserted into the slot, and the lifting and locking of the plug rod 420 are realized. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the three-dimensional traction frame 40, the quick adjustment block 422 is pressed inward to squeeze the spring 423, so that the plug rod 420 and the socket are concentrically arranged, the block is separated from the slot, and the plug rod 420 can move freely up and down. When the plug rod 420 moves into place, the quick adjustment block 422 is released. Under the action of the spring 423, the quick adjustment block 422 moves outward to reset, and the plug rod 420 and the socket are eccentrically arranged again, and the block is inserted into the slot.

[0079] A second fixing block 431 is fixed on the top of the insertion rod 420. The cross bar 430 has an external thread, and its cross section is non-circular. The second fixing block 431 has a hole for the cross bar 430 to slide through, and the hole matches the cross section of the cross bar 430. An adjusting nut 432 is threadedly connected to the cross bar 430 on the inner side of the second fixing block 431. By rotating the adjusting nut 432 in the forward or reverse direction, the cross bar 430 can be moved inward or outward laterally.

[0080] The positioning mechanism 440 includes a fixed rod 441 and at least three telescopic rods 442. The fixed rod 441 is vertically fixed to the inner end of the crossbar 430. The three telescopic rods 442 are arranged in parallel up and down, and each telescopic rod 442 is arranged horizontally, one end of which is fixed to the fixed rod 441, and the other end is fixed with a positioning ring 443. The aperture of the positioning ring 443 is much larger than the diameter of the traction nail 100. The doctor passes the traction nail 100 through the three positioning rings 443 and inserts it into the broken bone, and then extends (or shortens) the middle telescopic rod 442, shortens (or lengthens) the other two telescopic rods 442, and arranges them in a staggered manner, so that the three positioning rings 443 are in contact with the traction nail 100 in a triangular shape, so as to achieve radial and rotational limit of the traction nail 100, and simulate the trajectory of the traction nail 100 being driven into the channel.

[0081] The driving mechanism 450 includes a spiral tooth, a telescopic rod 444 and a worm gear 445. The spiral tooth is arranged on the traction nail 100 to form a worm structure. The telescopic rod 444 is arranged horizontally, and one end thereof is fixed to the inner end of the cross bar 430. The worm gear 445 is rotatably connected to the other end of the telescopic rod 444, and a driving handle is assembled on the worm gear 445. The worm gear 445 can be meshed with the worm structure on the traction nail 100 for transmission. By controlling the length of the telescopic rod 444, the worm gear 445 can be meshed with the worm structure on the traction nail 100, and then by rotating the driving handle, the traction nail 100 can be driven upward or downward.

[0082] In order to ensure the stability of the engagement between the worm gear 445 and the traction nail 100, a shell can be provided outside the worm gear 445 and the traction nail 100. The shell has an upper plate, a lower plate and a side plate connecting the upper plate and the lower plate. The shell is detachably connected to the fixing rod 441. When the traction nail 100 is driven into the broken bone, it needs to penetrate the upper and lower plates of the shell. The traction nail 100 is further positioned by the shell. The setting of the shell does not affect the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 444, and the driving handle is exposed to ensure the effective engagement of the worm gear 445 and the traction nail 100.

[0083] The patient lies flat on the bed, and the patient's feet are fixed on the lower support section 30 using the fixing part 310. By controlling the lower support section 30 to move away from or close to the middle support section 20, the fracture can be reduced and the length of the lower limb can be restored. Moreover, the setting of the device ensures that the heel is flush with the rear edge of the calf, conforms to the human body shape, and accurately restores the length without causing secondary dislocation deformity.

[0084] When resetting the tibia for internal rotation or valgus deformity, the resetting is performed with reference to the standard that in a normal state, the toes of a human body lie flat and the patella faces upwards, and in a flexed knee state. In the device, the lower support segment 30 can rotate left and right relative to the main body, and the rotation adjustment makes the patient's toes face upwards, thereby correcting the internal rotation or valgus deformity of the broken bone at the distal end of the fracture line; then the proximal end of the lower support segment 30 is driven to rise, so that the patient is in a flexed knee state, and the patient's patella faces upwards, and the internal rotation or valgus deformity of the broken bone at the proximal end of the fracture line can be corrected during the flexion process.

[0085] In the device, the three-dimensional traction frame 40 is detachably connected to the middle support section, which does not affect the debridement of the affected area in the early stage of emergency treatment. The three-dimensional traction frame 40 acts on the traction nail 100, and by pulling the traction nail 100 up and down, the proximal and distal ends of the fracture line can be pulled and reset for anterior and posterior angular deformity, and by pulling the traction nail 100 left and right, the proximal and distal ends of the fracture line can be pulled and reset for lateral angular deformity.

[0086] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any simple modification, deformation and equivalent substitution made by anyone to the present invention based on the contents of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency reduction device for open tibial fractures, characterized in that: include: The middle support section (20) is placed on the bed and used to support the patient's knee joint and tibia. A movable support leg (21) is rotatably connected to the distal end of the middle support section (20), and a movable support leg (21) is slidably connected to the proximal end of the middle support section (20). The proximal movable support leg (21) can be extended to raise the proximal end of the middle support section (20). The proximal end of the middle support section (20) has an elastic support portion (210) for supporting the patient's knee joint. The lower support section (30) is used to support the patient's foot, and its upper end surface is flush with the upper end surface of the middle support section (20). A fixing portion (310) for fixing the patient's foot is provided on the upper surface of the support section. The fixing portion (310) has a notch for exposing the calcaneus and toes and allowing the calcaneus to rest on the lower support section (30). The proximal end of the lower support section (30) is connected to the distal end of the middle support section (20), and can be moved close to or away from the middle support section (20) and locked, as well as rotated left and right and locked; The device also includes a traction and reduction mechanism detachably fixed to the middle support section (20), the traction and reduction mechanism including two three-dimensional traction frames (40) acting on traction nails (100) driven into the distal end and the proximal end of the broken bone respectively, and being able to pull the traction nails (100) to move up and down and left and right and lock them; The three-dimensional traction frame (40) comprises: The insertion rod (420) is arranged vertically and can be raised, lowered and locked; A crossbar (430) is disposed on the top of the insertion rod (420) and is capable of sliding horizontally and being locked; A positioning mechanism (440) is disposed at the inner end of the crossbar (430) and is used to simulate the trajectory of the traction pin (100) driven into the broken bone and to radially position the traction pin (100); A driving mechanism (450) is used to drive the traction nail (100) to move up and down along the driving track; A fixed cylinder (421) is detachably fixed to the middle support section and has a slide groove opened along the width direction of the bed body, wherein the opening of the slide groove is arranged outward; The quick-adjusting block (422) is in a stepped structure. The quick-adjusting block (422) is slidably placed in the slide slot and is restricted by the steps to be released from the slide slot. The outer end of the quick-adjusting block extends out of the slide slot. A vertical insertion hole is provided on the quick-adjusting block (422). The fixing cylinder (421) has polygonal notches at both ends corresponding to the insertion hole. A block protrudes from the inner wall of the insertion hole. The spring (423) is pressed between the bottom of the slide groove and the quick-adjusting block (422) to apply an outward thrust to the quick-adjusting block (422); The outer wall of the insertion rod (420) is provided with multiple circles of recessed slots at intervals. The insertion rod (420) is inserted into the insertion hole and matches the shape of the notch on the fixing tube (421). Under the action of the spring (423), the insertion rod (420) and the insertion hole are eccentrically arranged so that the card block is inserted into the slot, thereby realizing the lifting and locking of the insertion rod (420).

2. The emergency resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Waste liquid guide grooves (220) are provided on the left and right sides of the middle support section (20) along the length direction, and the far end of the waste liquid guide groove (220) is provided with a liquid discharge port (221) connected to a liquid discharge pipe.

3. The emergency resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing portion (310) comprises a movable plate (311) located on the upper end surface of the lower support section (30), flush with the upper end surface of the upper support section (10) and capable of being moved left and right along the lower support section (30) and locked; two half boot bodies (312) are arranged on the movable plate (311); the two half boot bodies (312) can be closed and tightly embraced around the ankle and distal end of the tibia of the patient; the half boot bodies (312) comprise a half boot shell and a detachable elastic pad layer fixed in the half boot shell.

4. The emergency resetting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A transverse traction screw (313) is fixed on the outside of at least half of the boot body (312). The traction screw (313) axially moves through a fixing block (314) fixed on the movable plate (311) and is rotationally limited. An adjusting nut (315) is threadedly connected to the inner side of the traction screw (313) located on the fixing block (314).

5. The emergency resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal end of the middle support section (20) is provided with a sliding cavity (230), and the connection structure between the lower support section (30) and the middle support section (20) comprises: A slide plate (321) is slidably disposed in the slide cavity (230) and can be locked; A connecting sleeve (322) is fixed to the distal end of the slide plate (321), and has a tooth surface 1 on the end surface of the distal end of the connecting sleeve (322); A rotating shaft (323), one end of which is rotatably inserted into the connecting sleeve (322), and the other end of which is fixed to the lower supporting section (30), wherein the rotating shaft (323) has an external thread and a non-circular cross section; A snap ring (324) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (323) and has a through hole matching the cross section of the rotating shaft (323), and one end of the snap ring (324) facing the connecting sleeve (322) has a tooth surface 2 that can mesh with the tooth surface 1; and The lock nut (325) is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft (323) and can press the clamping ring (324) onto the connecting sleeve (322).

6. The emergency resetting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the slide plate (321) is embedded with a rack plate (326) that can float up and down and be locked. The rack plate (326) is arranged along the length direction of the bed body. A driving gear (327) is meshed above the rack plate (326). The driving gear (327) is connected to a driving shaft (328) that is rotatably connected to the middle support section (20). The driving shaft (328) extends out of the sliding cavity (230) and is located on a side outside the middle support section (20).

7. The emergency resetting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross-section of the end of the driving shaft (328) extending out of the middle supporting section (20) is polygonal and is sleeved with a locking sleeve (329). The inner hole of the locking sleeve (329) matches the cross-section of the driving shaft (328). The outer wall of the locking sleeve (329) is also polygonal. The outer wall of the middle supporting section (20) has a polygonal locking groove for accommodating the inner end of the locking sleeve (329).

8. The emergency resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the middle support section (20) are provided with side baffles (240) that can be folded downwards by 180 degrees, and the top of the side baffles (240) is provided with a structure that is engaged and fixed with the three-dimensional traction frame (40).

9. The emergency resetting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the side baffle (240) is provided with a T-shaped slideway, and the three-dimensional traction frame (40) is provided with a slider (410) that is slidably engaged with the slideway, and the slideway and the slider (410) can be locked by a locking piece.

10. The emergency resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second fixing block (431) is fixed to the top of the insertion rod (420); the cross bar (430) has an external thread, and its cross section is non-circular; the second fixing block (431) has a hole for the cross bar (430) to slide through, and the hole matches the cross section of the cross bar (430); and an adjusting nut (432) is threadedly connected to the cross bar (430) on the inner side of the second fixing block (431).

11. The emergency resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (440) comprises: A fixing rod (441) vertically fixed to the inner end of the cross bar (430); and At least three telescopic rods (442) are arranged in parallel up and down, and each telescopic rod (442) is arranged horizontally, one end of which is fixed to the fixing rod (441), and the other end is fixed with a positioning ring (443).

12. The emergency resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (450) comprises: Helical teeth are arranged on the traction nail (100) to form a worm structure; A second telescopic rod (444) is disposed transversely, one end of which is fixed to the inner end of the cross bar (430); and The worm wheel (445) is rotatably connected to the other end of the second telescopic rod (444), and the driving handle is assembled on the worm wheel (445). The worm wheel (445) can mesh with the worm structure on the traction nail (100) for transmission.

Images